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Vöhringer P. Vibrations tell the tale. A time-resolved mid-infrared perspective of the photochemistry of iron complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:256-266. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved infrared spectroscopies are used to elucidate multiscalar photochemical processes of iron complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vöhringer
- Abteilung für Molekulare Physikalische Chemie
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität
- 53115 Bonn
- Germany
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2
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Koike K, Grills DC, Tamaki Y, Fujita E, Okubo K, Yamazaki Y, Saigo M, Mukuta T, Onda K, Ishitani O. Investigation of excited state, reductive quenching, and intramolecular electron transfer of Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction using time-resolved IR measurements. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2961-2974. [PMID: 29719677 PMCID: PMC5897880 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05338j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular photocatalysts in which Ru(ii) photosensitizer and Re(i) catalyst units are connected to each other by an ethylene linker are among the best known, most effective and durable photocatalytic systems for CO2 reduction. In this paper we report, for the first time, time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectra of three of these binuclear complexes to uncover why the catalysts function so efficiently. Selective excitation of the Ru unit with a 532 nm laser pulse induces slow intramolecular electron transfer from the 3MLCT excited state of the Ru unit to the Re unit, with rate constants of (1.0-1.1) × 104 s-1 as a major component and (3.5-4.3) × 106 s-1 as a minor component, in acetonitrile. The produced charge-separated state has a long lifetime, with charge recombination rate constants of only (6.5-8.4) × 104 s-1. Thus, although it has a large driving force (-ΔG0CR ∼ 2.6 eV), this process is in the Marcus inverted region. On the other hand, in the presence of 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (BNAH), reductive quenching of the excited Ru unit proceeds much faster (kq[BNAH (0.2 M)] = (3.5-3.8) × 106 s-1) than the abovementioned intramolecular oxidative quenching, producing the one-electron-reduced species (OERS) of the Ru unit. Nanosecond TRIR data clearly show that intramolecular electron transfer from the OERS of the Ru unit to the Re unit (kET > 2 × 107 s-1) is much faster than from the excited state of the Ru unit, and that it is also faster than the reductive quenching process of the excited Ru unit by BNAH. To measure the exact value of kET, picosecond TRIR spectroscopy and a stronger reductant were used. Thus, in the case of the binuclear complex with tri(p-fluorophenyl)phosphine ligands (RuRe(FPh)), for which intramolecular electron transfer is expected to be the fastest among the three binuclear complexes, in the presence of 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIH), kET was measured as kET = (1.4 ± 0.1) × 109 s-1. This clearly shows that intramolecular electron transfer in these RuRe binuclear supramolecular photocatalysts is not the rate-determining process in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2, which is one of the main reasons why they work so efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Koike
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology , 16-1 Onogawa , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8569 , Japan .
| | - David C Grills
- Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , NY 11973-5000 , USA .
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , NY 11973-5000 , USA .
| | - Kei Okubo
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Yasuomi Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Masaki Saigo
- Department of Chemistry , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan .
| | - Tatsuhiko Mukuta
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
| | - Ken Onda
- Department of Chemistry , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan .
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry , Tokyo Institute of Technology , O-okayama 2-12-1, E1-9 , Meguro-ku , Tokyo 152-8550 , Japan .
