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Bharathiraja P, Yadav P, Sajid A, Ambudkar SV, Prasad NR. Natural medicinal compounds target signal transduction pathways to overcome ABC drug efflux transporter-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 71:101004. [PMID: 37660590 PMCID: PMC10840887 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters such as ABCB1, ABCG2, and ABCC1 are the major players in drug efflux-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR), which severely affects the efficacy of chemotherapy. Several synthetic compounds block the drug transport by ABC transporters; however, they exhibit a narrow therapeutic window, and produce side effects in non-target normal tissues. Conversely, the downregulation of the expression of ABC drug transporters seems to be a promising strategy to reverse MDR in cancer cells. Several signaling pathways, such as NF-κB, STAT3, Gli, NICD, YAP/TAZ, and Nrf2 upregulate the expression of ABC drug transporters in drug-resistant cancers. Recently, natural medicinal compounds have gained importance to overcome the ABC drug-efflux pump-mediated MDR in cancer. These compounds target transcription factors and the associated signal transduction pathways, thereby downregulating the expression of ABC transporters in drug-resistant cancer cells. Several potent natural compounds have been identified as lead candidates to synergistically enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy, and a few of them are already in clinical trials. Therefore, modulation of signal transduction pathways using natural medicinal compounds for the reversal of ABC drug transporter-mediated MDR in cancer is a novel approach for improving the efficiency of the existing chemotherapeutics. In this review, we discuss the modulatory role of natural medicinal compounds on cellular signaling pathways that regulate the expression of ABC transporters in drug-resistant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradhapsingh Bharathiraja
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priya Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Andaleeb Sajid
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256, USA
| | - Suresh V Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4256, USA.
| | - N Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
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2
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Martins-Gomes C, Silva AM. Natural Products as a Tool to Modulate the Activity and Expression of Multidrug Resistance Proteins of Intestinal Barrier. J Xenobiot 2023; 13:172-192. [PMID: 37092502 PMCID: PMC10123636 DOI: 10.3390/jox13020014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of intestinal barrier homeostasis in an individual’s general well-being has been widely addressed by the scientific community. Colorectal cancer is among the illnesses that most affect this biological barrier. While chemotherapy is the first choice to treat this type of cancer, multidrug resistance (MDR) is the major setback against the commonly used drugs, with the ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) being the major players. The role of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), or breast cancer resistance protein (ABCG2) in the efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs is well described in cancer cells, highlighting these proteins as interesting druggable targets to reverse MDR, decrease drug dosage, and consequently undesired toxicity. Natural products, especially phytochemicals, have a wide diversity of chemical structures, and some particular classes, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, or pentacyclic triterpenoids, have been reported as inhibitors of P-gp, MRP1, and ABCG2, being able to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs. Nevertheless, ABC transporters play a vital role in the cell’s defense against xenobiotics, and some phytochemicals have also been shown to induce the transporters’ activity. A balance must be obtained between xenobiotic efflux in non-tumor cells and bioaccumulation of chemotherapy drugs in cancer cells, in which ABC transporters are essential and natural products play a pivotal role that must be further analyzed. This review summarizes the knowledge concerning the nomenclature and function of ABC-transporters, emphasizing their role in the intestinal barrier cells. In addition, it also focuses on the role of natural products commonly found in food products, e.g., phytochemicals, as modulators of ABC-transporter activity and expression, which are promising nutraceutical molecules to formulate new drug combinations to overcome multidrug resistance.
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Natural Inhibitors of P-glycoprotein in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044140. [PMID: 36835550 PMCID: PMC9962603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains an insidious neoplasm due to the percentage of patients who develop resistance to both classic chemotherapy and emerging drugs. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a complex process determined by multiple mechanisms, and it is often caused by the overexpression of efflux pumps, the most important of which is P-glycoprotein (P-gp). This mini-review aims to examine the advantages of using natural substances as P-gp inhibitors, focusing on four molecules: phytol, curcumin, lupeol, and heptacosane, and their mechanism of action in AML.
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Daniela SV, Gabriela OM, Andrea PM. A state-of-the-art review and prospective therapeutic applications of prenyl flavonoids as chemosensitizers against antifungal multidrug resistance in Candida albicans. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4251-4281. [PMID: 35139777 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220209103538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans is defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in two or more drug classes. This phenomenon has been increasingly reported since the rise in the incidence of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients at the end of the last century. After the discovery of efflux pump overexpression as a principal mechanism causing MDR in Candida strains, drug discovery targeting fungal efflux transporters has had a growing impact. Chemosensitization aims to enhance azole intracellular concentrations through combination therapy with transporter inhibitors. Consequently, the use of drug efflux inhibitors combined with the antifungal agent will sensitize the pathogen. As a result, the use of lower drug concentrations will reduce possible adverse effects on the host. Through an extensive revision of the literature, this review aims to provide an exhaustive and critical analysis of the studies carried out in the past two decades, regarding the chemosensitization strategy to cope with multidrug resistance in C. albicans. This work provides a deep analysis of the research about the inhibition of drug-efflux membrane transporters by prenylated flavonoids and the interactions of these phytocompounds with azole antifungals as an approach to chemosensitize multidrug-resistant C. albicans strains. We highlight the importance of prenylflavonoids and their particular chemical and pharmacological characteristics that make them excellent candidates with therapeutic potential as chemosensitizers. Finally, we propose the need for further research of prenyl flavonoids as inhibitors of drug-efflux mediated fungal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santi V Daniela
- Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la torre y Medina Allende, Edificio Ciencias II, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria. X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ortega María Gabriela
- Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la torre y Medina Allende, Edificio Ciencias II, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria. X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Peralta Mariana Andrea
- Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la torre y Medina Allende, Edificio Ciencias II, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria. X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
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Abd-Ellatef GEF, Gazzano E, El-Desoky AH, Hamed AR, Kopecka J, Belisario DC, Costamagna C, S Marie MA, Fahmy SR, Abdel-Hamid AHZ, Riganti C. Glabratephrin reverses doxorubicin resistance in triple negative breast cancer by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:105975. [PMID: 34785319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the most aggressive breast cancer. The first therapeutic option is chemotherapy, often based on anthracycline as doxorubicin. However, chemotherapy efficacy is limited in by the presence of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), a membrane transporter protein that effluxes doxorubicin, reducing its cellular accumulation and toxicity. Inhibiting Pgp activity with effective and non-toxic products is still an open challenge. In this work, we demonstrated that the natural product Glabratephrin (Glab), a prenylated flavonoid from Tephrosia purpurea with a unique chemical structure, increased doxorubicin accumulation and cytotoxicity in triple negative breast cancer cells with high levels of Pgp, characterized by both acquired or intrinsic resistance to doxorubicin. Glab also reduced the growth of Pgp-expressing tumors, without adding significant extra-toxicities to doxorubicin treatment. Interestingly, Glab did not change the expression of Pgp, but it reduced the affinity for Pgp and the efflux of doxorubicin, as suggested by the increased Km and the reduced Vmax. In silico molecular docking predicted that Glab binds two residues (phenylalanine 322, glutamine 721) localized in the transmembrane domains of Pgp, facing the extracellular environment. Moreover, site-directed mutagenesis identified glycine 185 as a critical residue mediating the reduced catalytic efficacy of Pgp elicited by Glab. We propose Glab as an effective and safe compound able to reverse doxorubicin resistance mediated by Pgp in triple negative breast cancers, opening the way to a new combinatorial approach that may improve chemotherapy efficacy in the most refractory and aggressive breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Female
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Flavonoids/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Eldein Fathy Abd-Ellatef
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy; Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Ahmed H El-Desoky
