1
|
Su Y, Chen Z, Tian H, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Xie S, Zheng L. Implications of Nitrogen Doping on Geometrical and Electronic Structure of the Fullerene Dimers. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Su
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Zuo‐Chang Chen
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Han‐Rui Tian
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Yun‐Yan Xu
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Qianyan Zhang
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Su‐Yuan Xie
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Lan‐Sun Zheng
- State Key Lab for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Abstract
The low or lack of solubility of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene/graphite in organic solvents and water severely hampers the study of their chemical functionalizations and practical applications. Covalent and noncovalent functionalizations of fullerenes and related materials via mechanochemistry seem appealing to tackle these problems. In this review article, we provide a comprehensive coverage on the mechanochemical reactions of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphite, including dimerizations and trimerizations, nucleophilic additions, 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, Diels-Alder reactions, [2 + 1] cycloadditions of carbenes and nitrenes, radical additions, oxidations, etc. It is intriguing to find that some reactions of fullerenes can only proceed under solvent-free conditions or undergo different reaction pathways from those of the liquid-phase counterparts to generate completely different products. We also present the application of the mechanical milling technique to complex formation, nanocomposite formation and enhanced hydrogen storage of carbon-related materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- San-E Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bihlmeier A. Derivatives and dimers of C50-D5h and C50-D3: A comparison of two closely related but quite differently behaving fullerenes. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:044310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3615502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
|
5
|
Bai H, Du R, Qiao W, Huang Y. Structures, stabilities and electronic properties of C50 dimers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
6
|
Hennrich FH, Eisler HJ, Gilb S, Gerhardt P, Wellmann R, Schulz R, Kappes MM. Fullerenes: Aspects, prospects, limits and speculations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19971011108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
7
|
Chadli H, Rahmani A, Sauvajol JL. Raman spectra of C60 dimer and C60 polymer confined inside a (10, 10) single-walled carbon nanotube. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:145303. [PMID: 21389526 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/14/145303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new set of C-C interball force constant was developed in order to reproduce the low wavenumber density of states measured by neutron scattering and the Raman spectra of the C(60) dimer and C(60) polymer chain. The nonresonant Raman spectra of the C(60) dimer and C(60) polymer confined inside a (10, 10) single-walled carbon nanotube were calculated in the framework of the bond-polarization theory by using the spectral moments method. The main changes of the Raman spectrum as a function of the organization of the C(60) molecules inside the nanotubes were identified. We found that the radial breathing modes of a (10, 10) single-walled carbon nanotube are more sensitive on the structure of the C(60) molecules than the G-modes. These predictions are useful to interpret the experimental Raman spectrum of fullerene peapods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Chadli
- Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux et Modélisation des Systèmes (Unité Associée au CNRST-URAC 08), Université MY Ismaïl, Faculté des Sciences, BP 11201, Zitoune, 50000 Meknès, Morocco
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Analysis of the reactivity and selectivity of fullerene dimerization reactions at the atomic level. Nat Chem 2010; 2:117-24. [PMID: 21124402 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution transmission electron microscopy has proved useful for its ability to provide time-resolved images of small molecules and their movements. One of the next challenges in this area is to visualize chemical reactions by monitoring time-dependent changes in the atomic positions of reacting molecules. Such images may provide information that is not available with other experimental methods. Here we report a study on bimolecular reactions of fullerene and metallofullerene molecules inside carbon nanotubes as a function of electron dose. Images of how the fullerenes move during the dimerization process reveal the specific orientations in which two molecules interact, as well as how bond reorganization occurs after their initial contact. Studies on the concentration, specimen temperature, effect of catalyst and accelerating voltage indicate that the reactions can be imaged under a variety of conditions.
