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Würfel H, Pfeifer A, Heinze T. Efficient heterogeneous synthesis of nucleophilic carboxymethyl hydrazides of polysaccharides. Biopolymers 2024; 115:e23574. [PMID: 38469937 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nucleophilic moieties in polysaccharides (PS) with distinct higher reactivity compared with the hydroxy group are interesting for sustainable applications in chemistry, medicine, and pharmacy. An efficient heterogeneous method for the formation of such nucleophilic PS is described. Employing alcohols as slurry medium, protonated carboxymethyl (CM) PS and hydrazine hydrate are allowed to react at elevated temperatures. The CM derivatives of starch and pullulan can be transformed almost quantitatively to the corresponding hydrazides. The reaction is less efficient for CM dextrans and CM xylans. As slurry media, 2-propanol and ethanol were probed, and the results are compared with a homogeneous procedure performed in water. Overall, the heterogeneous procedure is superior compared with the homogeneous route. 2-Propanol is the best slurry medium investigated yielding PS hydrazides with the highest nitrogen content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendryk Würfel
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Annett Pfeifer
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
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Geitel K, Würfel H, Günther W, Heinze T. Synthesis and characterization of nucleophilic polysaccharide carbazates. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 329:121727. [PMID: 38286527 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
A simple synthesis of amino polysaccharides (PS) could be developed. Phenyl carbonates (PC) of xylan, dextran, and cellulose were easily transferred into PS carbazates by conversion with hydrazine hydrate. The degree of substitution could be adjusted by varying the molar ratio of hydrazine to PS repeating unit, enabling the preparation of both pure PS carbazates and derivatives with bifunctional reactivity containing the reactive PC and the amino group of the carbazate moiety. Further functionalization of the derivatives is feasible with carbonyl compounds like aldehydes at the carbazate groups. The reactivity of carbazate groups is shown by the reaction with 4-fluorobenzaldehyde, resulting in the formation of Schiff base conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Geitel
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hendryk Würfel
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Günther
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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Dextrans and dextran derivatives as polyelectrolytes in layer-by-layer processing materials – A review. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 293:119700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zink M, Hotzel K, Schubert US, Heinze T, Fischer D. Amino Acid–Substituted Dextran‐Based Non‐Viral Vectors for Gene Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1900085. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zink
- Institute of PharmacyFriedrich Schiller University Jena Lessingstrasse 8 D‐07743 Jena Germany
| | - Konrad Hotzel
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 D‐07743 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 D‐07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 D‐07743 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 D‐07743 Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Heinze
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 D‐07743 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 D‐07743 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 D‐07743 Jena Germany
| | - Dagmar Fischer
- Institute of PharmacyFriedrich Schiller University Jena Lessingstrasse 8 D‐07743 Jena Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 D‐07743 Jena Germany
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Synthesis and film formation of furfuryl- and maleimido carbonic acid derivatives of dextran. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 161:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hotzel K, Heinze T. Novel dextran derivatives with unconventional structure formed in an efficient one-pot reaction. Carbohydr Res 2016; 434:77-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Aminabhavi TM, Deshmukh AS. Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogels as Biomaterials. POLYMERIC HYDROGELS AS SMART BIOMATERIALS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-25322-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Yi L, Sun X, Du K, Ouyang Y, Wu C, Xu N, Linhardt RJ, Zhang Z. UP-HILIC-MS/MS to Determine the Action Pattern of Penicillium sp. Dextranase. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1174-1185. [PMID: 25930093 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the action pattern of enzymes acting on carbohydrates is challenging, as both the substrate and the digestion products are complex mixtures. Dextran and its enzyme-derived oligosaccharides are widely used for many industrial applications. In this work, a new method relying on ultra-performance hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UP-HILIC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) was developed to analyze a complex mixture of dextran oligosaccharide products to determine the action pattern of dextranase. No derivatization of oligosaccharides was required and the impact of the α- and β-configurations of the native oligosaccharides on the chromatographic separation was eliminated. The 1→6, 1→3, 1→4 backbone linkages and the branch linkages of these oligosaccharides were all distinguished from diagnostic ions in their MS/MS spectra, including fragments corresponding to (0,2)A, (0,3)A, (0,4)A, B-H2O, (2,5)A, and (3,5)A. The sequences of the oligosaccharide products were similarly established. Thus, the complex oligosaccharide mixtures in dextran digestion products were profiled and identified using this method. The more enzyme-resistant structures in dextran were established using much less sample, labor, time, and uncertainty than in previous studies. This method provides an efficient, sensitive, and straightforward way to monitor the entire process of digestion, establish the action pattern of the dextranase from Penicillium sp., and to support the proper industrial application of dextranase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215021, China
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Kang HK, Kimura A, Kim D. Bioengineering of Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucansucrases that gives selected bond formation for glucan synthesis and/or acceptor-product synthesis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:4148-4155. [PMID: 21391600 DOI: 10.1021/jf104629g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The variations in glucosidic linkage specificity observed in products of different glucansucrases appear to be based on relatively small differences in amino acid sequences in their sugar-binding acceptor subsites. Various amino acid mutations near active sites of DSRBCB4 dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1299CB4 were constructed. A triple amino acid mutation (S642N/E643N/V644S) immediately next to the catalytic D641 (putative transition state stabilizing residue) converted DSRBCB4 enzyme from the synthesis of mainly α-(1→6) dextran to the synthesis of α-(1→6) glucan containing branches of α-(1→3) and α-(1→4) glucosidic linkages. The subsequent introduction of mutation V532P/V535I, located next to the catalytic D530 (nucleophile), resulted in the synthesis of an α-glucan containing increased branched α-(1→4) glucosidic linkages (approximately 11%). The results indicate that mutagenesis can guide glucansucrase toward the synthesis of various oligosaccharides or novel polysaccharides with completely altered linkages without compromising high transglycosylation activity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Kyoung Kang
- Research Institute for Catalysis and School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, Korea
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Maina NH, Virkki L, Pynnönen H, Maaheimo H, Tenkanen M. Structural Analysis of Enzyme-Resistant Isomaltooligosaccharides Reveals the Elongation of α-(1→3)-Linked Branches in Weissella confusa Dextran. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:409-18. [DOI: 10.1021/bm1011536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ndegwa Henry Maina
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Liisa Virkki
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Henna Pynnönen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Hannu Maaheimo
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
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Wondraczek H, Heinze T. Efficient Synthesis and Characterization of New Photoactive Dextran Esters Showing Nanosphere Formation. Macromol Biosci 2008; 8:606-14. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200800056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Remaud M, Paul F, Monsan P, Heyraud A, Rinaudo M. Molecular Weight Characterization and Structural Properties of Controlled Molecular Weight Dextrans Synthesized by Acceptor Reaction using Highly Purified Dextransucrase. J Carbohydr Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309108543955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hornig S, Liebert T, Heinze T. Structure Design of Multifunctional Furoate and Pyroglutamate Esters of Dextran by Polymer-Analogous Reactions. Macromol Biosci 2007; 7:297-306. [PMID: 17366516 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200600189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Well-defined multifunctionalized dextran esters bearing photo-crosslinkable and chiral groups as well as small alkyl moieties for the adjustment of the solubility were prepared from two dextran samples with different origin and molecular weight. The examination of side structures of the starting dextran was carried out by different one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. The main synthesis path via in situ activation of furan-2-carboxylic- and pyroglutamic acid with CDI under mild conditions gives highly functionalized dextran derivatives possessing a degree of polymerization in the range of the starting polysaccharide. The subsequent reaction with propionic anhydride leads to completely substituted, CHCl(3) soluble derivatives useful for the determination of the particular degree of substitution. By variation of the molar ratios of polymer to reagent with photo-crosslinkable- and chiral moieties during the reaction and even by subsequent peracylation, multifunctional dextran derivatives with adjustable properties like the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance were obtained that may form biocompatible spherical nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Hornig