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3
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Olmon ED, Hill MG, Barton JK. Using metal complex reduced states to monitor the oxidation of DNA. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:12034-44. [PMID: 22043853 PMCID: PMC3277451 DOI: 10.1021/ic201511y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metallointercalating photooxidants interact intimately with the base stack of double-stranded DNA and exhibit rich photophysical and electrochemical properties, making them ideal probes for the study of DNA-mediated charge transport (CT). The complexes [Rh(phi)(2)(bpy')](3+) (phi = 9,10-phenanthrenequinone diimine; bpy' = 4-methyl-4'-(butyric acid)-2,2'-bipyridine), [Ir(ppy)(2)(dppz')](+) (ppy = 2-phenylpyridine; dppz' = 6-(dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazin-11-yl)hex-5-ynoic acid), and [Re(CO)(3)(dppz)(py')](+) (dppz = dipyrido[2,3-a:2',3'-c]phenazine; py' = 3-(pyridin-4-yl)-propanoic acid) were each covalently tethered to DNA to compare their photooxidation efficiencies. Biochemical studies show that upon irradiation, the three complexes oxidize guanine by long-range DNA-mediated CT with the efficiency: Rh > Re > Ir. Comparison of spectra obtained by spectroelectrochemistry after bulk reduction of the free metal complexes with those obtained by transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy of the conjugates suggests that the reduced metal states form following excitation of the conjugates at 355 nm. Electrochemical experiments and kinetic analysis of the TA decays indicate that the thermodynamic driving force for CT, variations in the efficiency of back electron transfer, and coupling to DNA are the primary factors responsible for the trend observed in the guanine oxidation yields of the three complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Olmon
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Michael G. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Occidental College, Los Angeles, California 90041, USA
| | - Jacqueline K. Barton
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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4
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Olmon ED, Sontz PA, Blanco-Rodríguez AM, Towrie M, Clark IP, Vlček A, Barton JK. Charge photoinjection in intercalated and covalently bound [Re(CO)3(dppz)(py)]+-DNA constructs monitored by time-resolved visible and infrared spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:13718-30. [PMID: 21827149 PMCID: PMC3227519 DOI: 10.1021/ja205568r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The complex [Re(CO)(3)(dppz)(py'-OR)](+) (dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine; py'-OR = 4-functionalized pyridine) offers IR sensitivity and can oxidize DNA directly from the excited state, making it a promising probe for the study of DNA-mediated charge transport (CT). The behavior of several covalent and noncovalent Re-DNA constructs was monitored by time-resolved IR (TRIR) and UV/visible spectroscopies, as well as biochemical methods, confirming the long-range oxidation of DNA by the excited complex. Optical excitation of the complex leads to population of MLCT and at least two distinct intraligand states. Experimental observations that are consistent with charge injection from these excited states include similarity between long-time TRIR spectra and the reduced state spectrum observed by spectroelectrochemistry, the appearance of a guanine radical signal in TRIR spectra, and the eventual formation of permanent guanine oxidation products. The majority of reactivity occurs on the ultrafast time scale, although processes dependent on slower conformational motions of DNA, such as the accumulation of oxidative damage at guanine, are also observed. The ability to measure events on such disparate time scales, its superior selectivity in comparison to other spectroscopic techniques, and the ability to simultaneously monitor carbonyl ligand and DNA IR absorption bands make TRIR a valuable tool for the study of CT in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Olmon
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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5
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Cao Q, Creely CM, Davies ES, Dyer J, Easun TL, Grills DC, McGovern DA, McMaster J, Pitchford J, Smith JA, Sun XZ, Kelly JM, George MW. Excited state dependent electron transfer of a rhenium-dipyridophenazine complex intercalated between the base pairs of DNA: a time-resolved UV-visible and IR absorption investigation into the photophysics of fac-[Re(CO)3(F2dppz)(py)]+ bound to either [poly(dA-dT)]2 or [poly(dG-dC)]2. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2011; 10:1355-64. [PMID: 21698328 DOI: 10.1039/c1pp05050h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The transient species formed following excitation of fac-[Re(CO)(3)(F(2)dppz)(py)](+) (F(2)dppz = 11,12-difluorodipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) bound to double-stranded polynucleotides [poly(dA-dT)](2) or [poly(dG-dC)](2) have been studied by transient visible and infra-red spectroscopy in both the picosecond and nanosecond time domains. The latter technique has been used to monitor both the metal complex and the DNA by monitoring the regions 1900-2100 and 1500-1750 cm(-1) respectively. These data provide direct evidence for electron transfer from guanine to the excited state of the metal complex, which proceeds both on a sub-picosecond time scale and with a lifetime of 35 ps, possibly due to the involvement of two excited states. No electron transfer is found for the [poly(dA-dT)](2) complex, although characteristic changes are seen in the DNA-region TRIR consistent with changes in the binding of the bases in the intercalation site upon excitation of the dppz-complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK NG7 2RD
