1
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Hisahara Y, Nakano T, Tamiaki H. Self-aggregation behavior of dimeric chlorophyll-a derivatives linked with ethynylene and m-phenylene moieties. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023; 22:2329-2339. [PMID: 37464173 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00454-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll(Chl)-a derivatives inserting an ethynylene-m-phenylene group between a zinc chlorin ring and a hydroxymethyl group, in which various substituents were introduced on the benzene spacer, were prepared as model compounds for the light-harvesting antennae (chlorosomes) of photosynthetic green bacteria. These compounds were synthesized from a C3-ethynylated Chl-a derivative via sequential Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction, and the effects of the substituents on the phenylene linker on their self-aggregation behaviors were investigated by electronic absorption, circular dichroism, and infrared absorption spectroscopic measurements. These studies exhibited that some compounds gave the disordered self-assemblies including several species; however, the zinc complex of the dimeric Chl-a derivative primarily allowed a single J-aggregate species in an aqueous Triton X-100 micellar solution. Additional control experiments revealed that its self-assembly was constructed through the hydrogen and coordination bonding involving the hydroxymethyl group on benzene ring, keto-carbonyl group at C13-position, and central zinc atom, and this is consistent with a conventional chlorosomal manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Hisahara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takeo Nakano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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2
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Nakano T, Hashimoto Y, Tamiaki H. Synthesis and Self-Aggregation of Chlorophyll-a Derivatives Possessing a Hydroxymethyl Group in the C20-Substituent with Ethynylene and/or Phenylene Linkers. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:35-44. [PMID: 35599619 DOI: 10.1111/php.13655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll(Chl)-a derivatives containing some rigid linkers in the C20 substituents, which were inserted between a hydroxymethyl group and the chlorin π-skeleton, were synthesized and their self-aggregation abilities were investigated. Measurements of electronic absorption, circular dichroism and infrared absorption spectra revealed that the zinc complex of a Chl-a derivative bearing a (p-ethynyl)benzyl alcoholic moiety at the C20-position gave its J-aggregates in an aqueous micellar solution through the hydrogen and coordination bonding. These results exhibited the potential of Chl-a derivatives bearing a hydroxyl group in the C20 substituents as the model compounds for chlorosomal light-harvesting antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Nakano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.,Research Center for Negative Emissions Technologies, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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3
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Ishida Y. Manipulation of Precise Molecular Arrangements and Their Photochemical Properties on Inorganic Surfaces via Multiple Electrostatic Interactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ishida
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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4
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Sakaguchi K, Kishi M, Tamiaki H. Self-aggregation of Synthetic 20- O-Substituted Bacteriochlorophyll- d Analogs. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kana Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masashi Kishi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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5
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Hirose M, Harada J, Tamiaki H. Detection of 13 2-carboxy-chlorin produced by the in vitro BciC enzymatic hydrolysis of zinc chlorophyllide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 40:127931. [PMID: 33705911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Green photosynthetic bacteria with an efficient light-harvesting system contain special chlorophyll molecules, called bacteriochlorophylls c, d, e, in their main antennae. In the biosynthetic pathway, a BciC enzyme is proposed to catalyze the hydrolysis of the C132-methoxycarbonyl group of chlorophyllide a, but the resulting C132-carboxy group has not been detected yet because it is spontaneously removed due to the instability of the β-keto-carboxylic acid. In this study, the in vitro BciC enzymatic reactions of zinc methyl (131R/S)-hydroxy-mesochlorophyllides a were examined and a carboxylic acid possessing the C132S-OH was first observed as the hydrolyzed product of the C132-COOCH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Hirose
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jiro Harada
- Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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6
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Matsubara S, Tamiaki H. Supramolecular Nanofibers Constructed by Hydrogen Bonding of Chlorophyll Dimer. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matsubara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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7