- Center of Excellence for Polysaccharide Research, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Humboldtstrasse 10, Jena, Germany
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Remaud M, Paul F, Monsan P, Lopez-Munguia A, Vignon M. Characterization of α-(1→3) Branched Oligosaccharides Synthesized by Acceptor Reaction with the Extracellular Glucosyltransferases fromL. MesenteroidesNRRL B-742. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309208017999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Remaud
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - F. Paul
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - P. Monsan
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - A. Lopez-Munguia
- b Centro de Investigation sobre Ingenieria Genética y Biotecnologia , UNAM. Apartado Postal 510-3; Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62271, México
| | - M. Vignon
- c CERMAV-CNRS , BP, 53X 38041, Grenoble, cedex, France
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Hesse S, Liebert T, Heinze T. Studies on the Film Formation of Polysaccharide Based Furan-2-Carboxylic Acid Esters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200551407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Goulas AK, Fisher DA, Grimble GK, Grandison AS, Rastall RA. Synthesis of isomaltooligosaccharides and oligodextrans by the combined use of dextransucrase and dextranase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2004.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kim D, Robyt JF, Lee SY, Lee JH, Kim YM. Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM dextransucrase. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:1183-9. [PMID: 12747860 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM dextransucrase with increasing concentrations of sucrose, from 0.1 to 4.0 M, gave a decreasing amount of high-molecular weight dextran (HMWD) (>10(6) Da) with a concomitant increase in low-molecular weight dextran (LMWD) (<10(5) Da). At 0.1 M sucrose, pH 5.5, and 28 degrees C, 99.8% of the dextran had a MW>10(6) Da and at 4.0 M sucrose, 69.9% had a MW<10(5) Da and 30.1% had a MW>10(6) Da, giving a bimodal distribution. The degree of branching increased from 5% for 0.1 M sucrose to 16.6% for 4.0 M sucrose. The temperature had very little effect on the size of the dextran, which was >10(6) Da, but it had a significant effect on the degree of branching, which was 4.8% at 4 degrees C and increased to 14.7% at 45 degrees C. Both the molecular weight (MW) and the degree of branching were not significantly affected by different pH values between 4.5 and 6.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doman Kim
- Faculty of Applied Chemical Engineering and Engineering Research Institute, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-Dong, 500-757, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Dols M, Simeon MR, Willemot RM, Vignon MR, Monsan PF. Structural characterization of the maltose acceptor-products synthesized by Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 dextransucrase. Carbohydr Res 1997; 305:549-59. [PMID: 9648272 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(97)10063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The glucooligosaccharides (GOS), produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 dextransucrase through an acceptor reaction with maltose and sucrose, were purified by reverse phase chromatography. Logarithmic plots of retention time vs. dp of the GOS gave three parallel lines suggesting the existence of at least three families of homologous molecules. The structure (13C and 1H NMR spectroscopy) and reactivity of the purified molecules of the three families were investigated. All the products bear a maltose residue at the reducing end. The GOS in the first family (named OD) contained additional glucosyl residues all alpha-(1-->6) linked. The smallest molecule in this first series was panose or alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-D-maltose (dp 3). All the OD molecules were shown to be good acceptors for dextransucrase in the presence of sucrose. The second family, named R, was composed of linear GOS containing alpha-(1-->6)-linked glucosyl residues and a terminal alpha-(1-->2)-linked residue at the non-reducing end of the molecule; the smallest molecule in this family was alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-D-panose (dp 4). The third family, R', was formed of GOS containing additional residues linked through alpha-(1-->6) linkages that constitute the linear chain, and an alpha-(1-->2)-branched residue located on the penultimate element of the chain, near the non-reducing end. The smallest molecule in this series is alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-[alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-alpha-D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-D-panose, dp 6. R and R' GOS are very poor acceptors for L. mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 dextransucrase. This study makes it possible to suggest a rather simple reaction scheme, where molecules Ri, R'i and ODi of the same dp all result from the glucosylation of the same GOS: ODi-l.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dols
- Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR 5504, D.G.B.A., INSA, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Remaud-Simeon M, Lopez-Munguia A, Pelenc V, Paul F, Monsan P. Production and use of glucosyltransferases from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 for the synthesis of oligosaccharides containing alpha-(1-->2) linkages. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1994; 44:101-17. [PMID: 8017898 DOI: 10.1007/bf02921648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glucosyltransferase activities, produced by batch culture of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299, were recovered both in the culture supernatant (SGT) and associated with the insoluble part of the culture (IGT). A total glucosyltransferase activity of 3.5 U/mL was measured in batch culture. The enzymes from the supernatant were purified 313 times using aqueous two-phase partition between dextran and PEG phases, yielding a preparation with 18.8 U/mg protein. It was shown that both SGT and IGT preparations catalyze acceptor reactions and transfer the glucose unit from sucrose onto maltose to produce glucooligosaccharides. Some of the glucooligosaccharides synthesized (Ln series) contain alpha-(1-->6) osidic linkages and a maltose residue at the reducing end. They were completely hydrolyzed by glucoamylase and dextranase. The other glucooligosaccharides synthesized (Bn series) resisted the action of these enzymes. The tetrasaccharide of this series has been characterized by 13C NMR. Its structure was determined as 2-O-alpha-D-glucosylpanose. The oligosaccharides synthesized by the maltose acceptor reaction with the SGT and IGT preparations only differed in the relative amounts in which they were produced. The difference may arise from diffusional limitations appearing when the insoluble catalyst is used. Under the assay conditions, the glucanase resistant oligosaccharide yield was 35% with both glucosyltransferase preparations.
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Separation and quantitative determination of nanogram quantities of maltodextrins and isomaltodextrins by thin-layer chromatography. Carbohydr Res 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)84285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cheetham NW, Slodki ME, Walker GJ. Structure of the linear, low molecular weight dextran synthesized by a d-glucosyltransferase (GTF-S3) of Streptococcus sobrinus. Carbohydr Polym 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(91)90053-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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El-Sayed AHMM, Mahmoud WM, Coughlin RW. Production of dextransucrase byLeuconostoc mesenteroides immobilized in calcium-alginate beads: I. Batch and fed-batch fermentations. Biotechnol Bioeng 1990; 36:338-45. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260360404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Cheetham NW, Fiala-Beer E, Walker GJ. Dextran structural details from high-field proton NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydr Polym 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(90)90027-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Taylor C, Cheetham NW, Slodki ME, Walker GJ. Action of Endo-(1 → 6)-α-d-glucanases on the soluble dextrans produced by three extracellular α-d-glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus sobrinus. Carbohydr Polym 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(90)90040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cheetham NW, Walker GJ, Pearce BJ, Fiala-Beer E, Taylor C. Structures of water-soluble α-d-glucans synthesized from sucrose by glucosyltransferases isolated from Streptococcus sobrinus culture filtrates. Carbohydr Polym 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-8617(90)90003-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Walker GJ, Schuerch C. Activity of branched dextrans in the acceptor reaction of a glucosyltransferase (GTF-I) from Streptococcus mutans OMZ176. Carbohydr Res 1986; 146:259-70. [PMID: 2420448 DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(86)85045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ability of several native and chemically synthesized, branched dextrans to stimulate the activity of an alpha-D-glucosyltransferase (GTF-I) of Streptococcus mutans has been compared. The enzyme catalysed the transfer of glucosyl residues from sucrose with the formation of water-insoluble (1----3)-alpha-D-glucan. The rate of this reaction was greatly increased in the presence of dextran, and the extent of stimulation was negatively correlated with the degree of branching of the added dextran. The results refute the concept that growth of water-insoluble glucan occurs from the multiple, non-reducing termini of dextran acceptors.
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