Collapse
|
9
|
Fusing C60 units without Stone–Wales bond rotations. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-009-0113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Zurek E, Autschbach J, Malinowski N, Enders A, Kern K. Experimental and theoretical investigations of the thermodynamic stability of Ba-c(60) and K-C(60) compound clusters. ACS NANO 2008; 2:1000-1014. [PMID: 19206498 DOI: 10.1021/nn800022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A novel experimental set-up was used to study superstable (magic) Ba-C(60) and K-C(60) compound clusters. The most stable systems observed cannot be rationalized by simple electronic or by geometrical shell filling arguments. Annealing the clusters past the temperature necessary for the fragmentation of the initial metastable clusters formed at the source reveals information about their thermodynamic stability. Higher temperatures yield larger species, suggesting that similar experiments may be used to rationally produce nanoscale clusters with highly desirable properties. Density functional calculations reveal ionic (K, Ba) and covalent (Ba) bonding between C(60) and the metal atoms. The entropic contribution to the Gibbs free energy is shown to be essential in determining absolute and relative cluster stabilities. In particular, we demonstrate that at higher temperatures the entropy favors the formation of larger clusters. A simple criterion which may be used to determine the absolute and relative stabilities of general multicomponent clusters is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zurek
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkorperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ueno H, [Obar]sawa S, [Obar]sawa E, Takeuchi K. Stone-Wales Rearrangement Pathways from the Hinge-Opened [2+2] C60 Dimer to Ipr C120 Fullerenes. Vibrational Analysis of Intermediates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10641229809350204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- a Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering , Toyohashi University of Technology , Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441
| | - Shuichi [Obar]sawa
- b Applied Laser Chemistry Laboratory , Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) , 2-lHirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-01, Japan
| | - Eiji [Obar]sawa
- a Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering , Toyohashi University of Technology , Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441
| | - Kazuo Takeuchi
- b Applied Laser Chemistry Laboratory , Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) , 2-lHirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-01, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gal'pern EG, Stankevich IV, Chistyakov AL, Chernozatonskii LA. Energy-Band Structure Features of Some Crimped-Shape Nanotubes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10641229809350217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
13
|
Iqbal P, Sun S, Hanwell MD, Attwood D, Leggett GJ, Preece JA, Richardson TH, Tunnicliffe D. Photochemical fabrication of three-dimensional micro- and nano-structured surfaces from a C60 monoadduct. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b718888a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
14
|
|
15
|
|
16
|
Stepanian SG, Karachevtsev VA, Plokhotnichenko AM, Adamowicz L, Rao AM. IR Spectra of Photopolymerized C60 Films. Experimental and Density Functional Theory Study. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:15769-75. [PMID: 16898724 DOI: 10.1021/jp053867y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
IR spectra of photopolymerized fullerene films obtained by simultaneous deposition and UV irradiation were measured in the range of 1500-450 cm(-1). The degree of the polymerization of the C60 films was estimated to be about 95%. To assist the assignment of the experimental IR spectra of the films, quantum chemical calculations of the equilibrium structures of the C60 dimers and trimers were performed at the DFT(B3LYP)/3-21G level of theory. Next, IR frequencies and intensities for those structures were calculated. For the five-trimer structures found in the calculations, the relative stabilities were determined at the B3LYP/4-31G and B3LYP/6-31G levels and used to select the lowest-energy trimers, which are Trimer A (angle between monomer centers is 90 degrees ) and Trimer B (angle between monomer centers is 120 degrees). Next, the IR spectra of the polymerized fullerene films were compared with the calculated frequencies of the lowest-energy dimer and the two lowest-energy trimers. On the basis of this analysis and on the comparison of the film spectra with the IR spectra of the C60 dimer and trimer spectra obtained by other methods, it was shown that the main components of the films are C60 dimers and the orthorhombic (O) polymer phase. The tetragonal (T) and rhombohedral (R) polymers, as well as small amounts of monomers, were also found. Although vibrational frequencies of different C60 phases are similar in most cases, we found several unique spectral features of the C60 dimer and other polymers that may be used to determine the composition of the polymerized C60 film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stepan G Stepanian
- Institute for Low-Temperature Physics and Engineering, NAS of Ukraine, Kharkov, 61103, Ukraine
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Several [2+2] dimerization products of a fullerene Cn (n=50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60) in its most stable form are presented and discussed. In total, 34 dimers are studied. Only symmetric Cn-Cn dimers (no mixed products) are reported, and only dimers of the fullerenes C50 to C58 with bonds between C atoms in adjacent pentagons are considered. Geometries were optimized within the framework of density functional theory using the Becke-Perdew exchange-correlation functional (BP86) in combination with an empirical dispersive energy correction, which contributes significantly to the binding energy. The results are discussed in the context of the reactivity of adjacent pentagon sites. The lateral interaction between fullerenes is found to be stronger for C50 to C58 than for C60, which is consistent with recent experimental observations. Further, the possibility of polymer formation based on the investigated [2+2] reaction is addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bihlmeier
