1
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Relative Stability of Boron Planar Clusters in Diatomic Molecular Model. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051469. [PMID: 35268570 PMCID: PMC8911741 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the recently introduced phenomenological diatomic molecular model imagining the clusters as certain constructions of pair interatomic chemical bonds, there are estimated specific (per atom) binding energies of small all-boron planar clusters Bn, n = 1–15, in neutral single-anionic and single-cationic charge states. The theoretically obtained hierarchy of their relative stability/formation probability correlates not only with results of previous calculations, but also with available experimental mass-spectra of boron planar clusters generated in process of evaporation/ablation of boron-rich materials. Some overestimation in binding energies that are characteristic of the diatomic approach could be related to differences in approximations made during previous calculations, as well as measurement errors of these energies. According to the diatomic molecular model, equilibrium binding energies per B atom and B–B bond lengths are expected within ranges 0.37–6.26 eV and 1.58–1.65 Å, respectively.
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2
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Barroso J, Pan S, Merino G. Structural transformations in boron clusters induced by metal doping. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1098-1123. [PMID: 35029622 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00747e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, experimental techniques in conjunction with theoretical analyses have revealed the surprising structural diversity of boron clusters. Although the 2D to 3D transition thresholds are well-established, there is no certainty about the factors that determine the geometry adopted by these systems. The structural transformation induced by doping usually yields a minimum energy structure with a boron skeleton entirely different from that of the bare cluster. This review summarizes those clusters no larger than 40 boron atoms where one or two dopants show a radical transformation of the structure. Although the structures of these systems are not easy to predict, they often adopt familiar shapes such as umbrella-like, wheel, tubular, and cages in various cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Barroso
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico.
| | - Sudip Pan
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico.
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico.
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3
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Monajjemi M. Application of Group Theory for Evaluating the Jahn–Teller Effect and Analyzing the Stability Structure of Boron $$({\mathbf{B}}_{{n\,\, = \,\,(3 - 7)}}^{{ \mp ,0}})$$ Clusters. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023621140035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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4
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Anis I, Saleem Dar M, Rather GM, Dar MA. Exploring the structure and electronic properties of germanium doped boron clusters using density functional theory based global optimization method. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations to investigate the effect of single and double germanium atom doping on the geometric structure and electronic properties of boron clusters with 10 to 20 atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Anis
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Mohd. Saleem Dar
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ghulam Mohammad Rather
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
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5
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Ruan Q, Wang L, Bets KV, Yakobson BI. Step-Edge Epitaxy for Borophene Growth on Insulators. ACS NANO 2021; 15:18347-18353. [PMID: 34766759 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Borophene─a monatomic layer of boron atoms─stands out among two-dimensional (2D) materials, with its versatile properties tantalizing for physics exploration and next-generation devices. Yet its phases are all synthesized on and stay bound to metal substrates, hampering both characterization and use. Borophene growth on an inert insulator would allow postsynthesis exfoliation, but the weak adhesion to such a substrate results in a high 2D nucleation barrier, preventing clean borophene growth. This challenge can be circumvented in a strategy devised and demonstrated here with ab initio calculations. Naturally present 1D-defects, the step-edges on an h-BN substrate surface, enable boron epitaxial assembly, reduce the nucleation dimensionality, and lower the barrier by an order of magnitude (to 1.1 eV or less), yielding a v1/9 phase. Weak borophene adhesion to the insulator makes it readily accessible for comprehensive property tests or transfer into the device setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Ruan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Luqing Wang
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ksenia V Bets
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Boris I Yakobson
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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6
