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Shah R, Phatak N, Choudhary A, Gadewar S, Uddin A, Bhattacharya S. Exploring the Theranostic Applications and Prospects of Nanobubbles. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 25:CPB-EPUB-135194. [PMID: 37861011 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010248189231010085827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer medications as well as additional therapeutic compounds, have poor clinical effectiveness due to their diverse distribution, non-selectivity for malignant cells, and undesirable off-target side effects. As a result, ultrasound-based targeted delivery of therapeutic compounds carried in sophisticated nanocarriers has grown in favor of cancer therapy and control. Nanobubbles are nanoscale bubbles that exhibit unique physiochemical properties in both their inner core and outer shell. Manufacturing nanobubbles primarily aims to enhance therapeutic agents' bioavailability, stability, and targeted delivery. The small size of nanobubbles allows for their extravasation from blood vessels into surrounding tissues and site-specific release through ultrasound targeting. Ultrasound technology is widely utilized for therapy due to its speed, safety, and cost-effectiveness, and micro/nanobubbles, as ultrasound contrast agents, have numerous potential applications in disease treatment. Thus, combining ultrasound applications with NBs has recently demonstrated increased localization of anticancer molecules in tumor tissues with triggered release behavior. Consequently, an effective therapeutic concentration of drugs/genes is achieved in target tumor tissues with ultimately increased therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects on other non-cancerous tissues. This paper provides a brief overview of the production processes for nanobubbles, along with their key characteristics and potential therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Niraj Phatak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Quality Assurance, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Sakshi Gadewar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
| | - Ajaz Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Khoka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, India
| | - Sankha Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India
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Dongariyal A, Dimri DC, Kumar P, Choudhary A, Jat PK, Basile B, Mataffo A, Corrado G, Singh A. Pollen-Pistil Interaction in Response to Pollination Variants in Subtropical Japanese Plum ( Prunus salicina Lindl.) Varieties. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3081. [PMID: 36432810 PMCID: PMC9692414 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is a fruit tree globally cultivated in temperate regions of the world. Its floral biology and yield are affected by several factors, with issues related to self- and cross- (in) compatibility among varieties being emblematic of the whole Rosaceae family. The aim of this work was to elucidate the fruit set, dynamics of pollen tube growth in pistil, and yield and other fruiting attributes, in 'Satluj Purple' and 'Kala Amritsari', probably the most popular subtropical Japanese plum varieties in northern regions of India. Specifically, we examined the response of six different pollination variants, namely to self-pollination, open-pollination with the two cultivars located in adjacent rows, open-pollination with the two cultivars located in distant rows, manual cross-pollination, supplementary pollination, and floral bouquet. During the two years of the investigation, both plum cultivars showed good in vitro pollen germination (on average, above 50%) at different sucrose concentrations, with the highest values for the 'Satluj Purple' and for the 15% concentration. In vivo, the analysis of the pollen growth in the various sections of the style indicated the best performance when pistils of 'Satluj Purple' were pollinated by pollen grains of cv. 'Kala Amritsari'. Cross-pollination also registered faster growth of pollen tube in pistil with the lowest number of incompatible pollen tubes compared to open- and self-pollination. From the productive point of view, cross-pollination showed the most pronounced results among the different pollination variants, with the highest initial fruit set (36.6%) and yield (28.0 kg/tree), and the shorter fruit development in 'Satluj Purple' (fruit set and yield in self-pollinated 'Satluj Purple' trees were 3.3% and 2.0 kg/tree, respectively). Conversely, the use of 'Satluj Purple' pollen for 'Kala Amritsari' showed poor results. Finally, in our study, 'Kala Amritsari' showed self-compatibility. We conclude that the main cause of poor fruit set in 'Satluj Purple' is self-incompatibility. The relevant genotypic-specific effects revealed by the analysis of the various pollination treatments also highlighted the importance of interplanting to increase fruit set and yield for subtropical Japanese plum varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Dongariyal
- Department of Horticulture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUAT), Pantnagar 263145, India
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (GBPUAT, Pantnagar), via Guptkashi, Bansu, Rudraprayag 246439, India
| | - Dinesh Chandra Dimri
- Department of Horticulture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUAT), Pantnagar 263145, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Integrated Farming System, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Horticulture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology (GBPUAT), Pantnagar 263145, India
- Division of Integrated Farming System, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India
| | - Priynka Kumari Jat
- Department of Horticulture, Maharishi Arvind University, Mudiaramser, Jaipur 302012, India
| | - Boris Basile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mataffo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Giandomenico Corrado
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Akath Singh
- Division of Integrated Farming System, ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India
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Ramesh R, Kayal S, Manivannan P, Choudhary A, Ganesan P, Sahadevan S, Dubashi B. 218P Prognostic role of apoptotic index in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Choudhary A, Kumar P, Sahu SK, Pradhan C, Singh SK, Gašparović M, Shukla A, Singh AK. Time Series Simulation and Forecasting of Air Quality Using In-situ and Satellite-Based Observations Over an Urban Region. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Air quality is directly associated with the health of society. So, it becomes essential to forecast air pollution, which assumes an imperative part in air pollution warnings and control. A time-series simulation approach was adapted for the forecasting of monthly mean ambient air pollutants (PM2.5, O3, NO2) concentration and Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) at an urban traffic site (Mathura Road, CSIR-CRRI) in New Delhi, India. Satellite-based aerosol loading (AOD550) retrieved from the Terra MODIS (Collection 6) enhanced Deep Blue (DB) algorithm was used for further analysis. The analysis considered the average monthly mean concentration of air pollutants and AOD between 2012-2017 and, simulates the concentrations of PM2.5, O3, NO2, and AOD for the same period and then forecasts air quality for the years 2020-2023. The forecasted results were validated with 24 months of in-situ and satellite data from 2018-to and 2019. In the year 2020, observed and simulated results are in lower agreement due to the shutdown of anthropogenic activities to combat pandemic situations. Otherwise, modeled and forecasted results are in good harmony with the in-situ and satellite observations. The results also signify that the time series Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) modeling approach can be an effective and simple tool for air pollution simulation and future forecast. The results are evocative concerning the forecast of near future aerosol loading information and will also be profound to address the problems.