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6
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Fraser MG, Clark CA, Horvath R, Lind SJ, Blackman AG, Sun XZ, George MW, Gordon KC. Complete Family of Mono-, Bi-, and Trinuclear ReI(CO)3Cl Complexes of the Bridging Polypyridyl Ligand 2,3,8,9,14,15-Hexamethyl-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinapthalene: Syn/Anti Isomer Separation, Characterization, and Photophysics. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:6093-106. [DOI: 10.1021/ic200136t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Fraser
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte A. Clark
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Horvath
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Samuel J. Lind
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Allan G. Blackman
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Xue-Zhong Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Michael W. George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Keith C. Gordon
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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7
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Horvath R, Gordon KC. Understanding excited-state structure in metal polypyridyl complexes using resonance Raman excitation profiles, time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory. Coord Chem Rev 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2009.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Kuimova MK, Alsindi WZ, Blake AJ, Davies ES, Lampus DJ, Matousek P, McMaster J, Parker AW, Towrie M, Sun XZ, Wilson C, George MW. Probing the Solvent Dependent Photophysics of fac-[Re(CO)3(dppz-X2)Cl] (dppz-X2 = 11,12-X2-dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine); X = CH3, H, F, Cl, CF3). Inorg Chem 2008; 47:9857-69. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800753f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina K. Kuimova
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Wassim Z. Alsindi
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Alexander J. Blake
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - E. Stephen Davies
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Daniele J. Lampus
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Pavel Matousek
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Jonathan McMaster
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Anthony W. Parker
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Michael Towrie
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Xue-Zhong Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Claire Wilson
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
| | - Michael W. George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., and Central Laser Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire
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9
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Alsindi WZ, Easun TL, Sun XZ, Ronayne KL, Towrie M, Herrera JM, George MW, Ward MD. Probing the Excited States of d6 Metal Complexes Containing the 2,2‘-Bipyrimidine Ligand Using Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy. 1. Mononuclear and Homodinuclear Systems. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:3696-704. [PMID: 17391026 DOI: 10.1021/ic0623112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectroscopic studies on a series of weakly luminescent or nonluminescent 2,2'-bipyrimidine-based complexes to probe their electronic structure and the dynamic behavior of their excited states on the picosecond and nanosecond time scales. The complexes are mononuclear [Re(CO)3Cl(bpm)] (1), [Ru(CN)4(bpm)]2- (2), and [Ru(bpyam)2(bpm)]2+ (3) [bpm=2,2'-bipyrimidine; bpyam=2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-(CONEt2)2] and their homodinuclear analogues [{Re(CO)3Cl}2(mu-bpm)] (4), [{Ru(CN)4}2(mu-bpm)]2- (5), and [{Ru(bpyam)2}2(mu-bpm)]4+ (6). Complex 1 shows the characteristic shift of the three nu(CO) bands to higher energy in the Re-->bpm triplet metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (3MLCT) state, which has a lifetime of 1.2 ns. In contrast, the dinuclear complex 4 shows nu(CO) transient bands to both higher and lower energy than the ground state indicative of, on the IR time scale, an asymmetric excited state [(OC)3ClReI(bpm*-)ReII(CO)3Cl] whose lifetime is 46 ps. The cyanoruthenate complexes 2 and 5 show comparable behavior, with a shift of the nu(CN) bands to higher energy in the excited state for mononuclear 2 but two sets of transient bands-one to higher energy and one to lower energy-in dinuclear 5, consistent with an asymmetric charge distribution [(NC)4RuII(bpm*-)RuIII(CN)4]4- in the 3MLCT state. These cyanoruthenate complexes have much longer lifetimes in D2O compared with CH3CN, viz., 250 ps and 3.4 ns for 2 and 65 ps and 1.2 ns for 5 in CH3CN and D2O, respectively. In complex 3, both higher-energy Ru-->bpyam and lower-energy Ru-->bpm 3MLCT states are formed following 400 nm excitation; the former decays rapidly (tau=6-7 ps) to the latter, and the subsequent decay of the Ru-->bpm 3MLCT state occurs with a lifetime of 60 or 97 ns in D2O or CH3CN, respectively. Similar behavior is shown by dinuclear 6 in both D2O and CH3CN, with initial interconversion from the Ru-->bpyam to the Ru-->bpm 3MLCT state occurring with tau approximately 7 ps and the resultant Ru-->bpm 3MLCT state decaying on the nanosecond time scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassim Z Alsindi