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Mercero JM, Ugalde JM. Electronic Structure and Electron Delocalization in Bare and Dressed Boron Pentamer Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5246-5255. [PMID: 34114818 PMCID: PMC9159651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The electronic structures of the lowest energy spin-states of the cationic, neutral and anionic bare boron pentamer clusters have been investigated by means of high level multiconfigurational type calculations, in view of the large static and dynamical electron correlation effects for these species. We found that B 5 + resembles a singlet spin-state perfect pentagon, which bears no intra-annular chemical bonding interactions, as shown by our analysis of the electron delocalization carried out in terms of the normalized Giambiagi ring-current index, and the total and adjacent atom-pair delocalization indices. However, its lowest-energy triplet and quintet spin-state isomers have C2v symmetry, with large intra-annular chemical bonding interactions. This geometrical feature extends to both the neutral and the anionic species. Namely, the lowest-energy isomers of boron pentamer neutral and anionic clusters have peripheral and intra-annular sizable bonding interactions reflected in the delocalization of both π- and σ-type valence natural orbitals over the whole molecular plane, which impart large structural stability. In accordance to our calculations, the lowest energy triplet spin-state isomer of the anionic boron pentamer cluster has C2 symmetry, and consequently, it should show optical activity. Finally, we have studied the change of the geometrical structure of the boron pentamer clusters from planar to compact three-dimensional structures caused by the bonding of ligands to the boron atoms. Our explicit all-electron calculations have been rationalized in terms of the shell-closure of the delocalized valence orbitals of the clusters as predicted by the jellium model extended to nonspherical confinement potentials, circumscribing the role of the ligand to modulate the total number of valence electrons assigned to the core cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Mercero
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko
Unbertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Jesus M. Ugalde
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko
Unbertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
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7
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Gribanova TN, Minyaev RM, Minkin VI. Stabilization of non-typical forms of boron clusters by beryllium doping. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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DFTB parameterization and its application for the global minimum search of the small boron-carbon clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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Jian T, Chen X, Li SD, Boldyrev AI, Li J, Wang LS. Probing the structures and bonding of size-selected boron and doped-boron clusters. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3550-3591. [PMID: 31120469 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00233b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Because of their interesting structures and bonding and potentials as motifs for new nanomaterials, size-selected boron clusters have received tremendous interest in recent years. In particular, boron cluster anions (Bn-) have allowed systematic joint photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical studies, revealing predominantly two-dimensional structures. The discovery of the planar B36 cluster with a central hexagonal vacancy provided the first experimental evidence of the viability of 2D borons, giving rise to the concept of borophene. The finding of the B40 cage cluster unveiled the existence of fullerene-like boron clusters (borospherenes). Metal-doping can significantly extend the structural and bonding repertoire of boron clusters. Main-group metals interact with boron through s/p orbitals, resulting in either half-sandwich-type structures or substitutional structures. Transition metals are more versatile in bonding with boron, forming a variety of structures including half-sandwich structures, metal-centered boron rings, and metal-centered boron drums. Transition metal atoms have also been found to be able to be doped into the plane of 2D boron clusters, suggesting the possibility of metalloborophenes. Early studies of di-metal-doped boron clusters focused on gold, revealing ladder-like boron structures with terminal gold atoms. Recent observations of highly symmetric Ta2B6- and Ln2Bn- (n = 7-9) clusters have established a family of inverse sandwich structures with monocyclic boron rings stabilized by two metal atoms. The study of size-selected boron and doped-boron clusters is a burgeoning field of research. Further investigations will continue to reveal more interesting structures and novel chemical bonding, paving the foundation for new boron-based chemical compounds and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Jian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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10
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Sarkar R, Baishya D, Mahapatra S. Photodetachment spectroscopy of carbon doped anionic boron cluster,CB9-: A theoretical study. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Nagare BJ, Chavan S, Bambole V. Static polarizabilities and optical absorption spectra of boron clusters (n = 2–20, 38 and 40) using first principles. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Sarkar R, Mahapatra S. Theoretical study of photodetachment spectroscopy of hydrogenated boron cluster anion H2B7− and its deuterated isotopomer. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:194305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4997217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rudraditya Sarkar
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
| | - S. Mahapatra
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India
