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Samborski RW, Ridgway ND, Vance DE. Metabolism of molecular species of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine in rat hepatocytes during prolonged inhibition of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. J Lipid Res 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41326-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Audubert F, Breton M, Colard O, Bereziat G. Differential methylation patterns in molecular species of phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives in rat liver membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1989; 1002:62-8. [PMID: 2923866 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(89)90064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of individual molecular species of phospholipids in the complete sequence of the transmethylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) was examined in rat liver microsomes incubated with S-adenosyl-L-[methyl-14C]methionine. Reverse-phase HPLC analysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidyl-N,N-dimethylethanolamine (dimethyl-PE), or phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (monomethyl-PE) showed that radioactivity was present in the same six principal molecules; a first group is constituted by 16:0/22:6, 16:0/20:4 and 16:0/18:2 and a second one by the homologous molecules with 18:0 instead of 16:0 at the sn-1 position of glycerol. In PC, 16:0/22:6 (23% of total radioactivity) was preponderant, and 18:0/20:4 was the lowest. The ratios cpm in PC/nmol in PE were in the order: 16:0/22:6 greater than 16:0/18:2 greater than 16:0/20:4 followed by the corresponding 18:0 molecules. On the other hand, in intermediate phospholipids, incorporation of methyl groups was most marked in 18:0/20:4 (24-27% of total). 16:0/22:6 and 16:0/18:2 were low in comparison to their relative values in PC. The ratio (18:0/20:4)/(16:0/22:6) was 4.5-5.6-times higher in monomethyl-PE and dimethyl-PE than in PC. These differences were found consistently, regardless of incubation time of microsomes (2.5-60 min) and of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) concentration (3 or 100 microM). In liver membranes, it would therefore seem that there is a different selectivity in methyl group transfer, depending upon whether the first two steps or the third step of the reaction are considered. Side reactions, such as deacylation/reacylation, are unlikely to account for this difference, which could rather be related to the enzyme itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Audubert
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, U.R.A. 217 du C.N.R.S., Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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Specificity of rat hepatic phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase for molecular species of diacyl phosphatidylethanolamine. J Biol Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)37470-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Benevenga NJ. Evidence for alternative pathways of methionine catabolism. ADVANCES IN NUTRITIONAL RESEARCH 1984; 6:1-18. [PMID: 6209965 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-2801-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Boyle DM, Dean WL. Alteration of phospholipid composition of mouse liver microsomes in vivo and the effect on membrane properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1982; 688:667-70. [PMID: 7104343 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(82)90378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Administration of the methylation inhibitor periodate-oxidized adenosine to male Swiss-Webster mice on a choline-deficient diet produced a decrease (17%) in phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidylethanolamine ratios compared to saline-injected controls in liver, and also in kidney (11%), but not in muscle microsome preparations. Both intact liver microsomes and reconstituted membranes from lipid extracts showed a higher fluorescence anisotropy of the hydrophobic probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene than control samples in the temperature range of 20-31 degrees C.
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Friedman HI, Caldwell MD, Lollini L, Shearer J, Nemeth TJ. Effects of essential fatty acid deficiency on the induction of liver microsomal membranes by phenobarbital: an ultrastructural and biochemical investigation. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 1982; 6:12-9. [PMID: 7200537 DOI: 10.1177/014860718200600112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The essential fatty acids, particularly arachidonic, are important components of intracellular membrane systems. Their absence during dietary manipulation has been postulated to cause alterations in both composition and function of membranes and associated enzyme systems. In the current investigation, the effect of essential fatty acid deficiency on the induction of hepatic microsomal membranes my phenobarbital was studied. Control rats were fed a standard chow diet and either injected daily for 4 days with phenobarbital or with a placebo. Experimental animals were given an essential fatty acid-deficient (EFAD) diet and similarly injected with either phenobarbital or placebo. Following the above regimens, liver tissue was obtained for electron microscopy and biochemical membrane analysis. Control animals given phenobarbital displayed a marked proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in comparison to placebo controls. In contrast, EFAD rats did not exhibit an endoplasmic reticulum response to phenobarbital injection and appeared to recover from the drug administration injection more slowly than control animals. The alterations in fatty acid composition characteristic of an EFAD diet were observed in the microsomal membranes of the deficient animals. The concentrations of palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, and 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acids were significantly increased above that found in control animals. Concentrations of linoleic and arachidonic acids were reduced. Phenobarbital administration significantly increased the concentrations of palmitic, linoleic, and arachidonic acids in microsomal fractions of chow-fed animals but not in EFAD animals. Conversely, eicosatrienoic acid concentrations increased in phenobarbital-treated EFAD animals but not in chow-fed, drug-injected rats. The triene/tetraene ratio reflected these alterations. Essential fatty acid deficiency causes biochemical alterations of the hepatic microsomal membranes which are exaggerated by the administration of phenobarbital. These compositional changes appear to alter the functional ability of the membranes to proliferate in response to phenobarbital and, thereby, inhibit the efficaceous metabolism of this drug.