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Karlsruhe TH, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhechkov L, Heine T, Seifert G. D5h C50 Fullerene: A Building Block for Oligomers and Solids? J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp046318l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyuben Zhechkov
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Heine
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gotthard Seifert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Manil B, Maunoury L, Huber BA, Jensen J, Schmidt HT, Zettergren H, Cederquist H, Tomita S, Hvelplund P. Highly charged clusters of fullerenes: charge mobility and appearance sizes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:215504. [PMID: 14683315 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.215504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Clusters of fullerenes (C60,C70)(n) are produced in a gas aggregation source and are multiply ionized in collisions with highly charged Xe(20+,30+) ions. Their stabilities and decay processes are analyzed with high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fullerene clusters in charge states up to q=5 have been observed and appearance sizes are found to be as small as n(app)=5, 10, 21, and 33 for q=2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The analysis of the multicoincident fragmentation spectra indicates a high charge mobility. This is in contrast to charge localization effects which have been reported for Ar(q+)(n) rare gas clusters. Clusters of fullerenes are found to be conducting when multiply charged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Manil
- Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Ions Lasers (CIRIL)--CEA-CNRS-ENSICaen, rue Claude Bloch, BP 5133, F-14070 Caen Cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gromov A, Ostrovskii D, Lassesson A, Jönsson M, Campbell EEB. Fourier Transform Infrared and Raman Spectroscopic Study of Chromatographically Isolated Li@C60 and Li@C70. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp030403w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Gromov
- Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Denis Ostrovskii
- Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Andreas Lassesson
- Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Martin Jönsson
- Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-41296, Sweden
| | - Eleanor E. B. Campbell
- Department of Experimental Physics, Göteborg University and Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, SE-41296, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee KH, Park SS, Suh Y, Yamabe T, Osawa E, Lüthi HP, Gutta P, Lee C. Similarities and Differences between (C(60))(2)(2-) and (C(59)N)(2) Conformers. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:11085-6. [PMID: 11686723 DOI: 10.1021/ja005671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K H Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University Iksan 570-749, South Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Affiliation(s)
- T. Heine
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy, Universität-GH Paderborn, Paderborn, FB6 Theoretische Physik, D-33095 Paderborn, Germany, and University of Exeter, School of Chemistry, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - F. Zerbetto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy, Universität-GH Paderborn, Paderborn, FB6 Theoretische Physik, D-33095 Paderborn, Germany, and University of Exeter, School of Chemistry, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - G. Seifert
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy, Universität-GH Paderborn, Paderborn, FB6 Theoretische Physik, D-33095 Paderborn, Germany, and University of Exeter, School of Chemistry, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| | - P. W. Fowler
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland, Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy, Universität-GH Paderborn, Paderborn, FB6 Theoretische Physik, D-33095 Paderborn, Germany, and University of Exeter, School of Chemistry, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QD, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cho HS, Kim SK, Kim D, Fujiwara K, Komatsu K. Ultrafast Energy Relaxation Dynamics of C120, a [2+2]-bridged C60 Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lee KH, Eun HM, Park SS, Suh YS, Jung KW, Lee SM, Lee YH, Osawa E. Structures and Energetics of Regioisomers of C60 Dimer and Trimers. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp000432w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kee Hag Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - Heui Man Eun
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - Sung Soo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - Young Sun Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - Kwang-Woo Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - Seung Mi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| | - E. Osawa
- Department of Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570−749, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 573-360, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561−756, South Korea, and Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Kim KS, Park JM, Kim J, Suh SB, Tarakeshwar P, Lee KH, Park SS. Dimer to monomer phase transition in alkali-metal fullerides: magnetic susceptibility changes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:2425-2428. [PMID: 11018901 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio calculations have been employed to investigate the peculiar change in magnetic property (from diamagnetic to paramagnetic) of the dianionic C60-dimer phase in a rapidly cooled AC60 samples ( A: alkali metal). We first note that the triplet state of (C60)-22 which was never considered previously is nearly degenerate with the singlet state, and the transition barrier between the two states is reasonably small. This explains the susceptibility increase with an increase in temperature and the magnetic phase transition in the process of the dimer to monomer phase transition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- KS Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Superfunctional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Onoe J, Hashi YI, Esfarjani K, Hara T, Kawazoe Y, Takeuchi K. In-situ infrared spectroscopy of a photoirradiated potassium-doped C60 film. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)01224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
29
|
