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Ashkarran AA, Tadjiki S, Lin Z, Hilsen K, Ghazali N, Krikor S, Sharifi S, Asgari M, Hotchkin M, Dorfman A, Ho KS, Mahmoudi M. Protein Corona Composition of Gold Nanocatalysts. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1169-1177. [PMID: 38633595 PMCID: PMC11020068 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and biological environments is profoundly influenced by a stable, strongly adsorbed "hard" protein corona. This corona significantly determines the NPs' pharmacokinetics and biological destiny. Our study delves into the mechanisms by which colloidal Au nanocrystals that are synthesized electrochemically without surface-capping organic ligands, known as CNM-Au8, traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and target human brain tissue for treating neurodegenerative disorders. We discovered that upon interaction with human plasma, CNM-Au8 gold nanocrystals (AuNCs) effectively attract a variety of crucial apolipoproteins, notably apolipoproteins E, to their surfaces. This interaction likely facilitates their passage through the BBB. Furthermore, the coronas of these AuNCs exhibit a substantial presence of albumin and a notable absence of opsonin-based proteins, contributing to prolonged blood circulation. These characteristics align well with the clinical performance observed for the CNM-Au8 NCs. This study highlights that AuNCs with intentionally engineered structures and surfactant-free surfaces can create a distinct protein corona composition. This finding holds significant promise for the development of advanced therapeutic agents aimed at combating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar Ashkarran
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Soheyl Tadjiki
- Postnova
Analytics Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84102, United States
| | - Zijin Lin
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Kylie Hilsen
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Noor Ghazali
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Sarah Krikor
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Shahriar Sharifi
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Meisam Asgari
- Department
of Medical Engineering, University of South
Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Michael Hotchkin
- Clene
Nanomedicine, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84121, United States
| | - Adam Dorfman
- Clene
Nanomedicine, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84121, United States
| | - Karen S. Ho
- Clene
Nanomedicine, Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah 84121, United States
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department
of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Brealey JC, Kodama M, Rasmussen JA, Hansen SB, Santos-Bay L, Lecaudey LA, Hansen M, Fjære E, Myrmel LS, Madsen L, Bernhard A, Sveier H, Kristiansen K, Gilbert MTP, Martin MD, Limborg MT. Host-gut microbiota interactions shape parasite infections in farmed Atlantic salmon. mSystems 2024; 9:e0104323. [PMID: 38294254 PMCID: PMC10886447 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01043-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Animals and their associated microbiota share long evolutionary histories. However, it is not always clear how host genotype and microbiota interact to affect phenotype. We applied a hologenomic approach to explore how host-microbiota interactions shape lifetime growth and parasite infection in farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Multi-omics data sets were generated from the guts of 460 salmon, 82% of which were naturally infected with an intestinal cestode. A single Mycoplasma bacterial strain, MAG01, dominated the gut metagenome of large, non-parasitized fish, consistent with previous studies showing high levels of Mycoplasma in the gut microbiota of healthy salmon. While small and/or parasitized salmon also had high abundance of MAG01, we observed increased alpha diversity in these individuals, driven by increased frequency of low-abundance Vibrionaceae and other Mycoplasma species that carried known virulence genes. Colonization by one of these cestode-associated Mycoplasma strains was associated with host individual genomic variation in long non-coding RNAs. Integrating the multi-omic data sets revealed coordinated changes in the salmon gut mRNA transcriptome and metabolome that correlated with shifts in the microbiota of smaller, parasitized fish. Our results suggest that the gut microbiota of small and/or parasitized fish is in a state of dysbiosis that partly depends on the host genotype, highlighting the value of using a hologenomic approach to incorporate the microbiota into the study of host-parasite dynamics.IMPORTANCEStudying host-microbiota interactions through the perspective of the hologenome is gaining interest across all life sciences. Intestinal parasite infections are a huge burden on human and animal health; however, there are few studies investigating the role of the hologenome during parasite infections. We address this gap in the largest multi-omics fish microbiota study to date using natural cestode infection of farmed Atlantic salmon. We find a clear association between cestode infection, salmon lifetime growth, and perturbation of the salmon gut microbiota. Furthermore, we provide the first evidence that the genetic background of the host may partly determine how the gut microbiota changes during parasite-associated dysbiosis. Our study therefore highlights the value of a hologenomic approach for gaining a more in-depth understanding of parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaelle C Brealey
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Miyako Kodama
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob A Rasmussen