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Jagdish RK, Kamaal A, Shasthry SM, Benjamin J, Maiwall R, Jindal A, Choudhary A, Rajan V, Arora V, Bhardwaj A, Kumar G, Kumar M, Sarin SK. Erectile Dysfunction in Cirrhosis: Its Prevalence and Risk Factors. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2022; 12:1264-1275. [PMID: 36157150 PMCID: PMC9499842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Erectile dysfunction (ED) is common in men with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ED and the factors associated with ED in men with cirrhosis. Methods 400 men with cirrhosis [Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A, 44.0%; CTP class B, 41.0%; and CTP class C, 15.0%] having high Karnofsky performance score, and living in a stable monogamous relationship with a female partner were included in the study. International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire, and Short-Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) were used to assess erectile function and the health-related quality of life (HRQOL), respectively. Results ED was found in 289 (72.3%) patients. Patients with ED reported significantly lower SF-36 scores across all the eight domains of SF-36 (i.e., physical functioning score, role physical score, bodily pain score, general health perception score, vitality score, social functioning score, role emotional score, and mental health score); physical component summary score, and mental physical component summary score, compared with those without ED. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with ED were older age, longer duration of cirrhosis, CTP-C (vs. CTP-A), higher hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), presence of major depression, and lower appendicular skeletal muscle index measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA ASMI). Conclusion ED is common in men with cirrhosis, and men with ED have poor HRQOL compared with those without ED. Older age, longer duration of cirrhosis, CTP-C (vs. CTP-A), higher HVPG, presence of GAD, presence of major depression, and lower DEXA ASMI are associated with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K. Jagdish
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ahmed Kamaal
- Department of Urology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saggere M. Shasthry
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaya Benjamin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijayaraghavan Rajan
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinod Arora
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Bhardwaj
- Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K. Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Choudhary A, Boudreaux B, Bhullar P, Nelson S, Mangold A, Iyer R. LB889 Risk stratification of squamous cell carcinoma using weakly supervised multitask learning of whole slide images. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kumar R, Pareek NK, Kumar U, Javed T, Al-Huqail AA, Rathore VS, Nangia V, Choudhary A, Nanda G, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Youesf AF, Telesiński A, Kalaji HM. Coupling Effects of Nitrogen and Irrigation Levels on Growth Attributes, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Economics of Cotton. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:890181. [PMID: 35651778 PMCID: PMC9149569 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.890181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilization plays a pivotal role in physiomorphological attributes and yield formation of field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but little is known of its interaction with irrigation levels. Therefore, this study was conducted with an objective of evaluating the impact of irrigation and nitrogen levels on growth attributes and nitrogen use efficiency of Bt cotton (Gossypium spp.) in the hot arid region. The experiment consisted of a factorial arrangement of three irrigation levels (200, 400, and 600 mm) and four nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg ha-1) in a split-plot design with three replications. Nitrogen fertilization and irrigation levels influenced cotton growth attributes and yield. The highest leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, and relative growth rate were achieved at 225 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level 600 mm as compared to other experimental treatments. Similarly, nitrogen uptake and content by seed, lint, and stalk and total nitrogen uptake recorded maximum at 225 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level 600 mm. Interestingly, the treatment of 600 mm of irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 displayed significant increase in nitrogen use efficiency indices such as agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (AEN) and recovery efficiency of nitrogen (REN), while partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) and internal nitrogen use efficiency (iNUE) were significantly higher with application of 600 mm of irrigation and nitrogen application rate of 75 kg ha-1. Application of 600 mm of irrigation along with 225 kg N ha-1 resulted in significant increase in gross return, net return, and B:C ratio than any other treatment combinations. So, application of 600 mm of irrigation along with 225 kg N ha-1 could be recommended for achieving higher growth and yield, as well as profitability of Bt cotton under hot arid region and similar agroecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Pareek
- College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, India
| | - Uttam Kumar
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma A. Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Vinay Nangia
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Gangadhar Nanda
- Animal Production Research Institute, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, India
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed F. Youesf
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
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Choudhary A, Sandhaus E, Zalawadiya S, Schwartz C, Ruzevich-Scholl S, Dutton A, Wigger M, Brinkley D, Menachem J, Shah A, Balsara K, Punnoose L, Sacks S, Ooi H, Pedrotty D, Hoffman J, McMaster W, Nguyen D, Lindenfeld J, Schlendorf K. Demographics and Utilization of Hepatitis C Hearts: A Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Chawla A, Kriplani A, Pandit S, Choudhary A. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) in predicting Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PNL). Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vijayaraghavan R, Maiwall R, Arora V, Choudhary A, Benjamin J, Aggarwal P, Jamwal KD, Kumar G, Joshi YK, Sarin SK. Reversal of Feed Intolerance by Prokinetics Improves Survival in Critically Ill Cirrhosis Patients. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:4223-4233. [PMID: 34392492 PMCID: PMC8364303 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-07185-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Feed intolerance (FI) is common in cirrhosis patients in intensive care units (ICU). Prokinetics are the first line treatment for FI but their efficacy and safety in critically ill patient with cirrhosis is unknown. We evaluated the role of prokinetics in reversal of FI and clinical outcomes. METHODS Consecutive patients admitted in ICU developing new-onset FI, were randomized to receive either intravenous metoclopramide (Gr.A, n = 28), erythromycin (Gr.B, n = 27) or placebo (Gr.C, n = 28). FI was defined with the presence of 3 of 5 variables- absence of bowel sounds, gastric residual volume ≥ 500 ml, vomiting, diarrhoea and bowel distension. Primary end-point was complete resolution of FI (≥ 3 variables resolved) within 24-h and secondary end-points included resolution within 72-h and survival at 7-days. RESULTS Of the 1030 ICU patients, 201 (19.5%) developed FI and 83 patients were randomized. Baseline parameters between the groups were comparable. Complete resolution at 24-h was higher in Gr.A (7.14%) and B (22.2%) than C (0%, p = 0.017). Overall, 58 (69.9%) patients achieved resolution within 72 h, more with metoclopramide (n = 24, 85.7%) and erythromycin (n = 25, 92.6%) than with placebo (n = 9, 32.1%, p < 0.001). The 7-day survival was better in patients who achieved resolution within 72-h (65.5 vs. 36%, p = 0.011) than non-responders. High lactate (OR-3.32, CI-1.45-7.70, p = 0.005), shock at baseline (OR-6.34, CI-1.67-24.1, p = 0.007) and resolution of FI within 72 h (OR-0.11, CI, 0.03-0.51, p = 0.04) predicted 7-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS FI is common in critically-ill cirrhosis patients and non-resolution carries high mortality. Early recognition and treatment with prokinetics is recommended to improve short-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Vijayaraghavan
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
| | - Vinod Arora
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
| | - Jaya Benjamin
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Aggarwal
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Dev Jamwal
- grid.464746.30000 0004 1761 4703Department of Gastroenterology, Artemis Hospitals, Gurugram, Haryana India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Y. K. Joshi
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K. Sarin
- grid.418784.60000 0004 1804 4108Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D-1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India
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Jagdish RK, Kamaal A, Shasthry SM, Benjamin J, Maiwall R, Jindal A, Choudhary A, Rajan V, Arora V, Bhardwaj A, Kumar G, Kumar M, Sarin SK. Tadalafil improves erectile dysfunction and quality of life in men with cirrhosis: a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Hepatol Int 2021; 17:434-451. [PMID: 34775577 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10264-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Patients with cirrhosis have high prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED). The aim of this study was to study the efficacy and safety of tadalafil for ED in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS 140 cirrhotic males with ED were randomized into tadalafil 10 mg daily (n = 70) or placebo (n = 70) for 12 weeks. ED was diagnosed if erectile function (EF) domain score was < 25 in International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. The erectile function domain consists of six questions concerning erection frequency, erection firmness, frequency of partner penetration, frequency of maintaining erection after penetration, ability to maintain erection to completion of intercourse and confidence in achieving and maintaining erection. Primary outcome was proportion of patients having an increase in > 5 points in EF domain of the IIEF. Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) questionnaire was used for screening and severity measuring of GAD. The presence of depression was screened using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the assessment of health related quality of life was done using the Short Form (36) Health Survey. RESULTS At the end of 12 weeks, more patients in tadalafil group achieved > 5 points increase in the EF domain of the IIEF when compared with the placebo group [44(62.9%) vs. 21(30%), p < 0.001]. At the end of 12 weeks, patients receiving tadalafil had significantly more change in scores on the erectile function domain, orgasmic function domain, intercourse satisfaction domain, overall satisfaction domain, erection vaginal penetration rates and successful intercourse; significantly more decline in the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores; significantly more improvement in scores of five of the eight domains of SF-36 (general health perception, vitality score, social functioning, role emotional and mental health) and the mental component summary rates when compared with placebo. The development of side effects and the changes in HVPG were not significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Tadalafil therapy may enhance erectile function, improve anxiety, depression and quality of life; and is well tolerated by men with cirrhosis (CTP score < 10) and ED. However, further larger and long-term studies are needed to confirm these results and look for rarer side effects of using tadalafil in patients with cirrhosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier number NCT03566914; first posted date: June 25, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Jagdish
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ahmed Kamaal
- Department of Urology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saggere Muralikrishna Shasthry
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Jaya Benjamin
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Vijayaraghavan Rajan
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Vinod Arora
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
| | - Ankit Bhardwaj
- Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India.
