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Moura MLV, de Menezes AAPM, de Oliveira Filho JWG, do Nascimento MLLB, dos Reis AC, Ribeiro AB, da Silva FCC, Nunes AMV, Rolim HML, de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante AA, Sousa JMDCE. Advances in Antitumor Effects Using Liposomal Citrinin in Induced Breast Cancer Model. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:174. [PMID: 38399235 PMCID: PMC10892831 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the antitumor and toxicogenetic effects of liposomal nanoformulations containing citrinin in animal breast carcinoma induced by 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA). Mus musculus virgin females were divided into six groups treated with (1) olive oil (10 mL/kg); (2) 7,12-DMBA (6 mg/kg); (3) citrinin, CIT (2 mg/kg), (4) cyclophosphamide, CPA (25 mg/kg), (5) liposomal citrinin, LP-CIT (2 μg/kg), and (6) LP-CIT (6 µg/kg). Metabolic, behavioral, hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and toxicogenetic tests were performed. DMBA and cyclophosphamide induced behavioral changes, not observed for free and liposomal citrinin. No hematological or biochemical changes were observed for LP-CIT. However, free citrinin reduced monocytes and caused hepatotoxicity. During treatment, significant differences were observed regarding the weight of the right and left breasts treated with DMBA compared to negative controls. Treatment with CPA, CIT, and LP-CIT reduced the weight of both breasts, with better results for liposomal citrinin. Furthermore, CPA, CIT, and LP-CIT presented genotoxic effects for tumor, blood, bone marrow, and liver cells, although less DNA damage was observed for LP-CIT compared to CIT and CPA. Healthy cell damage induced by LP-CIT was repaired during treatment, unlike CPA, which caused clastogenic effects. Thus, LP-CIT showed advantages for its use as a model of nanosystems for antitumor studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michely Laiany Vieira Moura
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Ag-Anne Pereira Melo de Menezes
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - José Williams Gomes de Oliveira Filho
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Maria Luiza Lima Barreto do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Antonielly Campinho dos Reis
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - Alessandra Braga Ribeiro
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | | | - Hercília Maria Lins Rolim
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanosystems—NANOSFAR, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
| | - João Marcelo de Castro e Sousa
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics—LAPGENIC, Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (M.L.V.M.); (A.-A.P.M.d.M.); (J.W.G.d.O.F.); (M.L.L.B.d.N.); (A.C.d.R.); (F.C.C.d.S.); (A.A.d.C.M.C.); (J.M.d.C.e.S.)
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Cao Y, Dong X, Chen X. Polymer-Modified Liposomes for Drug Delivery: From Fundamentals to Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040778. [PMID: 35456613 PMCID: PMC9026371 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are highly advantageous platforms for drug delivery. To improve the colloidal stability and avoid rapid uptake by the mononuclear phagocytic system of conventional liposomes while controlling the release of encapsulated agents, modification of liposomes with well-designed polymers to modulate the physiological, particularly the interfacial properties of the drug carriers, has been intensively investigated. Briefly, polymers are incorporated into liposomes mainly using “grafting” or “coating”, defined according to the configuration of polymers at the surface. Polymer-modified liposomes preserve the advantages of liposomes as drug-delivery carriers and possess specific functionality from the polymers, such as long circulation, precise targeting, and stimulus-responsiveness, thereby resulting in improved pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, toxicity, and therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we summarize the progress in polymer-modified liposomes for drug delivery, focusing on the change in physiological properties of liposomes and factors influencing the overall therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Cao
- Department of Electronic Chemicals, Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.C.)
| | - Xinyan Dong
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Xuepeng Chen
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.C.)
