1
|
Machado-Silva W, Alfinito-Kreis R, Carvalho LSF, Quinaglia-E-Silva JC, Almeida OLR, Brito CJ, Ferreira AP, Córdova C, Sposito AC, Nóbrega OT. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase genotypes modulate peripheral vasodilatory properties after myocardial infarction. Gene 2015; 568:165-9. [PMID: 26002446 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in population genetics suggest an important relationship between the eNOS G894T polymorphism and occurrence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with little known on its influence on the post-AMI period. AIM To investigate the association of allelic variants produced by the G894T transversion in eNOS (rs1799983) with post-AMI variables. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses of anthropometric, clinical and laboratory assessments obtained within the first 24h and after 5 and 30 days of the AMI event across T carriers and G homozygotes of eNOS in 371 consecutive cases of AMI with ST-segment elevation admitted to a Brazilian emergency service in cardiology. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by enzymatic restriction. RESULTS Despite no difference between genotypic groups on aspects as Killip-Kimbal classification scores, extension of infarcted mass, lipid profile or pattern of medication use, an increase in serum nitric oxide from admission to day 5 was higher for T carriers (p<0.001). Thirty days post-AMI, peripheral blood flow reserve was larger among T carriers either by flow- (p=0.037) and nitrate-mediated (p=0.040) dilation testing. CONCLUSION Our results suggest an association of the eNOS 894T allele with an apparent improvement in late arterial function in post-AMI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ciro J Brito
- Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB-DF), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil.
| | | | - Cláudio Córdova
- Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB-DF), Taguatinga, DF, Brazil.
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Loizzo A, Spampinato SM, Fortuna A, Vella S, Fabi F, Del Basso P, Campana G, Loizzo S. Antisense versus proopiomelanocortin mRNA reduces vascular risk in a murine model of type-2 diabetes following stress exposure in early post-natal life. Peptides 2015; 64:34-9. [PMID: 25554217 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms of vascular complications in type-2 diabetes patients and animal models are matter of debate. We previously demonstrated that a double-stress model applied to male mice during nursing period produces enduring hyperfunction of endogenous opioid and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-corticosteroid systems, accompanied by type-2 diabetes-like alterations in adult animals. Administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone, or of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide versus proopiomelanocortin mRNA, capable to block the pro-opiomelanocortin-derived peptides β-endorphin and ACTH, selectively prevent these alterations. Here, we investigated alterations produced by our stress model on aorta endothelium-dependent relaxation and contractile responses. Mice, stressed during nursing period, showed in the adulthood hormonal and metabolic type-2 diabetes-like alterations, including hyperglycemia, increased body weight and increased plasma ACTH and corticosterone levels. Ex vivo isolated aorta rings, gathered from stressed mice, were less sensitive to noradrenaline-induced contractions versus controls. This effect was blocked by nitric-oxide synthase-inhibitor l-N(G)-nitroarginine added to bath organ solution. Aorta rings relaxation caused by acetylcholine was enhanced in stressed mice versus controls, but following treatment with the nitric-oxide donor sodium nitroprusside, concentration-relaxation curves in aorta from stressed groups were similar to controls. Therefore, vascular response alterations to physiologic-pharmacologic stimuli were apparently due to nitric-oxide hyperfunction-dependent mechanisms. Aorta functional alterations, and plasma stress hormones enhancement, were prevented in mice stressed and treated with antisense oligodeoxinucleotide, addressed to reduce ACTH- and corticosteroid-mediated hyperfunction. This study demonstrates the key role of ACTH-corticosteroid axis hyperfunction for the triggering of vascular conditions in male adult rodents following postnatal stress in a type-2 diabetes model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Loizzo
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Santi M Spampinato
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Fortuna
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Stefano Vella
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Fulvia Fabi
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Paola Del Basso
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Campana
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Loizzo
- Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, via Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wallin BG. Interindividual differences in muscle sympathetic nerve activity: a key to new insight into cardiovascular regulation? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2007; 190:265-75. [PMID: 17635347 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2007.01730.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The paper reviews findings in humans regarding interindividual differences in sympathetic nerve activity. Data come predominantly from microneurographic multi- or single fibre recordings of sympathetic nerve activity in healthy subjects. Findings relate to interindividual differences in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during resting conditions and in response to surprising sensory stimuli. At rest there are marked interindividual differences in the number of multiunit MSNA bursts. At the single fibre level the differences are because of more vasoconstrictor fibres being active in subjects with high than in subjects with low number of bursts. There are inverse relationships between (i) sympathetic burst incidence and cardiac output (CO) and (ii) between sympathetic burst incidence and vascular responsiveness to noradrenaline. Both findings contribute to explaining the absence of correlation between resting levels of MSNA and blood pressure. Surprising visual, somatosensory or auditory stimuli of sufficient strength cause a short lasting inhibition of MSNA in approx. 50-60% of healthy subjects. In subjects who display significant inhibition, the stimulus-induced blood pressure increase is smaller than in subjects without inhibition. The underlying mechanism may be related to fear of blood/injury. It is concluded that analysis of interindividual differences in sympathetic activity improves the understanding of central nervous control of the circulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Gunnar Wallin