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Hirose M, Harada J, Maeda H, Tamiaki H. Physicochemical and biochemical properties of synthetic zinc 131-(un)substituted chlorophyll-a derivatives. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Wang Z, Suo B, Yin S, Zou W. Quantum Chemical Simulation of the Qy Absorption Spectrum of Zn Chlorin Aggregates for Artificial Photosynthesis. Molecules 2021; 26:1086. [PMID: 33669551 PMCID: PMC7922025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zn chlorin (Znchl) is easy to synthesize and has similar optical properties to those of bacteriochlorophyll c in the nature, which is expected to be used as a light-harvesting antenna system in artificial photosynthesis. In order to further explore the optical characteristics of Znchl, various sizes of a parallel layered Znchl-aggregate model and the THF-Znchl explicit solvent monomer model were constructed in this study, and their Qy excited state properties were simulated by using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and exciton theory. For the Znchl monomer, with a combination of the explicit solvent model and the implicit solvation model based on density (SMD), the calculated Qy excitation energy agreed very well with the experimental one. The Znchl aggregates may be simplified to a Zn36 model to reproduce the experimental Qy absorption spectrum by the Förster coupling theory. The proposed Znchl aggregate model provides a good foundation for the future exploration of other properties of Znchl and simulations of artificial light-harvesting antennas. The results also indicate that J-aggregrates along z-direction, due to intermolecular coordination bonds, are the dominant factor in extending the Qy band of Znchl into the near infrared region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimo Wang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi’an 710127, China;
| | - Bingbing Suo
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi’an 710127, China;
| | - Shiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China;
| | - Wenli Zou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Xi’an 710127, China;
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9
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Self-aggregation of zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analog bearing B-ring reduced chlorin and 17-acrylate residue. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Harada J, Mizoguchi T, Kinoshita Y, Yamamoto K, Tamiaki H. Over-expression of the C82-methyltransferase BchQ in mutant strains of the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum limnaeum for synthesis of C8-hyper-alkylated chlorosomal pigments. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Hirose M, Harada J, Tamiaki H. In Vitro Hydrolysis of Zinc Chlorophyllide a Homologues by a BciC Enzyme. Biochemistry 2020; 59:4622-4626. [PMID: 33258578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosomes in green photosynthetic bacteria are the largest and most efficient light-harvesting antenna systems of all phototrophs. The core part of chlorosomes consists of bacteriochlorophyll c, d, or e molecules. In their biosynthetic pathway, a BciC enzyme catalyzes the removal of the C132-methoxycarbonyl group of chlorophyllide a. In this study, the in vitro enzymatic reactions of chlorophyllide a analogues, C132-methylene- and ethylene-inserted zinc complexes, were examined using a BciC protein from Chlorobaculum tepidum. As the products, their hydrolyzed free carboxylic acids were observed without the corresponding demethoxycarbonylated compounds. The results showed that the in vivo demethoxycarbonylation of chlorophyllide a by an action of the BciC enzyme would occur via two steps: (1) an enzymatic hydrolysis of a methyl ester at the C132-position, followed by (2) a spontaneous (nonenzymatic) decarboxylation in the resulting carboxylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Hirose
- Graduated School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jiro Harada
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduated School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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12
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Yakovlev AG, Taisova AS, Fetisova ZG. Q-band hyperchromism and B-band hypochromism of bacteriochlorophyll c as a tool for investigation of the oligomeric structure of chlorosomes of the green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 146:95-108. [PMID: 31939070 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosomes of green photosynthetic bacteria are the most amazing example of long-range ordered natural light-harvesting antennae. Chlorosomes are the largest among all known photosynthetic light-harvesting structures (~ 104-105 pigments in the aggregated state). The chlorosomal bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c/d/e molecules are organized via self-assembly and do not require proteins to provide a scaffold for efficient light harvesting. Despite numerous investigations, a consensus regarding the spatial structure of chlorosomal antennae has not yet been reached. In the present work, we studied hyperchromism/hypochromism in the chlorosomal BChl c Q/B absorption bands of the green photosynthetic bacterium Chloroflexus (Cfx.) aurantiacus. The chlorosomes were isolated from cells grown under different light intensities and therefore, as we discovered earlier, they had different sizes of both BChl c antennae and their unit building blocks. We have shown experimentally that the Q-/B-band hyperchromism/hypochromism is proportional to the size of the chlorosomal antenna. We explained theoretically these findings in terms of excitonic intensity borrowing between the Q and B bands for the J-/H-aggregates of the BChls. The theory developed by Gülen (Photosynth Res 87:205-214, 2006) showed the dependence of the Q-/B-band hyperchromism/hypochromism on the structure of the aggregates. For the model of exciton-coupled BChl c linear chains within a unit building block, the theory predicted an increase in the hyperchromism/hypochromism with the increase in the number of molecules per chain and a decrease in it with the increase in the number of chains. It was previously shown that this model ensured a good fit with spectroscopy experiments and approximated the BChl c low packing density in vivo. The presented experimental and theoretical studies of the Q-/B-band hyperchromism/hypochromism permitted us to conclude that the unit building block of Cfx. aurantiacus chlorosomes comprises of several short BChl c chains.This conclusion is in accordance with previous linear and nonlinear spectroscopy studies on Cfx. aurantiacus chlorosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei G Yakovlev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.
| | - Alexandra S Taisova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Zoya G Fetisova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.