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Hamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department & Biology Unit of Central Laboratory, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Costanzo Costamagna
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Sohair R Fahmy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamaa Street, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hamid Z Abdel-Hamid
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., 12622 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
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6
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Ashwin K, Pattanaik AK, Howarth GS. Polyphenolic bioactives as an emerging group of nutraceuticals for promotion of gut health: A review. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Hajipour H, Nouri M, Ghorbani M, Bahramifar A, Emameh RZ, Taheri RA. Targeted nanostructured lipid carrier containing galangin as a promising adjuvant for improving cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:2353-2362. [PMID: 34522984 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs is the main limitation of cancer therapy. The combination use of chemotherapeutic agents and galangin (a naturally active flavonoid) amplifies the effectiveness of cancer treatment. This study aimed to prepare arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) containing nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC-RGD) to improve the bioavailability of galangin and explore its ability in improving the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX). Galangin-loaded NLC-RGD was prepared by hot homogenization method and characterized by diverse techniques. Then, cytotoxicity, uptake, and apoptosis induction potential of prepared nanoparticles beside the DOX were evaluated on A549 lung cancer cells. Finally, the expression level of some ABC transporter genes was evaluated in galangin-loaded NLC-RGD-treated cells. Nanoparticles with appropriate characteristics of the delivery system (size: 120 nm, polydispersity index: 0.23, spherical morphology, and loading capacity: 59.3 mg/g) were prepared. Uptake experiments revealed that NLC-RGD promotes the accumulation of galangin into cancerous cells by integrin-mediated endocytosis. Results also showed higher cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects of DOX + galangin-loaded NLC-RGD in comparison to DOX + galangin. Gene expression analysis demonstrated that galangin-loaded NLC-RGD downregulates ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCC2 more efficiently than galangin. These findings indicated that delivery of galangin by NLC-RGD makes it an effective adjuvant to increase the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hajipour
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marjan Ghorbani
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Bahramifar
- Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramezan Ali Taheri
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Erol A, Akpınar F, Muti M. Electrochemical determination of anticancer drug Bendamustine and its interaction with double strand DNA in the absence and presence of quercetin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111884. [PMID: 34102529 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Studies based on drug-DNA interactions, especially anticancer drug-DNA interactions, are of great importance for the method development. It is thought that single-use electrodes, which give fast, cheap and reproducible results, will make a great contribution to the chip technology for the development of individual patient analysis in the future. It is known that antioxidants reduce carcinogenesis caused by oxidative stress with their radical scavenging effects. Literature shows that quercetin (QRCT) exhibits anticancer activity by preventing oxidative cell damage as an effective radical scavenger. In this study, Bendamustine (BND), an anticancer drug, which is used in different blood cancer types, was electrochemically determined and the toxicity degree was calculated by examining the interaction of the drug with DNA in the absence and presence of QRCT, which is the first examination in the literature. Limit of detection and quantification for BND was calculated as 6.0 and 20.0 μg/mL respectively by using the equation I = 0.029 × CBND+ 1.197, (R2 = 0.997). We found that QRCT prevents the interaction between BND and DNA because of its strong interaction with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Erol
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 09010 Aydın, Turkey
| | - Fatma Akpınar
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 09010 Aydın, Turkey
| | - Mihrican Muti
- Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 09010 Aydın, Turkey.
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9
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Choromańska A, Chwiłkowska A, Kulbacka J, Baczyńska D, Rembiałkowska N, Szewczyk A, Michel O, Gajewska-Naryniecka A, Przystupski D, Saczko J. Modifications of Plasma Membrane Organization in Cancer Cells for Targeted Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:1850. [PMID: 33806009 PMCID: PMC8037978 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifications of the composition or organization of the cancer cell membrane seem to be a promising targeted therapy. This approach can significantly enhance drug uptake or intensify the response of cancer cells to chemotherapeutics. There are several methods enabling lipid bilayer modifications, e.g., pharmacological, physical, and mechanical. It is crucial to keep in mind the significance of drug resistance phenomenon, ion channel and specific receptor impact, and lipid bilayer organization in planning the cell membrane-targeted treatment. In this review, strategies based on cell membrane modulation or reorganization are presented as an alternative tool for future therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Choromańska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Chwiłkowska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Dagmara Baczyńska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Nina Rembiałkowska
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Anna Szewczyk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Olga Michel
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Gajewska-Naryniecka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
| | - Dawid Przystupski
- Department of Paediatric Bone Marrow Transplantation, Oncology and Haematology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.K.); (D.B.); (N.R.); (A.S.); (O.M.); (A.G.-N.); (J.S.)
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10
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Navarro-Hortal MD, Varela-López A, Romero-Márquez JM, Rivas-García L, Speranza L, Battino M, Quiles JL. Role of flavonoids against adriamycin toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 146:111820. [PMID: 33080329 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX), or adriamycin, is an anthracycline antineoplastic drug widely used in the chemotherapy of a large variety of cancers due to its potency and action spectrum. However, its use is limited by the toxicity on healthy cells and its acute and chronic side effects. One of the developed strategies to attenuate DOX toxicity is the combined therapy with bioactive compounds such as flavonoids. This review embraces the role of flavonoids on DOX treatment side effects. Protective properties of some flavonoidss against DOX toxicity have been investigated and observed mainly in heart but also in liver, kidney, brain, testis or bone marrow. Protective mechanisms involve reduction of oxidative stress by decrease of ROS levels and/or increase antioxidant defenses and interferences with autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation. Studies in cancer cells have reported that the anticancer activity of DOX was not compromised by the flavonoids. Moreover, some of them increased DOX efficiency as anti-cancer drug even in multidrug resistant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- María D Navarro-Hortal
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - José M Romero-Márquez
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Lorenzo Rivas-García
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain; Sport and Health Research Centre, University of Granada, C/. Menéndez Pelayo 32, 18016, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, CH, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sicences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - José L Quiles
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, 18100, Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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11
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El-Sisi AE, Sokkar SS, Ibrahim HA, Hamed MF, Abu-Risha SE. Targeting MDR-1 gene expression, BAX/BCL2, caspase-3, and Ki-67 by nanoencapsulated imatinib and hesperidin to enhance anticancer activity and ameliorate cardiotoxicity. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 34:458-475. [PMID: 32080901 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a great demand to introduce new approaches into cancer treatment field due to incidence of increased breast cancer all over the world. The current study was designed to evaluate the role of imatinib mesylate (IM) and/or hesperidin (HES) nanoparticles alone or in combination in enhancing the anticancer activity and to investigate the ability of nanoencapsulation to reduce cardiotoxicity of IM in solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC)-bearing mice. IM and HES were loaded into PLGA (poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymer. SEC was induced in female albino mice as a model for experimentally induced breast cancer. Mice were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 10). On day 28 from tumor inoculation, mice were sacrificed and blood samples were collected in heparinized tubes for hematological studies, biochemical determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels. In addition, tumor and cardiac tissues were utilized for histopathological examination as well as determination of MDR-1 gene expression. Immunohistochemical staining of BAX and BCL-2 was done. Nano IM- and/or Nano HES-treated groups showed a significant reduction in tumor volume, weight, hematological, cardiac markers, and tumor MDR-1 gene downregulation compared to free conventional treated groups. In conclusion, the use of HES as an adjuvant therapy with IM could improve its cytotoxic effects and limit its cardiac toxicity. Furthermore, nanoencapsulation of IM and/or HES with PLGA polymer showed a remarkable anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa E El-Sisi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Samia S Sokkar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hanaa A Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Hamed