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Holub BJ, Kuksis A. Metabolism of molecular species of diacylglycerophospholipids. ADVANCES IN LIPID RESEARCH 1978; 16:1-125. [PMID: 362863 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024916-9.50007-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Waring AJ, Breidenbach RW, Lyons JM. In vivo modification of plant membrane phospholipid composition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 443:157-68. [PMID: 953014 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90499-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tomato seedlings treated with ethanolamine showed altered phospholipid composition. The changes included altered acyl chain composition as well as changes in the relative amounts of the phospholipid classes. Specifically, there was an increase in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine with a concomitant decrease in phosphatidylcholine and no overall increase in phospholipids. Treatment with ethanolamine increased the relative amount of C18 acyl chains (especially 18 : 2) in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine at the expense of 16 : 0 and 16 : 1. Acyl composition of other phospholipid classes were unchanged. Labeled ethanolamine was incorporated mostly into phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. Ethanolamine-stimulated incorporation of labeled oleate was entirely into acyl chains and appeared only as 18 : 1 and 18 : 2. There was greater incorporation, but less conversion of 18 : 1 to 18 : 2 with choline. Stearate was incorporated but desaturated.
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Macdonald G, Thompson W. Different selectivities in acylation and methylation pathways of phosphatidylcholine formation in guinea pig and rat livers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 398:424-32. [PMID: 1174524 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(75)90193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Radioactivity from intraperitoneally or intraportally injected 1-acyl-snglycero-3-phosphorylcholine, doubly labelled in either palmitoyl, glycerol or phosphoryl moities, was incorporated largely into disaturated or mixed disaturated-oligoenoic fractions of phosphatidylcholine in guinea pig liver. In rat liver the tetraenoic class was the most highly labelled and only very low radioactivity was recovered from disaturated or monoenoic species. The methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine, as judged by the incorporation of intraperitoneally injected L-[Me-14 C] methionine, involved selectively tetraenoic and polyenoic (greater than 4 double bonds) classes in rat liver. In guinea pig liver, methylation activity was much lower and led to the formation principally of dienoic classes of phosphatidylcholine. These experiments confirm the work of others that in rat liver, which has a high level of polyunsaturated classes of phosphatidylcholine, the "indirect" pathways of synthesis give rise chiefly to these classes. However, the priorties in guinea pig liver are different, since the levels of polyunsaturated classes are much lower, and although the "indirect" pathways of synthesis are operative they are directed mainly toward the formation of more saturated classes.
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Oldenborg V, Van Vugt F, Van Golde LM. Composition and metabolism of phospholipids of Fasciola hepatics, the common liver fluke. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 398:101-10. [PMID: 1148265 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(75)90173-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The phospholipid composition of Fasciola hepatica, the common liver fluke, was compared to that of the liver of the host animals (rats and cattle). Considerable differences were found:monoacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine, hardly detectable in the liver, was found in significant amounts in the parasite. On the other hand, sphingomyelin, a normal constituent in the liver, appears to be absent in the liver fluke. Fasciola hepatica isolated from rat and cow liver had a strikingly similar phospholipid composition. 2. Qualitative and quantitative differences were also found between the fatty acyl constituents of the phospholipids of the parasite and the liver. The major difference was the presence of eicosaenoic and eicosadienoic acids in the parasite, whereas these acids were not detected in the liver. 3. In vitro incubations of Fasciola hepatica in the presence of (32P)phosphate and (2-3H)glycerol resulted in the labelling of all phospholipids of the parasite, except that the 3H label did not incorporate into ethanolamine plasmalogen. This is in agreement with the concept that in animals, glycerol is introduced into plasmalogens via dihydroxyacetonephosphate. 4. Homogenates of liver flukes were found to catalyze the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine from 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols and CDPcholine. 5. These results strongly suggest that Fasciola hepatica is capable of synthesizing at least part of its fatty acids and phospholipids.