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Feng X, Liu H, Pan J, Xiong Y, Zhu X, Yan X, Duan Y, Huang Y. Liposome-Encapsulated Tiancimycin A Is Active against Melanoma and Metastatic Breast Tumors: The Effect of cRGD Modification of the Liposomal Carrier and Tiancimycin A Dose on Drug Activity and Toxicity. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1078-1090. [PMID: 35290067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Enediyne natural products, including neocarzinostatin and calicheamicin γ1, are used in the form of a copolymer or antibody-drug conjugate to treat hepatomas and leukemia. Tiancimycin (TNM) A is a novel anthraquinone-fused enediyne that can rapidly and completely kill tumor cells. Herein, we encapsulated TNM A in liposomes (Lip-TNM A) and cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate (cRGD)-functionalized liposomes (cRGD-Lip-TNM A) and demonstrated its antitumor activity using mouse xenografts. Because TNM A causes rapid DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, these nanoparticles exhibited potent cytotoxicity against multiple tumor cells for 8 h. In B16-F10 and KPL-4 xenografts, both nanoparticles showed superior potency over doxorubicin and trastuzumab. However, cRGD-Lip-TNM A reduced the tumor weight more significantly than Lip-TNM A in B16-F10 xenografts, in which the αvβ3-integrin receptors are significantly overexpressed in this melanoma. Lip-TNM A was slightly more active than cRGD-Lip-TNM A against KPL-4 xenografts, which probably reflected the difference of their in vivo fate in this mouse model. In a highly metastatic 4T1 tumor model, cRGD-Lip-TNM A reduced tumor metastasis induced by losartan, a tumor microenvironment-remodeling agent. These findings suggest that targeted delivery of enediynes with unique modes of action may enable more effective translation of anticancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiong Feng
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Huiming Liu
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiangcheng Zhu
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discover, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yanwen Duan
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Natural Product Drug Discover, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Xiangya International Academy of Translational Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.,National Engineering Research Center of Combinatorial Biosynthesis for Drug Discovery, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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Transferrin conjugated Stealth liposomes for sirolimus active targeting in breast cancer. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Coelho JM, Camargo NS, Ganassin R, Rocha MCO, Merker C, Böttner J, Estrela-Lopis I, Py-Daniel KR, Jardim KV, Sousa MH, Ombredane AS, Joanitti GA, Silva RC, Azevedo RB, Longo JPF, Muehlmann LA. Oily core/amphiphilic polymer shell nanocapsules change the intracellular fate of doxorubicin in breast cancer cells. J Mater Chem B 2020; 7:6390-6398. [PMID: 31642844 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00587k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop and test the in vitro biological activity of nanocapsules loaded with a doxorubicin (DOX) free base dissolved in a core of castor oil shelled by poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) conjugated to n-octadecylamine residues. This system was stable and monodisperse, with a hydrodynamic diameter of about 300 nm. These nanocapsules changed the intracellular distribution of DOX, from the nuclei to the cytoplasm, and exhibited higher toxicity towards cancer cells - 4T1 and MCF-7 - and significantly lower toxicity towards normal cells - NIH-3T3 and MCF-10A - in vitro. In conclusion, these nanocapsules are suitable DOX carriers, which remain to be studied in in vivo tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina Moreira Coelho
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil. and Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Nichollas Serafim Camargo
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil. and Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rayane Ganassin
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil. and Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Carolin Merker
- Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Julia Böttner
- Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig 04107, Germany
| | - Karen Rapp Py-Daniel
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alicia Simalie Ombredane
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil. and Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil and Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil
| | - Graziella Anselmo Joanitti
- Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil. and Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil and Laboratory of Bioactive Compounds and Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 72220-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Carvalho Silva
- Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (Inmetro), Rio de Janeiro, 20250-020, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bentes Azevedo
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Figueiró Longo
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
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Zhang Q, Zhang L, Li Z, Xie X, Gao X, Xu X. Inducing Controlled Release and Increased Tumor-Targeted Delivery of Chlorambucil via Albumin/Liposome Hybrid Nanoparticles. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2977-2986. [PMID: 28477146 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomes possess good biocompatibility and excellent tumor-targeting capacity. However, the rapid premature release of lipophilic drugs from the lipid bilayer of liposomes has negative effect on the tumor-targeted drug delivery of liposomes. In this study, a lipophilic antitumor drug-chlorambucil (CHL)-was encapsulated into the aqueous interior of liposomes with the aid of albumin to obtain the CHL-loaded liposomes/albumin hybrid nanoparticles (CHL-Hybrids). The in vitro accumulative release rate of CHL from CHL-Hybrids was less than 50% within 48 h, while the accumulative CHL release was more than 80% for CHL-loaded liposomes (CHL-Lip). After intravenous injection into rats, the half-life (t 1/2β = 5.68 h) and maximum blood concentration (C max = 4.58 μg/mL) of CHL-Hybrids were respectively 1.1 times and 3.5 times higher than that of CHL-Lip. In addition, CHL-Hybrids had better tumor-targeting capacity for it significantly increased the drug accumulation in B16F10 tumors, which contributed to the significantly control of tumor growth compared with CHL-Lip. Furthermore, CHL-Hybrid-treated B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice displayed the longest median survival time of 30.0 days among all the treated groups. Our results illustrated that the proposed hybrids drug delivery system would be a promising strategy to maintain the controlled release of lipophilic antitumor drugs from liposomes and simultaneously facilitate the tumor-targeted drug delivery.