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13
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Supramolecular chlorophyll aggregates inspired from specific light-harvesting antenna “chlorosome”: Static nanostructure, dynamic construction process, and versatile application. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2020.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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14
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Kishi M, Nakamura Y, Tamiaki H. Effect of additional hydroxy group on self-aggregation of synthetic zinc bacteriochlorophyll-c analogs. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Katayama A, Tamiaki H. Stereoselective self-aggregation of zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs possessing an O-substituted oxime moiety at the 13-position. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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17
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Hirose M, Teramura M, Harada J, Ogasawara S, Tamiaki H. In vitro C13 2-dealkoxycarbonylations of zinc chlorophyll a derivatives including C13 2-substitutes by a BciC enzyme. Bioorg Chem 2020; 102:104111. [PMID: 32738567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosomes in the green photosynthetic bacteria are the largest and most efficient light-harvesting antenna systems of all phototrophs. The core part of chlorosomes consists of bacteriochlorophyll c, d, e, or f molecules. In their biosynthetic pathway, a BciC enzyme catalyzes the removal of the C132-methoxycarbonyl group of chlorophyllide a. In this study, in vitro C132-dealkoxycarbonylations of zinc chlorophyll a derivatives bearing a methyl-, ethyl- or propyl-esterifying group and its methyl ester analogs with additional alkyl and hydroxy groups at the C132-position were examined using the BciC enzyme. The BciC-catalyzed reaction activity for the C132-methoxycarbonylated substrate was comparable to that for the ethoxycarbonylated compound; however, depropoxycarbonylation did not proceed. The BciC enzymatic demethoxycarbonylation of zinc methyl C132-alkylated pheophorbides a was gradually suppressed with the elongation of the alkyl chain and finally became inactive for the propyl substrate. The reaction of the C132-hydroxylated substrate (allomer) was accelerated compared to that of the C132-methyl analog possessing a similar steric size, and gave the corresponding C132-oxo product via further air-oxidation. All of the abovementioned enzymatic reactions occurred for one of the C132-epimers with the same configuration as in chlorophyllide a. The above substrate specificities and product distributions indicated the stereochemistry and size of the BciC enzymatic active site (pocket).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Hirose
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Misato Teramura
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jiro Harada
- Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shin Ogasawara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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18
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Matsubara S, Tamiaki H. Growth model of chlorosome antenna by the environment-dependent stepwise assembly of a zinc chlorophyll derivative. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2020; 145:129-134. [PMID: 32557199 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A zinc chlorophyll derivative possessing an oligoethylene glycol ester at the 17-propionate residue was prepared as a model of specific pigments in chlorosomes, such as bacteriochlorophylls-c, d, and e, by chemical modification of naturally occurring chlorophyll-a. The zinc chlorophyll derivative aggregated in aqueous or hexane solutions containing 1% (v/v) ethanol to give red-shifted and broadened Soret/Qy absorption bands with intense circular dichroism signals, indicating the formation of its chlorosome-like J-type self-aggregates. The atomic force microscope images of the self-aggregates prepared in aqueous or hexane solutions showed thin tube-like (ca. 3 nm diameter) or thick rod-like aggregates (> 20 nm diameter), respectively. After standing these solutions for several days, the nanotubes or nanorods further assembled to give ribbon- or bundle-like aggregates, respectively. The latter transformation (tube to ribbon) was triggered by hydrogen bonding between oligoethylene glycol esters located outside of the tubes via water or ethanol molecules. These dynamic supramolecular transformations may also be useful for revealing the growth process of bacteriochlorophyll self-aggregates in a chlorosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matsubara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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19
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Takeda T, Katayama A, Kinoshita Y, Tamiaki H. Synthesis of zinc 13-oxime-functionalized chlorophyll-a derivatives and their (131E/Z)-dependent self-aggregation. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Fujiwara Y, Takeda T, Ogasawara S, Tamiaki H. Facile 132-methylation of chlorophyll-a derivative and (132R/S)-stereoselective self-aggregation of zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Nakano T, Tamiaki H. Self-Aggregation abilities of synthetic bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs bearing a propargyl- or benzyl-type alcohol. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Hirose M, Teramura M, Harada J, Tamiaki H. BciC-Catalyzed C13 2 -Demethoxycarbonylation of Metal Pheophorbide a Alkyl Esters. Chembiochem 2020; 21:1473-1480. [PMID: 31900999 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriochlorophyll c molecules self-aggregate to form large oligomers in the core part of chlorosomes, which are the main light-harvesting antenna systems of green photosynthetic bacteria. In the biosynthetic pathway of bacteriochlorophyll c, a BciC enzyme catalyzes the removal of the C132 -methoxycarbonyl group of chlorophyllide a, which possesses a free propionate residue at the C17-position and a magnesium ion as the central metal. The in vitro C132 -demethoxycarbonylations of chlorophyll a derivatives with various alkyl propionate residues and central metals were examined by using the BciC enzyme derived from one green sulfur bacteria species, Chlorobaculum tepidum. The BciC enzymatic reactions of zinc pheophorbide a alkyl esters were gradually suppressed with an increase of the alkyl chain length in the C17-propionate residue (from methyl to pentyl esters) and finally the hexyl ester became inactive for the BciC reaction. Although not only the zinc but also nickel and copper complexes were demethoxycarbonylated by the BciC enzyme, the reactions were largely dependent on the coordination ability of the central metals: Zn>Ni>Cu. The above substrate specificity indicates that the BciC enzyme would not bind directly to the carboxy group of chlorophyllide a, but would bind to its central magnesium to form the stereospecific complex of BciC with chlorophyllide a, giving pyrochlorophyllide a, which lacks the (132 R)-methoxycarbonyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuaki Hirose