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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10
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Browne WR, McGarvey JJ. The Raman effect and its application to electronic spectroscopies in metal-centered species: Techniques and investigations in ground and excited states. Coord Chem Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Organometallic Chemistry of Polypyridine Ligands II. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(06)94002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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12
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Kuimova MK, Sun XZ, Matousek P, Grills DC, Parker AW, Towrie M, George MW. Probing intraligand and charge transfer excited states of fac-[Re(R)(CO)3(CO2Et-dppz)]+ (R = py, 4-Me2N-py; CO2Et-dppz = dipyrido[3,2a:2′,3′c]phenazine-11-carboxylic ethyl ester) using time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:1158-63. [DOI: 10.1039/b705002j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Leadbeater NE. Organometallic Photochemistry: The Study of Short-Lived Intermediates. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/02603599808012252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Schoonover JR, Strouse GF, Omberg KM, Dyer RB. Time-Resolved, Step-Scan FTIR Spectroscopy of Excited States of Transition Metal Complexes. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/02603599608032720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Alstrum-Acevedo JH, Brennaman MK, Meyer TJ. Chemical approaches to artificial photosynthesis. 2. Inorg Chem 2006; 44:6802-27. [PMID: 16180838 DOI: 10.1021/ic050904r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 715] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The goal of artificial photosynthesis is to use the energy of the sun to make high-energy chemicals for energy production. One approach, described here, is to use light absorption and excited-state electron transfer to create oxidative and reductive equivalents for driving relevant fuel-forming half-reactions such as the oxidation of water to O2 and its reduction to H2. In this "integrated modular assembly" approach, separate components for light absorption, energy transfer, and long-range electron transfer by use of free-energy gradients are integrated with oxidative and reductive catalysts into single molecular assemblies or on separate electrodes in photelectrochemical cells. Derivatized porphyrins and metalloporphyrins and metal polypyridyl complexes have been most commonly used in these assemblies, with the latter the focus of the current account. The underlying physical principles--light absorption, energy transfer, radiative and nonradiative excited-state decay, electron transfer, proton-coupled electron transfer, and catalysis--are outlined with an eye toward their roles in molecular assemblies for energy conversion. Synthetic approaches based on sequential covalent bond formation, derivatization of preformed polymers, and stepwise polypeptide synthesis have been used to prepare molecular assemblies. A higher level hierarchial "assembly of assemblies" strategy is required for a working device, and progress has been made for metal polypyridyl complex assemblies based on sol-gels, electropolymerized thin films, and chemical adsorption to thin films of metal oxide nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H Alstrum-Acevedo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #3290, 27599-3290, USA
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16
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She C, Anderson NA, Guo J, Liu F, Goh WH, Chen DT, Mohler DL, Tian ZQ, Hupp JT, Lian T. pH-Dependent Electron Transfer from Re-bipyridyl Complexes to Metal Oxide Nanocrystalline Thin Films. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:19345-55. [PMID: 16853498 DOI: 10.1021/jp053948u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced interfacial electron transfer (ET) from molecular adsorbates to semiconductor nanoparticles has been a subject of intense recent interest. Unlike intramolecular ET, the existence of a quasicontinuum of electronic states in the solid leads to a dependence of ET rate on the density of accepting states in the semiconductor, which varies with the position of the adsorbate excited-state oxidation potential relative to the conduction band edge. For metal oxide semiconductors, their conduction band edge position varies with the pH of the solution, leading to pH-dependent interfacial ET rates in these materials. In this work we examine this dependence in Re(L(P))(CO)3Cl (or ReC1P) [L(P) = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-bis-CH2PO(OH)2] and Re(L(A))(CO)3Cl (or ReC1A) [L(A) = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-bis-CH2COOH] sensitized TiO2 and ReC1P sensitized SnO2 nanocrystalline thin films using femtosecond transient IR spectroscopy. ET rates are measured as a function of pH by monitoring the CO stretching modes of the adsorbates and mid-IR absorption of the injected electrons. The injection rate to TiO2 was found to decrease by 1000-fold from pH 0-9, while it reduced by only a factor of a few to SnO2 over a similar pH range. Comparison with the theoretical predictions based on Marcus' theory of nonadiabatic interfacial ET suggests that the observed pH-dependent ET rate can be qualitatively accounted for by considering the change of density of electron-accepting states caused by the pH-dependent conduction band edge position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxing She