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Haeri A, Sadeghian S, Rabbani S, Shirani S, Anvari MS, Dadashzadeh S. Physicochemical characteristics of liposomes are decisive for their antirestenosis efficacy following local delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 12:131-145. [PMID: 27876438 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop an ameliorated sirolimus (SIR) liposome for intramural delivery, the effects of various carrier physicochemical parameters on the antirestenosis efficacy were evaluated. MATERIALS & METHODS Different liposomes were prepared, characterized and administered to balloon injured rats (12 animal groups). Their efficacies were investigated using morphometric, immunohistochemical and in vivo computed tomography imaging analyses. RESULTS The antirestenosis efficacy of SIR liposomes decreased in the following order: cationic 100 nm vesicles ≥ cationic 60 nm vesicles > neutral 100 nm vesicles ≥ stealth 100 nm vesicles > anionic 100 nm vesicles. The 100 µg SIR loaded in cationic liposomes showed almost no artery stenosis. CONCLUSION Appropriate modulation of physicochemical characteristics makes it possible to optimize the liposomes for local delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Haeri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadeghian
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Rabbani
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shapour Shirani
- Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Simin Dadashzadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Turjeman K, Barenholz Y. Liposomal nano-drugs based on amphipathic weak acid steroid prodrugs for treatment of inflammatory diseases. J Drug Target 2016; 24:805-820. [PMID: 27750439 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2016.1236262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroids are the most efficacious anti-inflammatory agents. However, their toxicities and side-effects compromise their clinical application. Various strategies and major efforts were dedicated for formulating viable liposomal glucocorticosteroids (GCs), so far none of these were approved. OBJECTIVES To evaluate these approaches for formulating GC-delivery systems, especially liposomes, and with focus on the Barenholz Lab experience. METHODS We developed PEGylated nano-liposomes (NSSL) remotely loaded with water-soluble amphipathic weak acid GC-prodrugs. Their remote loading results in high, efficient and stable loading to the level that enables human clinical use. We characterized them for their physical chemistry and stability. We demonstrated their therapeutic efficacy in relevant animal models and studied their pharmacokinetics (PK), biodistribution (BD) and pharmacodynamics advantages over the free pro-drugs. RESULTS Our steroidal nano-drugs demonstrate much superior PK, BD, tolerability and therapeutic efficacies compared to the free pro-drugs and to most drugs currently used to treat these diseases. These nano-drugs act as robust immune-suppressors, affecting cytokines secretion and diminishing hemorrhage and edema. CONCLUSIONS The combination of improved physical-chemistry, PK, BD, tolerability and therapeutic efficacy of these steroidal nano-drugs over the pro-drugs "as-is" support their further clinical development as potential therapeutic agents for treating inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Turjeman
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research , Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
| | - Yechezkel Barenholz
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research , Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School , Jerusalem , Israel
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Yingchoncharoen P, Kalinowski DS, Richardson DR. Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy: What Is Available and What Is Yet to Come. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:701-87. [PMID: 27363439 PMCID: PMC4931871 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.012070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death in many countries around the world. However, the efficacy of current standard treatments for a variety of cancers is suboptimal. First, most cancer treatments lack specificity, meaning that these treatments affect both cancer cells and their normal counterparts. Second, many anticancer agents are highly toxic, and thus, limit their use in treatment. Third, a number of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics are highly hydrophobic, which limits their utility in cancer therapy. Finally, many chemotherapeutic agents exhibit short half-lives that curtail their efficacy. As a result of these deficiencies, many current treatments lead to side effects, noncompliance, and patient inconvenience due to difficulties in administration. However, the application of nanotechnology has led to the development of effective nanosized drug delivery systems known commonly as nanoparticles. Among these delivery systems, lipid-based nanoparticles, particularly liposomes, have