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070, India
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Kalal CR, Maiwall R, Choudhary A, Premkumar M, Kumar G, Vyas AK, Sarin SK. Mannitol Is Comparable to Hypertonic Saline for Raised Intracranial Pressure in Acute Liver Failure (MAHAL Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Dig Dis 2021; 40:607-615. [PMID: 34763338 DOI: 10.1159/000520229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) due to cerebral edema (CE) is central to development of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure (ALF). Mannitol (MT) and hypertonic saline (HS) have been shown to improve CE. We compared the efficacy and safety of the 2 modalities. METHODS ALF with CE was prospectively randomized in an open study to receive either 5 mL/kg of either 3% HS, as continuous infusion; titrated every 6 hourly to achieve serum sodium of <160 (Group A; n = 26) or 1 g/kg of 20% MN as a IV bolus, repeated every 6 hourly (Group B; n = 25) in addition to standard ALF care. Primary end-point was reduction of ICP defined as optic nerve sheath diameter <5 mm and middle cerebral arterial pulsatility index <1.2 at 12 h. RESULTS Fifty-one patients with ALF, hepatitis E being commonest (33.3%), median jaundice to HE interval of 8 (1-16) days, were randomized to HS (n = 26) or MN (n = 25). Baseline characteristics were comparable including King's college criteria (>2: 38.4% vs.40%). Overall, 61.5% patients in the HS and 56% in the MN group showed reduction in ICP at 12 h (p = 0.25). Rebound increase in ICP indices was noted in 5 (20%) patients in MT and none in HS (p < 0.05) group. New onset acute kidney injury was common in the MT group than in the HS group. The ICU stay and 28-day transplant-free survival were not different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS While both agents had comparable efficacy in reducing ICP and mortality in ALF patients was comparable, HS was significantly better in preventing reducing rebound CE with lower renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Ramesh Kalal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhumita Premkumar
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Department of Bio Stat, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Vyas
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Tomar A, Bhardwaj A, Choudhary A, Bhattacharyya D. Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Nocturnal Hypoxemia in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Record-based Data. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3105-3110. [PMID: 34660454 PMCID: PMC8483116 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_412_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often seen among obese individuals and the obesity has a linear association with MAFLD. The contribution of chronic intermittent nocturnal hypoxia of OSA and association of MAFLD with OSA is an unmet need. The present study aimed to determine the etiology, impact and association of OSA severity and nocturnal hypoxemia among patients ofChronic liver disease (CLD). Methods: In this study, analysis of the medical records and clinical details of the patients of CLD who had undergone polysomnography were analyzed after appropriate inclusion in study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. After assessing the eligibility criteria, a total of 78 patients were included in the final analysis. Nocturnal hypoxemia was gauged from the baseline oxygen saturation record of study. Presence and severity of OSA were graded as per American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) criteria. The primary objective of the study was to determine the association between OSA severity and nocturnal hypoxemia to the presence of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Secondary objectives were to assess the association of OSA severity and extent of nocturnal hypoxemia to the BMI and to determine the proportions of NAFLD subjects with OSA. Results: A total of 78 patients were screened, of which only 11 (14.1%) were female. Out of these, 56 (71.8%) were classified to MAFLD group while 22 (28.2%) were to the non-MAFLD group. The patients in MAFLD group with mean age of 56.02 years were older as compared to non-MAFLD with mean age of 51.05 years but that was not statistically different. Patients were categorized into MAFLD (n = 56) and non-MAFLD, representing other etiologies of CLD (n = 22; ethanol, chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV), chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV), cryptogenic, Non-cirrhosis portal fibrosis (NCPF), Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), sarcoidosis, Wilson's disease). The mean BMI was significantly higher in MAFLD in comparison to non-MAFLD (34.51 ± 8.79 vs. 25.47 ± 5.75; P = 0.000) and also the median AHI of MAFLD group was significantly higher than the non-MAFLD 4.95 {(1.85, 25.47) vs. 0.85 (0.30, 2.72) (P value < 0.000)} [Table 1]. Among the desaturation indices, the number of desaturations >3% {median of 122.50 (75.00, 241.25) vs. 63.00 (13.75, 158.00), P value 0.009} and average desaturation {mean of (5.04 ± 2.16) vs. (3.78 ± 1.226)%, P value 0.002} were significantly higher in MAFLD versus non-MAFLD group [Table 2]. The AHI and all desaturation parameters, although not statistically significant, were worst in Child B [Table 3]. Conclusion: MAFLD patients have higher prevalence and greater severity of OSA and worse nocturnal desaturation parameters as compared to non-MAFLD patients. OSA is independent of obesity among patients of CLD, but prevalent among NAFLD group. Further prospective studies are needed among MAFLD and OSA patients to elucidate the mechanism linking pathophysiology of OSA-MAFLD and guide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Tomar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Bhardwaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Chawla A, Mummlaneni S, Jaidevareddy S, Choudhary A. Direct visual internal urethrotomy versus non-transecting urethroplasty for short segment non traumatic bulbar urethral strictures – a non-randomised prospective observational study from university teaching institution. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Choudhary A, Choudhary DS, Ghatak S. Estimation of Fertilization Rate, Implantation Rate, Pregnancy Rate and Live Birth Rate in Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Association with Number of Attempts and Sperm Morphology. Mymensingh Med J 2021; 30:531-537. [PMID: 33830139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a growing health problem. It affects relatively large number of couples both globally as well as in India. Fertility treatment registers suggest that infertility is on increase. With the advancement in the knowledge and technology about the In Vitro fertilization (IVF) process, In Vitro fertilization success rates are improving over the time. In many cases of male-factor infertility, Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the recommended treatment. The aim of this study was to estimate fertilization, implantation and pregnancy rates in ICSI cycles in association with number of attempts and sperm morphology. A total of 250 IVF-ICSI cycles were performed at a Fertility Center in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. This cohort study was performed during 2013 to 2015. The differences in the outcomes of ICSI in association with sperm morphology and number of ICSI attempt were evaluated. Significantly higher mean was observed in fertilization rate and live birth rate with ≥5% sperm morphology 79.63% vs. 71.46% and 20% vs. 13.9% respectively). Significantly higher mean implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and live birth rate were observed with attempt 3 as compared to 1 and 2 attempts. IVF success rates are improving over the time as knowledge and technology are advancing. Sperm morphology and number of attempt affect the ICSI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Dr Anju Choudhary, Senior Resident, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India; E-mail:
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Kumar M, Kainth S, Kumar S, Bhardwaj A, KumarAggarwal H, Maiwall R, Jamwal KD, Shasthry SM, Jindal A, Choudhary A, Anand L, Dhamija RM, Chibbar G, Chander Sharma B, Sarin SK. Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Sleep-Wake Abnormalities in Patients with Cirrhosis. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2021; 11:453-465. [PMID: 34276152 PMCID: PMC8267360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Sleep-wake abnormalities [poor nighttime sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)] are common in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep-wake abnormalities and clinical factors associated with these abnormalities in a group of patients with cirrhosis. METHODS 1098 patients with cirrhosis [Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) class A, 22.2%; CTP class B, 29.2% and CTP class C, 48.6%], with either no ascites or mild ascites controlled on diuretics, and no history of or current overt hepatic encephalopathy were included in the study. RESULTS Poor nighttime sleep and EDS were found in 569 (51.8%) and 489 (44.5%) patients respectively. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with poor nighttime sleep were CTP class C (vs. class A), presence of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), intermediate or evening type of diurnal preference category (vs. morning type), high risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), diuretic use, presence of major depression, and presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Factors associated with EDS on multivariate analysis were CTP class B and C (vs. class A), intermediate or evening type of diurnal preference category (vs. morning type), high risk for OSA, presence of major depression, and presence of GAD. CONCLUSIONS Sleep-wake abnormalities are common in patients with cirrhosis. CTP status, diurnal preference chronotype, risk of OSA, major depression and GAD are associated with both poor nighttime sleep and EDS. MHE and diuretic use are associated with poor nighttime sleep, but not with EDS.