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren B Hansen
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Luisa Santos-Bay
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laurène A Lecaudey
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Aquaculture Department, SINTEF Ocean, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin Hansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Environmental Metabolomics Lab, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Even Fjære
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Lise Madsen
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael D Martin
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten T Limborg
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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3
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Sharma S, Warsi MS, Abidi M, Tufail N, Ahmad R, Siddiqui SA, Moinuddin. Crotonaldehyde induced structural alterations in Low-Density Lipoprotein: Immunogenicity of the modified protein in experimental animals and auto-antibodies generation in various cancers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123332. [PMID: 37725881 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Crotonaldehyde (CA), a prominent component of cigarette smoke (CS) is a pervasive environmental pollutant that is a highly toxic, unsaturated aldehyde. Exposure to CA-rich pollutants has been linked to the emergence of many malignancies in humans. To better understand the role of CA in biomolecule modification, this study investigated the detailed structural alterations in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) modified by CA, as well as the immunogenicity of the modified protein in experimental animals and the search for autoantibodies in various cancers patients.In vitro, results indicated alterations in secondary and tertiary structures; examined using UV-visible, fluorescence, far-UV circular dichroism, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. Changes in the oxidation status of LDL were studied by carbonyl content assay and NBT assay. ThT binding assay, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy were used to study aggregate formation. The findings revealed significant structural damage in LDL modified by CA. The modification resulted in the unmasking of hydrophobic clusters, the loss of the protein α-helix, and the formation of β-pleated sheet structure. The amyloid aggregate formation was confirmed through ThT microscopy and electron spectroscopy. Rabbits immunized with crotonaldehyde; lead to structural changes in the LDL; that acted as extra antigenic determinants, eliciting strong antibody response. Immunoglobulin response is highly specific for modified LDL as demonstrated by the ELISA. The presence of antibodies against CA-modified LDL was confirmed by the immunoglobulin content of blood sera from human subjects with lung cancer, and competitive ELISA demonstrated the specificity of these antibodies. This study offers insights into the CA-mediated LDL modification and immunogenicity in lung cancer that will have diagnostic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surabhi Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Sharib Warsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Minhal Abidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neda Tufail
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shahid Ali Siddiqui
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gui W, Guo H, Wang J, Wang C, Guo Y, Zhang K, Dai J, Zhao Y. Nafion by-product 2 disturbs lipid homeostasis in zebrafish embryo. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121178. [PMID: 36731735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a novel polyfluoroalkyl substance, Nafion by-product 2 (Nafion BP2) has been detected widely in environmental matrix as well as human samples. However, its toxicity remains poorly recognized. Here, we investigated the toxic effects of Nafion BP2 by use of zebrafish model and highlighted its toxicity on lipid homeostasis. Large sized-lipid droplets (LDs) have been revealed to gather in pericardium and anterior yolk sac region of zebrafish larvae by Oil Red O staining after a 120 h Nafion BP2 exposure. Meanwhile, the total cholesterol (TC) concentrations were significantly disrupted. Lipidomic analysis uncovered a dramatical alterations on lipid profiles. Significant reductions were observed for a set of lipids including phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), sphingolipid (SM) and triglyceride (TG) in zebrafish. Transcriptome analyses further confirmed genes involved in LDs biosynthesis, lipid transportation and lipid metabolism, were significantly disrupted. Especially for APOA4 and CIDEC genes, fold changes (Log2 FC) of gene expression level by up to 17.8 and 3.5, respectively, were observed. Together, these findings demonstrated the disturbance of Nafion BP2 on lipid homeostasis of zebrafish and provided an unprecedented insight into the health risk assessments of emerging fluorochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Gui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hua Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yong Guo
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiayin Dai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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5
