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Hu X, Wei Z, Tang M, Long Y, Zheng H. Reducing background absorbance via a double-lock strategy for detection of alkaline phosphatase and α-fetoprotein. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:489. [PMID: 32766932 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lowering the background signal for more sensitive analysis of determinands is as important as amplifying the target signal. The photoinduced oxidase of fluorescein has been reported, which can catalyze the oxidization of common substrates in a few minutes. As a metaphor for locks and keys, we designed double locks confining the activity of fluorescein to reduce the background absorbance during colorimetric detection. The first lock inhibits the main activity of fluorescein by phosphating. The second lock almost completely deactivates fluorescein by forming coordination nanoparticles (CNPs) via the self-assembly of cerium chloride and fluorescein diphosphate (FDP). The Ce-FDP CNPs are characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), which show electrostatic formation and amorphous character in the morphology. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the key to release fluorescein, can destroy Ce-FDP CNPs along with decomposing FDP by degrading phosphate groups. Therefore, a novel colorimetric strategy for sensitive detection of ALP is established. The detection of α-fetoprotein (AFP) is further succeeded by labeling AFP antibody with ALP. By dramatically reducing the background absorbance, the detection limits of ALP and AFP are as low as 0.014 mU/mL and 0.023 ng/mL, respectively. This convenient, brief, sensitive assay provides a promising prospect for clinical diagnosis. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Hu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zixuan Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Menghuan Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yijuan Long
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Huzhi Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Q Svejstrup
- Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, EN6 3LD, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald C Conaway
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64112
| | - Joan W Conaway
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, Missouri 64112.
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Toyoda T, Wolffe AP. In vitro transcription by RNA polymerase II in extracts of Xenopus oocytes, eggs, and somatic cells. Anal Biochem 1992; 203:340-7. [PMID: 1416031 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(92)90322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe procedures for preparing extracts of Xenopus oocytes, eggs, and somatic cells that will accurately transcribe class II genes. A variety of viral and Xenopus promoters direct the accurate initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II in these extracts. Optimal ionic conditions (100-200 mM KCl, 12 mM MgCl2), template concentration (20-40 micrograms/ml), incubation time (30-60 min), and temperature (25 degrees C) for class II gene transcription are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Toyoda
- Laboratory of Molecular Embryology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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4
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Buttner MJ, Brown NL. Two promoters from the Streptomyces plasmid pIJ101 and their expression in Escherichia coli. Gene 1987; 51:179-86. [PMID: 3297922 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(87)90306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An RNA polymerase-binding restriction fragment from the small, high-copy-number Streptomyces plasmid pIJ101 has been shown to have promoter activity in vivo using a promoter-probe vector. The nucleotide sequence of the promoter (the pIJ101B promoter) and the approximate position of the transcription start point as identified by in vitro run-off transcription are presented. Both the pIJ101B promoter and the previously characterised pIJ101A promoter were found to promote transcription in Escherichia coli. The transcription start point in E. coli for the pIJ101A promoter has been determined using high-resolution S1 mapping. Initiation occurs at the same point or within 1 or 2 nucleotides of the transcription start point previously identified in Streptomyces lividans, indicating that the same transcriptional signals are recognised in both genera. The data support the idea that one type of RNA polymerase holoenzyme in Streptomyces recognises a class of promoters similar to the major consensus promoters of E. coli, and that the manner of promoter recognition is similar in both genera.
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5
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Buttner MJ, Brown NL. RNA polymerase-DNA interactions in Streptomyces. In vitro studies of a S. lividans plasmid promoter with S. coelicolor RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol 1985; 185:177-88. [PMID: 4046037 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA fragments of the Streptomyces lividans plasmid pIJ101 have been tested for their ability to bind Streptomyces coelicolor RNA polymerase in vitro or to promote transcription in Streptomyces in vivo. One DNA fragment which does both was shown to encode a transcript which was expressed at low cell-density in cultures of pIJ101-containing cells. The transcript start was located on the DNA sequence of the fragment by nucleotide-primed RNA polymerase binding experiments and by S1 nuclease mapping. The pattern of DNase I protection, the sites of enhanced DNase I cleavage and the DNA sequence of the fragment suggest that the RNA polymerase holoenzyme form, which recognizes this promoter, is similar in its interaction with DNA to the major RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli. Regions showing 3/6 nucleotide homology with each of the -35 and -10 regions of the consensus sequence of E. coli promoters are present in the same positions relative to the transcript start. Symmetrical sequences which may be involved in the regulation of expression of the promoter and a potential polypeptide coding sequence can be identified.