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13
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Gribanova TN, Minyaev RM, Minkin VI. Stabilization of boron clusters with classical fullerene structures by combined doping effect: a quantum chemical study. Struct Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-017-1031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Chen Q, Li W, Zhao X, Li H, Feng L, Zhai H, Li S, Wang L. B
33
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and B
34
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: Aromatic Planar Boron Clusters with a Hexagonal Vacancy. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Chinese Academy of Sciences 100190 Beijing China
| | - Wei‐Li Li
- Department of Chemistry Brown University 02912 Providence RI USA
| | - Xiao‐Yun Zhao
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan China
| | - Hai‐Ru Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan China
| | - Lin‐Yan Feng
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan China
| | - Hua‐Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan China
| | - Si‐Dian Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science Shanxi University 030006 Taiyuan China
| | - Lai‐Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry Brown University 02912 Providence RI USA
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15
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Chigo-Anota E, Salazar Villanueva M, Valdez S, Castro M. In silico studies of the magnetic octahedral B6 − cluster—nitric oxide and [B6 −–NO]−–O2 interactions. Struct Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-017-0953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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16
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Chen Q, Tian WJ, Feng LY, Lu HG, Mu YW, Zhai HJ, Li SD, Wang LS. Planar B 38- and B 37- clusters with a double-hexagonal vacancy: molecular motifs for borophenes. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4550-4557. [PMID: 28321445 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00641a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Boron clusters have been found to exhibit a variety of interesting electronic, structural, and bonding properties. Of particular interest are the recent discoveries of the 2D hexagonal B36-/0 which led to the concept of borophenes and the 3D fullerene-like B40-/0 which marked the onset of borospherene chemistry. Here, we present a joint photoelectron spectroscopic and first-principles study of B37- and B38-, which are in the transition size range between the 2D borophene-type clusters and the 3D borospherenes. These two clusters are found to possess highly stable 2D global-minimum structures consisting of a double-hexagonal vacancy. Detailed bonding analyses reveal that both B37- and B38- are all-boron analogues of coronene (C24H12) with a unique delocalized π system, featuring dual π aromaticity. These clusters with double hexagonal vacancies can be viewed as molecular motifs for the χ3-borophene which is the most stable form of borophenes recently synthesized on an Ag(111) substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China and Institute of Materials Science, Xinzhou Teachers' University, Xinzhou 034000, China
| | - Wen-Juan Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Lin-Yan Feng
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hai-Gang Lu
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Yue-Wen Mu
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
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17
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Jalife S, Liu L, Pan S, Cabellos JL, Osorio E, Lu C, Heine T, Donald KJ, Merino G. Dynamical behavior of boron clusters. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:17639-17644. [PMID: 27714235 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06383g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several of the lowest energy structures of small and medium sized boron clusters are two-dimensional systems made up of a pair of concentric rings. In some cases, the barriers to the rotation of one of those rings relative to the other are remarkably low. We find that a combination of electronic and geometrical factors, including apparently the relative sizes and symmetries of the inner and outer rings, are decisive for the diminished barriers to in-plane rotation in these two dimensional clusters. A sufficiently large outer ring is important; for instance, expansion of the outer ring by a single atom may reduce the barrier significantly. A crucial factor for an apparent rotation is that the σ-skeleton of the individual rings remains essentially intact during the rotation. Finally, the transition state for the rotation of the inner ring comprises the transformation of a square into a diamond, which may be linked to a mechanism suggested decades ago for the isomerization of carboranes and boranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Jalife
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Lei Liu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sudip Pan
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - José Luis Cabellos
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | - Edison Osorio
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas. Fundación Universitaria Luis Amigó, SISCO, Transversal 51A # 67B 90, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Physics, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Thomas Heine
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr 2, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kelling J Donald
- Department of Chemistry, Gottwald Center for the Sciences, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA.