- Graduated School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Misato Teramura
- Graduated School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jiro Harada
- Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduated School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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23
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Nakano T, Tamiaki H. Synthesis and Self‐Aggregation of Chlorophyll‐
a
Derivatives with Ethynylene and Phenylene Groups Inserted Between the Hydroxymethyl Group and the Chlorin π‐Skeleton. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Nakano
- Graduate School of Life SciencesRitsumeikan University Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life SciencesRitsumeikan University Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577 Japan
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24
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Belykh DV. C–O, C–S, C–N, and C–C Bond Formation at the Periphery of the Macrocycle during Chemical Modification of Phytochlorins: Key Methods and Synthetic Applications. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219120430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Katayama A, Tamiaki H. Synthesis of zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs bearing an alkoxyimino group at the 131-position and their self-aggregation in an aqueous micelle solution. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Shoji S, Ogawa T, Matsubara S, Tamiaki H. Bioinspired supramolecular nanosheets of zinc chlorophyll assemblies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14006. [PMID: 31575931 PMCID: PMC6773735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional sheet-like supramolecules have attracted much attention from the viewpoints of their potential application as functional (nano)materials due to unique physical and chemical properties. One of the supramolecular sheet-like nanostructures in nature is visible in the self-assemblies of bacteriochlorophyll-c–f pigments inside chlorosomes, which are major components in the antenna systems of photosynthetic green bacteria. Herein, we report artificial chlorosomal supramolecular nanosheets prepared by the self-assembly of a synthetic zinc 31-methoxy-chlorophyll derivative having amide and urea groups in the substituent at the 17-position. The semi-synthetic zinc chlorophyll derivative kinetically formed dimeric species and transformed into more thermodynamically stable chlorosomal J-aggregates in the solid state. The kinetically and thermodynamically formed self-assemblies had particle-like and sheet-like supramolecular nanostructures, respectively. The resulting nanosheets of biomimetic chlorosomal J-aggregates had flat surfaces and well-ordered supramolecular structures. The artificial sheet-like nanomaterial mimicking chlorosomal bacteriochlorophyll-c–f J-aggregates was first constructed by the model molecule, and is potentially useful for various applications including artificial light-harvesting antennas and photosyntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunao Shoji
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan. .,Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Ogawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shogo Matsubara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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Fujiwara Y, Tamiaki H. Stereoselective self-aggregation of synthetic zinc 3 1-epimeric bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs possessing a methylene group at the 13 2-position as models of green photosynthetic bacterial chlorosomes. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:1218-1227. [PMID: 30839974 DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00535d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs possessing a methylene group at the 132-position were prepared by chemical modification of naturally occurring chlorophyll-a. The synthetic 31-epimers were successfully separated by reverse phase HPLC to give diastereomerically pure samples. The stereochemistry of the chiral C31-center in the separated bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs was determined by HPLC analysis of the authentic stereoisomers prepared stereospecifically. Both the epimers were monomeric in tetrahydrofuran to give sharp absorption bands, while they self-aggregated to form chlorosomal oligomers with red-shifted bands in an aqueous Triton X-100 micelle solution. The resulting large oligomers deaggregated by addition of Triton X-100 to give monomeric species. Their aggregation and deaggregation were dependent on the 31-stereochemistry, indicating that each epimer produced self-aggregates that were supramolecularly different. The substitution with the 132-methylene group enhanced their self-aggregation abilities and the stability of their resulting self-aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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Matsubara S, Tamiaki H. Phototriggered Dynamic and Biomimetic Growth of Chlorosomal Self-Aggregates. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1207-1211. [PMID: 30624058 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymerizations mimicking native systems, which are step-by-step constructions to form self-aggregates, were recently developed. However, a general system to successively and spontaneously form self-aggregates from monomeric species remains challenging. Here, we report a photoinduced supramolecular polymerization system as a biomimetic formation of chlorophyll aggregates which are the main light-harvesting antennas in photosynthetic green bacteria, called "chlorosomes". In this system, inert chlorophyll derivatives were UV-irradiated to gradually produce active species through deprotection. Such active monomers spontaneously assembled to form fiberlike chlorosomal self-aggregates in a similar manner as a dynamic growth of natural chlorosomal self-aggregates. The study would be useful for elucidation of the formation process of the chlorosomal aggregates and construction of other supramolecular structures in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Matsubara
- Graduate School of Life Sciences , Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu , Shiga 525-8577 , Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences , Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu , Shiga 525-8577 , Japan
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29
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Shoji S, Nomura Y, Tamiaki H. Heterodimers of zinc and free-base chlorophyll derivatives co-assembled in biomimetic chlorosomal J-aggregates. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2019; 18:555-562. [DOI: 10.1039/c8pp00468d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free-base chlorophyll derivatives covalently linked with their zinc complex accepted singlet excitation energy from chlorosomal self-aggregates in their co-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunao Shoji