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Key Words
- ACLF, Acute on chronic liver failure
- BQ, Berlin questionnaire
- CFF, Critical flicker frequency
- CLDQ, Chronic liver disease questionnaire
- CSM, Composite scale of morningness
- CTP, Child Turcotte Pugh
- EDS, Excessive daytime sleepiness
- ESS, Epworth sleepiness scale
- GAD, generalized anxiety disorder
- HE, Hepatic encephalopathy
- HRQOL, Health related quality of life
- MHE, Minimal hepatic encephalopathy
- NASH, Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
- OSA, Obstructive sleep apnea
- PHQ, Patient health questionnaire
- PSQI, Pittsburgh sleep quality index
- cirrhosis
- insomnia
- sleep disturbances
- sleep-wake abnormalities
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India,Address for correspondence: Manoj Kumar, MD, DM, Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, D1 Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110070 India.
| | - Sumeet Kainth
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Hemant KumarAggarwal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, New Delhi, India,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil D. Jamwal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
| | - Lovkesh Anand
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Guresh Chibbar
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Liver & Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Barjesh Chander Sharma
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India,Corresponding author.
| | - Shiv K. Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Acute cellular rejection remains a major cause of morbidity after heart transplantation with up to 30% of patients experiencing at least one rejection episode during the first year. Unfortunately, the mechanism underling rejection remains poorly understood and the gold standard for diagnosing rejection remains frequent cardiac biopsy for rejection surveillance – a process that is both invasive and costly.
Purpose
PD-L1 is a co-inhibitory transmembrane protein that interacts with PD-1 on T cells to inhibit T cell activation. Endothelial PD-L1 expression in the heart has been shown in mouse models to play a key role in attenuating immune-mediated cardiac disease like myocarditis. Recent data that anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapy can lead to myocarditis further supports a role for PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in cardiovascular homeostasis. We hypothesize that PD-L1 expression correlates with rejection severity.
Methods
Endomyocardial biopsy from a cohort of 19 heart transplant patients were analyzed for PD-L1 expression using immunohistochemistry and image analysis with HALO software. Each patient had biopsies corresponding to 0R, 1R, and 2R grades of rejection (n=57) and thus each patient served as their own internal control. Detailed clinical data was also collected on these patients from the electronic medical record.
Results
Average PD-L1 levels associated with 0R (n=19), 1R (n=21), and 2R (n=17) rejection were 1.54, 9.15, and 18.90 respectively (P<0.001). In patients who were treated for 2R rejection with increased immunosuppression (n=9), PD-L1 levels decreased from an average of 21.72 before treatment to an average of 5.64 after treatment (P<0.05). A multiple regression was run to see if PD-L1 level was associated with right heart pressures, EKG intervals, echo data, or common lab values. Accounting for age, race, and sex, it was found that PD-L1 was significantly associated with PA pressure (P<0.01, beta = 0.45), PCW pressure (P<0.01, beta = 0.42), and BNP (P<0.01, beta = 0.55).
Conclusions
Upregulation of PD-L1 in the heart is strongly associated with severity of cellular rejection after heart transplantation. Successful treatment of rejection with immunosuppression decreases PD-L1 levels. These data suggest that PD-L1 is a potential biomarker for heart transplant rejection. Further correlation of PD-L1 levels with signs of right heart strain (increased PA and PCW pressure) and systolic dysfunction (BNP) supports a clinical picture of PD-L1 as a useful biomarker for detecting both cellular rejection and reversal of rejection after treatment.
Cohort identification and results
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Institutes of Health grants R56 HL141466 and R01 HL141466
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - W Meijers
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - S Besharati
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Q Zhu
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - J Lindenfeld
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - M Brinkley
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
| | - R Anders
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - J Moslehi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Nashville, United States of America
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Naaz N, Choudhary JS, Choudhary A, Dutta A, Das B. Developmental stage-associated microbiota profile of the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their functional prediction using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding sequencing. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:390. [PMID: 32832340 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The different developmental stage-associated microbiota of the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae), was characterized using 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) metabarcoding on the Illumina HiSeq platform. Taxonomically, at 97% similarity, there were total 16 bacterial phyla, comprising of 24 classes, 55 orders, 90 families and 134 genera. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant phyla with Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidia and Bacilli being the most abundant classes. The bacterial genus Enterobacter was dominant in the larval and adult stages and Pseudomonas in the pupal stage. A total of 2645 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified, out of which 151 OTUs (core microbiota) were common among all the developmental stages of B. zonata. The genus Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Pantoea were dominant among the core microbiota. PICURSt analysis predicted that microbiota associated with B. zonata may be involved in membrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, replication and repair processes as well as in cellular processes and signalling. The microbiota that was shared by all the developmental stages of B. zonata in the present study could be targeted and the foundation for research on microbiota-based management of fruit flies.