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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Wang LS. Photoelectron spectroscopy of size-selected boron clusters: from planar structures to borophenes and borospherenes. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2016.1147816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Tandy P, Yu M, Leahy C, Jayanthi CS, Wu SY. Next generation of the self-consistent and environment-dependent Hamiltonian: Applications to various boron allotropes from zero- to three-dimensional structures. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:124106. [PMID: 25833564 DOI: 10.1063/1.4916069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An upgrade of the previous self-consistent and environment-dependent linear combination of atomic orbitals Hamiltonian (referred as SCED-LCAO) has been developed. This improved version of the semi-empirical SCED-LCAO Hamiltonian, in addition to the inclusion of self-consistent determination of charge redistribution, multi-center interactions, and modeling of electron-electron correlation, has taken into account the effect excited on the orbitals due to the atomic aggregation. This important upgrade has been subjected to a stringent test, the construction of the SCED-LCAO Hamiltonian for boron. It was shown that the Hamiltonian for boron has successfully characterized the electron deficiency of boron and captured the complex chemical bonding in various boron allotropes, including the planar and quasi-planar, the convex, the ring, the icosahedral, and the fullerene-like clusters, the two-dimensional monolayer sheets, and the bulk alpha boron, demonstrating its transferability, robustness, reliability, and predictive power. The molecular dynamics simulation scheme based on the Hamiltonian has been applied to explore the existence and the energetics of ∼230 compact boron clusters BN with N in the range from ∼100 to 768, including the random, the rhombohedral, and the spherical icosahedral structures. It was found that, energetically, clusters containing whole icosahedral B12 units are more stable for boron clusters of larger size (N > 200). The ease with which the simulations both at 0 K and finite temperatures were completed is a demonstration of the efficiency of the SCED-LCAO Hamiltonian.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tandy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C Leahy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - C S Jayanthi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
| | - S Y Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA
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20
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Reber AC, Khanna SN. Electronic structure, stability, and oxidation of boron-magnesium clusters and cluster solids. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:054304. [PMID: 25662642 DOI: 10.1063/1.4907273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA
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21
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Yang G, Cui W, Zhu X, Yue R. An insight into the structures, stabilities, and bond character of B(n)Pt (n=1∼6) clusters. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2482. [PMID: 25316344 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We perform a systematical investigation on the geometry, thermodynamic/kinetic stability, and bonding nature of low-lying isomers of BnPt (n=1-6) at the CCSD(T)/[6-311+G(d)/LanL2DZ]//B3LYP/[6-311+G(d)/LanL2DZ] level. The most stable isomers of BnPt (n=1-6) adopt planar or quasi-planar structure. BnPt (n=2-5) clusters can be generated by capping a Pt atom on the B-B edge of pure boron clusters. However, For B6Pt with non-planar structure, a single doped Pt atom significantly affects the shape of the host boron cluster. The dopant of the Pt atom can improve the stability of pure boron clusters. The valence molecular orbital (VMO), electron localization function (ELF), and Mayer bond order (MBO) are applied to gain insight into the bonding nature of BnPt (n=2-6) isomers. The aromaticity for some isomers of BnPt (n=2-6) is analyzed and discussed in terms of VMO, ELF, adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP), and nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) analyses. Results obtained from the energy and cluster decomposition analyses demonstrate that B2Pt and B4Pt exhibits as highly stable. Importantly, some isomers of BnPt (n=2-5) are stable both thermodynamically and kinetically, which are observable in future experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, 210009, China
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22
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Reddy SR, Mahapatra S. Theoretical study of photodetachment processes of anionic boron cluster. III. B7−. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:084311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4865395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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24
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First principle structural determination of (B2O3)n (n = 1–6) clusters: From planar to cage. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:094312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Chen Q, Zhai HJ, Li SD, Wang LS. On the structures and bonding in boron-gold alloy clusters: B6Aun−and B6Aun(n= 1−3). J Chem Phys 2013; 138:084306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4792501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Olson
- Utah State University, 0300
Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
| | - A. I. Boldyrev
- Utah State University, 0300
Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-0300, United States