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Li M, Yang X, Sun L, Qing Y, Hu X, Jiang J, Wang D, Cui G, Gao Y, Zhang E, Zhang J, Yang Y, Wan C. Decreased serum apolipoprotein A4 as a potential peripheral biomarker for patients with schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:14-21. [PMID: 33640722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence supports an association between lipid metabolism dysfunction and the pathology of schizophrenia which has led to the search for peripheral blood-based biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proteins involved in lipid metabolism (especially apolipoprotein) and to explore their potential as biomarkers for schizophrenia. Using multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM-MS), we quantified 22 proteins in serum samples of 109 healthy controls (HCs) and 111 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), who were divided into discovery and validation sets. We found serum apolipoprotein A4 (ApoA4) to be significantly decreased in SCZ patients compared to HCs (p=1.61E-05). Moreover, the serum ApoA4 level served as an effective diagnostic tool, achieving area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) of 0.840 in the discovery set and 0.791 in the validation set. Additionally, apolipoprotein F (ApoF), angiotensinogen (AGT), and alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) levels were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls. These proteins combined with ApoA4, provided higher diagnostic accuracy for schizophrenia in the discovery set (AUROC=0.901) and in the validation set (AUROC=0.879). Our results suggest that the serum level of ApoA4 is a novel potential biomarker for schizophrenia. The proteins identified in this study expand the pool of biomarker candidates for schizophrenia and may be linked to the underlying mechanism of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhan Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Sun
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qing
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoping Cui
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - En Zhang
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chunling Wan
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychiatry Disorders, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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6
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Zhou Y, Luo G. Apolipoproteins, as the carrier proteins for lipids, are involved in the development of breast cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1952-1962. [PMID: 32306242 PMCID: PMC7505814 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoproteins, the key components of lipoproteins, play vital roles in the combination and transportation of lipids. Numerous research articles have accumulated solid evidence that lipoproteins are closely related to various types of tumorigenesis. In this review, we focused on the associations between several apolipoproteins and breast carcinoma and distinguished the effects and significance of apolipoproteins in different locations to validate their roles in breast carcinoma development. For example, apoD and apoE in serum are viewed as risk factors for breast carcinoma. ApoD, apoE and apoA-I in mammary tissues inhibit tumor growth. Moreover, apoB, apoJ and apoA-I have the potential to function as diagnostic or prognostic markers in the clinic. ApoEdp and apoJ treatment on breast carcinoma could significantly restrict tumor growth. In general, the aim of this review was to further analyze the associations between some members of the apolipoprotein family and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Comprehensive Laboratory, Changzhou Key Lab of Individualized Diagnosis and Treatment Associated with High Technology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - G Luo
- Comprehensive Laboratory, Changzhou Key Lab of Individualized Diagnosis and Treatment Associated with High Technology Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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7
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Xia JH, Lin G, Fu GH, Wan ZY, Lee M, Wang L, Liu XJ, Yue GH. The intestinal microbiome of fish under starvation. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:266. [PMID: 24708260 PMCID: PMC4234480 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Starvation not only affects the nutritional and health status of the animals, but also the microbial composition in the host’s intestine. Next-generation sequencing provides a unique opportunity to explore gut microbial communities and their interactions with hosts. However, studies on gut microbiomes have been conducted predominantly in humans and land animals. Not much is known on gut microbiomes of aquatic animals and their changes under changing environmental conditions. To address this shortcoming, we determined the microbial gene catalogue, and investigated changes in the microbial composition and host-microbe interactions in the intestine of Asian seabass in response to starvation. Results We found 33 phyla, 66 classes, 130 orders and 278 families in the intestinal microbiome. Proteobacteria (48.8%), Firmicutes (15.3%) and Bacteroidetes (8.2%) were the three most abundant bacteria taxa. Comparative analyses of the microbiome revealed shifts in bacteria communities, with dramatic enrichment of Bacteroidetes, but significant depletion of Betaproteobacteria in starved intestines. In addition, significant differences in clusters of orthologous groups (COG) functional categories and orthologous groups were observed. Genes related to antibiotic activity in the microbiome were significantly enriched in response to starvation, and host genes related to the immune response were generally up-regulated. Conclusions This study provides the first insights into the fish intestinal microbiome and its changes under starvation. Further detailed study on interactions between intestinal microbiomes and hosts under dynamic conditions will shed new light on how the hosts and microbes respond to the changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gen Hua Yue
- Molecular Population Genetics Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Republic of Singapore.