Shvartsburg AA, Hudgins RR, Gutierrez R, Jungnickel G, Frauenheim T, Jackson KA, Jarrold MF. Ball-and-Chain Dimers from a Hot Fullerene Plasma. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9906379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre A. Shvartsburg
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| | - Robert R. Hudgins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| | - Gerd Jungnickel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| | - Thomas Frauenheim
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| | - Koblar A. Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| | - Martin F. Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Chemnitz, D-09107 Chemnitz, Germany, Theoretische Physik, Universität−GH Paderborn, D-33098, Germany, and Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan 48859
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tang ZC, Cai XW, Gao JS, Mao BW, Tian ZQ, Huang RB, Zheng LS. In-situ characterization of C60 coalescence reaction. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)00485-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
31
|
|
32
|
|
33
|
Komatsu K, Wang GW, Murata Y, Tanaka T, Fujiwara K, Yamamoto K, Saunders M. Mechanochemical Synthesis and Characterization of the Fullerene Dimer C120. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo981319t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
34
|
Andreoni W. COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH TO THE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF FULLERENES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES. Annu Rev Phys Chem 1998; 49:405-39. [PMID: 15012433 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.49.1.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A critical review is presented of results obtained with different computational methods (mainly ab initio) on C60, C70, and specific fullerene derivatives, also in comparison with experimental data. From the discussion of diverse systems, the (often underestimated) complexity of their physical and chemical behavior emerges, and hence the importance of an accurate description and the need for a careful inspection of the experimental data, with which comparison is often intrinsically difficult. The ambition of this review is to help establish a basis not only for a nonsuperficial reading of the existing literature, but also for a constructive approach with computations to the challenge posed by recent promising applications of fullerenes in nanotechnology, optoelectronics, and biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Andreoni
- IBM Research Division, Zurich Research Laboratory, Rüschlikon, CH-8803 Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Shvartsburg AA, Pederson LA, Hudgins RR, Schatz GC, Jarrold MF. Structures of the Clusters Produced by Laser Desorption of Fullerenes: [2+2] Cycloadducts of Preshrunk Cages. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp982069n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa A. Pederson
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Robert R. Hudgins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - George C. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Martin F. Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nikolaev AV, Prassides K, Michel KH. Charge transfer and polymer phases in AC60 (A=K, Rb, Cs) fullerides. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.475900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
37
|
|
38
|
Affiliation(s)
- Serguei Patchkovskii
- Contribution from the Organisch-chemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Thiel
- Contribution from the Organisch-chemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
|
40
|
|
41
|
Gal'pern EG, Stankevich IV, Chistyakov AL, Chernozatonskii LA. Molecular and electronic structures of some trimers of polyhedral carbon clusters. Russ Chem Bull 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02495501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
42
|
Knight B, Martín N, Ohno T, Ortí E, Rovira C, Veciana J, Vidal-Gancedo J, Viruela P, Viruela R, Wudl F. Synthesis and Electrochemistry of Electronegative Spiroannelated Methanofullerenes: Theoretical Underpinning of the Electronic Effect of Addends and a Reductive Cyclopropane Ring-Opening Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja962299k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Knight
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Nazario Martín
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Toshinobu Ohno
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Enrique Ortí
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepció Rovira
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Jaume Veciana
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José Vidal-Gancedo
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pedro Viruela
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rafael Viruela
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fred Wudl
- Contribution from the Institute for Polymers and Organic Solids, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain, Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain, and Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus U.A.B., E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wang GW, Komatsu K, Murata Y, Shiro M. Synthesis and X-ray structure of dumb-bell-shaped C120. Nature 1997. [DOI: 10.1038/42439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
44
|
Shvartsburg AA, Hudgins RR, Dugourd P, Jarrold MF. Structural Elucidation of Fullerene Dimers by High-Resolution Ion Mobility Measurements and Trajectory Calculation Simulations. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9637901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert R. Hudgins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Philippe Dugourd
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Martin F. Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ōsawa S, Sakai M, Ōsawa E. Nature of Cyclobutane Bonds in the Neutral [2+2] Dimer of C60. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962671i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Ōsawa
- Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi-ken 441, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Sakai
- Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi-ken 441, Japan
| | - Eiji Ōsawa
- Department of Knowledge-Based Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi-ken 441, Japan
| |
Collapse
|