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of El-Mansoura, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sally E Abu-Risha
- Pharmacology and Toxicology department, College of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Tanta, Egypt
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Chambers CS, Viktorová J, Řehořová K, Biedermann D, Turková L, Macek T, Křen V, Valentová K. Defying Multidrug Resistance! Modulation of Related Transporters by Flavonoids and Flavonolignans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:1763-1779. [PMID: 30907588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major challenge for the 21th century in both cancer chemotherapy and antibiotic treatment of bacterial infections. Efflux pumps and transport proteins play an important role in MDR. Compounds displaying inhibitory activity toward these proteins are prospective for adjuvant treatment of such conditions. Natural low-cost and nontoxic flavonoids, thanks to their vast structural diversity, offer a great pool of lead structures with broad possibility of chemical derivatizations. Various flavonoids were found to reverse both antineoplastic and bacterial multidrug resistance by inhibiting Adenosine triphosphate Binding Cassette (ABC)-transporters (human P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein MRP-1, breast cancer resistance protein, and bacterial ABC transporters), as well as other bacterial drug efflux pumps: major facilitator superfamily (MFS), multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE), small multidrug resistance (SMR) and resistance-nodulation-cell-division (RND) transporters, and glucose transporters. Flavonoids and particularly flavonolignans are therefore highly prospective compounds for defying multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Chambers
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Viktorová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague , Technická 5 , CZ 166 28 , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Řehořová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague , Technická 5 , CZ 166 28 , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - David Biedermann
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Turková
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Macek
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague , Technická 5 , CZ 166 28 , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Laboratory of Biotransformation , Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences , Vídeňská 1083 , CZ 142 20 Prague , Czech Republic
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Cui J, Liu X, Chow LMC. Flavonoids as P-gp Inhibitors: A Systematic Review of SARs. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4799-4831. [PMID: 30277144 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666181001115225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein, also known as ABCB1 in the ABC transporter family, confers the simultaneous resistance of metastatic cancer cells towards various anticancer drugs with different targets and diverse chemical structures. The exploration of safe and specific inhibitors of this pump has always been the pursuit of scientists for the past four decades. Naturally occurring flavonoids as benzopyrone derivatives were recognized as a class of nontoxic inhibitors of P-gp. The recent advent of synthetic flavonoid dimer FD18, as a potent P-gp modulator in reversing multidrug resistance both in vitro and in vivo, specifically targeted the pseudodimeric structure of the drug transporter and represented a new generation of inhibitors with high transporter binding affinity and low toxicity. This review concerned the recent updates on the structure-activity relationships of flavonoids as P-gp inhibitors, the molecular mechanisms of their action and their ability to overcome P-gp-mediated MDR in preclinical studies. It had crucial implications on the discovery of new drug candidates that modulated the efflux of ABC transporters and also provided some clues for the future development in this promising area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- The Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, United States
| | - Larry M C Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chirosciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Fang Y, Xia M, Liang F, Cao W, Pan S, Xu X. Establishment and Use of Human Mouth Epidermal Carcinoma (KB) Cells Overexpressing P-Glycoprotein To Characterize Structure Requirements for Flavonoids Transported by the Efflux Transporter. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:2350-2360. [PMID: 30688455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the mechanism for flavonoid poor absorption related to P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The cellular uptake (CU) of 40 flavonoids was investigated in P-gp overexpressing KB/multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells. A total of 9 flavonoids, including 5,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone, with a significant ( p < 0.05) CUKBE (2.90 ± 0.146 μmol/g) higher than CUKBP (1.57 ± 0.129 μmol/g) were identified as P-gp substrates. Besides, 8 substrates, including tangeretin, showed a significant ( p < 0.05) CUKB (9.72 ± 1.09 μmol/g) higher than its CUKBP (7.36 ± 0.692 μmol/g). A total of 7 of 17 flavonoid substrates stimulated the P-gp efflux of rhodamine 123, and most substrates increased P-gp expression in KB/MDR cells. Docking analyses showed a good correlation ( R = 0.764; p < 0.01) between efflux fold and S_scoring of flavonoids to the P-gp model, indicating consistency between in silico and in vitro results. A structure-affinity relationship exhibited that 3-OH, 5-OH, 3'-OCH3, and 4'-OCH3 are crucial for flavonoids binding to P-gp. These results provide valuable information for finding a solution to improve the absorption of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Siyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , Hubei 430070 , People's Republic of China
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Williamson G, Kay CD, Crozier A. The Bioavailability, Transport, and Bioactivity of Dietary Flavonoids: A Review from a Historical Perspective. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:1054-1112. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Colin D. Kay
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Inst. North Carolina State Univ. North Carolina Research Campus Kannapolis NC 28081 U.S.A
| | - Alan Crozier
- Dept. of Nutrition Univ. of California Davis CA 95616 U.S.A
- School of Medicine Dentistry and Nursing, Univ. Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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16
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Lee KGZ, Babak MV, Weiss A, Dyson PJ, Nowak-Sliwinska P, Montagner D, Ang WH. Development of an Efficient Dual-Action GST-Inhibiting Anticancer Platinum(IV) Prodrug. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1210-1217. [PMID: 29637702 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of cisplatin (cDDP) is enhanced when co-administered with ethacrynic acid (EA), a glutathione S-transferase (GST) inhibitor. A PtIV -EA conjugate containing a cDDP core and two axial ethacrynate ligands (compound 1) was shown to be an excellent inhibitor of GST, but did not readily release a PtII species to exert a synergistic cytotoxic effect. In this study, a redesigned PtIV construct composed of a cDDP core with one axial ethacrynate ligand and one axial hydroxido ligand (compound 2) was prepared and shown to overcome the limitations of compound 1. The EA ligand in 2 is readily released in vitro together with a cytotoxic PtII species derived from cisplatin, working together to inhibit cell proliferation in cDDP-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. The in vitro activity translates well in vivo with 2, showing effective (∼80 %) inhibition of tumor growth in a human ovarian carcinoma A2780 tumor model, while showing considerably lower toxicity than cisplatin, thus validating the new design strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keefe Guang Zhi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Maria V Babak
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Andrea Weiss
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Paul J Dyson
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Diego Montagner
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Antioxidants as precision weapons in war against cancer chemotherapy induced toxicity - Exploring the armoury of obscurity. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 26:177-190. [PMID: 30166914 PMCID: PMC6111235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for almost 13% of deaths in the world. Among the conventional cancer treatments, chemotherapy is most frequently carried out to treat malignant cancer rather than localised lesions which is amenable to surgery and radiotherapy. However, anticancer drugs are associated with a plethora of side effects. Each drug, within every class, has its own set of adverse reactions which may cause patient incompliance and deterioration of the quality of life. One of the major causes of adverse reactions, especially for drugs targeting DNA, is the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent build up of oxidative stress. To curb these undesired side effects, several dietary supplements have been tested, amongst which antioxidants have gained increasing popularity as adjuvant in chemotherapy. However, many oncologists discourage the use of antioxidant rich food supplements because these may interfere with the modalities which kill cancer by generating free radicals. In the present review, all studies reporting concomitant use of several antioxidants with chemotherapy are indiscriminately included and discussed impartially. The effect of supplementation of thirteen different antioxidants and their analogues as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy has been compiled in this article. The present review encompasses a total of 174 peer-reviewed original articles from 1967 till date comprising 93 clinical trials with a cumulative number of 18,208 patients, 56 animal studies and 35 in vitro studies. Our comprehensive data suggests that antioxidant has superior potential of ameliorating chemotherapeutic induced toxicity. Antioxidant supplementation during chemotherapy also promises higher therapeutic efficiency and increased survival times in patients.