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Bai H, Zhai HJ, Li SD, Wang LS. Photoelectron spectroscopy of aromatic compound clusters of the B12 all-boron benzene: B12Au− and B12(BO)−. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:9646-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50167a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Chen Q, Zhai HJ, Li SD, Wang LS. Probing the structures and chemical bonding of boron-boronyl clusters using photoelectron spectroscopy and computational chemistry: B4(BO)(n)- (n = 1-3). J Chem Phys 2012; 137:044307. [PMID: 22852618 DOI: 10.1063/1.4737863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic and structural properties of a series of boron oxide clusters, B(5)O(-), B(6)O(2)(-), and B(7)O(3)(-), are studied using photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. Vibrationally resolved photoelectron spectra are obtained, yielding electron affinities of 3.45, 3.54, and 4.94 eV for the corresponding neutrals, B(5)O, B(6)O(2), and B(7)O(3), respectively. Structural optimizations show that these oxide clusters can be formulated as B(4)(BO)(n)(-) (n = 1-3), which involve boronyls coordinated to a planar rhombic B(4) cluster. Chemical bonding analyses indicate that the B(4)(BO)(n)(-) clusters are all aromatic species with two π electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Sergeeva AP, Piazza ZA, Romanescu C, Li WL, Boldyrev AI, Wang LS. B22– and B23–: All-Boron Analogues of Anthracene and Phenanthrene. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18065-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ja307605t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina P. Sergeeva
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan,
Utah 84322, United States
| | - Zachary A. Piazza
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United
States
| | - Constantin Romanescu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United
States
| | - Wei-Li Li
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United
States
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department
of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan,
Utah 84322, United States
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United
States
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Romanescu C, Harding DJ, Fielicke A, Wang LS. Probing the structures of neutral boron clusters using infrared/vacuum ultraviolet two color ionization: B11, B16, and B17. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:014317. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4732308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Tai TB, Tam NM, Nguyen MT. The Boron conundrum: the case of cationic clusters B n + with n = 2–20. Theor Chem Acc 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-012-1241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Piazza ZA, Li WL, Romanescu C, Sergeeva AP, Wang LS, Boldyrev AI. A photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio study of B21−: Negatively charged boron clusters continue to be planar at 21. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3692967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rajagopala Reddy S, Mahapatra S. Theoretical study of photodetachment processes of anionic boron clusters. I. Structure. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:024322. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3675165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Sergeeva AP, Averkiev BB, Zhai HJ, Boldyrev AI, Wang LS. All-boron analogues of aromatic hydrocarbons: B17− and B18−. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:224304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3599452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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35
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Romanescu C, Sergeeva AP, Li WL, Boldyrev AI, Wang LS. Planarization of B7− and B12− Clusters by Isoelectronic Substitution: AlB6− and AlB11−. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:8646-53. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2012438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Romanescu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Alina P. Sergeeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Wei-Li Li
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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36
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Zhai HJ, Miao CQ, Li SD, Wang LS. On the Analogy of B−BO and B−Au Chemical Bonding in B11O− and B10Au− Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:12155-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp108668t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jin Zhai
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People’s Republic of China, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers’ University, Xinzhou 034000, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Chang-Qing Miao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People’s Republic of China, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers’ University, Xinzhou 034000, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People’s Republic of China, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers’ University, Xinzhou 034000, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People’s Republic of China, Institute of Materials Science and Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers’ University, Xinzhou 034000, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China, and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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Wang LM, Averkiev BB, Ramilowski JA, Huang W, Wang LS, Boldyrev AI. Planar to Linear Structural Transition in Small Boron−Carbon Mixed Clusters: CxB5−x− (x = 1−5). J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:14104-12. [DOI: 10.1021/ja103846q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
| | - Boris B. Averkiev
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
| | - Jordan A. Ramilowski
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322
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Zubarev DY, Boldyrev AI. Multiple Aromaticity, Multiple Antiaromaticity, and Conflicting Aromaticity in Planar Clusters. NANOCLUSTERS - A BRIDGE ACROSS DISCIPLINES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53440-8.00005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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40
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Tai TB, Grant DJ, Nguyen MT, Dixon DA. Thermochemistry and Electronic Structure of Small Boron Clusters (Bn, n = 5−13) and Their Anions. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:994-1007. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9085848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Truong Ba Tai