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
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17
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Huynh MHV, Dattelbaum DM, Meyer TJ. Exited state electron and energy transfer in molecular assemblies. Coord Chem Rev 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2004.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Dattelbaum DM, Omberg KM, Hay PJ, Gebhart NL, Martin RL, Schoonover JR, Meyer TJ. Defining Electronic Excited States Using Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Dattelbaum
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Kristin M. Omberg
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - P. Jeffrey Hay
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Nouvelle L. Gebhart
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Richard L. Martin
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Jon R. Schoonover
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Director for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Dattelbaum DM, Martin RL, Schoonover JR, Meyer TJ. Molecular and Electronic Structure in the Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited States of fac-[Re(4,4‘-X2bpy)(CO)3(4-Etpy)]+* (X = CH3, H, Co2Et). Application of Density Functional Theory and Time-Resolved Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp037095m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Dattelbaum
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Richard L. Martin
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Jon R. Schoonover
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Materials Science and Technology and Theoretical Divisions and the Associate Laboratory Director's Office for Strategic Research, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Anderson NA, Ai X, Chen D, Mohler DL, Lian T. Bridge-Assisted Ultrafast Interfacial Electron Transfer to Nanocrystalline SnO2 Thin Films. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035445z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil A. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Xin Ai
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Daitao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Debra L. Mohler
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Dattelbaum DM, Omberg KM, Schoonover JR, Martin RL, Meyer TJ. Application of time-resolved infrared spectroscopy to electronic structure in metal-to-ligand charge-transfer excited states. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:6071-9. [PMID: 12425635 DOI: 10.1021/ic020400i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infrared data in the nu(CO) region (1800-2150 cm(-1), in acetonitrile at 298 K) are reported for the ground (nu(gs)) and polypyridyl-based, metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) excited (nu(es)) states of cis-[Os(pp)2(CO)(L)](n)(+) (pp = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy); L = PPh3, CH(3)CN, pyridine, Cl, or H) and fac-[Re(pp)(CO)3(4-Etpy)](+) (pp = phen, bpy, 4,4'-(CH3)2bpy, 4,4'-(CH3O)2bpy, or 4,4'-(CO2Et)2bpy; 4-Etpy = 4-ethylpyridine). Systematic variations in nu(gs), nu(es), and Delta(nu) (Delta(nu) = nu(es) - nu(gs)) are observed with the excited-to-ground-state energy gap (E(0)) derived by a Franck-Condon analysis of emission spectra. These variations can be explained qualitatively by invoking a series of electronic interactions. Variations in dpi(M)-pi(CO) back-bonding are important in the ground state. In the excited state, the important interactions are (1) loss of back-bonding and sigma(M-CO) bond polarization, (2) pi(pp*-)-pi(CO) mixing, which provides the orbital basis for mixing pi(CO)- and pi(4,4'-X(2)bpy)-based MLCT excited states, and (3) dpi(M)-pi(pp) mixing, which provides the orbital basis for mixing pipi- and pi(4,4'-X(2)bpy*-)-based MLCT states. The results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the ground and excited states of fac-[Re(I)(bpy)(CO)3(4-Etpy)](+) provide assignments for the nu(CO) modes in the MLCT excited state. They also support the importance of pi(4,4'-X2bpy*-)-pi(CO) mixing, provide an explanation for the relative intensities of the A'(2) and A' ' excited-state bands, and provide an explanation for the large excited-to-ground-state nu(CO) shift for the A'(2) mode and its relative insensitivity to variations in X.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Dattelbaum
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA
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Dattelbaum DM, Hartshorn CM, Meyer TJ. Direct measurement of excited-state intervalence transfer in [(tpy)Ru(III)(tppz(*-))Ru(II)(tpy)](4+) by time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:4938-9. [PMID: 11982340 DOI: 10.1021/ja010892i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Extension of time-resolved infrared (TRIR) measurements into the near-infrared region has allowed the first direct measurement of a mixed-valence band in the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state of a symmetrical ligand-bridged complex. Visible laser flash excitation of [(tpy)Ru(tppz)Ru(tpy)]4+ (tppz is 2,3,5,6-tetrakis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine; tpy is 2,2':6',6' '-terpyridine) produces the mixed-valence, MLCT excited state [(tpy)RuIII(tppz*-)RuII(tpy)]4+* with the excited electron localized on the bridging tppz ligand. A mixed-valence band appears at numax = 6300 cm-1 with a bandwidth-at-half- maximum, Deltanu1/2 = 1070 cm-1. In the analogous ground-state complex, [(tpy)Ru(tppz)Ru(tpy)]5+, a mixed-valence band appears at numax = 6550 cm-1 with Deltanu1/2 = 970 cm-1 which allows a comparison to be made of electronic coupling across tppz0 and tppz*- as bridging ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M Dattelbaum