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Choudhary A, Martha SC, Chakrabarti A. Modified Method for the Solution of Dual Trigonometric Series Relations. Proc Natl Acad Sci , India, Sect A Phys Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-019-00600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Koyyala V, Jajodia A, Gupta A, Chaturvedhi A, Rao A, Goyal S, Mehta A, Prosch H, Pasricha S, Choudhary A, La Mantia M, BP A, Gupta N, Singh S. P-189 Role of radiomics in clinical prognostication and prediction of survival among a cohort of metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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21
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Taleb I, Wever-Pinzon O, Alharethi R, Overton S, Nativi-Nicolau J, Dranow E, Kemeyou L, Choudhary A, Kfoury A, Caine W, McKellar S, Stehlik J, Fang J, Selzman C, Drakos S, Koliopoulou A. Predicting Right Ventricular Failure in Chronic Heart Failure Patients Receiving Left Ventricular Assist Device. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hamade N, Desai M, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Chalhoub J, Patel M, Duvvuri A, Gorrepati VS, Jegadeesan R, Choudhary A, Sathyamurthy A, Rai T, Gupta N, Sharma P. Efficacy of cryotherapy as first line therapy in patients with Barrett's neoplasia: a systematic review and pooled analysis. Dis Esophagus 2019; 32:5487971. [PMID: 31076753 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cryotherapy has been used as salvage therapy; however, its efficacy as first line treatment in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) neoplasia has not been well studied. The aim of this paper was to perform a systematic review to look at the efficacy of cryotherapy as the primary treatment of BE. An electronic database search was performed (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar) to search for studies with cryotherapy as the initial primary modality of ablation in patients with BE neoplasia. Studies that included patients with other prior forms of therapy were excluded. The primary outcomes were the pooled rates of complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) and CE of neoplasia (CE-N). Secondary outcomes were recurrence rates of neoplasia and intestinal metaplasia (IM) and adverse events. The statistical software OpenMetaAnalyst was used for analysis with pooled estimates reported as proportions (%) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) with heterogeneity (I2) among studies. The search revealed 6 eligible studies with a total of 282 patients (91.5% male, average age 65.3 years) with 459 person years of follow-up. 69.35% [95% CI (52.1%-86.5%)] of patients achieved CE-IM and 97.9% (95% CI: 95.5%-100%) had CE-N. 7.3% of patients had persistent dysplasia with 4% progressing to cancer. The recurrence rate of neoplasia was 10.4 and that of IM was 19.1 per 100 patient years of follow-up. The overall rate of stricture formation was 4.9%. There are scarce data on the use of cryotherapy as the primary modality for the treatment of BE dysplasia. The published data demonstrate efficacy rates of 69% and 98% for complete eradication of metaplasia and neoplasia, respectively. These results need to be assessed in prospective, comparative trials with other forms of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Desai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - V Thoguluva Chandrasekar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - J Chalhoub
- Division of gastroenterology, baystate medical center
| | - M Patel
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology
| | | | - V S Gorrepati
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
| | | | - A Choudhary
- Division of gastroenterology, kansas city veteran's affair medical center
| | - A Sathyamurthy
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
| | - T Rai
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
| | - N Gupta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - P Sharma
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovkesh Anand
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), New Delhi, India
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Sharma MK, Kainth S, Kumar S, Bhardwaj A, Agarwal HK, Maiwall R, Jamwal KD, Shasthry SM, Jindal A, Choudhary A, Anand L, Dhamija RM, Kumar G, Sharma BC, Sarin SK. Effects of zolpidem on sleep parameters in patients with cirrhosis and sleep disturbances: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Mol Hepatol 2019; 25:199-209. [PMID: 30856689 PMCID: PMC6589852 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2018.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims The aim of this study was to study the efficacy and safety of zolpidem for sleep disturbances in patients with cirrhosis. Methods Fifty-two Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A or B cirrhotics with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index >5 were randomized to either zolpidem 5 mg daily (n=26) or placebo (n=26) for 4 weeks. Results The therapy of 4 weeks was completed by 23 patients receiving zolpidem (3 stopped treatment due to excessive daytime drowsiness) and 24 receiving placebo (2 refused to continue the study). In the zolpidem group, after 4 weeks of therapy, there was significant increase in total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency compared to baseline and improvement in polysomnographic parameters of sleep initiation and maintenance (i.e., decrease in sleep latency time, decrease in wake time, and decreases in number of arousals and periodic limbs movements per hour of sleep), without any significant change in sleep architecture. Conclusions Four weeks of 5 mg daily zolpidem in CTP class A or B cirrhosis patients with insomnia led to significant increases in TST and sleep efficiency and improvement in polysomnographic parameters of sleep initiation and maintenance without any significant change in sleep architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumeet Kainth
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankit Bhardwaj
- Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hemant Kumar Agarwal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Dev Jamwal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Lovkesh Anand
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajender Mal Dhamija
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Barjesh Chander Sharma
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Sukriti S, Maras JS, Bihari C, Das S, Vyas AK, Sharma S, Hussain S, Shasthry S, Choudhary A, Premkumar M, Kumar D, Kumar G, Mukhopadhyay C, Kumar A, Trehanpati N, Rautou PE, Moreau R, Sarin SK. Microvesicles in hepatic and peripheral vein can predict nonresponse to corticosteroid therapy in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1151-1161. [PMID: 29460445 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcoholic hepatitis patients have high mortality and limited response to corticosteroids. Microvesicles reflect cellular stress and disease conditions. AIMS To investigate whether microvesicles are associated with severity, response to steroid therapy and inflammation in severe alcoholic hepatitis. METHODS Microvesicles originating from different cells were studied pre-therapy in 101 patients; (71 responder to corticosteroid therapy and 30 nonresponders) and 20 healthy controls. Microvesicles and cells were determined in peripheral and hepatic vein samples using flow cytometry and correlated with outcomes. Inflammatory signalling pathways and functional alterations of immune cells after stimulation with microvesicles were also investigated. RESULTS Microvesicles mean levels were higher in nonresponders for T cells (CD3+ CD4+ ; 10.1 MV/μL vs 5.4; P = 0.06), macrophages (CD68+ CD11b+ ; 136.5 vs 121.9 MV/μL; P = 0.01), haematopoietic stem-cells (CD45+ CD34+ ; 116.8 vs 13.4 MV/μL; P = 0.0001) and hepatocytes (ASGPR+ ; 470 vs 361 MV/μL; P = 0.01); the latter two predicting steroid nonresponse in 94% patients at baseline in peripheral plasma. Microvesicle levels correlated with histological and liver disease severity indices. Whereas, in non-responders hepatic vein CD34+ cells were lower (P = 0.02), the CD34+ microvesicles there from were higher (P = 0.04), thus suggesting impaired regeneration. Also, microvesicles of 0.2-0.4 μm size were higher in nonresponders (P < 0.03) at baseline. Microvesicles from patients trigger more (P = 0.04) ROS generation, TNF-α production (P = 0.04) and up-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokine related genes in neutrophils in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Pre-therapy peripheral plasma levels of CD34+ and ASGPR+ microvesicles are reliable non-invasive markers of steroid nonresponse and mortality in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sukriti
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - J S Maras
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - C Bihari
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Das
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A K Vyas
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Hussain
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - S Shasthry
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - M Premkumar
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - D Kumar
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - G Kumar
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - C Mukhopadhyay
- Special center for molecular medicine, JNU, Delhi, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - N Trehanpati
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - P E Rautou
- Department of Hepatology, Hopital Beaujon, INSERM U970, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - R Moreau
- Center for Research on Inflammation, Xavier Bichat School of Medicine, INSERM U1149, Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - S K Sarin
- Department of Molecular and cellular medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India.,Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, Delhi, India
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Kasozi R, Choudhary A, Andrus K, Wong R, Randall R, Orovets C, Bali G, Karapetyan L, Gibson M, Fu P, Sloan J. Use of Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Tube Feeding Support in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.12.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sharick JT, Walsh AJ, Sanders ME, Kelley MC, Meszoely IM, Hooks MA, Burkard ME, Esbona K, Choudhary A, Skala MC. Abstract P5-01-01: Personalized neoadjuvant treatment planning using optical metabolic imaging. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-01-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Currently, there are no reliable methods to optimize treatment regimens for individual breast cancer patients. Oncologists choose drug treatments based on expression levels of tumor cell signaling receptors (i.e. HER2, ER, PR) and other factors, and assess whether the treatment is effective after significant time has passed. Unfortunately, over one third of patients exhibit resistance to their initial treatment, increasing their risk of future metastasis and death. Morbidities from sub-optimal drug regimens could be reduced with a personalized drug screen for breast cancer at the time of diagnosis. With the vast number of therapeutic options available to patients (>50 drugs approved with more on the way), a high-throughput screening technology is needed to accurately evaluate how a patient will respond to these options.