shown to be quite effective at exhibiting the ability to: 1) improve the selectivity of cancer chemotherapeutic agents; 2) lower the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs to normal tissues, and thus, reduce their toxic side effects; 3) increase the solubility of hydrophobic drugs; and 4) offer a prolonged and controlled release of agents. This review will discuss the current state of lipid-based nanoparticle research, including the development of liposomes for cancer therapy, different strategies for tumor targeting, liposomal formulation of various anticancer drugs that are commercially available, recent progress in liposome technology for the treatment of cancer, and the next generation of lipid-based nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatsapong Yingchoncharoen
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Shibata H, Izutsu KI, Yomota C, Okuda H, Goda Y. Investigation of factors affectingin vitrodoxorubicin release from PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin for the development ofin vitrorelease testing conditions. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:1376-86. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.954582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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PLGA/liposome hybrid nanoparticles for short-chain ceramide delivery. Pharm Res 2013; 31:684-93. [PMID: 24065591 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rapid premature release of lipophilic drugs from liposomal lipid bilayer to plasma proteins and biological membranes is a challenge for targeted drug delivery. The purpose of this study is to reduce premature release of lipophilic short-chain ceramides by encapsulating ceramides into liposomal aqueous interior with the aid of poly (lactic-coglycolicacid) (PLGA). METHODS BODIPY FL labeled ceramide (FL-ceramide) and BODIPY-TR labeled ceramide (TR-ceramide) were encapsulated into carboxy-terminated PLGA nanoparticles. The negatively charged PLGA nanoparticles were then encapsulated into cationic liposomes to obtain PLGA/liposome hybrids. As a control, FL-ceramide and/or TR ceramide co-loaded liposomes without PLGA were prepared. The release of ceramides from PLGA/liposome hybrids and liposomes in rat plasma, cultured MDA-MB-231 cells, and rat blood circulation was compared using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between FL-ceramide (donor) and TR-ceramide (acceptor). RESULTS FRET analysis showed that FL-ceramide and TR-ceramide in liposomal lipid bilayer were rapidly released during incubation with rat plasma. In contrast, the FL-ceramide and TR-ceramide in PLGA/liposome hybrids showed extended release. FRET images of cells revealed that ceramides in liposomal bilayer were rapidly transferred to cell membranes. In contrast, ceramides in PLGA/liposome hybrids were internalized into cells with nanoparticles simultaneously. Upon intravenous administration to rats, ceramides encapsulated in liposomal bilayer were completely released in 2 min. In contrast, ceramides encapsulated in the PLGA core were retained in PLGA/liposome hybrids for 4 h. CONCLUSIONS The PLGA/liposome hybrid nanoparticles reduced in vitro and in vivo premature release of ceramides and offer a viable platform for targeted delivery of lipophilic drugs.
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Barenholz Y. Doxil®--the first FDA-approved nano-drug: lessons learned. J Control Release 2012; 160:117-34. [PMID: 22484195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2758] [Impact Index Per Article: 229.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Doxil®, the first FDA-approved nano-drug (1995), is based on three unrelated principles: (i) prolonged drug circulation time and avoidance of the RES due to the use of PEGylated nano-liposomes; (ii) high and stable remote loading of doxorubicin driven by a transmembrane ammonium sulfate gradient, which also allows for drug release at the tumor; and (iii) having the liposome lipid bilayer in a "liquid ordered" phase composed of the high-T(m) (53 °C) phosphatidylcholine, and cholesterol. Due to the EPR effect, Doxil is "passively targeted" to tumors and its doxorubicin is released and becomes available to tumor cells by as yet unknown means. This review summarizes historical and scientific perspectives of Doxil development and lessons learned from its development and 20 years of its use. It demonstrates the obligatory need for applying an understanding of the cross talk between physicochemical, nano-technological, and biological principles. However, in spite of the large reward, ~2 years after Doxil-related patents expired, there is still no FDA-approved generic "Doxil" available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yechezkel Barenholz