- Graduate School of Life Sciences
- Ritsumeikan University
- Kusatsu
- Japan
| | - Yosaku Nomura
- Graduate School of Life Sciences
- Ritsumeikan University
- Kusatsu
- Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences
- Ritsumeikan University
- Kusatsu
- Japan
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30
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Günther LM, Löhner A, Reiher C, Kunsel T, Jansen TLC, Tank M, Bryant DA, Knoester J, Köhler J. Structural Variations in Chlorosomes from Wild-Type and a bchQR Mutant of Chlorobaculum tepidum Revealed by Single-Molecule Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:6712-6723. [PMID: 29863357 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Green sulfur bacteria can grow photosynthetically by absorbing only a few photons per bacteriochlorophyll molecule per day. They contain chlorosomes, perhaps the most efficient light-harvesting antenna system found in photosynthetic organisms. Chlorosomes contain supramolecular structures comprising hundreds of thousands of bacteriochlorophyll molecules, which are properly positioned with respect to one another solely by self-assembly and not by using a protein scaffold as a template for directing the mutual arrangement of the monomers. These two features-high efficiency and self-assembly-have attracted considerable attention for developing light-harvesting systems for artificial photosynthesis. However, reflecting the heterogeneity of the natural system, detailed structural information at atomic resolution of the molecular aggregates is not yet available. Here, we compare the results for chlorosomes from the wild type and two mutants of Chlorobaculum tepidum obtained by polarization-resolved, single-particle fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy and theoretical modeling with results previously obtained from nuclear-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cryo-electron microscopy. Only the combination of information obtained from all of these techniques allows for an unambiguous description of the molecular packing of bacteriochlorophylls within chlorosomes. In contrast to some suggestions in the literature, we find that, for the chlorosomes from the wild type as well as for those from mutants, the dominant secondary structural element features tubular symmetry following a very similar construction principle. Moreover, the results suggest that the various options for methylation of the bacteriochlorophyll molecules, which are a primary source of the structural (and spectral) heterogeneity of wild-type chlorosome samples, are exploited by nature to achieve improved spectral coverage at the level of individual chlorosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tenzin Kunsel
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Tank
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , State College , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , State College , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Montana State University , Bozeman , Montana 59717 , United States
| | - Jasper Knoester
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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Light-dependent accumulation of new bacteriochlorophyll-e bearing a vinyl group at the 8-position in the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum limnaeum. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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32
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Shoji S, Ogawa T, Hashishin T, Tamiaki H. Self-Assemblies of Zinc Bacteriochlorophyll-d Analogues Having Amide, Ester, and Urea Groups as Substituents at 17-Position and Observation of Lamellar Supramolecular Nanostructures. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:913-920. [PMID: 29231276 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Chlorosomes are unique light-harvesting apparatuses in photosynthetic green bacteria. Single chlorosomes contain a large number of bacteriochlorophyll (BChl)-c, -d, -e, and -f molecules, which self-assemble without protein assistance. These BChl self-assemblies involving specific intermolecular interactions (Mg⋅⋅⋅O32 -H⋅⋅⋅O=C131 and π-π stacks of chlorin skeletons) in a chlorosome have been reported to be round-shaped rods (or tubes) with diameters of 5 or 10 nm, or lamellae with a layer spacing of approximately 2 nm. Herein, the self-assembly of synthetic zinc BChl-d analogues having ester, amide, and urea groups in the 17-substituent is reported. Spectroscopic analyses indicate that the zinc BChl-d analogues self-assemble in a nonpolar organic solvent in a similar manner to natural chlorosomal BChls with additional assistance by hydrogen-bonding of secondary amide (or urea) groups (CON-H⋅⋅⋅O=CNH). Microscopic analyses of the supramolecules of a zinc BChl-d analogue bearing amide and urea groups show round- or square-shaped rods with widths of about 65 nm. Cryogenic TEM shows a lamellar arrangement of the zinc chlorin with a layer spacing of 1.5 nm inside the rod. Similar thick rods are also visible in the micrographs of self-assemblies of zinc BChl-d analogues with one or two secondary amide moieties in the 17-substituent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunao Shoji
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ogawa
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hashishin
- Faculty of Engineering, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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33
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Saga Y, Takahashi N, Miyatake T, Tamiaki H. Amphiphilic zinc bacteriochlorophyll a derivatives that function as artificial energy acceptors in photosynthetic antenna complexes chlorosomes of the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Chlorobaculum limnaeum. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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20-Substitution effect on self-aggregation of synthetic zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Harada J, Shibata Y, Teramura M, Mizoguchi T, Kinoshita Y, Yamamoto K, Tamiaki H. In Vivo Energy Transfer from Bacteriochlorophyll c,d,e, orfto Bacteriochlorophyll ain Wild-Type and Mutant Cells of the Green Sulfur BacteriumChlorobaculum limnaeum. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Harada
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume 830-0011 Japan
| | - Yutaka Shibata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Misato Teramura
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Kusatsu 525-8577 Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizoguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Kusatsu 525-8577 Japan
| | - Yusuke Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Kusatsu 525-8577 Japan
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Kurume University School of Medicine; Kurume 830-0011 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences; Ritsumeikan University; Kusatsu 525-8577 Japan