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Lyman RL, Giotas C, Medwadowski B, Miljanich P. Effect of low methionine, choline deficient diets upon major unsaturated phosphatidyl choline fractions of rat liver and plasma. Lipids 1975; 10:157-67. [PMID: 1128170 DOI: 10.1007/bf02534154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
To see how the metabolism of specific phosphatidyl choline fractions might be affected when only a limited source of methyl groups was available, rats were fed for 7 days a low methionine, choline-deficient diet or one supplemented with either choline or methionine. Prior to killing, they were injected with -14C-methyl methionine and liver and plasma phosphatidyl choline isolated and separated by argentation chromatography into 3 major unsaturated fractions. Fatty acid composition and radioactivity of the fractions were determined. Deficient rats had reduced total liver phosphatidyl choline when compared with the supplemented groups, but the proportions of 20:4 and 22:6 fatty acids in the total phosphatidyl choline were unchanged. Plasma phosphatidyl choline also was reduced sharply by the deficiency, as was its proportion of 20:4 fatty acid. Specific activities of the liver 22:6, 20:4, and 18:2 phosphatidyl choline fractions showed that deficient rats had less radioactivity in their 20:4 and 18:2 phosphatidyl choline than did the supplemented animals. Plasma phosphatidyl choline fractions presented a similar pattern. Feeding methionine or choline nearly doubled radioactive methyl group incorporation into the 20:4 phosphatidyl choline fraction of liver and plasma, while incorporation into the 22:6 phosphatidyl choline was reduced or unchanged. The results suggested that, in the rat, limited availability of methyl groups altered the metabolism of liver and plasma phosphatidyl choline fractions. Methionine, as a source of labile methyl groups, appears necessary for the normal synthesis of certain unsaturated phosphatidyl choline fractions (particularly 20:4 phosphatidyl choline). Transmethylation of phosphatidyl ethanolamine molecular species to the corresponding phosphatidyl choline species may be an important reaction in normal lipid metabolism and transport. Relative affinities for incorporation of the labeled methyl groups into the phosphatidyl choline fractions of either deficient or supplemented rats were: 22:6 less than 20:4 less than 18:2.
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van Golde LM, Raben J, Batenburg JJ, Fleischer B, Zambrano F, Fleischer S. Biosynthesis of lipids in Golgi complex and other subcellular fractions from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 360:179-92. [PMID: 4425464 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(74)90168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Katyal SL, Lombardi B. Quantitation of phosphatidyl N-methyl and N,N-dimethyl aminoethanol in liver and lung of N-methylaminoethanol fed rats. Lipids 1974; 9:81-5. [PMID: 4815803 DOI: 10.1007/bf02532130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Salerno DM, Beeler DA. The biosynthesis of phospholipids and their precursors in rat liver involving de novo methylation, and base-exchange pathways, in vivo. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 326:325-38. [PMID: 4776438 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Taniguchi M, Hirayama H, Sakagami T. Exchange of molecular species of phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines between rat liver mitochondria and microsomes in vitro. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 296:65-70. [PMID: 4693513 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90044-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Vereyken JM, Montfoort A, van Golde LM. Some studies on the biosynthesis of the molecular species of phosphatidylcholine from rat lung and phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 260:70-81. [PMID: 5012455 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(72)90075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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van den Bosch H, van Golde LM, van Deenen LL. Dynamics of phosphoglycerides. ERGEBNISSE DER PHYSIOLOGIE, BIOLOGISCHEN CHEMIE UND EXPERIMENTELLEN PHARMAKOLOGIE 1972; 66:13-145. [PMID: 4566505 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-05882-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ghosh D, Lyman RL, Tinoco J. Behavior of specific natural lecithins and cholesterol at the air water-interface. Chem Phys Lipids 1971; 7:173-84. [PMID: 5124466 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(71)90030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Glenn JL, Austin W. The conversion of phosphatidyl ethanolamines to lecithins in normal and choline-deficient rats. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 231:153-60. [PMID: 5546574 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(71)90263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Klein RA. The large-scale preparation of unsaturated phosphatidyl cholines from egg yolk. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 219:496-9. [PMID: 5497207 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Beeler DA, Treble DH, Kyriakides EC, Balint JA. The pathways of lecithin biosynthesis in essential fatty acid deficiency in hamsters. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 218:112-23. [PMID: 5473483 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(70)90098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Tinoco J, Sheehan G, Hopkins S, Lyman RL. Incorporation of 1,2-14-C-ethanolamine into subfractions of rat liver phosphatidylethanolamines and phosphatidylcholines. Lipids 1970; 5:412-6. [PMID: 5447013 DOI: 10.1007/bf02532107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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