- Department of Chemistry, CB No. 3290, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, USA
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24
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Dattelbaum DM, Meyer TJ. Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer Excited-State ν(CO) Shifts in Rigid Media. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp014057z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Dattelbaum
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS A127, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS A127, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Argazzi R, Bertolasi E, Chiorboli C, Bignozzi CA, Itokazu MK, Murakami Iha NY. Intramolecular energy transfer processes in binuclear Re-Os complexes. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:6885-91. [PMID: 11754268 DOI: 10.1021/ic010224y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of bimetallic complexes of general formula [(phen)Re(CO)(3)LOs(trpy)(bpy)](3+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, trpy = 2,2':6',2' '-terpyridine, and L = 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bpy), trans-1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (t-bpe), or 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpa)) and the model mononuclear species [(phen)Re(CO)(3)L](+) and [Os(trpy)(bpy)L](2+) have been synthesized and their photophysical and photochemical properties studied. In the binuclear species an efficient Re(I)-Os(II) energy transfer is observed, which is analyzed in terms of Förster theory. In the binuclear [(phen)Re(CO)(3)(t-bpe)Os(trpy)(bpy)](3+) complex, the trans to cis isomerization of the coordinated t-bpe ligand, characteristic of the [(phen)Re(CO)(3)(t-bpe)](+) subunit, is inhibited by competitive intramolecular energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Argazzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Ferrara, Centro di Fotoreattività e Catalisi CNR, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Demadis KD, Hartshorn CM, Meyer TJ. The localized-to-delocalized transition in mixed-valence chemistry. Chem Rev 2001; 101:2655-86. [PMID: 11749392 DOI: 10.1021/cr990413m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 852] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K D Demadis
- Department of Chemistry, Venable and Kenan Laboratories, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290, USA
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Whittle CE, Weinstein JA, George MW, Schanze KS. Photophysics of diimine platinum(II) bis-acetylide complexes. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:4053-62. [PMID: 11466068 DOI: 10.1021/ic0102182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive photophysical investigation has been carried out on a series of eight complexes of the type (diimine)Pt(-C=C-Ar)(2), where diimine is a series of 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) ligands and -C=C-Ar is a series of substituted aryl acetylide ligands. In one series of complexes, the energy of the Pt --> bpy metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state is varied by changing the substituents on the 4,4'- and/or the 5,5'-positions of the bpy ligand. In a second series of complexes the electronic demand of the aryl acetylide ligand is varied by changing the para substituent (X) on the aryl ring (X = -CF(3), -CH(3), -OCH(3), and -N(CH(3))(2)). The effect of variation of the substituents on the excited states of the complexes has been assessed by examining their UV-visible absorption, variable-temperature photoluminescence, transient absorption, and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the nonradiative decay rates of the series of complexes are subjected to a quantitative energy gap law analysis. The results of this study reveal that in most cases the photophysics of the complexes is dominated by the energetically low lying Pt --> bpy (3)MLCT state. Some of the complexes also feature a low-lying intraligand (IL) (3)pi,pi excited state that is derived from transitions between pi- and pi-type orbitals localized largely on the aryl acetylide ligands. The involvement of the IL (3)pi,pi state in the photophysics of some of the complexes is signaled by unusual features in the transient absorption, time-resolved infrared, and photoluminescence spectra and in the excited-state decay kinetics. The time-resolved infrared difference spectroscopy indicates that Pt --> bpy MLCT excitation induces a +25 to + 35 cm(-)(1) shift in the frequency of the C=C stretching band. This is the first study to report the effect of MLCT excitation on the vibrational frequency of an acetylide ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Whittle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA
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28
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Asbury JB, Hao E, Wang Y, Lian T. Bridge Length-Dependent Ultrafast Electron Transfer from Re Polypyridyl Complexes to Nanocrystalline TiO2 Thin Films Studied by Femtosecond Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002541g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John B. Asbury