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36
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Kuramochi Y, Kawakami Y, Satake A. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Porphyrin Macrorings Composed of Free-Base Porphyrins and Slipped-Cofacial Zinc Porphyrin Dimers. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11008-11018. [PMID: 28841014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembled macroring N-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3 has been constructed by intermolecular complementary coordination among three trisporphyrin Zn-Fb-Zn molecules, each of which consists of a central free-base porphyrin and two imidazolyl-zinc-porphyrin ends. Thus, N-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3 has three slipped-cofacial zinc porphyrin dimers ("special pair model") and three free-base porphyrins, alternately. The zinc porphyrin dimers in N-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3 are covalently connected by a ring-closing olefin metathesis reaction between the allyl ether groups substituted on the zinc porphyrin dimers, giving a covalently linked macroring C-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3. The fluorescence spectra of C-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3 in several solvents show that the photoinduced energy transfer from one of the zinc porphyrin dimers to a free-base porphyrin occurs intramolecularly in toluene, whereas the photoinduced electron transfer predominantly occurs intramolecularly in N,N-dimethylformamide. Treatment of C-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3 with copper(II) acetate gives a Cu-containing heteromultinuclear porphyrin macroring C-(Zn-Cu-Zn)3, demonstrating that C-(Zn-Fb-Zn)3 could be a good precursor to construct various heteromultinuclear porphyrin macrorings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kuramochi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.,Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Akiharu Satake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.,Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Technology, Tokyo University of Science , 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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37
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Yakovlev A, Taisova A, Arutyunyan A, Shuvalov V, Fetisova Z. Variability of aggregation extent of light-harvesting pigments in peripheral antenna of Chloroflexus aurantiacus. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 133:343-356. [PMID: 28361448 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The stationary ground state and femtosecond time-resolved absorption spectra as well as spectra of circular dichroism were measured at room temperature using freshly prepared samples of chlorosomes isolated from fresh cultures of the green bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus. Cultures were grown by using as inoculum the same seed culture but under different light conditions. All measured spectra clearly showed the red shift of BChl c Qy bands (up to 5 nm) for low-light chlorosomes as compared to high-light ones, together with concomitant narrowing of these bands and increasing of their amplitudes. The sizes of the unit BChl c aggregates of the high-light-chlorosomes and the low-light ones were estimated. The fit of all experimental spectra was obtained within the framework of our model proposed before (Fetisova et al., Biophys J 71:995-101, 1996). The model assumes that a unit building block of the BChl c antenna has a form of a tubular aggregate of L = 6 linear single or double exciton-coupled pigment chains within a rod element, with the pigment packing density, approximating that in vivo. The simultaneous fit of all experimental spectra gave the number of pigments in each individual linear pigment chain N = 4 and N = 6 for the high-light and the low-light BChl c unit building blocks, respectively. The size of a unit building block in the BChl c antenna was found to vary from L × N = 24 to L × N = 36 exciton-coupled BChl c molecules being governed by the growth-light intensity. All sets of findings for Chloroflexus aurantiacus chlorosomes demonstrated the biologically expedient light-controlled variability, predicted by us, of the extent of BChl c aggregation within a unit building block in this antenna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Yakovlev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.
| | - Alexandra Taisova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Alexander Arutyunyan
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Vladimir Shuvalov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russian Federation, 142290
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
| | - Zoya Fetisova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991.
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38
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Self-aggregation of synthetic chlorophyll-c derivative and effect of C17-acrylate residue on bridging green gap in chlorosomal model. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Mizoguchi T, Kinoshita Y, Harada J, Tamiaki H. Supramolecular Organogelation of Bacteriochlorophyll-c Possessing an Isobutyl Substituent at the 8-Position in Carbon Tetrachloride. Chempluschem 2017; 82:595-597. [PMID: 31961588 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The supramolecular organogelation of bacteriochlorophyll(BChl)-c carrying an isobutyl substituent at the 8-position was observed in carbon tetrachloride at a concentration of about 10 mm at room temperature. The BChl-c gel was evaluated by several spectroscopic measurements: the electronic absorption spectrum exhibited a far-red shift of the Qy-absorption from 660 to 748 nm and the FTIR spectrum showed a shorter frequency shift of the 13-C=O stretching from 1683 to 1643 cm-1 compared to the shifts of the corresponding monomer solution in tetrahydrofuran. These observations strongly indicate that the gelating BChl-c molecules form self-aggregates that are reminiscent of light-harvesting chlorosomes of green photosynthetic bacteria. The present supramolecular organogel prepared from natural chlorophylls is promising for the creation of an intelligent soft material involving artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Mizoguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jiro Harada
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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40