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Cham BE, Chase TR. Intravascular infusion of autologous delipidated plasma induces antiatherogenic lipoproteins and causes regression of atherosclerosis <br>—Studies in non-primates, monkeys and humans. Health (London) 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2013.57a1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Eyckmans M, Benoot D, Van Raemdonck GA, Zegels G, Van Ostade XW, Witters E, Blust R, De Boeck G. Comparative proteomics of copper exposure and toxicity in rainbow trout, common carp and gibel carp. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2012; 7:220-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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10
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Chatterji B, Borlak J. A 2-DE MALDI-TOF study to identify disease regulated serum proteins in lung cancer of c-myc transgenic mice. Proteomics 2009; 9:1044-56. [PMID: 19180532 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200701135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported targeted overexpression of c-myc to alveolar epithelium to cause lung cancer. We now extended our studies to the serum proteome of tumor bearing mice. Proteins were extracted with a thiourea-containing lysis buffer and separated by 2-DE at pH 4-7 and 3-10 followed by MALDI-TOF/TOF analysis. Forty-six proteins were identified in tumor bearing mice of which n = 9 were statistically significant. This included disease regulated expression of orosomucoid-8, alpha-2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein-A1, apolipoprotein-C3, glutathione peroxidase-3, plasma retinol-binding protein, and transthyretin, while expression of apolipoprotein-E was decreased at late stages of disease. Moreover, serum amyloid P component was uniquely expressed at late stages of cancer. It is of considerable importance that most disease regulated proteins carried the E-Box sequence (CACGTG) in the promoter of the coding gene, therefore providing evidence for their regulation by c-myc. Notably, expression of alpha-2-macroglobulin, transthyretin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and properdin was in common in different lung tumor models, but regulation of orosomucoid-8, apolipoprotein-A1, apolipoprotein-C3, apolipoprotein-E, glutathione peroxidase-3, plasma retinol-binding protein, and serum amyloid P component was unique when the serum proteomes of c-myc and c-raf tumor bearing mice were compared. Therefore, candidate biomarkers to differentiate between atypical adenomatous hyperplasias (AAH) and bronchiolo-alveolar carcinomas (BAC)/papillary adenocarcinomas (PLAC) can be proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijon Chatterji
- Department of Drug Research and Medical Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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11
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12
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Smith RW, Wood CM, Cash P, Diao L, Pärt P. Apolipoprotein AI could be a significant determinant of epithelial integrity in rainbow trout gill cell cultures: A study in functional proteomics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2005; 1749:81-93. [PMID: 15848139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2005.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2004] [Revised: 02/21/2005] [Accepted: 02/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The freshwater fish gill forms a barrier against an external hypotonic environment. By culturing rainbow trout gill cells on permeable supports, as intact epithelia, this study investigates barrier property mechanisms. Under symmetrical conditions the apical and basolateral epithelial surfaces contact cell culture media. Replacing apical media with water, to generate asymmetrical conditions (i.e. the situation encountered by the freshwater gill), rapidly increases transepithelial resistance (TER). Proteomic analysis revealed that this is associated with enhanced expression of pre-apolipoprotein AI (pre-apoAI). To test the physiological relevance, gill cells were treated with a dose of 50 microg ml(-1) human apolipoprotein (apoAI). This was found to elevate TER in those epithelia which displayed a lower TER prior to apoAI treatment. These results demonstrate the action of apoAI and provide evidence that the rainbow trout gill may be a site of apoAI synthesis. TER does not differentiate between the trans-cellular (via the cell membrane) and para-cellular (via intercellular tight junctions) pathways. However, despite the apoAI-induced changes in TER, para-cellular permeability (measured by polyethylene glycol efflux) remained unaltered suggesting apoAI specifically reduces trans-cellular permeability. This investigation combines proteomics with functional measurements to show how a proteome change may be associated with freshwater gill function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard W Smith
- European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC), Inland and Marine Waters Unit, Ispra, Italy.