- Laboratory of Membrane and Liposome Research, Institute of Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Schweingruber N, Haine A, Tiede K, Karabinskaya A, van den Brandt J, Wüst S, Metselaar JM, Gold R, Tuckermann JP, Reichardt HM, Lühder F. Liposomal Encapsulation of Glucocorticoids Alters Their Mode of Action in the Treatment of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:4310-8. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Chemin C, Péan JM, Bourgaux C, Pabst G, Wüthrich P, Couvreur P, Ollivon M. Supramolecular organization of S12363-liposomes prepared with two different remote loading processes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1788:926-35. [PMID: 19101501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 11/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The S12363 anticancer drug was encapsulated into liposomes in an attempt to increase its therapeutic index. Loading of S12363 was achieved using two different processes based on the formation of either a pH gradient or an ammonium gradient between the acidic inner liposomal compartment and the basic outer phase. High encapsulation yields (>90%) were obtained using both processes for sphingomyelin/cholesterol/cholesterol-PEG vesicles. Spectrofluorimetry measurements have shown that liposomes were characterized by an internal pH around 4 for both loading processes. This internal pH was stable over a period of at least 20 days. Differential scanning calorimetry coupled with time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction was used to study the drug/carrier supramolecular organization. In ammonium sulfate, S12363 was inserted into the bilayer in the vicinity of the polar headgroup. In citrate buffer, S12363 was mainly adsorbed at the water-lipid interface. The drug partitioning into the membrane was inhomogeneous and led to the formation of drug-rich and drug-poor domains. This effect was enhanced in the presence of cholesterol, especially in ammonium sulfate. To conclude, for both processes, the encapsulated drug was found inside the liposome aqueous core but strongly interacting with the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Chemin
- Université Paris-Sud 11, UMR CNRS 8612, 5 rue J.B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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Barenholz Y, Cohen R. Rational design of amphiphile-based drug carriers and sterically stabilized carriers. J Liposome Res 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/08982109509012690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Liposomal glucocorticosteroids in treatment of chronic autoimmune demyelination: Long-term protective effects and enhanced efficacy of methylprednisolone formulations. Exp Neurol 2008; 211:397-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2007] [Revised: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Avnir Y, Ulmansky R, Wasserman V, Even-Chen S, Broyer M, Barenholz Y, Naparstek Y. Amphipathic weak acid glucocorticoid prodrugs remote-loaded into sterically stabilized nanoliposomes evaluated in arthritic rats and in a Beagle dog: a novel approach to treating autoimmune arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:119-29. [PMID: 18163482 DOI: 10.1002/art.23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The use of glucocorticoids (GCs) in rheumatoid arthritis is limited by side effects related to unfavorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Liposomal GC formulations have been studied since the 1970s in an attempt to overcome this obstacle, but none has entered clinical use. We undertook this study to determine whether a novel approach could overcome the limitations that have thus far prevented the clinical use of these formulations: low drug:lipid ratio, low encapsulation efficiency, and lack of controlled release. METHODS We used approximately 80-nm sterically stabilized (pegylated) nanoliposomes (NSSLs), which were remote-loaded with an amphipathic weak acid GC (such as methyl prednisolone hemisuccinate) utilizing an intraliposome (aqueous compartment)-high/extraliposome (bulk medium)-low transmembrane calcium acetate gradient. This unique method actually "traps" the GC in the liposomal aqueous phase as a calcium-GC precipitate. RESULTS Our liposome formulation exhibited high encapsulation efficiency (94%) and a high drug:lipid mole ratio (0.41) and demonstrated controlled release of the encapsulated GC during systemic circulation and in inflamed paws in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. In addition, both in arthritic rats and in a Beagle dog, we showed the pharmacokinetic advantage of using liposomes as GC carriers. Finally, we demonstrated the superior therapeutic efficacy of our liposome formulation over that of free GCs in arthritic rats, both in early and in peak disease stages. CONCLUSION Amphipathic weak acid GCs remote-loaded into approximately 80-nm NSSLs overcome past limitations of liposomal GC formulations. The unique loading method, which also leads to controlled release, improves the therapeutic effect both systemically and locally. Such a development has great potential for improving GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Avnir