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Dewanjee S, Dua TK, Bhattacharjee N, Das A, Gangopadhyay M, Khanra R, Joardar S, Riaz M, Feo VD, Zia-Ul-Haq M. Natural Products as Alternative Choices for P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) Inhibition. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060871. [PMID: 28587082 PMCID: PMC6152721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is regarded as one of the bottlenecks of successful clinical treatment for numerous chemotherapeutic agents. Multiple key regulators are alleged to be responsible for MDR and making the treatment regimens ineffective. In this review, we discuss MDR in relation to P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and its down-regulation by natural bioactive molecules. P-gp, a unique ATP-dependent membrane transport protein, is one of those key regulators which are present in the lining of the colon, endothelial cells of the blood brain barrier (BBB), bile duct, adrenal gland, kidney tubules, small intestine, pancreatic ducts and in many other tissues like heart, lungs, spleen, skeletal muscles, etc. Due to its diverse tissue distribution, P-gp is a novel protective barrier to stop the intake of xenobiotics into the human body. Over-expression of P-gp leads to decreased intracellular accretion of many chemotherapeutic agents thus assisting in the development of MDR. Eventually, the effectiveness of these drugs is decreased. P-gp inhibitors act by altering intracellular ATP levels which are the source of energy and/or by affecting membrane contours to increase permeability. However, the use of synthetic inhibitors is known to cause serious toxicities. For this reason, the search for more potent and less toxic P-gp inhibitors of natural origin is underway. The present review aims to recapitulate the research findings on bioactive constituents of natural origin with P-gp inhibition characteristics. Natural bioactive constituents with P-gp modulating effects offer great potential for semi-synthetic modification to produce new scaffolds which could serve as valuable investigative tools to recognize the function of complex ABC transporters apart from evading the systemic toxicities shown by synthetic counterparts. Despite the many published scientific findings encompassing P-gp inhibitors, however, this article stand alones because it provides a vivid picture to the readers pertaining to Pgp inhibitors obtained from natural sources coupled with their mode of action and structures. It provides first-hand information to the scientists working in the field of drug discovery to further synthesise and discover new P-gp inhibitors with less toxicity and more efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Tarun K Dua
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Niloy Bhattacharjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Anup Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, ADAMAS University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India.
| | | | - Ritu Khanra
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Swarnalata Joardar
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal 18050, Pakistan.
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, Salerno University, Fisciano 84084, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq
- Environment Science Department, Lahore College for Women University, Jail Road, Lahore 54600, Pakistan.
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Genovese I, Ilari A, Assaraf YG, Fazi F, Colotti G. Not only P-glycoprotein: Amplification of the ABCB1- containing chromosome region 7q21 confers multidrug resistance upon cancer cells by coordinated overexpression of an assortment of resistance-related proteins. Drug Resist Updat 2017; 32:23-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shahraki O, Edraki N, Khoshneviszadeh M, Zargari F, Ranjbar S, Saso L, Firuzi O, Miri R. Novel 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline derivatives: design, synthesis, in vitro P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance reversal profile and molecular dynamics simulation study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:407-418. [PMID: 28243063 PMCID: PMC5317256 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s119995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the important mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in many tumor cells. In this study, 26 novel 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline derivatives containing different nitrophenyl moieties at C4 and various carboxamide substituents at C3 were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit P-gp by measuring the amount of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) accumulation in uterine sarcoma cells that overexpress P-gp (MES-SA/Dx5) using flow cytometry. The effect of compounds with highest MDR reversal activities was further evaluated by measuring the alterations of MES-SA/Dx5 cells’ sensitivity to doxorubicin (DXR) using MTT assay. The results of both biological assays indicated that compounds bearing 2-nitrophenyl at C4 position and compounds with 4-chlorophenyl carboxamide at C3 demonstrated the highest activities in resistant cells, while they were devoid of any effect in parental nonresistant MES-SA cells. One of the active derivatives, 5c, significantly increased intracellular Rh123 at 100 µM, and it also significantly reduced the IC50 of DXR by 70.1% and 88.7% at 10 and 25 µM, respectively, in MES-SA/Dx5 cells. The toxicity of synthesized compounds against HEK293 as a noncancer cell line was also investigated. All tested derivatives except for 2c compound showed no cytotoxicity. A molecular dynamics simulation study was also performed to investigate the possible binding site of 5c in complex with human P-gp, which showed that this compound formed 11 average H-bonds with Ser909, Thr911, Arg547, Arg543 and Ser474 residues of P-gp. A good agreement was found between the results of the computational and experimental studies. The findings of this study show that some 5-oxo-hexahydroquinoline derivatives could serve as promising candidates for the discovery of new agents for P-gp-mediated MDR reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolbanin Shahraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Najmeh Edraki
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center
| | - Mehdi Khoshneviszadeh
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Sara Ranjbar
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Ersparmer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center
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Kim MK, Kim Y, Choo H, Chong Y. Quercetin-glutamic acid conjugate with a non-hydrolysable linker; a novel scaffold for multidrug resistance reversal agents through inhibition of P-glycoprotein. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:1219-1226. [PMID: 28043777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have reported remarkable effect of a quercetin-glutamic acid conjugate to reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells to a broad spectrum of anticancer agents through inhibition of P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-mediated drug efflux. Due to the hydrolysable nature, MDR-reversal activity of the quercetin conjugate was attributed to its hydrolysis product, quercetin. However, several lines of evidence demonstrated that the intact quercetin-glutamic acid conjugate has stronger MDR-reversal activity than quercetin. In order to evaluate this hypothesis and to identify a novel scaffold for MDR-reversal agents, we prepared quercetin conjugates with a glutamic acid attached at the 7-O position via a non-hydrolysable linker. Pgp inhibition assay, Pgp ATPase assay, and MDR-reversal activity assay were performed, and the non-hydrolysable quercetin conjugates showed significantly higher activities compared with those of quercetin. Unfortunately, the quercetin conjugates were not as effective as verapamil in Pgp-inhibition and thereby reversing MDR, but it is worth to note that the structurally modified quercetin conjugates with a non-cleavable linker showed significantly improved MDR-reversal activity compared with quercetin. Taken together, the quercetin conjugates with appropriate structural modifications were shown to have a potential to serve as a scaffold for the design of novel MDR-reversal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyoung Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunyoung Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, Korea University of Science and Technology, Youseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youhoon Chong
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Cirmi S, Ferlazzo N, Lombardo GE, Maugeri A, Calapai G, Gangemi S, Navarra M. Chemopreventive Agents and Inhibitors of Cancer Hallmarks: May Citrus Offer New Perspectives? Nutrients 2016; 8:E698. [PMID: 27827912 PMCID: PMC5133085 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables have long been recognized as potentially important in the prevention of cancer risk. Thus, scientific interest in nutrition and cancer has grown over time, as shown by increasing number of experimental studies about the relationship between diet and cancer development. This review attempts to provide an insight into the anti-cancer effects of Citrus fruits, with a focus on their bioactive compounds, elucidating the main cellular and molecular mechanisms through which they may protect against cancer. Scientific literature was selected for this review with the aim of collecting the relevant experimental evidence for the anti-cancer effects of Citrus fruits and their flavonoids. The findings discussed in this review strongly support their potential as anti-cancer agents, and may represent a scientific basis to develop nutraceuticals, food supplements, or complementary and alternative drugs in a context of a multi-target pharmacological strategy in the oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santa Cirmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98168, Italy.
| | - Nadia Ferlazzo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98168, Italy.
| | - Giovanni E Lombardo
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro I-88100, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98168, Italy.
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina I-98125, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina I-98125, Italy.
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems (ISASI), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli I-80078, Italy.
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina I-98168, Italy.