Here we present Optical Metabolic Imaging (OMI) of tumor-derived organoids as a predictive drug screening platform for individual breast cancer patients. Changes in cell metabolism precede changes in tumor volume and thus present an earlier marker of treatment response. OMI is sensitive to these early changes by exploiting the intrinsic fluorescent properties of NAD(P)H and FAD, coenzymes of metabolic reactions. OMI endpoints include the optical redox ratio (the fluorescence intensity of NAD(P)H divided by the fluorescence intensity of FAD), as well as the fluorescence lifetimes of NAD(P)H and FAD. The redox ratio reflects the cellular redox balance, and the fluorescence lifetimes report on the binding activity of these coenzymes. OMI has the unique ability to non-invasively monitor metabolism in living, intact samples on the single-cell level, and can thus quantify heterogeneity in drug response. Changes were quantified at the single-cell level using the OMI Index, a linear combination of the optical redox ratio and the mean NAD(P)H and FAD fluorescence lifetimes. This index was derived using a multivariate analysis of variance and has been shown previously to correlate with treatment response in human cancer cells. OMI also allows for high-throughput screening of potential cancer drugs and drug combinations on patient biopsy samples cultured ex vivo. These samples are grown as organoids in a 3D matrix that mimics the natural tumor environment.
Organoids were successfully generated from core needle biopsies of untreated breast tumors. These organoids were treated with the patient's prescribed neoadjuvant therapy, and early metabolic changes were quantified using OMI. Organoids grew from a variety of untreated breast tumor subtypes, and early metabolic changes could be resolved at the single-cell level after only 24 hours of treatment in vitro. In parallel, each patient's Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) score was quantified by a surgical pathologist after neoadjuvant treatment and served as gold standard validation of tumor drug response. Results from an early cohort of patients suggest that OMI could be used to predict patient clinical response to therapy. A linear combination of OMI variables measured in vitro in only 48 hours correlated strongly with patient RCB score (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.97, n=5). This methodology could allow oncologists to determine the ideal treatment regimen for their patients at the time of diagnosis.
Citation Format: Sharick JT, Walsh AJ, Sanders ME, Kelley MC, Meszoely IM, Hooks MA, Burkard ME, Esbona K, Choudhary A, Skala MC. Personalized neoadjuvant treatment planning using optical metabolic imaging [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- JT Sharick
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - AJ Walsh
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - ME Sanders
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - MC Kelley
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - IM Meszoely
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - MA Hooks
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - ME Burkard
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - K Esbona
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - A Choudhary
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
| | - MC Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI; Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI
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Bhardwaj A, Kedarisetty CK, Vashishtha C, Bhadoria AS, Jindal A, Kumar G, Choudhary A, Shasthry SM, Maiwall R, Kumar M, Bhatia V, Sarin SK. Carvedilol delays the progression of small oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Gut 2017; 66:1838-1843. [PMID: 27298379 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-311735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Carvedilol is effective in the primary prophylaxis for large oesophageal varices. We investigated its use in preventing progression of small to large oesophageal varices. METHODS Consecutive cirrhotics with small oesophageal varices were prospectively randomised to either carvedilol (n=70) or placebo (n=70) and followed up for a minimum of 24 months. Endoscopy was done at baseline and six monthly intervals. Hepatic vein pressure gradient (HVPG) was measured at baseline and at 12 months. The primary endpoint was development of large varices. RESULTS Baseline characteristics in two groups were comparable. The predominant aetiology of cirrhosis was non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both the groups. The mean dose of carvedilol administered was 12±1.67 mg/day and the target heart rate achieved was 58±3 bpm. A higher proportion of patients in carvedilol group had non-progression to large varices than placebo (79.4% vs 61.4%; p=0.04); the mean time of non-progression to large varices was 20.8 months (95% CI 19.4 to 22.4) in carvedilol group and 18.7 months (95% CI 17.1 to 20.4) in placebo group (p=0.04). There was a modest reduction of HVPG at 1 year in carvedilol group (-8.64%) compared with placebo (+0.33%) (p=0.22). None of the patients in either group died of variceal bleeding or liver-related causes. No major adverse events were observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS Carvedilol is safe and effective in delaying the progression of small to large oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01196507; post-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Bhardwaj
- Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Kedarisetty
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Chitranshu Vashishtha
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ajeet Singh Bhadoria
- Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - S M Shasthry
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vikram Bhatia
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Sarin
- Hepatic Hemodynamic Laboratory, Departments of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Philips CA, Pande A, Shasthry SM, Jamwal KD, Khillan V, Chandel SS, Kumar G, Sharma MK, Maiwall R, Jindal A, Choudhary A, Hussain MS, Sharma S, Sarin SK. Healthy Donor Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Steroid-Ineligible Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis: A Pilot Study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 15:600-602. [PMID: 27816755 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cyriac Abby Philips
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Apurva Pande
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Murali Shasthry
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kapil Dev Jamwal
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Khillan
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shivendra Singh Chandel
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Guresh Kumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj K Sharma
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Maiwall
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Shabbir Hussain
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shvetank Sharma
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiv K Sarin
- Department of Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India; Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Choudhary A, Mazumder R, Bhattacharyya S, Chaudhuri P. Synthesis and Characterization of Li4SiO4 Ceramics from Rice Husk Ash by a Solution-Combustion Method. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Choudhary
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - R. Mazumder
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - S. Bhattacharyya
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P. Chaudhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, TBM Division, Bhat, Gandhinagar-382428, India
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Sahu BS, Adhikari P, Gorinta J, Choudhary A, Mazumder R, Bhattacharyya S, Chaudhuri P. Fabrication and Characterization of Li 2TiO 3 Pebbles by an Extrusion and Spherodization Technique for the Test Blanket Module in a Fusion Reactor. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst13-671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. S. Sahu
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P. Adhikari
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - J. Gorinta
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - A. Choudhary
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - R. Mazumder
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - S. Bhattacharyya
- National Institute of Technology, Department of Ceramic Engineering, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - P. Chaudhuri
- Institute for Plasma Research, TBM Division, Bhat, Gandhinagar-382428, India
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Choudhary A, Parashar V, Gupta P, Agarwal K. Anaesthetic management of intracranial aneurysm in patient with coarctation of aorta. Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Choudhary
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - V. Parashar
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - P. Gupta
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - K. Agarwal
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Cum Medical Research Institute, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Rajak MK, Thakur R, Choudhary A, Bhaduri I, Kumar S. Titanium elastic nailing in femoral diaphyseal fractures in children of 6-14 years age. Acta Orthop Belg 2016; 82:883-888. [PMID: 29182134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally conservative methods were used in managing paediatric femoral diaphyseal fractures. There has been a renewed interest for operative treatment with Titanium elastic nail system (TENS) in the age group of 6-14 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study was done on 20 patients. Two titanium nails were used for stabilization. We followed them for maximum of two years. The results were evaluated using Flynn's scoring criteria. RESULTS In our study we had fifteen males and five females with average age 10.35 years. Average time for fracture union was 9.0 weeks, full weight bearing 9.2 weeks, hospital stay 8.6 days and return to school at 10 weeks. The results were excellent in 14, good in 5 and poor in 1 patient. Most common complication was irritation at nail entry site. No delayed union or nonunion seen. CONCLUSION Treatment of diaphyseal femoral fracture in selected pediatric patients by TENS is reasonably effective.