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6
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Travers AA, Lamond AI, Mace HA, Berman ML. RNA polymerase interactions with the upstream region of the E. coli tyrT promoter. Cell 1983; 35:265-73. [PMID: 6194900 DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The rate of in vivo transcription from the E. coli tRNA and rRNA promoters depends on both cellular growth rate and aminoacid availability. To investigate the molecular mechanisms involved we determined the extent of interaction of RNA polymerase with the promoter of the tyrT stable RNA gene. We show that the enzyme can protect from DNAase I digestion a region of at least 85 bp of the wild-type tyrT promoter and only approximately 62 bp of the lacUV5 mRNA promoter, the protected region extending on the antisense strand to approximately 65 and 42 bp respectively upstream of the transcription startpoint. A mutant tyrT promoter, tyrTp27, is protected more extensively, RNA polymerase interactions extending to at least approximately -130. We propose that these upstream interactions of RNA polymerase perform two functions; activating initiation by polymerase bound at the primary binding site and increasing the concentration of polymerase in the vicinity of the tyrT promoter, thus allowing a high rate of maximal expression and enabling the promoter to be regulated over a wide range of activity.
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7
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Saffhill R, Abbott PJ. The formation of acetylaminofluorene adducts in poly(dC-dG) and poly(dA-dT) on reaction with N-acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene and the effect of such modification upon the polymers as templates for DNA polymerases. Chem Biol Interact 1983; 44:95-110. [PMID: 6342828 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(83)90132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetoxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (AcO-AAF) reacts with the alternating DNA-like polynucleotides poly(dC-dG) and poly(dA-dT) in vitro to give adducts of the guanine and adenine bases similar to those reported to be formed in DNA. A previously unobserved guanine adduct was detected in the poly(dC-dG). Using a double-labelled [U-14C-dG, 8-3H-G]-poly(dC-dG) we show that this adduct does not involve the 7- or 8-positions of the guanine. Similarly a thymine adduct of unknown structure was observed in poly(dA-dT). Modification of the polymers with AcO-AAF inhibits their capacity to act as templates for Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and mammalian DNA polymerase alpha although the binding of the polymerases to the polynucleotides is unaffected. Such modification also leads to an increase in the levels of non-complementary nucleotides incorporated into newly synthesised DNA.
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8
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Uyemura D, Bambara R, Lehman IR. On the processive mechanism of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)40709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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9
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Blackburn EH. Transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase of a single-stranded fragment by bacteriophage phiX174 DNA 48 residues in length. J Mol Biol 1975; 93:367-74. [PMID: 806693 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(75)90283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Noara H, Mizuno T, Iizuka K. The effect of exonuclease I on the transcription of various DNA preparations by rat liver RNA polymerase I and II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 319:55-61. [PMID: 4582143 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(73)90040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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11
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Dausse JP, Sentenac A, Fromageot P. Interaction of RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli with DNA. Influence of DNA scissions on RNA-polymerase binding and chain initiation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1972; 31:394-404. [PMID: 4567123 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb02546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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Pettijohn DE. Ordered and preferential initiation of ribosomal RNA synthesis in vitro. NATURE: NEW BIOLOGY 1972; 235:204-6. [PMID: 4551900 DOI: 10.1038/newbio235204a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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Hunt D, Saito Y, Watanabe M. Membrane-bound Ribonucleic Acid Synthesis in Escherichia coli Infected with Ribonucleic Acid Bacteriophage R23. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)62066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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14
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Paetkau VH, Khorana HG. Preparation of a circular bihelical deoxyribonucleic acid containing repeating dinucleotide sequences. Biochemistry 1971; 10:1511-21. [PMID: 4932846 DOI: 10.1021/bi00785a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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15
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Haupt I, Strohbach G. [Effect of the bifunctionally alkylating cytostastic agent IMET 3106 on growth, cell division, DNA-, RNA- and protein synthesis of Escherichia coli]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ALLGEMEINE MIKROBIOLOGIE 1971; 11:571-84. [PMID: 4949081 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3630110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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16
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17
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Morgan AR. Studies on polynucleotides. XCIV. Transcription of DNA's with repeating nucleotide sequences. J Mol Biol 1970; 52:441-66. [PMID: 4923747 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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18
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19
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Peterson AR, Fox BW. The effects of alkylating agents and DNAase on nucleic acid synthesis in rat-liver nuclei in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 1970; 2:1-8. [PMID: 5524007 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(70)90032-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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20
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Nohara H, Iizuka K, Mizuno T, Igarashi A. A stimulating factor for DNA transcription from rat liver. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 209:86-96. [PMID: 5421976 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(70)90664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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21
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Gorbacheva LB, Kukushkina GV. Some aspects of the mechanism of action of 1-propyl-1-nitrosourea. Biochem Pharmacol 1970; 19:1561-8. [PMID: 4327766 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(70)90144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
MESH Headings
- Amino Acids/metabolism
- Animals
- Arginine
- Carbon Isotopes
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Cell Line/metabolism
- Centrifugation, Density Gradient
- Chlorophyta
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Formates/metabolism
- Histones/biosynthesis
- Leukemia L1210
- Liver/drug effects
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms
- Lysine
- Mice
- Molecular Weight
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Nitroso Compounds/pharmacology
- Nitrosourea Compounds/pharmacology