- The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Joan Taylor M, Taylor P. Overview: Biologicals & Immunologicals: Novel drug delivery systems. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.4.9.1083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Morilla MJ, Benavidez P, Lopez MO, Bakas L, Romero EL. Development and in vitro characterisation of a benznidazole liposomal formulation. Int J Pharm 2002; 249:89-99. [PMID: 12433437 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00453-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find a multilamellar liposomal formulation for the antichagasic drug Benznidazole (BNZ). Different lipid matrices and organic solvents for BNZ were tested in order to obtain the liposomes with the highest g BNZ/100 g total lipid (D/TL) ratio. The best lipid matrices resulted from hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine from soybean (HSPC): Cholesterol (Chol): distearoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (DSPG) (molar ratio 2:2:1) prepared with BNZ dissolved in DMSO. Drug loading of 2 g BNZ/100 g total lipids at a total lipid concentration of 20-30 mM was obtained. Two in vitro assays on the HSPC:Chol:DSPG formulation to predict its in vivo behaviour were performed. In the first experiments, after 60 min at 1-450-fold dilution in buffer at 37 degrees C, the amount of drug associated to liposomes was reduced from 2 to 0.25 g BNZ/100 g total lipids at a rate of 65% (drug lost) min(-1) at the first minute followed by 0.4% (drug lost) min(-1) during the next hour. When incubated in plasma at 37 degrees C, the HSPC:Chol:DSPG formulations bounded a high amount of plasma proteins: r=2400 microg plasma protein per micromol total lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Morilla
- Laboratorio de Diseño de Transportadores de Drogas, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Roque Saenz Peña 180, Bernal B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Turk MJ, Reddy JA, Chmielewski JA, Low PS. Characterization of a novel pH-sensitive peptide that enhances drug release from folate-targeted liposomes at endosomal pHs. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1559:56-68. [PMID: 11825588 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(01)00441-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although liposomes have proven useful for the delivery of drugs and gene therapy vectors, their potencies are often compromised by poor unloading following uptake into their target cells. We have consequently explored the properties of a novel 29-residue amphipathic peptide that was designed by arrangement of hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues to disrupt liposomes at lower peptide concentrations than previously tested peptides. The peptide was indeed found to promote pH-dependent liposome unloading with improved efficiency. A peptide of the same sequence, but half the length, however, promoted pH-dependent permeabilization only at much higher concentrations. Further characterization of the longer peptide revealed that release of liposome contents (i) occurred at a pH of approximately 6, (ii) became less efficient as the size of the encapsulated cargo increased, and (iii) was moderately suppressed in cholesterol-containing liposomes. Use of this peptide to enhance the cytotoxicity of cytosine arabinoside encapsulated in folate-targeted liposomes demonstrated an increase in drug potency of approximately 30-fold. Gene expression by a serum-stable folate-targeted liposomal vector was also measurably enhanced by inclusion of the peptide. We conclude that intracellular unloading of liposomal contents can be significantly improved by co-encapsulation of an optimally designed, pH-sensitive peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jo Turk
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 1393 Brown Building, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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22
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Abstract
The incorporation of polymer-lipid conjugates, initially using PEG and subsequently other selected flexible, hydrophilic polymers, into lipid bilayers gives rise to sterically stabilized liposomes that exhibit reduced blood clearance and concomitant changes in tissue distribution largely because of reduced, but not eliminated, phagocytic uptake. Changes in tissue distribution includes 'passive' targeting localization into sites of tumors, infection, inflammation characterized by presence of a 'leaky' vasculature which represent useful applications for drug delivery. The polymer forms a surface coating which has been characterized by physical measurements and it appears to function through steric inhibition of the protein binding and cellular interactions leading to phagocytic uptake. The current understanding of the physical and biological properties are reviewed. Ongoing work in the field involves interests to increase complexity such as addition of (1) selective targeting ligands by chemical conjugation to the exterior surface of the polymer coating, (2) capabilities for intracellular release of encapsulated agents into the cytoplasm, and (3) both simultaneously.