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13
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Cham BE, Kostner KM, Dwivedy AK, Shafey TM, Fang NX, Mahon MG, Iannuzzi CI, Colquhoun DM, Smith JL. Lipid apheresis in an animal model causes in vivo changes in lipoprotein electrophoretic patterns. J Clin Apher 1996; 11:61-70. [PMID: 8844434 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-1101(1996)11:2<61::aid-jca2>3.0.co;2-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lipid apheresis, a new extracorporeal procedure based on plasma delipidation and showing promise as a possible treatment for atherosclerosis, was recently reported for the first time from this laboratory [Cham et al., J Clin Apheresis 10:61-69, 1995]. In the present study lipid apheresis was applied to hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic roosters to examine its effect on plasma lipoprotein particles. This procedure resulted in conspicuous changes in electrophoretic patterns of plasma lipoproteins. The electrophoretic mobilities of all the lipoprotein fractions had changed considerably. Lipid stainable material was present in at least three bands in the alpha-globulin area. In particular, changes in the electrophoretic region of high-density lipoproteins were observed. Lipid apheresis markedly induced the anti-atherogenic pre- beta-high-density lipoproteins. The observed changes induced by lipid apheresis were more pronounced in the hyperlipidemic animals compared with the normocholesterolemic controls. A novel pre-alpha-lipoprotein band was observed soon after lipid apheresis. This lipoprotein band had a density larger than 1.21. At approximately 150 minutes after lipid apheresis, the electrophoretic pattern had almost returned to its original base pattern. Lipid apheresis results in plasma lipoprotein changes which may induce reverse cholesterol transport and shows promise as a possible treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Cham
- Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Australia
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Cham BE, Kostner KM, Dwivedy AK, Shafey TM, Fang NX, Mahon MG, Iannuzzi CI, Colquhoun DM, Smith JL. Lipid apheresis: an in vivo application of plasma delipidation with organic solvents resulting in acute transient reduction of circulating plasma lipids in animals. J Clin Apher 1995; 10:61-9. [PMID: 7592518 DOI: 10.1002/jca.2920100202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite primary and secondary prevention of coronary disease with lowering plasma cholesterol by diet and drug therapy, coronary heart disease remains the major cause of death in Western countries. Low density lipoprotein apheresis had the potential to make a significant impact as it acutely leads to a marked reduction in plasma cholesterol. However, recent preliminary results suggest that low density lipoprotein apheresis may not be more effective in preventing progression of coronary disease than current drug therapy. We have devised a new technique, termed lipid apheresis, which removes cholesterol and triglycerides from plasma but retains the apolipoproteins. This procedure shows great promise in stimulating regression beyond current therapy. Lipid apheresis, a new extracorporeal procedure based on plasma delipidation with the organic solvent mixture butanol-diisopropyl ether, was applied to hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic roosters. Approximately 25% of the calculated blood volume was removed from the animals. The plasma was separated from the blood cells. The plasma was delipidated for 20 min with the organic solvent mixture. The delipidated plasma containing all proteins, including the apolipoproteins and other ionic constituents, was remixed with the blood cells and infused back into the identical donor animals. Analyses of serial blood samples collected from lipid apheresed and sham treated animals up to 16 h after infusion revealed that lipid apheresis caused acute, marked reductions in plasma lipids. The pattern and extent of the plasma levels of cholesterol were different in the hypercholesterolemic animals when compared with normocholesterolemic animals, indicating that a readily extraplasma cholesterol pool in the hypercholesterolemic animals was rapidly mobilized into the plasma pool.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Cham
- Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Australia