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Teramura M, Harada J, Tamiaki H. In vitro stereospecific hydration activities of the 3-vinyl group of chlorophyll derivatives by BchF and BchV enzymes involved in bacteriochlorophyll c biosynthesis of green sulfur bacteria. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 130:33-45. [PMID: 26816140 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum (Cba.) tepidum produces bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c pigments bearing a chiral 1-hydroxyethyl group at the 3-position, which self-aggregate to construct main light-harvesting antenna complexes, chlorosomes. The secondary alcoholic hydroxy group is requisite for chlorosomal aggregation and biosynthesized by hydrating the 3-vinyl group of their precursors. Using recombinant proteins of Cba. tepidum BchF and BchV, we examined in vitro enzymatic hydration of some 3-vinyl-chlorophyll derivatives. Both the enzymes catalyzed stereoselective hydration of zinc 3-vinyl-8-ethyl-12-methyl-bacteriopheophorbide c or d to the zinc 31 R-bacteriopheophorbide c or d homolog, respectively, with a slight amount of the 31 S-epimric species. A similar R-stereoselectivity was observed in the BchF-hydration of zinc 3-vinyl-8-ethyl- and propyl-12-ethyl-bacteriopheophorbides c, while their BchV-hydration gave a relatively larger amount of the 31 S-epimers. The in vitro stereoselective hydration confirmed the in vivo production of the S-epimeric species by BchV. The enzymatic hydration for the above 8-propylated substrate proceeded more slowly than that for the 8-ethylated, and the 8-isobutylated substrate was no longer hydrated. Based on these results, biosynthetic pathways of BChl c homologs and epimers are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Teramura
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jiro Harada
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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41
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Shoji S, Mizoguchi T, Tamiaki H. In vitro self-assemblies of bacteriochlorophylls-c from Chlorobaculum tepidum and their supramolecular nanostructures. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Saga Y, Yamashita H, Hirota K. Introduction of perfluoroalkyl chain into the esterifying moiety of bacteriochlorophyll c in the green sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum by pigment biosynthesis. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:4165-4170. [PMID: 27427396 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The green sulfur photosynthetic bacterium Chlorobaculum (Cba.) tepidum was grown in liquid cultures containing perfluoro-1-decanol, 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluoro-1-decanol [CF3(CF2)7(CH2)2OH] or 1H,1H-nonadecafluoro-1-decanol [CF3(CF2)8CH2OH], to introduce rigid and fluorophilic chains into the esterifying moiety of light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c. Exogenous 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluoro-1-decanol was successfully attached to the 17(2)-carboxy group of bacteriochlorophyllide (BChlide) c in vivo: the relative ratio of the unnatural BChl c esterified with this perfluoroalcohol over the total BChl c was 10.3%. Heat treatment of the liquid medium containing 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluoro-1-decanol with β-cyclodextrin before inoculation increased the relative ratio of the BChl c derivative esterified with this alcohol in the total BChl c in Cba. tepidum. In a while, 1H,1H-nonadecafluoro-1-decanol was not attached to BChlide c in Cba. tepidum, which was grown by its supplementation. These results suggest that the rigidity close to the hydroxy group of the esterifying alcohol is not suitable for the recognition by the BChl c synthase called BchK in Cba. tepidum. The unnatural BChl c esterified with 1H,1H,2H,2H-heptadecafluoro-1-decanol participated in BChl c self-aggregates in chlorosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Saga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Hayato Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Keiya Hirota
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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Günther LM, Jendrny M, Bloemsma EA, Tank M, Oostergetel GT, Bryant DA, Knoester J, Köhler J. Structure of Light-Harvesting Aggregates in Individual Chlorosomes. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5367-76. [PMID: 27240572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b03718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Among all photosynthetic organisms, green bacteria have evolved one of the most efficient light-harvesting antenna, the chlorosome, that contains hundreds of thousands of bacteriochlorophyll molecules, allowing these bacteria to grow photosynthetically by absorbing only a few photons per bacteriochlorophyll molecule per day. In contrast to other photosynthetic light-harvesting antenna systems, for which a protein scaffold imposes the proper positioning of the chromophores with respect to each other, in chlorosomes, this is accomplished solely by self-assembly. This has aroused enormous interest in the structure-function relations of these assemblies, as they can serve as blueprints for artificial light harvesting systems. In spite of these efforts, conclusive structural information is not available yet, reflecting the sample heterogeneity inherent to the natural system. Here we combine mutagenesis, polarization-resolved single-particle fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy, cryo-electron microscopy, and theoretical modeling to study the chlorosomes of the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum. We demonstrate that only the combination of these techniques yields unambiguous information on the structure of the bacteriochlorophyll aggregates within the chlorosomes. Moreover, we provide a quantitative estimate of the curvature variation of these aggregates that explains ongoing debates concerning the chlorosome structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Günther
- Experimental Physics IV, University of Bayreuth , D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Marc Jendrny
- Experimental Physics IV, University of Bayreuth , D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Erik A Bloemsma
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Tank
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Gert T Oostergetel
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute , Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University , Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Jasper Knoester
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Experimental Physics IV, University of Bayreuth , D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Tsukatani Y, Mizoguchi T, Thweatt J, Tank M, Bryant DA, Tamiaki H. Glycolipid analyses of light-harvesting chlorosomes from envelope protein mutants of Chlorobaculum tepidum. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2016; 128:235-241. [PMID: 26869354 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chlorosomes are large and efficient light-harvesting organelles in green photosynthetic bacteria, and they characteristically contain large numbers of bacteriochlorophyll c, d, or e molecules. Self-aggregated bacteriochlorophyll pigments are surrounded by a monolayer envelope membrane comprised of glycolipids and Csm proteins. Here, we analyzed glycolipid compositions of chlorosomes from the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum mutants lacking one, two, or three Csm proteins by HPLC equipped with an evaporative light-scattering detector. The ratio of monogalactosyldiacylglyceride (MGDG) to rhamnosylgalactosyldiacylglyceride (RGDG) was smaller in chlorosomes from mutants lacking two or three proteins in CsmC/D/H motif family than in chlorosomes from the wild-type, whereas chlorosomes lacking CsmIJ showed relatively less RGDG than MGDG. The results suggest that the CsmC, CsmD, CsmH, and other chlorosome proteins are involved in organizing MGDG and RGDG and thereby affect the size and shape of the chlorosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Tsukatani