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Kim MK, Park KS, Choo H, Chong Y. Quercetin-POM (pivaloxymethyl) conjugates: Modulatory activity for P-glycoprotein-based multidrug resistance. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:778-785. [PMID: 26141765 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that the bioactivity of quercetin could be improved through conjugation with a hydrolysable pivaloxymethyl (POM) group. PURPOSE Present study aimed to evaluate MDR (multidrug resistance)-modulatory activity of the quercetin-POM conjugates. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS MDR-modulatory activity was determined by measuring cytotoxicity of various anticancer agents to MDR MES-SA/Dx5 cell lines upon combination with the quercetin-POM conjugates. RESULTS The quercetin-7-O-POM conjugate (7-O-POM-Q) was significantly more potent than quercetin in reversing MDR, which recovered the cytotoxicity of various anticancer agents with EC50 values of 1.1-1.3 µM. A series of mechanistic studies revealed that 7-O-POM-Q competes with verapamil in binding to the same drug-binding site of the major MDR target, Pgp (P-glycoprotein), and inhibits Pgp-mediated drug efflux with a similar potency as verapamil. The physicochemical properties of 7-O-POM-Q were then evaluated, which confirmed that 7-O-POM-Q has remarkably enhanced cellular uptake and intracellular localization compared with quercetin. Additionally, it is noteworthy that 7-O-POM-Q undergoes slow hydrolysis to quercetin over a prolonged period of time. CONCLUSION The quercetin-POM conjugate showed significantly improved MDR-reversing activity compared with quercetin, which could be attributed to its capacity to maintain high intracellular concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyoung Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-su Park
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Choo
- Neuro-Medicine Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seoungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youhoon Chong
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Revealing the fate of cell surface human P-glycoprotein (ABCB1): The lysosomal degradation pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:2361-70. [PMID: 26057472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transports a variety of chemically dissimilar amphipathic compounds including anticancer drugs. Although mechanisms of P-gp drug transport are widely studied, the pathways involving its internalization are poorly understood. The present study is aimed at elucidating the pathways involved in degradation of cell surface P-gp. The fate of P-gp at the cell surface was determined by biotinylating cell surface proteins followed by flow cytometry and Western blotting. Our data shows that the half-life of endogenously expressed P-gp is 26.7±1.1 h in human colorectal cancer HCT-15 cells. Treatment of cells with Bafilomycin A1 (BafA1) a vacuolar H+ ATPase inhibitor increased the half-life of P-gp at the cell surface to 36.1±0.5 h. Interestingly, treatment with the proteasomal inhibitors MG132, MG115 or lactacystin alone did not alter the half-life of the protein. When cells were treated with both lysosomal and proteasomal inhibitors (BafA1 and MG132), the half-life was further prolonged to 39-50 h. Functional assays done with rhodamine 123 or calcein-AM, fluorescent substrates of P-gp, indicated that the transport function of P-gp was not affected by either biotinylation or treatment with BafA1 or proteasomal inhibitors. Immunofluorescence studies done with the antibody against lysosomal marker LAMP1 and the P-gp-specific antibody UIC2 in permeabilized cells indicated that intracellular P-gp is primarily localized in the lysosomal compartment. Our results suggest that the lysosomal degradation system could be targeted to increase the sensitivity of P-gp- expressing cancer cells towards chemotherapeutic drugs.
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Wong ILK, Wang BC, Yuan J, Duan LX, Liu Z, Liu T, Li XM, Hu X, Zhang XY, Jiang T, Wan SB, Chow LMC. Potent and Nontoxic Chemosensitizer of P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Cancer: Synthesis and Evaluation of Methylated Epigallocatechin, Gallocatechin, and Dihydromyricetin Derivatives. J Med Chem 2015; 58:4529-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iris L. K. Wong
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, and State Key Laboratory
of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bao-Chao Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Yuan
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang-Xing Duan
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue-Min Li
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuesen Hu
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, and State Key Laboratory
of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Sheng-Biao Wan
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial
Key Laboratory of Glycoscience & Glycotechnology, School of Medicine
and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Larry M. C. Chow
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, and State Key Laboratory
of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Cort A, Ozben T. Natural Product Modulators to Overcome Multidrug Resistance In Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:411-23. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1002624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Cort
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Tomris Ozben
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Daddam JR, Dowlathabad MR, Panthangi S, Jasti P. Molecular docking and P-glycoprotein inhibitory activity of Flavonoids. Interdiscip Sci 2014; 6:167-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s12539-012-0197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Kim MK, Choo H, Chong Y. Water-soluble and cleavable quercetin-amino acid conjugates as safe modulators for P-glycoprotein-based multidrug resistance. J Med Chem 2014; 57:7216-33. [PMID: 25122155 DOI: 10.1021/jm500290c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin-amino acid conjugates with alanine or glutamic acid moiety attached at 7-O and/or 3-O position of quercetin were prepared, and their multidrug resistance (MDR)-modulatory effects were evaluated. A quercetin-glutamic acid conjugate, 7-O-Glu-Q (3a), was as potent as verapamil in reversing MDR and sensitized MDR MES-SA/Dx5 cells to various anticancer drugs with EC50 values of 0.8-0.9 μM. Analysis on Rh-123 accumulation confirmed that 3a inhibits drug efflux by Pgp, and Pgp ATPase assay showed that 3a interacts with the drug-binding site of Pgp to stimulate its ATPase activity. Physicochemical analysis of 3a revealed that solubility, stability, and cellular uptake of quercetin were significantly improved by the glutamic acid promoiety, which eventually dissociates from 3a to produce quercetin and quercetin metabolites in intracellular milieu. Taken together, potent MDR-modulating activity along with intracellular conversion into the natural flavonoid quercetin warrants development of the quercetin-amino acid conjugates as safe MDR modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyoung Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University , Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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Lin SP, Hou YC, Tsai SY, Wang MJ, Chao PDL. Tissue distribution of naringenin conjugated metabolites following repeated dosing of naringin to rats. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2014; 4:16. [PMID: 25520929 PMCID: PMC4265019 DOI: 10.7603/s40681-014-0016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Naringin is a major antioxidant in Citrus fruits and herbs. To clarify molecular forms distributed to various tissues, we investigated tissue distribution of naringin and relevant metabolites in rats after repeated dosing. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered naringin (210 mg/kg) twice daily for eight days. At 6 h post the 17th dose, various tissues including liver, kidney, heart, spleen and brain were collected and analyzed by HPLC method before and after hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase and sulfatase, individually. Results: The free forms of naringin and naringenin were not detected in all the tissues assayed. Liver contained the highest concentration of naringenin sulfates, followed by spleen, heart, brain and kidney. Naringenin glucuronides were present in liver and kidney, but not in spleen, brain and heart. Conclusion: The bioavailability of naringenin glucuronides and sulfates supported its application for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiuan-Pey Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Hou
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ; Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yuan Tsai
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ju Wang
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Dawn Lee Chao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, Taiwan
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Pharmacokinetic drug interactions between apigenin, rutin and paclitaxel mediated by P-glycoprotein in rats. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2014; 40:267-76. [PMID: 24871039 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-014-0203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of apigenin and rutin on the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel after oral administration of paclitaxel with apigenin and rutin to rats. Paclitaxel (40 mg/kg) was administered orally alone and in combination with apigenin and rutin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) for 15 consecutive days. In the single-dose pharmacokinetic study (SDS), blood samples were collected on 1st day whereas on 15th day in the multiple-dose pharmacokinetic study (MDS). The plasma concentrations of paclitaxel were increased dose-dependently in the combination of apigenin and rutin compared to that of paclitaxel control in SDS and MDS (p < 0.01). The areas under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) and the plasma peak concentrations (C max) of paclitaxel with apigenin and rutin were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than that of the control. The AUCs and C max of paclitaxel were increased with apigenin and rutin in the dose-dependent manner. The half-life (t 1/2) was significantly longer than that of the control. Non-everted sacs were filled with paclitaxel 100 μM in the presence and absence of verapamil (50 μM), apigenin, and rutin (50, 100 μM) and incubated at 37 ºC for 60 min. The absorption of paclitaxel was increased in the presence of apigenin, rutin, and verapamil, a typical P-glycoprotein and Cyp3A4 inhibitor. If these results are confirmed in humans in a clinical setting, the paclitaxel dose should be adjusted when it is given concomitantly with apigenin and rutin.