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Enk L, Silfverstolpe G, Crona N. Dose and duration effects of oestradiol valerate on serum apolipoproteins A1 and B. Maturitas 1987; 9:33-9. [PMID: 3110562 DOI: 10.1016/0378-5122(87)90049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The serum levels of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were assessed by electroimmunoassay in 19 bilaterally oophorectomised women before and after treatment with 2 and 4 mg oestradiol valerate (E2V) daily. The first part of the study was conducted in accordance with an open cross-over design. The levels of ApoA1 were found to have increased after the 6-week treatment periods using each of those dosages, the increase being most pronounced after treatment with 4 mg E2V. ApoB concentrations decreased at both dosage levels. The serum levels of total (TC) and free cholesterol (FC) and phospholipids (PL) in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction correlated positively with the serum levels of ApoA1 before treatment. The correlations between serum ApoA1 and HDL-PL levels persisted after both dosage regimens. Before and after treatment with 2 mg E2V, serum ApoB levels correlated positively with the levels of all lipid components in the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) fraction. After 4 mg E2V, serum ApoB levels correlated positively with LDL-PL and LDL-TC levels. On conclusion of the cross-over, in order to assess the effects of the duration of therapy, the women were followed up for a further period of 3 mth, during which ten were given 2 mg and the other nine 4 mg of E2V daily. The increased levels of ApoA1 and the decreased levels of ApoB seen after the cross-over study were not found to have altered after this treatment-duration evaluation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Cham BE, Owens P, Roeser HP, Gaffney T, Shanley BC. Heterogeneity of lipoprotein B. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981; 103:196-206. [PMID: 7317064 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)91679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Berry EM, Ziv E, Bar-On H. Lipoprotein secretion by isolated perfused livers from streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Diabetologia 1981; 21:402-8. [PMID: 7286500 DOI: 10.1007/bf00252689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In liver perfusion from sucrose-fed, streptozotocin-diabetic rats there was in comparison with normal animals, a decrease in very low density lipoprotein concentration in the perfusion medium (38.6 +/- 6.3 versus 64.4 +/- 8.4 microgram . g liver -1 3 h-1, p less than 0.05) and an increase in high density lipoprotein concentration (33.5 +/- 6.5 versus 14.0 +/- 1.9 microgram . g liver-1 3 h-1, p less than 0.005), which was paralleled by enhanced secretion of apoprotein A-I. The triglyceride: protein ratio was lower in very low density lipoprotein from diabetic animals (8.8 versus 13.4). Analysis of the apoprotein composition showed that diabetic very low density lipoprotein lacked arginine-rich protein (apo-E) and apo-C peptides; diabetic high density lipoprotein also lacked arginine-rich protein but contained more A-IV and apo-C-peptides. This may indicate net transfer of C peptides to high density lipoprotein from the degradation of very low density lipoprotein particles. The ratio of 3H-leucine: 14C-glucosamine incorporation was decreased in all diabetic lipoprotein classes suggesting increased glycosylation of apoproteins. These changes in particle composition may influence lipoprotein metabolism in diabetes through their effects on lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase activity, plasma half-life and tissue binding.
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Elliot B, Roeser HP, Warrell A, Linton I, Owens P, Gaffney T. Effect of a high energy, low carbohydrate diet on serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins. Med J Aust 1981; 1:237-40. [PMID: 7231313 DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a high energy, low carbohydrate (ketogenic) diet on serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins was studied in two normal individuals. A marked rise in serum levels of cholesterol and phospholipid occurred during the diet, but serum triglyceride levels remained within the normal range. High density lipoprotein cholesterol level did not change, and the rise in serum level of cholesterol levels with its distribution in lipoproteins, these observed changes pose a potential atherogenic risk. Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels reverted to normal on discontinuation of the diet. A modest weight loss observed during the diet was regained within 24 hours of the diet's cessation.
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