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Mizoguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Jennifer Thweatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Marcus Tank
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Montana, 59717, USA
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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45
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Watanabe H, Mizoguchi T, Tamiaki H. Stereoselective Self-Aggregation of 3 1 -Epimerically Pure Amino Analogs of Zinc Bacteriochlorophyll-d in an Aqueous Micelle Solution. Photochem Photobiol 2016; 92:276-285. [PMID: 26757057 DOI: 10.1111/php.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Zinc bacteriochlorophyll-d analogs possessing an amino group instead of the original hydroxy group at the C31 position were prepared by chemical modification of naturally occurring chlorophyll-a. The synthetic 31 -epimers were successfully separated by reverse phase HPLC to give diastereomerically pure samples. The stereochemistry of the chiral C31 -center in the separated amines was determined by NMR analysis of their diastereomeric amides as well as by their asymmetric synthesis from authentic stereoisomers. Both the epimers were monomeric in tetrahydrofuran to give sharp electronic absorption bands, while they self-aggregated to form chlorosomal oligomers with the redshifted bands in an aqueous Triton X-100 micelle solution (pH = 6.9). The resulting oligomers deaggregated by addition of p-toluenesulfonic acid to give monomeric N-protonated ammonium species. The aggregation and deaggregation were dependent on the 31 -stereochemistry, indicating that each epimer produced supramolecularly different self-aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mizoguchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tamiaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
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ISHIDA Y, YONEZAWA T. Photochemical Reaction in Two Dimensional Assemblies of Functional Dyes on Inorganic Nanosheets. KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU 2016. [DOI: 10.1295/koron.2015-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohei ISHIDA
- Division of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Tetsu YONEZAWA
- Division of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
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Yagai S. Supramolecularly Engineered Functional π-Assemblies Based on Complementary Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20140261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Yagai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
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48
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Ishida Y. Manipulation of supramolecular 2D assembly of functional dyes toward artificial light-harvesting systems. PURE APPL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2014-0906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn recent years, excellent research has revealed that light-harvesting systems (LHSs) are composed of beautifully aligned chlorophyll molecules; the regulated alignment of chlorophylls is responsible for the efficient and selective light-harvesting energy transfer processes in purple bacteria. This finding led to the construction of a regularly arranged assembly of functional dyes as a step toward fabricating artificial LHSs. While most approaches toward the construction of dye assemblies have depended on molecular interactions such as covalent, coordination, and hydrogen bonds, my approach involves guest–host interactions using an inorganic nanosheet as the host material. This short review presents the construction of a 2D dye assembly and its effective utilization in artificial light-harvesting applications. Owing to the highly stable and uniform 2D alignment of functional dyes on inorganic nanosheets, nearly 100 % singlet–singlet energy transfer and efficient light-harvesting were achieved. I believe that the results presented herein will contribute to the construction of efficient photochemical reaction systems in supramolecular host–guest assemblies, which may facilitate the realization of artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Ishida
- 1Division of Material Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8628, Japan
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Jendrny M, Aartsma TJ, Köhler J. Insights into the excitonic states of individual chlorosomes from Chlorobaculum tepidum. Biophys J 2014; 106:1921-7. [PMID: 24806924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Green-sulfur bacteria have evolved a unique light-harvesting apparatus, the chlorosome, by which it is perfectly adapted to thrive photosynthetically under extremely low light conditions. We have used single-particle, optical spectroscopy to study the structure-function relationship of chlorosomes each of which incorporates hundreds of thousands of self-assembled bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) molecules. The electronically excited states of these molecular assemblies are described as Frenkel excitons whose photophysical properties depend crucially on the mutual arrangement of the pigments. The signature of these Frenkel excitons and its relation to the supramolecular organization of the chlorosome becomes accessible by optical spectroscopy. Because subtle spectral features get obscured by ensemble averaging, we have studied individual chlorosomes from wild-type Chlorobaculum tepidum by polarization-resolved fluorescence-excitation spectroscopy. This approach minimizes the inherent sample heterogeneity and allows us to reveal properties of the exciton states without ensemble averaging. The results are compared with predictions from computer simulations of various models of the supramolecular organization of the BChl monomers. We find that the photophysical properties of individual chlorosomes from wild-type Chlorobaculum tepidum are consistent with a (multiwall) helical arrangement of syn-anti stacked BChl molecules in cylinders and/or spirals of different size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jendrny
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research (BIMF), Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Thijs J Aartsma
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jürgen Köhler
- Experimental Physics IV and Bayreuth Institute of Macromolecular Research (BIMF), Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth, Germany.
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