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Diminsky D, Schirmbeck R, Reimann J, Barenholz Y. Comparison between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles derived from mammalian cells (CHO) and yeast cells (Hansenula polymorpha): composition, structure and immunogenicity. Vaccine 1997; 15:637-47. [PMID: 9178464 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(96)00239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The composition, structure and immunogenicity of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and from cells of the yeast Hansenula polymorpha were compared. The particles were similar in size distribution (mean 20-33 nm), in shape (spherical), in gross composition (protein to lipid weight ratio of 60:40), and in types of lipids (phospholipids > > sterols = sterol esters = triacylglycerols). Differences related to genetic engineering and type of host cells were found in peptide and lipid compositions. CHO-HBsAg has three peptides: S, M and L, each in two forms of glycosylation, while the Hansenula-HBsAg has only the nonglycosylated S peptide. The electrical surface potential at the lipid/water interface of HBsAg derived from Hansenula is more negative than that of HBsAg derived from CHO, which was close to neutrality. Although the numbers of cysteine residues (all in the S peptides) are identical (14), 11 of them are free thiols in the CHO-HBsAg, compared with three to four in the Hansenula-HBsAg. The fact that 85% of the phospholipids are hydrolyzed by phospholipase C and that all the aminophospholipids react with trinitrobenzenesulfate suggests that the particles derived from both cell types are either leaky vesicles or have a lipoprotein-like structure. Subcutaneous injection into mice of fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled HBsAg particles from both sources resulted in their accumulation in the marginal sinus of lymph nodes. The humoral responses to subcutaneous injection into mice of CHO- and Hansenula-HBsAg were similar: however, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to CHO-HBsAg was lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Diminsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Barenholz Y, Bolotin E, Cohen R, Gabizon A. Sterically Stabilized Doxorubicin Loaded Liposomes (Dox-Sl™): From Basics to the Clinics. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509608545148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lasic DD, Ceh B, Stuart MC, Guo L, Frederik PM, Barenholz Y. Transmembrane gradient driven phase transitions within vesicles: lessons for drug delivery. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1239:145-56. [PMID: 7488619 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(95)00159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Phase transitions in closed vesicles, i.e., microenvironments defined by the size of the vesicle, its contents, and permeability of its membrane are becoming increasingly important in several scientific disciplines including catalysis, growth of small crystals, cell function studies, and drug delivery. The membrane composed from lipid bilayer is in general impermeable to ions and larger hydrophilic ions. Ion transport can be regulated by ionophores while permeation of neutral and weakly hydrophobic molecules can be controlled by concentration gradients. Some weak acids or bases, however, can be transported through the membrane due to various gradients, such as electrical, ionic (pH) or specific salt (chemical potential) gradients. Upon permeation of appropriate species and reaction with the encapsulated species precipitation may occur in the vesicle interior. Alternatively, these molecules can also associate with the leaflets of the bilayer according to the transmembrane potential. Efficient liposomal therapeutics require high drug to lipid ratios and drug molecules should have, especially when associated with long circulating liposomes, low leakage rates. In this article we present very efficient encapsulation of two drugs via their intraliposomal precipitation, characterize the state of encapsulated drug within the liposome and try to fit the experimental data with a recently developed theoretical model. Nice agreement between a model which is based on chemical potential equilibration of membrane permeable species with experimental data was observed. The high loading efficiencies, however are only necessary but not sufficient condition for effective therapies. If adequate drug retention within liposomes, especially in the case of long-circulating ones, is not achieved, the therapeutic index decreases substantially. Anticancer drug doxorubicin precipitates in the liposome interior in a form of gel with low solubility product and practically does not leak out in blood circulation in the scale of days. With an antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, the high loading efficacy and test tube stability is not reproduced in in vitro plasma leakage assays and in vivo. We believe that the reasons are higher solubility product of precipitated drug in the liposome, larger fraction of neutral molecules due closer pK values of the drug with the pH conditions in the solutions and high membrane permeability of this molecule. High resolution cryoEM shows that encapsulated anticancer agent doxorubicin is precipitated in the form of bundles of parallel fibers while antibiotic ciprofloxacin shows globular precipitate. Doxorubicin gelatin also causes the change of vesicle shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Lasic
- Liposome Technology Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA
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Gabizon AA. Liposome circulation time and tumor targeting: implications for cancer chemotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0169-409x(95)00030-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gabizon A, Isacson R, Libson E, Kaufman B, Uziely B, Catane R, Ben-Dor CG, Rabello E, Cass Y, Peretz T. Clinical studies of liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin. Acta Oncol 1994; 33:779-86. [PMID: 7993646 DOI: 10.3109/02841869409083948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Initial clinical studies with doxorubicin entrapped in the bilayer of phosphatidylglycerol-rich liposomes were hindered by the avid reticuloendothelial system (RES) uptake and by drug leakage from circulating liposomes. In contrast, recent tests of a doxorubicin formulation of polyethyleneglycol-coated liposomes (Doxil) in cancer patients indicate that the drug pharmacokinetic properties are significantly altered, with a prolonged distribution half-life of approximately 2 days. Plasma fractionation studies show that nearly all the drug measured in plasma is in liposome-encapsulated form. The dose of Doxil has been escalated from 25 to 60 mg/m2. Stomatitis is the most significant toxicity, and skin toxicity, in the form of hand-foot syndrome, may complicate the repeated administration of Doxil. A number of objective antitumor responses in a variety of malignancies have been observed, indicating that Doxil is an active antitumor compound. Polyethyleneglycol-coated liposomes show a distinct advantage over previous liposome formulations directed at the RES and appear to be a promising drug delivery system for doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gabizon
- Department of Oncology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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