- Protein Hydrolysates/metabolism
- RNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- RNA, Ribosomal/biosynthesis
- RNA, Transfer/biosynthesis
- Spleen/drug effects
- Spleen/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Urea/pharmacology
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22
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Anthony DD, Goldthwait DA. Studies with the RNA polymerase. 3. Enzymatic activity of the monomer form. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 204:156-67. [PMID: 4908644 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(70)90498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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23
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Goddard JP, Weiss JJ, Wheeler CM. Studies on RNA synthesis primed by damaged templates. I. DNA templates damaged by deoxyribonuclease treatment and by gamma-radiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 199:126-38. [PMID: 5413472 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(70)90701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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24
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Spelsberg TC, Hnilica LS. The effects of acidic proteins and RNA on the histone inhibition of the DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in vitro. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 195:63-75. [PMID: 5357039 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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25
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26
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Anthony DD, Zeszotek E, Goldthwait DA. Studies with the RNA polymerase. I. Factors affecting the binding of nucleic acid polymers to the enzyme. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 174:458-75. [PMID: 4887374 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Dubert JM, Hirschbein L. Reversible attachment of RNA polymerase to DNA as a function of temperature. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1969; 34:149-55. [PMID: 5796733 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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28
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29
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Richardson JP. RNA polymerase and the control of RNA synthesis. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1969; 9:75-116. [PMID: 4888951 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60768-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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30
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31
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Sentenac A, Ruet A, Fromageot P. [Iniatiation of RNA chains by RNA polymerase in vitro]. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1968; 5:385-94. [PMID: 5680356 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1968.tb00381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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32
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Troll W, Belman S, Berkowitz E, Chmielewicz ZF, Ambrus JL, Bardos TJ. Differential responses of DNA and RNA polymerase to modifications of the template rat liver DNA caused by action of the carcinogen acetylaminofluorene in vivo and in vitro. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 157:16-24. [PMID: 5656834 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(68)90259-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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33
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34
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Butler JA, Johns EW, Phillips DM. Recent investigations on histones and their functions. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1968; 18:209-44. [PMID: 4894871 DOI: 10.1016/0079-6107(68)90025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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35
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36
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Inhibition of Deoxyribonucleic Acid-directed Ribonucleic Acid Polymerase by Extracts of Steroid-induced and Noninduced Pseudomonas testosteroni. J Biol Chem 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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37
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Millette RL, Zillig W, Walter G. Influence of salts on RNA synthesis by DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase from Escherichia coli. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1967; 3:183-93. [PMID: 4865567 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1967.tb19514.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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38
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39
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Freeman EJ, Jones OW. Binding of RNA polymerase to T7 DNA: evidence for minimal number of polymerase molecules required to cause retention of polymerase-T7 DNA complex on membrane filters. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1967; 29:45-52. [PMID: 4861590 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(67)90538-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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40
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41
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42
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Cohen SN, Maitra U, Hurwitz J. Role of DNA in RNA synthesis. XI. Selective transcription of gamma DNA segments in vitro by RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol 1967; 26:19-38. [PMID: 5341412 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Hayes DH, Cukier R, Gros F. [Synthesis of poly U by RNA polymerase with octoadenylic acid (hepta adenylyl-(3',5')-adenosine) as a template]. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1967; 1:125-34. [PMID: 4863122 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1967.tb00053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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44
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Adman R, Grossman L. Template properties of polyribonucleotides containing uracil or modified uracil in the RNA polymerase reaction. J Mol Biol 1967; 23:417-39. [PMID: 6032185 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(67)80116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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45
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Proteins of the Cell Nucleus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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46
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Ribonucleic Acids and Information Transfer in Animal Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1967. [DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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47
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Georgiev GP. The nature and biosynthesis of nuclear ribonucleic acids. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1967; 6:259-351. [PMID: 5337480 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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48
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49
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50
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Chaproniere-Rickenberg DM, Justus J. The ability of deoxyribonucleic acid from various organs of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, to prime ribonucleic acid synthesis in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(66)90375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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