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Sahu K, Siddiqui AA, Shaharyar M, Malik S. Pharmacokinetic interaction between febuxostat and morin in rats. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2014; 10:307-12. [PMID: 24506837 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2014.885017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to wide consumption of flavonoids in the dietary supplement, and an imperative role of CYPs and P-glycoprotein inhibition in drug disposition. So there is increasing scientific interest in drug-flavonoid interactions. OBJECTIVE The present study aims to investigate the effect of morin, a flavonoid, on the pharmacokinetics of febuxostat in rats. METHODS A simple ultra-performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for the calculation of febuxostat in 100 µl rat plasma using febuxostat D7 as an internal standard (IS). The assay procedure involved a single-step, liquid-liquid extraction of febuxostat and IS from plasma with methanol. Pharmacokinetic parameters of febuxostat were determined in rats after an oral administration of febuxostat (5 mg/kg) to rats in the control, coadministered and pretreated groups of morin (10 mg/kg). RESULTS Compared to the control rats given febuxostat alone, the Cmax and AUC of febuxostat increased by 18 - 20 and 47 - 50%, respectively, in rats pretreated with morin. The plasma half-life (t1/2) of the pretreated group is increased by 2.5-fold compared with the control group. Consequently, relative bioavailability values of febuxostat in the rats pretreated with morin were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those from the control and coadministered groups. Increased bioavailability indicates that the presence of morin could be effective in inhibiting CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4-mediated metabolism and/or effective in inhibiting P-glycoprotein-mediated cellular efflux of febuxostat. CONCLUSION The presence of morin significantly enhanced the oral exposure of febuxostat, suggesting that concurrent use of morin or morin-containing dietary supplements with febuxostat should be verified to avoid drug-flavonoid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapendra Sahu
- Jamia Hamdard University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062 , India +91 11 2605 9688 5650 ; +91 11 2704 8685
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Ahmed IS, Hassan MA, Kondo T. Effect of lyophilized grapefruit juice on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug transport in-vitro and in-vivo. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 41:375-81. [PMID: 24303901 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.866141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The administration of grapefruit juice (GFJ) has been postulated to inhibit the activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport system and thus can enhance the uptake of substrate drugs. However, for various reasons, the results obtained have been always swaying between confirmation and refutation. This study aims at re-evaluating the effect of lyophilized freshly-prepared grapefruit juice (LGFJ) prepared from the whole peeled fruit on P-gp activity using the model drug doxorubicin (DOX) in-vitro and timolol maleate (TM) in-vivo. Human uterine sarcoma MES-SA/DX5v cells, grown under nanomolar concentration of DOX and highly expressing P-gp, were used as model cells for in-vitro studies whereas white New Zealand male rabbits were used for in-vivo studies. Results showed that the accumulation of DOX in MES-SA/DX5v cells was increased by 18.3 ± 2.0% in presence of LGFJ compared to control experiments. Results from in-vivo absorption studies showed that the relative oral bioavailability of TM ingested with LGFJ was significantly higher by 70% and 43% compared to the oral bioavailability of TM ingested with saline and a commercial GFJ, respectively. This study as such confirms the inhibitory effects of LGFJ on P-gp efflux proteins and highlights the superiority of using lyophilized freshly prepared juices over the commercially available juices in research studies. Also, the results call for further studies to assess the possibility of co-administrating LGFJ with anti-cancer agents to modulate multidrug resistance in their cellular environment or incorporating LGFJ in solid dosage forms to improve oral bioavailability of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman S Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah , Sharjah , United Arab Emirates
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Ravishankar D, Rajora AK, Greco F, Osborn HM. Flavonoids as prospective compounds for anti-cancer therapy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2821-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Adisa RA, Olorunsogo OO. Robustaside B and para‑hydroxyphenol: phenolic and antioxidant compounds purified from Cnestis ferruginea D.C induced membrane permeability transition in rat liver mitochondria. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:1493-8. [PMID: 24026541 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant properties of robustaside B and para‑hydroxyphenol isolated from Cnestis ferruginea were measured as the rate of inhibition of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) production in the Fe2+/ascorbate system. The modulatory effects of the compounds on mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT) were monitored spectrophotometrically as decreases in light scattering at 540 nm. The varying concentrations of robustaside B and para‑hydroxyphenol (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mM) significantly reduced (P<0.05) the amount of TBARS generated by the Fe2+/ascorbate system by 85.3, 86.4, 86.0, 86.1, 86.0, 86.0 and 86.0% and 86.7, 81.3, 81.3, 80, 80, 82.6 and 83.1%, respectively. Similarly, quercetin, a standard antioxidant, was found to induce an 80% reduction in the amount of TBARS produced. The same IC50 value of 0.025 mM was observed for robustaside B, para‑hydroxyphenol and quercetin. Pre‑incubation of varying concentrations of robustaside B (0.125, 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mM) with succinate‑energized mitochondria induced MMPT pore opening by 0, ‑33.3, ‑59.3 and ‑218.5%, compared with control mitochondria. Para‑hydroxyphenol at 0.1, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.5 mM induced MMPT pore opening in a concentration‑dependent manner up to 0.25 mM by ‑21, ‑54.4 and ‑107.0%, respectively. Quercetin at 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mM also induced MMPT pore opening in the absence of calcium in a concentration‑dependent manner by 5, 3.7, ‑42.6, ‑81.5, ‑187 and ‑161.1%, respectively. The current observations confirm the antioxidant properties of robustaside B and para‑hydroxyphenol, and indicate a potential therapeutic use of the compounds for the treatment of diseases requiring the induction of cell death, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmat A Adisa
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria
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Vinod BS, Maliekal TT, Anto RJ. Phytochemicals as chemosensitizers: from molecular mechanism to clinical significance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1307-48. [PMID: 22871022 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the clinical relevance of chemosensitization, giving special reference to the phenolic phytochemicals, curcumin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, emodin, and resveratrol, which are potential candidates due to their ability to regulate multiple survival pathways without inducing toxicity. We also give a brief summary of all the clinical trials related to the important phytochemicals that emerge as chemosensitizers. The mode of action of these phytochemicals in regulating the key players of the death receptor pathway and multidrug resistance proteins is also abridged. Rigorous efforts in identifying novel chemosensitizers and unraveling their molecular mechanism have resulted in some of the promising candidates such as curcumin, genistein, and polyphenon E, which have gone into clinical trials. Even though considerable research has been conducted in identifying the salient molecular players either contributing to drug efflux or inhibiting DNA repair and apoptosis, both of which ultimately lead to the development of chemoresistance, the interdependence of the molecular pathways leading to chemoresistance is still the impeding factor in the success of chemotherapy. Even though clinical trials are going on to evaluate the chemosensitizing efficacy of phytochemicals such as curcumin, genistein, and polyphenon E, recent results indicate that more intense study is required to confirm their clinical efficacy. Current reports also warrant intense investigation about the use of more phytochemicals such as quercetin, emodin, and resveratrol as chemosensitizers, as all of them have been shown to modulate one or more of the key regulators of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandran S Vinod
