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HEYMAN JJ. SECTION OF BIOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL SCIENCES: NICOTINAMIDE METABOLISM IN SCHIZOPHRENICS, DRUG ADDICTS, AND NORMALS: THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS AND HORMONES*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 26:354-60. [PMID: 14170546 DOI: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1964.tb01256.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Magee WL, Berry JF, Strickland KP, Rossiter RJ. Labelling of phospholipids from inorganic [P]phosphate in brain preparations. Effect of acetylcholine, chlorpromazine and azacyclonol. Biochem J 2006; 88:45-52. [PMID: 16749027 PMCID: PMC1203845 DOI: 10.1042/bj0880045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W L Magee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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THOMPSON W, STRICKLAND KP, ROSSITER RJ. Biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol in rat brain. Biochem J 1998; 87:136-42. [PMID: 13981209 PMCID: PMC1276850 DOI: 10.1042/bj0870136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bell FP. Effect of chlorpromazine on lipid metabolism in aortas from cholesterol-fed rabbits and normal rats, in vitro: inhibition of sterol esterification and modification of phospholipid synthesis. Exp Mol Pathol 1983; 38:336-45. [PMID: 6852207 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(83)90073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpromazine (CPZ), a major tranquilizer, was found to be a potent inhibitor of acylCoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT, EC 2.3.1.26) in isolated arterial microsomes and in intact arterial tissue from the rat and cholesterol-fed rabbit in vitro. In isolated rabbit arterial microsomes, CPZ resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of ACAT with 50% inhibition of [1-14C]oleoylCoA incorporation into [14C]cholesteryl esters occurring at 0.1 mM CPZ. CPZ also effectively inhibited the incorporation of [14C]oleate into triglycerides without affecting incorporation into diglycerides. Additionally, CPZ altered the pattern of arterial phospholipids synthesized from [1-14C]oleate. Incorporation into phosphatidylcholine was depressed while incorporation into phosphatidylinositol was increased. Since diglyceride synthesis appeared to be unaffected by CPZ, a redirection of phosphatidic acid into the CDP-diglyceride pathway of glycerolipid synthesis does not adequately account for the effect of CPZ on arterial phospholipid and triglyceride synthesis in these experiments.
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Johnson P, Rising TJ, Trist DG. Effects of desmethylimipramine and diphenylpropene derivatives on synthesis of rat brain lipids in vivo. Life Sci 1973; 13:875-83. [PMID: 4766264 DOI: 10.1016/0024-3205(73)90078-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Bachelard HS, Lindsay JR. Effects of neurotropic drugs on glucose metabolism in rat brain in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 1966; 15:1053-8. [PMID: 5973155 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(66)90270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Drugs Affecting Lipid Synthesis. Med Chem 1964. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-544952-6.50008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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GUTH PS, SPIRTES MA. The Phenothiazinetranquilizers: Biochemical and Biophysical Actions. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1964; 7:231-78. [PMID: 14289332 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7742(08)60269-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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ANSELL GB, MARSHALL EF. SOME EFFECTS OF CHLORPROMAZINE ON BRAIN PHOSPHOLIPID METABOLISM?I EFFECTS OF THE DRUG ON PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO. J Neurochem 1963; 10:875-81. [PMID: 14087691 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1963.tb11914.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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BROSSARD M, QUASTEL JH. Effects of morphine and Tofranil on the incorporation of phosphate (32P) into phospolipids of rat brain slices. Biochem Pharmacol 1963; 12:766-8. [PMID: 14015847 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(63)90054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Magee WL, Rossiter RJ. INCORPORATION OF INORGANIC P32INTO PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF BRAIN SLICES: EFFECT OF CERTAIN TRANQUILLIZING DRUGS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1139/o63-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Promazine, promethazine, tetrameprazine, and WY 1172, four tranquillizing drugs that are derivatives of phenothiazine, resembled chlorpromazine in that when they were added in a concentration of 0.1 mM to slices of guinea pig brain respiring in a suitable medium they stimulated the incorporation of inorganic P32into the phospholipids of the slices. With one of the drugs, promethazine, this concentration of 0.1 mM was found to cause no significant increase in respiration, in aerobic glycolysis, or in the concentration of phosphocreatine. In higher concentrations (1.0 mM), all of the compounds inhibited the labelling of phospholipid. Promethazine caused a reduction in respiration and in the concentration of phosphocreatine, accompanied by an increase in aerobic glycolysis. Methylene blue, a derivative of phenothiazine with no reported tranquillizing properties, did not stimulate the labelling of phospholipid in brain slices. Azacyclonol, pipradrol, and mepazine, drugs that are derivatives of piperidine, also stimulated phospholipid labelling in low concentrations and inhibited the labelling at higher concentrations. Piperidine and benzhydrol, the two components from which azacyclonol is derived, did not stimulate phospholipid labelling at the concentration which was most effective for azacyclonol. Low concentrations of benzhydrol, however, caused a slight stimulation. Meprobamate and phenaglycodol, two other compounds with reputed tranquillizing action, had either little or no effect. Most of the substances tested inhibited phospholipid labelling when they were added in sufficiently high concentrations.