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Rampurwala MM, Choudhary A, Burkard ME. Abstract P6-13-16: Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) potentiates alisertib (MLN8237) activity in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p6-13-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction and Background: An estimated 234,190 new cases of invasive breast cancer will be diagnosed in 2015 with 40,730 deaths (American Cancer Society, 2015). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has an overall poor prognosis due to aggressive and early pattern of metastasis and a relative lack of therapeutic targets. Chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment albeit with a dismal response rate (∼25%) to monotherapy. Synergism between two drugs could provide a key advance to enhance effectiveness, decrease resistance and reduce toxicities. Here we focused on discovery of synergism of antiproliferative agents given TNBC is highly proliferative.
Experimental Methods: We assembled a library of antiproliferative agents with unique mechanisms and targets that have subtly different effects on cancer cell proliferation. We performed a novel synergy screen testing 105 unique two-drug combinations in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. Our screen was designed to distinguish between synergism and additivity through presence of an internal control and performed in sufficient replicates to identify changes in viability exceeding 5%. We validated hits through Chou Talalay Combination Index (CI), xenograft and mechanistic analyses.
Results: We discovered strong synergy between Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) and Alisertib (MLN8237). Ropidoxuridine is an orally bioavailable pro-drug of IUdR (5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine), with an improved therapeutic index and with promising activity as a radiosensitizer, although it lacks single agent activity. Alisertib is an inhibitor of Aurora A kinase and acts by impairing assembly of a bipolar mitotic spindle, thereby activating the spindle assembly checkpoint leading to cancer cell death. Alisertib has demonstrated activity in breast cancer with a response rate of 18% in heavily pretreated patients (Melichar B et.al. Lancet Oncol 16:395-405, 2015). First, Ropidoxuridine and Alisertib combination was validated in cell culture using CI analysis with a mean CI of 0.14; range 0.01-0.67 suggesting strong synergism. A separately performed Live Dead Cell Assay also confirmed synergism (mean CI of 0.79; range: 0.53-1.76) suggesting enhanced anti-proliferative activity of Alisertib in presence of Ropidoxuridine. To assess generalizability, this combination was validated in two other TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-468 and CAL-51. To confirm our hypothesis that in vitro activity of Ropidoxuridine is from its metabolism to IUdR in cancer cells, we demonstrated strong synergy of IUdR and Alisertib (mean CI of 0.12; range 0.01-0.74) at clinically relevant concentrations. To validate synergy in an orthotopic tumor model, Ropidoxuridine and Alisertib single agents and in combination were tested in mice treated with Ropidoxuridine (750 mg/kg/day) and Alisertib (30 mg/kg/day) by gavage. This in vivo model also demonstrated strong synergism. Mechanistically, Ropidoxuridine and IUdR enhance G2/M arrest in response to Alisertib, allowing low dose exposures of Alisertib to be effective.
Conclusions and Future Directions: This study identifies and validates a novel synergy between Ropidoxuridine and Alisertib with a potential for significant clinical implications. We propose evaluating this synergistic drug combination in an early phase clinical trial.
Citation Format: Rampurwala MM, Choudhary A, Burkard ME. Ropidoxuridine (IPdR) potentiates alisertib (MLN8237) activity in triple-negative breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-13-16.
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Affiliation(s)
- MM Rampurwala
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - A Choudhary
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | - ME Burkard
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI
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Pahadiya HR, Lakhotia M, Gandhi R, Choudhary A. Nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure as a presenting symptom of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Indian J Nephrol 2016; 26:62-3. [PMID: 26937086 PMCID: PMC4753749 DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.168478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Choudhary A, Pati SK, Patro RK, Deorari AK, Dar L. Comparison of conventional, immunological and molecular techniques for the diagnosis of symptomatic congenital human cytomegalovirus infection in neonates and infants. Indian J Med Microbiol 2015; 33 Suppl:15-9. [PMID: 25657137 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.150874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the commonest pathogen causing congenital infection globally. The diagnosis of congenital infection is based either on viral isolation (in cell culture) or demonstration of HCMV DNA from the urine. Saliva is also being used as an alternative sample to urine for the same. The objective of this study was to compare the following assays-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from urine, saliva and blood, serology (anti-HCMV IgM) and antigen detection (HCMV pp65 antigenaemia) for the diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection. MATERIALS AND METHODS Urine and blood samples were collected from 31 infants (median age: 13 weeks) with suspected HCMV infection. For 18 infants, additional saliva samples were collected and all the above assays were compared. RESULTS PCR for HCMV DNA from urine and anti-HCMV IgM were performed for all 31 infants. Of these, 22 (70.9%) were positive for both assays. In 18 (of the 22) infants positive by both assays, PCR for HCMV DNA from saliva was positive in all 18 (100%), PCR from blood in 7/18 (38.8%) and HCMV pp65 antigenaemia only in 1/18 (5.5%) of the infants. CONCLUSION Detection of HCMV DNA in urine combined with anti-HCMV IgM are suitable assays to diagnose HCMV infection in infants. Both PCR from the blood and HCMV pp65 antigenaemia lack sensitivity in infants. Salivary PCR combines convenience with high sensitivity and can substitute PCR from urine, especially in the outpatient and field settings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study from India to evaluate salivary PCR for the diagnosis of congenital HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - L Dar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Venkateswara Prasad U, Vasu D, Yeswanth S, Swarupa V, Sunitha MM, Choudhary A, Sarma PVGK. Phosphorylation controls the functioning ofStaphylococcus aureusisocitrate dehydrogenase – favours biofilm formation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 30:655-61. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2014.959945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dar L, Choudhary A. Ebola virus re-emergence: is it really knocking at our door? Indian J Med Microbiol 2014; 32:363. [PMID: 25297017 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.142229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Dar
- Department of Microbiology (LD, AC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Chaudhry R, Das A, Premlatha M, Choudhary A, Chaurasia B, Chandel D, Dey A. Authors' response. Indian J Med Res 2013; 138:274. [PMID: 24187714 PMCID: PMC3788218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India,For correspondence:
| | - A. Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - M.M. Premlatha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - A. Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - B.K. Chaurasia
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - D.S. Chandel
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
| | - A.B. Dey
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India
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Purwar M, Kunnawar N, Deshmukh S, Singh A, Mulik I, Taori V, Tayade K, Mahorkar C, Somani A, Saboo K, Choudhary A, Shembekar C, Choudhary S, Ketkar M, Knight HE, Blakey I, Cheikh Ismail L. Implementation of the INTERGROWTH-21st Project in India. BJOG 2013; 120 Suppl 2:94-9, v. [PMID: 23678993 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The South Asian site in the INTERGROWTH-21(st) Project was the city of Nagpur, in Maharashtra State, India, with approximately 4500 births per year among the target population with middle to high socio-economic status. These deliveries are mainly concentrated in 20 small private hospitals, most of which are in the city centre. The sample for the Newborn Cross-Sectional Study (NCSS) was drawn from ten of these hospitals, covering 76% of the target low-risk pregnant population. The Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study (FGLS) sample was recruited from the largest of these institutions, Ketkar Hospital, as well as several ancillary antenatal care clinics. Special activities to encourage participation and raise awareness of the study at this site included translating patient information leaflets into local languages and securing local media interest. Among the unique challenges of the Indian site was the coordination of the large number of hospitals involved in NCSS, a task that required careful planning and organisation by the field teams.