- Department of Chemistry, and Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science Center (LMCC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35847-0336
| | - Daniel J. Grant
- Department of Chemistry, and Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science Center (LMCC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35847-0336
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, and Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science Center (LMCC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35847-0336
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, and Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science Center (LMCC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Box 870336, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35847-0336
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41
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Pu Z, Ito K, Schleyer PVR, Li QS. Planar Hepta-, Octa-, Nona-, and Decacoordinate First Row d-Block Metals Enclosed by Boron Rings. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:10679-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ic901377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Pu
- School of Chemical Engineering and the Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Keigo Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Paul v. R. Schleyer
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Qian-Shu Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and the Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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42
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Atis M, Ozdosan C, B. Guvenc Z. Density Functional Study of Physical and Chemical Properties of Nano Size Boron Clusters: Bn (n = 1320). CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/22/04/380-388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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Nguyen MT, Matus MH, Ngan VT, Grant DJ, Dixon DA. Thermochemistry and Electronic Structure of Small Boron and Boron Oxide Clusters and Their Anions. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:4895-909. [DOI: 10.1021/jp811391v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico
| | - Myrna H. Matus
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico
| | - Vu Thi Ngan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico
| | - Daniel J. Grant
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica, Universidad Veracruzana, A. P. 575, Xalapa, Ver., Mexico
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44
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Botti S, Castro A, Lathiotakis NN, Andrade X, Marques MAL. Optical and magnetic properties of boron fullerenes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:4523-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b902278c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Pan LL, Li J, Wang LS. Low-lying isomers of the B9− boron cluster: The planar molecular wheel versus three-dimensional structures. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:024302. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2948405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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47
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Sergeeva AP, Zubarev DY, Zhai HJ, Boldyrev AI, Wang LS. A Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Theoretical Study of B16− and B162−: An All-Boron Naphthalene. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:7244-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ja802494z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina P. Sergeeva
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Dmitry Yu. Zubarev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322, Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
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48
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Li SD, Zhai HJ, Wang LS. B2(BO)22-Diboronyl Diborene: A Linear Molecule with a Triple Boron−Boron Bond. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:2573-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja0771080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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49
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Drummond ML, Meunier V, Sumpter BG. Structure and stability of small boron and boron oxide clusters. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:6539-51. [PMID: 17583331 DOI: 10.1021/jp0726182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To rationally design and explore a potential energy source based on the highly exothermic oxidation of boron, density functional theory (DFT) was used to characterize small boron clusters with 0-3 oxygen atoms and a total of up to ten atoms. The structures, vibrational frequencies, and stabilities were calculated for each of these clusters. A quantum molecular dynamics procedure was used to locate the global minimum for each species, which proved to be crucial given the unintuitive structure of many of the most stable isomers. Additionally, due to the plane-wave, periodic DFT code used in this study a straightforward comparison of these clusters to the bulk boron and B2O3 structures was possible despite the great structural and energetic differences between the two forms. Through evaluation of previous computational and experimental work, the relevant low-energy structures of all but one of the pure boron clusters can be assigned with great certainty. Nearly all of the boron oxide clusters are described here for the first time, but there are strong indications that the DFT procedure chosen is particularly well suited for the task. Insight into the trends in boron and boron oxide cluster stabilities, as well as the ultimate limits of growth for each, are also provided. The work reported herein provides crucial information towards understanding the oxidation of boron at a molecular level.
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50
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Alexandrova AN, Boldyrev AI, Zhai HJ, Wang LS. All-boron aromatic clusters as potential new inorganic ligands and building blocks in chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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