Griffiths EJ. Use of ruthenium red as an inhibitor of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake in single rat cardiomyocytes.
FEBS Lett 2000;
486:257-60. [PMID:
11119714 DOI:
10.1016/s0014-5793(00)02268-7]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With the current resurgence of interest in the role of mitochondrial [Ca(2+)] in energy production and cellular Ca(2+) signalling, ruthenium red (RR) is being increasingly used as an inhibitor of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake. In the present study, the effects of RR on cell and mitochondrial [Ca(2+)], and on cell contractility were determined in isolated rat ventricular myocytes subjected to adrenergic and electrical stimulation. At low concentrations, 0-1 microM, RR inhibited mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake but this was a secondary effect due to a reduced total intracellular [Ca(2+)], a conclusion supported by the ability of RR to inhibit cell shortening. 5 microM RR completely inhibited cell contraction, whereas higher concentrations, 10-25 microM, induced spontaneous Ca(2+) oscillations and contractile waves. These results indicate that great care must be taken when using RR in intact cells, and in interpreting any effects as resulting from a primary inhibition of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake.
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