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Encai Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Yongqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Bernhard S, Omberg KM, Strouse GF, Schoonover JR. Time-resolved IR studies of [Re(LL)(CO)4]+. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:3107-10. [PMID: 11196908 DOI: 10.1021/ic991175g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Bernhard
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Mail Stop E549, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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30
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Wang Y, Asbury JB, Lian T. Ultrafast Excited-State Dynamics of Re(CO)3Cl(dcbpy) in Solution and on Nanocrystalline TiO2 and ZrO2 Thin Films. J Phys Chem A 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9936648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - John B. Asbury
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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31
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López R, Leiva AM, Zuloaga F, Loeb B, Norambuena E, Omberg KM, Schoonover JR, Striplin D, Devenney M, Meyer TJ. Excited-State Electron Transfer in a Chromophore-Quencher Complex. Spectroscopic Identification of a Redox-Separated State. Inorg Chem 1999; 38:2924-2930. [PMID: 11671039 DOI: 10.1021/ic981050w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the chromophore-quencher complex fac-[Re(Aqphen)(CO)(3)(py-PTZ)](+) (Aqphen is 12,17-dihydronaphtho[2,3-h]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]-phenazine-12,17-dione; py-PTZ is 10-(4-picolyl)phenothiazine), Aqphen is a dppz derivative, containing a pendant quinone acceptor at the terminus of a rigid ligand framework. This introduces a third, low-lying, ligand-based pi acceptor level localized largely on the quinone fragment. Laser flash excitation of fac-[Re(Aqphen)(CO)(3)(py-PTZ)](+) (354.7 nm; in 1,2-dichloroethane) results in the appearance of a relatively long-lived transient that decays with tau(298K) = 300 ns (k = 3.3 x 10(6) s(-)(1)). Application of transient absorption, time-resolved resonance Raman, and time-resolved infrared spectroscopies proves that this transient is the redox-separated state fac-[Re(I)(Aqphen(*)(-)())(CO)(3)(py-PTZ(*)(+)())](+) in which the excited electron is localized largely on the quinone portion of the Aqphen ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa López
- Department of Chemistry, CB#3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
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Kleverlaan CJ, Stufkens DJ, Clark IP, George MW, Turner JJ, Martino DM, van Willigen H, Vlček A. Photoinduced Radical Formation from the Complexes [Re(R)(CO)3(4,4‘-Me2-bpy)] (R = CH3, CD3, Et, iPr, Bz): A Nanosecond Time-Resolved Emission, UV−Vis and IR Absorption, and FT-EPR Study. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja980540k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis J. Kleverlaan
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Derk J. Stufkens
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Ian P. Clark
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Michael W. George
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - James J. Turner
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Débora M. Martino
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Hans van Willigen
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Antonín Vlček
- Contribution from the Anorganisch Chemisch Laboratorium, Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, U.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, and Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, U.K
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Schoonover JR, Strouse GF. Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy of Electronically Excited Inorganic Complexes in Solution. Chem Rev 1998; 98:1335-1356. [PMID: 11848935 DOI: 10.1021/cr950273q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon R. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106
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Weiss J, Fischer RA, Pelletier Y, Reber C. Electronic Spectroscopy of (CO)5W−Al[(R)Do2] Complexes. Inorg Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ic970614d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chen P, Palmer RA, Meyer TJ. Electronic Structure in Pyridinium-Based Metal-to-Ligand Charge-Transfer Excited States by Step-Scan FTIR Time-Resolved Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp980225k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pingyun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346
| | - Richard A. Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
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36
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Downs AJ, Greene TM. Coming to Grips with Reactive Intermediates. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(08)60150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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George M, Grills D, Sun XZ, Poliakoff M. Organometallic CO2 complexes in supercritical CO2 : a time-resolved infrared study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-2991(98)80753-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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38
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Omberg KM, Schoonover JR, Meyer TJ. Electronic Distribution in the Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) Excited States of [(4,4‘-(X)2bpy)(CO)3ReI(4,4‘-bpy)ReI(CO)3(4,4‘-(X)2bpy)]2+ (X = H, CH3). Application of Time-Resolved Infrared and Resonance Raman Spectroscopies. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp972522f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M. Omberg