- Cancer Research Program, Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Tankanow R, Tamer HR, Streetman DS, Smith SG, Welton JL, Annesley T, Aaronson KD, Bleske BE. Interaction Study between Digoxin and a Preparation of Hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha). J Clin Pharmacol 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/0091270003253417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Wesołowska O, Wiśniewski J, Sroda-Pomianek K, Bielawska-Pohl A, Paprocka M, Duś D, Duarte N, Ferreira MJU, Michalak K. Multidrug resistance reversal and apoptosis induction in human colon cancer cells by some flavonoids present in citrus plants. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1896-1902. [PMID: 23137376 DOI: 10.1021/np3003468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells constitutes one of the main reasons for chemotherapy failure. The search for nontoxic modulators that reduce MDR is a task of great importance. An ability to enhance apoptosis of resistant cells would also be beneficial. In the present study, the MDR reversal and apoptosis-inducing potency of three flavonoids produced by Citrus plants, namely, naringenin (1a), aromadendrin (2), and tangeretin (3), and the methylated naringenin derivatives (1b, 1c), have been studied in sensitive (LoVo) and multidrug-resistant (LoVo/Dx) human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Cytotoxicity of methoxylated flavonoids was higher as compared to hydroxylated analogues. Only 3 turned out to inhibit P-glycoprotein, as demonstrated by a rhodamine 123 accumulation assay. It also increased doxorubicin accumulation in LoVo/Dx cells and enabled doxorubicin to enter cellular nuclei. In addition, 3 was found to be an effective MDR modulator in resistant cells by sensitizing them to doxorubicin. Tangeretin-induced caspase-3 activation and elevated surface phosphatidylserine exposure demonstrated its apoptosis-inducing activity in LoVo/Dx cells, while the other flavonoids evaluated were not active. Additionally, 3 was more toxic to resistant rather than to sensitive cancer cells. Its apoptosis-inducing activity was also higher in LoVo/Dx than in LoVo cells. It was concluded that the activity of 3 against multidrug-resistant cancer cells may be enhanced by its apoptosis-inducing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Wesołowska
- Department of Biophysics, Wrocław Medical University , ul. Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
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Wink M, Ashour ML, El-Readi MZ. Secondary Metabolites from Plants Inhibiting ABC Transporters and Reversing Resistance of Cancer Cells and Microbes to Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Agents. Front Microbiol 2012; 3:130. [PMID: 22536197 PMCID: PMC3332394 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal, bacterial, and cancer cells can develop resistance against antifungal, antibacterial, or anticancer agents. Mechanisms of resistance are complex and often multifactorial. Mechanisms include: (1) Activation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, such as P-gp, which pump out lipophilic compounds that have entered a cell, (2) Activation of cytochrome p450 oxidases which can oxidize lipophilic agents to make them more hydrophilic and accessible for conjugation reaction with glucuronic acid, sulfate, or amino acids, and (3) Activation of glutathione transferase, which can conjugate xenobiotics. This review summarizes the evidence that secondary metabolites (SM) of plants, such as alkaloids, phenolics, and terpenoids can interfere with ABC transporters in cancer cells, parasites, bacteria, and fungi. Among the active natural products several lipophilic terpenoids [monoterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenes (including saponins), steroids (including cardiac glycosides), and tetraterpenes] but also some alkaloids (isoquinoline, protoberberine, quinoline, indole, monoterpene indole, and steroidal alkaloids) function probably as competitive inhibitors of P-gp, multiple resistance-associated protein 1, and Breast cancer resistance protein in cancer cells, or efflux pumps in bacteria (NorA) and fungi. More polar phenolics (phenolic acids, flavonoids, catechins, chalcones, xanthones, stilbenes, anthocyanins, tannins, anthraquinones, and naphthoquinones) directly inhibit proteins forming several hydrogen and ionic bonds and thus disturbing the 3D structure of the transporters. The natural products may be interesting in medicine or agriculture as they can enhance the activity of active chemotherapeutics or pesticides or even reverse multidrug resistance, at least partially, of adapted and resistant cells. If these SM are applied in combination with a cytotoxic or antimicrobial agent, they may reverse resistance in a synergistic fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University Heidelberg, Germany
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Chan KF, Wong ILK, Kan JWY, Yan CSW, Chow LMC, Chan TH. Amine Linked Flavonoid Dimers as Modulators for P-Glycoprotein-Based Multidrug Resistance: Structure–Activity Relationship and Mechanism of Modulation. J Med Chem 2012; 55:1999-2014. [DOI: 10.1021/jm201121b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Fai Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine
and Molecular Pharmacology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Iris L. K. Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine
and Molecular Pharmacology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jason W. Y. Kan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine
and Molecular Pharmacology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Clare S. W. Yan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine
and Molecular Pharmacology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Larry M. C. Chow
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine
and Molecular Pharmacology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tak Hang Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, State Key
Laboratory of Chirosciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine
and Molecular Pharmacology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2K6, Canada
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Wein S, Cermak R, Wolffram S, Langguth P. Chronic quercetin feeding decreases plasma concentrations of salicylamide phase II metabolites in pigs following oral administration. Xenobiotica 2011; 42:477-82. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2011.641607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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41
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Li Y, Revalde JL, Reid G, Paxton JW. Interactions of dietary phytochemicals with ABC transporters: possible implications for drug disposition and multidrug resistance in cancer. Drug Metab Rev 2011; 42:590-611. [PMID: 20433315 DOI: 10.3109/03602531003758690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Common foods, such as fruits and vegetables, contain a large variety of secondary metabolites known as phytochemicals, many of which have been associated with health benefits. However, there is a limited knowledge of the processes by which these, mainly charged, phytochemicals (and/or their metabolites) are absorbed into the body, reach their biological target, and how they are eliminated. Recent studies have indicated that some of these phytochemicals are substrates and modulators of specific members of the superfamily of ABC transporting proteins. In this review, we present the reported interactions between the different classes of phytochemicals and ABC transporters and the mechanism by which they modulate the activity of these transporters. We also discuss the implications that such interactions may have on the pharmacokinetics of xenobiotics and the possible role of phytochemicals in the reversal of multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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42
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Yu CP, Wu PP, Hou YC, Lin SP, Tsai SY, Chen CT, Chao PDL. Quercetin and rutin reduced the bioavailability of cyclosporine from Neoral, an immunosuppressant, through activating P-glycoprotein and CYP 3A4. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:4644-4648. [PMID: 21466223 DOI: 10.1021/jf104786t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin and rutin are popular flavonoids in plant foods, herbs, and dietary supplements. Cyclosporine (CSP), an immunosuppressant with a narrow therapeutic window, is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4). This study investigated the effects of quercetin and rutin on CSP pharmacokinetics from Neoral and relevant mechanisms. Rats were orally administered Neoral with and without quercetin or rutin. The blood CSP concentration was assayed by a specific monoclonal fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The results showed that quercetin and rutin significantly decreased the C(max) of CSP by 67.8 and 63.2% and reduced the AUC(0-540) by 43.3 and 57.2%, respectively. The in vitro studies indicated that the quercetin and rutin induced the functions of P-gp and CYP3A4. In conclusion, quercetin and rutin decreased the bioavailability of CSP through activating P-gp and CYP3A. Transplant patients treated with Neoral should avoid concurrent consumption of quercetin or rutin to minimize the risk of allograft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ping Yu
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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43
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Choi SJ, Choi JS. The Promotive Effects of Antioxidative Apigenin on the Bioavailability of Paclitaxel for Oral Delivery in Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2010. [DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2010.18.4.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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44
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Chen C, Zhou J, Ji C. Quercetin: a potential drug to reverse multidrug resistance. Life Sci 2010; 87:333-8. [PMID: 20637779 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Revised: 06/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This review centers on recent findings with respect to modulating cancer multidrug resistance (MDR) with the well-known flavonoid quercetin. After a short introduction of quercetin, major in vitro and in vivo findings are summarized showing that quercetin is a MDR modulator and thus a potential chemosensitizer. Finally, we contemplate future prospects of modulating MDR in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, PR China
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45