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Chaudhry R, Das A, Premlatha M, Choudhary A, Chourasia B, Chandel D, Dey A. Serological & molecular approaches for diagnosis of leptospirosis in a tertiary care hospital in north India: a 10-year study. Indian J Med Res 2013; 137:785-90. [PMID: 23703348 PMCID: PMC3724261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Leptospirosis, a spirochetal zoonosis, is underreported from the northern States of India. This study reports results of a 10-year retrospective sero-epidemiological survey of leptospirosis conducted in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India. METHOD A total of 1453 patients clinically suspected for leptospirosis were included and investigated initially by IgM ELISA. A proportion of these were subjected to culture, microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Of the 1453 patients, 391 (26.90%) were positive serologically by IgM ELISA. Seropositive and seronegative patients revealed no significant difference in clinical features and laboratory parameters. Amongst the IgM seropositive cases, culture for leptospires was positive in 5 of 192 (2.6%), MAT in 50 of 138 (36.23%), PCR from blood and urine in 10 of 115 (8.7%) and 10 of 38 (26.31%) cases, respectively. In Leptospira spp. positive patients co-infections with viral hepatitis E, malaria and dengue fever were diagnosed in 27 cases. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS The overall seropositivity for leptospirosis was 26.9 per cent in our study. A decreasing trend in seropositivity was observed in recent years. Co-infections with malaria, dengue, hepatitis A and E were also seen. Since leptospirosis is a treatable disease, correct and rapid diagnosis may help in effective management of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Chaudhry
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India,Reprint requests: Dr Rama Chaudhry, Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India e-mail: ,
| | - A. Das
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M.M. Premlatha
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A. Choudhary
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - B.K. Chourasia
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - D.S. Chandel
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - A.B. Dey
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Choudhary A, Lagatsky AA, Kannan P, Sibbett W, Brown CTA, Shepherd DP. Diode-pumped femtosecond solid-state waveguide laser with a 4.9 GHz pulse repetition rate. Opt Lett 2012; 37:4416-4418. [PMID: 23114314 DOI: 10.1364/ol.37.004416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first demonstration of a passively mode-locked, diode-pumped, monolithic Yb:glass channel waveguide laser that incorporates a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror. Stable and self-starting mode-locking is achieved in a Fabry-Perot cavity configuration producing a pulse repetition rate up to 4.9 GHz. The shortest pulse duration of 740 fs is generated with 30 mW of average output power at a center wavelength of 1058 nm. A maximum output power of 81 mW is produced during mode-locking with corresponding pulse duration of 800 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Choudhary
- Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, UK
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Gupta E, Kumar A, Choudhary A, Kumar M, Sarin SK. Serum hepatitis B surface antigen levels correlate with high serum HBV DNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B: a cross-sectional study. Indian J Med Microbiol 2012; 30:150-4. [PMID: 22664428 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.96664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The hallmark of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity for at least 6 months. Recently, serum levels of HBsAg have been compared with serum HBV DNA as a surrogate marker to monitor CHB patients. However, data correlating these two markers are scarce. Hence, the present study was done to correlate HBV DNA with HBsAg in CHB patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Consecutive patients of CHB were included. HBV DNA was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum HBsAg was measured by Architect HBsAg. RESULTS Of the 198 patients enrolled, 166 fulfilled the inclusion criteria (mean age 43 ± 14 years, 87% males) and the median HBV DNA was 1.7 × 10 3 (range 6.0-1.1 × 10 8 ) IU/ml. Median HBsAg was 8.7 × 10 3 (range 5.0-3.2 × 10 5) IU/ml. Overall correlation between HBV DNA and HBsAg was weak but significant (Spearman ρ = 0.443, P < 0.01). Correlation in HBe antigen-positive group was better (ρ = 0.402, P < 0.01) in comparison to HBe antigen-negative group (ρ = 0.193 P = 0.05). Good correlation existed in treatment-naïve group (ρ = 0.538, P < 0.01) .Correlation was regardless of normal or raised alanine transaminase (ALT). Eighty (48%) patients had high HBV DNA (≥ 2000 IU/ml). Correlation in high DNA group was significant (P < 0.01). The best cut-off of HBsAg for diagnosing high DNA is 3.36 ×10 3 IU/ml. CONCLUSIONS Serum HBsAg correlates with HBV DNA in CHB patients, especially in high serum HBV DNA, HBe antigen-positive and treatment-naïve group. HBsAg levels can be used for predicting high serum HBV DNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gupta
- Department of Virology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences (ILBS), Vasant Kunj, New Delhi - 110 070, India
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Kumar S, Nigam A, Choudhary A, Tadakamadla J, Tibdewal H, Duraiswamy P, Kulkarni S. Influence of lifestyle on oral health behavior among rural residents of Udaipur district, India. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2011; 16:e828-33. [DOI: 10.4317/medoral.17062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Gandhi D, Huang J, Choudhary A, Kathuria S. E-051 Upper cervical spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae: an under recognized entity? J Neurointerv Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnis.2010.003251.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Singh G, Choudhary A, Prakash GV, Biradar AM. Anisotropic behavior of water in ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:051707. [PMID: 20866247 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.051707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The outcome of water addition in ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) has been investigated in uniform and defect-free homogeneous and homeotropically aligned monodomain sample cells from electro-optical and dielectric spectroscopic measurements. The lagging in optical response between nonconducting (spatially variable switching) and conducting (conventional switching) portions of water added FLC sample cell has been observed by frequency-dependent electro-optical studies. The bias-dependent water related new relaxation peak near the conventional Goldstone mode relaxation process has been observed only in the homogeneous alignment and not in the homeotropic one. Further, the significant increment in dielectric anisotropy as well as faster diffusion of water along long molecular axis than short molecular axis has also been monitored. These studies strongly suggest that the distribution of water is anisotropic in FLC medium and could be the reason for new relaxation peak in the water added FLC sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Singh
- Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110016, India
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Bechtold
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
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Prakash J, Choudhary A, Mehta DS, Biradar AM. Effect of carbon nanotubes on response time of ferroelectric liquid crystals. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2009; 80:012701. [PMID: 19658752 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.80.012701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of the fast electro-optic response of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-doped deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal (DHFLC). The fastening of the response in MWCNTs-doped DHFLC has been attributed to the decrease in rotational viscosity and increase in anchoring energy. The decrease in the former is due to the experience of the torque both by MWCNTs and DHFLC and perturbation of order parameter of the DHFLC while the increase in the latter is due to the pi-pi electrons stacking between the MWCNTs, DHFLC molecules, and alignment layers. The increase in conductance in doped cells has also been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Prakash
- Instrument Design and Development Center, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
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Dhillon RS, Choudhary A, Chou J. HS07�COMPARISON OF BETADINE PAINT AND PLASTIC BAG IMMERSION TECHNIQUES FOR SURGICAL SITE SKIN PREPARATION IN HAND SURGERY. ANZ J Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2009.04918_7.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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