- Department of Chemistry, CB#3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Group (CST-4), Chemical Science and Technology Division, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Jon R. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, CB#3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Group (CST-4), Chemical Science and Technology Division, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, CB#3290, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, and the Bioscience and Biotechnology Group (CST-4), Chemical Science and Technology Division, Mail Stop J586, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
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Clark IP, George MW, Turner JJ. Infrared Spectra of the Excited States of Coordination Compounds Containing CO Groups: Bandwidths in Polar and Nonpolar Solvents. J Phys Chem A 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp970214b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian P. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, U.K. NG7 2RD
| | - Michael W. George
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, U.K. NG7 2RD
| | - James J. Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, U.K. NG7 2RD
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40
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Schoonover JR, Bignozzi CA, Meyer TJ. Application of transient vibrational spectroscopies to the excited states of metal polypyridyl complexes. Coord Chem Rev 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0010-8545(97)90157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zarić S, Couty M, Hall MB. Ab Initio Calculations of the Geometry and Vibrational Frequencies of the Triplet State of Tungsten Pentacarbonyl Amine: A Model for the Unification of the Preresonance Raman and the Time-Resolved Infrared Experiments. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9612662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Zarić
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - Marc Couty
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
| | - Michael B. Hall
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255
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Chen P, Omberg KM, Kavaliunas DA, Treadway JA, Palmer RA, Meyer TJ. Insights on the Excited State Electronic Structures of Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes Obtained by Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Absorption Difference Time-Resolved Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 1997; 36:954-955. [PMID: 11669652 DOI: 10.1021/ic961328p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pingyun Chen
- Departments of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-0359
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Real-time Fourier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy in organometallic chemistry: mechanistic aspects of the fac to mer photoisomerization of fac-[Mn(Br)(CO)3(R-DAB)]. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(96)04477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sun H, Frei H. Time-Resolved Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy of Triplet Excited Duroquinone in a Zeolite. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962136i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Sun
- Laboratory of Chemical Biodynamics, MS Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Heinz Frei
- Laboratory of Chemical Biodynamics, MS Calvin Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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Aarnts MP, Stufkens DJ, Wilms MP, Baerends EJ, Vlček A, Clark IP, George MW, Turner JJ. A Combined Spectroscopic, Photophysical and Theoretical (DFT) Study of the Electronically Excited Inorganometallic Complexes [Ru(E)(E′)(CO)2(iPr–DAB)] (ECl, Me, SnPh3, PbPh3; E′GePh3, SnR3, PbR3 (RMe, Ph);iPr–DAB=N,N'-diisopropyl-1,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene): Evidence of an Exceptionally Long-Lived3σπ* Excited State for [Ru(SnPh3)2(CO)2(iPr–DAB)]. Chemistry 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.19960021214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bignozzi CA, Schoonover JR, Dyer RB. Application of Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy to the Study of Excited-State Intercomponent Processes in Supramolecular Systems. COMMENT INORG CHEM 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/02603599608032715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Schoonover JR, Strouse GF, Dyer RB, Bates WD, Chen P, Meyer TJ. Application of Time-Resolved, Step-Scan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy to Excited-State Electronic Structure in Polypyridyl Complexes of Rhenium(I). Inorg Chem 1996; 35:273-274. [PMID: 11666202 DOI: 10.1021/ic950905r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon R. Schoonover
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290
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Johnson FPA, George MW, Morrison SL, Turner JJ. The structure of W(CO)5L (L = pyridine, piperidine) in the lowest ligand field excited state determined by fast time-resolved IR spectroscopy; unexpected C–O bond length changes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1039/c39950000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ultrafast transient infrared absorption studies of M(CO)6 (M Cr, Mo or W) photoproducts in n-hexane solution. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00812-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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