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Alvarez AI, Real R, Pérez M, Mendoza G, Prieto JG, Merino G. Modulation of the activity of ABC transporters (P-glycoprotein, MRP2, BCRP) by flavonoids and drug response. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:598-617. [PMID: 19544374 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present article aims to review the up-to-date information on the most recent studies of the interaction of flavonoids with ABC transporters, in particular the drug pharmacokinetic consequences of such a relationship. In addition, the modulation of the expression of the ABC transporters by flavonoids is also illustrated. Flavonoids are a large group of plant polyphenols present extensively in our daily diets and herbal products. High intake of isoflavones has been associated with a variety of beneficial effects on several common diseases. These polyphenols interact with ABC drug transporters involved in drug resistance and drug absorption, distribution and excretion. A number of studies have demonstrated inhibition of drug transporters by flavonoids. This flavonoid-ABC-transporter interaction could be beneficial for poorly absorbed drugs but could also result in severe drug intoxication, especially drugs with a narrow therapeutic window. On the other hand, flavonoids are themselves substrates of ABC transporters. These proteins can affect the oral availability and tissue distribution of these compounds, modifying their beneficial effects. The challenge is to find a suitable way to predict harmful drug-flavonoid interactions mediated by these transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Alvarez
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
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Dreiseitel A, Oosterhuis B, Vukman KV, Schreier P, Oehme A, Locher S, Hajak G, Sand PG. Berry anthocyanins and anthocyanidins exhibit distinct affinities for the efflux transporters BCRP and MDR1. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 158:1942-50. [PMID: 19922539 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Dietary anthocyanins hold great promise in the prevention of chronic disease but factors affecting their bioavailability remain poorly defined. Specifically, the role played by transport mechanisms at the intestinal and blood-brain barriers (BBB) is currently unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In the present study, 16 anthocyanins and anthocyanidins were exposed to the human efflux transporters multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), using dye efflux, ATPase and, for BCRP, vesicular transport assays. KEY RESULTS All test compounds interacted with the BCRP transporter in vitro. Of these, seven emerged as potential BCRP substrates (malvidin, petunidin, malvidin-3-galactoside, malvidin-3,5-diglucoside, cyanidin-3-galactoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside) and 12 as potential inhibitors of BCRP (cyanidin, peonidin, cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, malvidin, pelargonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, delphinidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside, malvidin-3-galactoside). Malvidin, malvidin-3-galactoside and petunidin exhibited bimodal activities serving as BCRP substrates at low concentrations and, at higher concentrations, as BCRP inhibitors. Effects on MDR1, in contrast, were weak. Only aglycones exerted mild inhibitory activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Although the anthocyanidins under study may alter pharmacokinetics of drugs that are BCRP substrates, they are less likely to interfere with activities of MDR1 substrates. The present data suggest that several anthocyanins and anthocyanidins may be actively transported out of intestinal tissues and endothelia, limiting their bioavailability in plasma and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dreiseitel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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47
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Wang Y, Cao J, Zeng S. Involvement of P-glycoprotein in regulating cellular levels of Ginkgo flavonols: quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 57:751-8. [PMID: 15969930 DOI: 10.1211/0022357056299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin were the most important flavonoid constituents in extracts from Ginkgo biloba leaves. Transport studies of Ginkgo flavonols were performed in Caco-2 cell mono-layers. Their apparent permeability in absorptive and secretion directions was determined, and quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin displayed polarized transport, with the Papp,B-A being higher than the Papp,A-B (P < 0.01 for quercetin, P < 0.001 for kaempferol and isorhamnetin, Student's t-test). Bcap37/MDR1 cells, which were transfected with a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) gene construct, were treated with quercetin, kaempferol or isorhamnetin. The concentrations of Ginkgo flavonol in Bcap37/MDR1 cells were lower than those in parent cells (P < 0.05 for quercetin, P < 0.01 for isorhamnetin, Mann-Whitney U test). The concentrations of the flavonol in transfected cells increased when incubated with the P-gp inhibitor verapamil (P < 0.05 for kaempferol, Mann-Whitney U test). A colorometric assay for ATPase activity was applied to the detection of interaction of flavonol with P-gp. Quercetin and kaempferol inhibited the ATPase activity, and isorhamnetin stimulated the ATPase activity (P < 0.05 for isorhamnetin, Mann Whitney U test). The results indicated that Ginkgo flavonols quercetin, kaempferol and isorhamnetin were substrates of P-gp. The P-gp type efflux pump might limit the bioavailability of Ginkgo flavonols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Drug Metabolism, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310031, People's Republic of China
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48
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Borska S, Sopel M, Chmielewska M, Zabel M, Dziegiel P. Quercetin as a potential modulator of P-glycoprotein expression and function in cells of human pancreatic carcinoma line resistant to daunorubicin. Molecules 2010; 15:857-70. [PMID: 20335952 PMCID: PMC6263194 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15020857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is one of the ABC transporters responsible for the resistance of several tumours to successful chemotherapy. Numerous agents are capable of interfering with the P-gp-mediated export of drugs but unfortunately most of them produce serious side effects. Some plant polyphenols, including the flavonol quercetin (Q), manifest anti-neoplastic activity mainly due to their influence on cell cycle control and apoptosis. Reports are also available which show that Q may intensify action of cytostatic drugs and suppress the multidrug resistance (MDR) phenomenon. The study aimed at determination if Q sensitizes cells resistant to daunorubicin (DB) through its effect on P-gp expression and action. The experiments were conducted on two cell lines of human pancreatic carcinoma, resistant to DB EPP85-181RDB and sensitive EPP85-181P as a comparison. Cells of both lines were exposed to selected concentrations of Q and DB, and then membranous expression of P-gp and its transport function were examined. The influence on expression of gene for P-gp (ABCB1) was also investigated. Results of the studies confirmed that Q affects expression and function of P-gp in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover it decreased expression of ABCB1. Thus, Q may be considered as a potential modulator of P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Borska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, T. Chalubinski Street 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
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49
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Sheu MT, Liou YB, Kao YH, Lin YK, Ho HO. A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship for the Modulation Effects of Flavonoids on P-Glycoprotein-Mediated Transport. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:1187-94. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi-Bo Liou
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
| | - Yu-Han Kao
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
| | - Ying-Ku Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
| | - Hsiu-O Ho
- College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University
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50
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Duthie GG, Duthie SJ, Kyle JA. Plant polyphenols in cancer and heart disease: implications as nutritional antioxidants. Nutr Res Rev 2009; 13:79-106. [PMID: 19087434 DOI: 10.1079/095442200108729016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Certain dietary antioxidants such as vitamin E and vitamin C are important for maintaining optimum health. There is now much interest in polyphenolic products of the plant phenylpropanoid pathway as they have considerable antioxidant activity in vitro and are ubiquitous in our diet. Rich sources include tea, wine, fruits and vegetables although levels are affected by species, light, degree of ripeness, processing and storage. This confounds the formulation of databases for the estimation of dietary intakes. Most attention to date has focused on the flavonoids, a generic term which includes chalcones, flavones, flavanones, flavanols and anthocyanins. There is little convincing epidemiological evidence that intakes of polyphenols are inversely related to the incidence of cancer whereas a number of studies suggest that high intakes of flavonoids may be protective against CHD. In contrast, numerous cell culture and animal models indicate potent anticarcinogenic activity by certain polyphenols mediated through a range of mechanisms including antioxidant activity, enzyme modulation, gene expression, apoptosis, upregulation of gap junction communication and P-glycoprotein activation. Possible protective effects against heart disease may be due to the ability of some polyphenols to prevent the oxidation of LDL to an atherogenic form although anti-platelet aggregation activity and vasodilatory properties are also reported. However, some polyphenols are toxic in mammalian cells. Thus, until more is known about their bioavailability, metabolism and intracellular location, increasing intakes of polyphenols by supplements or food fortification may be unwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- G G Duthie
- Division of Cellular Integrity, Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK.
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