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FUMAGALLI R, GROSSI E, PAOLETTI P. THE EFFECT OF IMIPRAMINE AND DESMETHYL-IMIPRAMINE ON LIPID BIOSYNTHESIS IN BRAIN AND LIVER. J Neurochem 1963; 10:213-7. [PMID: 13960260 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1963.tb09485.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Pritchard ET, Rossiter RJ. FORMATION OF PHOSPHATIDES FROM C14-LABELLED PRECURSORS IN RAT BRAIN SLICES. EFFECT OF CHLORPROMAZINE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1139/o63-043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The addition of chlorpromazine (0.1 mM) to slices of rat brain respiring in a suitable medium caused an increase in the incorporation of radioactivity from glycerol-1-C14, glycine-2-C14, and serine-3-C14 into the phospholipids of the slices. There was no increase in the incorporation of radioactivity from choline-1,2-C14 or ethanolamine-1,2-C14. Examination of the individual phosphatides showed an increase in the incorporation of radioactivity from glycerol-1-C14 into phosphatidc acid and phosphatidyl serine, with no change for lecithin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Higher concentrations of chlorpromazine (1.0 mM) either inhibited (glycerol-1-C14, choline-1,2-C14), did not significantly alter (glycine-2-C14, ethanolamine-1,2-C14), or stimulated (serine-3-C14) the incorporation of radioactivity into phospholipids. These results are discussed in relation to previous experiments, in which it was found that the addition of chlorpromazine (0.1 mM) to slices of guinea pig brain caused an increase in the incorporation of inorganic P32 into phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl serine, but not into lecithin or phosphatidyl ethanolamine.
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Magee WL, Rossiter RJ. INCORPORATION OF INORGANIC P32INTO PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF BRAIN SLICES: EFFECT OF CERTAIN TRANQUILLIZING DRUGS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1139/y63-131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Promazine, promethazine, tetrameprazine, and WY 1172, four tranquillizing drugs that are derivatives of phenothiazine, resembled chlorpromazine in that when they were added in a concentration of 0.1 mM to slices of guinea pig brain respiring in a suitable medium they stimulated the incorporation of inorganic P32into the phospholipids of the slices. With one of the drugs, promethazine, this concentration of 0.1 mM was found to cause no significant increase in respiration, in aerobic glycolysis, or in the concentration of phosphocreatine. In higher concentrations (1.0 mM), all of the compounds inhibited the labelling of phospholipid. Promethazine caused a reduction in respiration and in the concentration of phosphocreatine, accompanied by an increase in aerobic glycolysis. Methylene blue, a derivative of phenothiazine with no reported tranquillizing properties, did not stimulate the labelling of phospholipid in brain slices. Azacyclonol, pipradrol, and mepazine, drugs that are derivatives of piperidine, also stimulated phospholipid labelling in low concentrations and inhibited the labelling at higher concentrations. Piperidine and benzhydrol, the two components from which azacyclonol is derived, did not stimulate phospholipid labelling at the concentration which was most effective for azacyclonol. Low concentrations of benzhydrol, however, caused a slight stimulation. Meprobamate and phenaglycodol, two other compounds with reputed tranquillizing action, had either little or no effect. Most of the substances tested inhibited phospholipid labelling when they were added in sufficiently high concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. L. Magee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
| | - R. J. Rossiter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
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Pritchard ET, Rossiter RJ. FORMATION OF PHOSPHATIDES FROM C14-LABELLED PRECURSORS IN RAT BRAIN SLICES. EFFECT OF CHLORPROMAZINE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1963. [DOI: 10.1139/y63-043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The addition of chlorpromazine (0.1 mM) to slices of rat brain respiring in a suitable medium caused an increase in the incorporation of radioactivity from glycerol-1-C14, glycine-2-C14, and serine-3-C14 into the phospholipids of the slices. There was no increase in the incorporation of radioactivity from choline-1,2-C14 or ethanolamine-1,2-C14. Examination of the individual phosphatides showed an increase in the incorporation of radioactivity from glycerol-1-C14 into phosphatidc acid and phosphatidyl serine, with no change for lecithin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Higher concentrations of chlorpromazine (1.0 mM) either inhibited (glycerol-1-C14, choline-1,2-C14), did not significantly alter (glycine-2-C14, ethanolamine-1,2-C14), or stimulated (serine-3-C14) the incorporation of radioactivity into phospholipids. These results are discussed in relation to previous experiments, in which it was found that the addition of chlorpromazine (0.1 mM) to slices of guinea pig brain caused an increase in the incorporation of inorganic P32 into phosphatidic acid, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl serine, but not into lecithin or phosphatidyl ethanolamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. T. Pritchard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
| | - R. J. Rossiter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
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Marshall EF, Ansell GB. THE EFFECT OF CHLORPROMAZINE ON PHOSPHATE EXCHANGE IN THE PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF RAT BRAIN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO. Acta Neurol Scand 1962. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1962.tb05271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wagner H, Lissau Ä, Hölzl J, Hörhammer L. The incorporation of P32 into the inositol phosphatides of rat brain. J Lipid Res 1962. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Takahashi Y, Akabane Y. INCORPORATION OF [14C]GLYCINE INTO GLUTATHIONE IN RAT CEREBRAL CORTEX SLICES. J Neurochem 1961. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1961.tb13601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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GROSSI E, PAOLETTI P, PAOLETTI R. THE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EFFECTS OF CHLORPROMAZINE ON BRAIN LIPID SYNTHESIS. J Neurochem 1960; 6:73-8. [PMID: 13709070 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1960.tb13450.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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McILWAIN H, GREENGARD O. Excitants and depressants of the central nervous system, on isolated electrically-stimulated cerebral tissues. J Neurochem 1957; 1:348-57. [PMID: 13476201 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1957.tb12092.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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ANSELL GB, DOHMEN H. The metabolism of individual phospholipids in the rat brain during hypoglycaemia, anaesthesia and convulsions. J Neurochem 1957; 2:1-10. [PMID: 13492053 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1957.tb12346.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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