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fabi F, Di Maio G, Musumeci F, del Basso P. Endothelium-dependent noradrenergic hyperresponsiveness induced by thapsigargin in human saphenous veins: role of thromboxane and calcium. Eur J Pharmacol 2004; 484:277-85. [PMID: 14744614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2003.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To further investigate the mechanisms which regulate sympathetic vascular tone, we studied the effects of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, thapsigargin, on the vasoconstriction induced by transmural nerve stimulation and noradrenaline in superfused human saphenous vein rings. The contractions induced by both transmural nerve stimulation and noradrenaline were potentiated by thapsigargin in endothelium-intact, but not in endothelium-denuded vessels. This potentiation was unaffected by the non-selective endothelin ET(A/B) receptor antagonist, Ro 47-0203 (4-tert-Butyyl-N-[6-(2-hydroxy-ethoxy)-5-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)-2,2'-bipyrimidin-4yl]benzene sulfonamide), or by the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, L-NNA (N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine), but was inhibited by the thromboxane A(2) receptor antagonist, Bay u3405 (3(R)-[[(4-flurophenyl) sulphonyl]amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-carbazole-9-propanoic acid]) or by the thromboxane A(2) synthase inhibitor, UK 38485 (3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl-methyl)-2-methyl-1H-indole-1-propanoic acid). Moreover, the thapsigargin-induced noradrenergic hyperresponsiveness, as well as that produced by subthreshold concentrations of the thromboxane A(2) mimetic, U 46619, were blocked by the Ca(2+) channel antagonist, verapamil. In conclusion, our results indicate that thapsigargin enhances the contractions produced by sympathetic nerve stimulation in human saphenous vein rings through the endothelial release of thromboxane A(2) that potentiates the vasoconstriction induced by the noradrenergic mediator with a verapamil-sensitive mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fulvia Fabi
- Department of Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Minhas S, Eardley I, Joyce AD, Morrison JB. The effect of cyclic GMP on rabbit corporal smooth muscle tone and its modulation by cyclo-oxygenase products. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2000; 62:153-60. [PMID: 10841037 DOI: 10.1054/plef.2000.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Corporal smooth muscle (CSM) tone is maintained by a finite balance between relaxant and contractile neurotransmitters. The aim of these experiments was to ascertain the degree to which cyclic GMP is involved in these interactions. We also sought to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of action of MB in rabbit corpus cavernosum (RCC), an important tool in nitric oxide research. Using an organ chamber technique, strips of RCC were treated with the guanylate cyclase inhibitors Methylene Blue (MB) and LY83583; 100 microM MB led to increases in resting tension which were antagonized by indomethacin, nifedipine, phentolamine, but not superoxide dismutase (SOD). Contractile responses to noradrenaline (NA) were increased and relaxation to ACh was impaired by both MB and LY83583 and reversed with indomethacin, but not SOD. Pyrogallol had no effect on agonist-induced responses. The pharmacological action of MB in RCC does not depend on the generation of superoxide anions. Endothelium-dependent relaxation in RCC results in activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and release of a stable endothelium derived contracting factor(s), which is likely to be a constrictor prostanoid(s). Tonic production of cGMP in RCC inhibits the presynaptic release and contractile effects of NA and can be modulated by cyclo-oxygenase inhibition, demonstrating the important interaction and functional antagonism between cGMP and prostaglandins in the control of CSM tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Minhas
- Department of Urology, The University of Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang XP, Chiba S. Endothelium-released adenosine triphosphate contributes to vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial nerve stimulation in isolated, perfused canine splenic arteries. Heart Vessels 1999; 13:256-61. [PMID: 10483776 DOI: 10.1007/bf03257249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
P2X-Purinoceptors and alpha1-adrenoceptors have previously been shown to be involved in double-peaked vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial electrical nerve stimulation in the isolated and perfused canine splenic artery. The present study was designed to investigate the influence of endothelium removal on vasoconstrictor responses to periarterial nerve stimulation, tyramine, noradrenaline, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the isolated canine splenic artery. Intraluminal administration of saponin completely abolished the acetylcholine-induced vasodilatation and potentiated the vasoconstrictor response to KCl. Double-peaked vasoconstriction (two phases of vasoconstriction) was readily induced by periarterial electrical nerve stimulation in the canine splenic arterial preparation with or without endothelium and was consistently abolished by treatment with tetrodotoxin. Removal of endothelium slightly but significantly decreased the first-phase vasoconstrictor responses to stimulation of 1 or 10 Hz, and did not affect the second-phase. The vasoconstrictor responses to tyramine, noradrenaline, and ATP were not modified by endothelium removal. From these results, it is postulated that ATP released from endothelium, as a modulator of sympathetic nerve cotransmission, may partially contribute to the purinergic constriction component in the canine splenic artery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X P Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Anbar M. Clinical thermal imaging today. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE : THE QUARTERLY MAGAZINE OF THE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY SOCIETY 1998; 17:25-33. [PMID: 9672807 DOI: 10.1109/51.687960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Anbar
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, SUNY, Buffalo, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fabi F, Argiolas L, Ruvolo G, del Basso P. Neuropeptide Y-induced potentiation of noradrenergic vasoconstriction in the human saphenous vein: involvement of endothelium generated thromboxane. Br J Pharmacol 1998; 124:101-10. [PMID: 9630349 PMCID: PMC1565367 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
1. We investigated the potentiating effect of low concentrations of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on the vasoconstriction induced by transmural nerve stimulation (TNS) and noradrenaline (NA) in human saphenous veins. The effects of (i) endothelium removal; (ii) the addition of the NO pathway precursor L-arginine; (iii) the ET(A)/ET(B) endothelin receptor antagonist Ro 47-0203; (iv) the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin; (v) the selective thromboxane A2 (TxA2) receptor antagonists Bay u3405 and ifetroban, and (vi) the TxA2 synthase inhibitor, UK 38485, were studied in order to gain information about the mechanisms of NPY-induced potentiation. 2. Contractile response curves for TNS (0.5-8 Hz) and for exogenously administered NA (0.1-3 microM) were obtained in superfused saphenous vein rings. The contractions induced by both TNS and NA at all tested frequencies and concentrations, respectively, were significantly potentiated by 50 nM NPY in endothelium intact veins. Conversely, in endothelium-denuded vessel rings the contractile-response curves to TNS and NA overlapped both in the absence and presence of NPY, thus suggesting that a release of vasoactive substances from endothelial cells could account for the noradrenergic NPY-induced potentiation. 3. In vessels with intact endothelium, the potentiating action of NPY on TNS and NA was unaffected by the presence of high concentrations of the NO precursor L-arginine (3-10 mM) or the non-selective ET(A)/ET(B) endothelin receptor antagonist, Ro 47-0203 (10 microM). These data indicate that the NPY-induced effect does not involve either the endothelium-derived vasodilator nitric oxide or the vasoconstrictor endothelin. Conversely, in the presence of the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (30 microM), NPY failed to potentiate the vasoconstrictions produced by either nerve stimulation or by exogenous NA, thus providing evidence that arachidonic acid metabolites through the cyclo-oxygenase pathway are mainly responsible for the potentiation evoked by NPY. 4. When the TxA2 receptor antagonists, Bay u 3405 (1 microM) and ifetroban (1 microM) were added to the superfusing medium, NPY did not alter either the frequency- or the concentration-response curves for either TNS or NA. Accordingly, both TNS- and NA-induced contractions were not potentiated by NPY in the presence of the TxA2 synthase inhibitor, UK 38485 (10 microM). This clearly demonstrates the pivotal role of TxA2 in NPY-induced potentiation. 5. In superfused vein rings with endothelium, a subthreshold concentration (0.2 nM) of the TxA2 mimetic U 46619 potentiated both TNS- and NA-induced vasoconstrictions. This potentiation was higher at low stimulation frequencies and low NA concentrations, and resembled that produced by NPY. 6. Our results indicate that in the human saphenous vein NPY potentiates the contractions produced by sympathetic nerve stimulation acting at the postjunctional level, primarily on endothelial cells. In particular, the NPY-induced release of a cyclo-oxygenase metabolite, namely TxA2, may have a synergistic effect on the vasoconstriction induced by the noradrenergic mediator. Thus, such a mechanism may play a key role in the maintenance of the sympathetic tone of large human capacitance vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Fabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Skarphedinsson JO, Elam M, Jungersten L, Wallin BG. Sympathetic nerve traffic correlates with the release of nitric oxide in humans: implications for blood pressure control. J Physiol 1997; 501 ( Pt 3):671-5. [PMID: 9218226 PMCID: PMC1159467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.671bm.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Resting human sympathetic vasoconstrictor traffic displays large reproducible inter-individual differences which are similar in nerves to muscle, heart and kidney. In spite of this there is no correlation between levels of blood pressure and sympathetic traffic. To test the hypothesis that the pressor effect of the vasoconstrictor activity is counteracted by a circulating dilating factor we measured muscle nerve sympathetic activity (MSA) and an indicator of nitric oxide release (plasma nitrate) in healthy young males. 2. Sympathetic activity was recorded with the microneurographic technique in the peroneal nerve and a forearm venous plasma sample was obtained in twenty-one normotensive males aged 21-28 years. Plasma nitrate was analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 3. There was a positive linear correlation between the plasma nitrate concentration and the strength of MSA both when the nerve activity was expressed as bursts per minute and bursts per 100 heart beats (r = 0.51, P = 0.02 and r = 0.46, P = 0.04, respectively). 4. The data suggest that the stronger the sympathetic activity the higher the release of the dilating substance, nitric oxide. This would be expected to counteract vasoconstrictor effects of the nerve traffic and thereby contribute to the lack of relationship between resting levels of MSA and blood pressure. We speculate that altered coupling between sympathetic traffic and nitric oxide release may cause abnormal peripheral resistance, e.g. in hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J O Skarphedinsson
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|