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Rinaldi M, Barrera G, Spinsanti P, Pizzimenti S, Ciafrè SA, Parella P, Farace MG, Signori E, Dianzani MU, Fazio VM. Growth inhibition and differentiation induction in murine erythroleukemia cells by 4-hydroxynonenal. Free Radic Res 2001; 34:629-37. [PMID: 11697038 DOI: 10.1080/10715760100300521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxynonenal (HNE) is one of the major end products of lipid peroxidation. Here we show that the exposure of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells to 1 microM HNE, for 10.5 h over 2 days, induces a differentiation comparable with that observed in cells exposed to DMSO for the whole experiment (7 days). The exposure of MEL cells for the same length of time demonstrates a higher degree of differentiation in HNE-treated than in DMSO-treated MEL cells. The protooncogene c-myc is down-modulated early, in HNE-induced MEL cells as well as in DMSO-treated cells. However, ornithine decarboxylase gene expression first increases and then decreases, during the lowering of the proliferation rate. These findings indicate that HNE, at a concentration physiologically found in many normal tissues and in the plasma, induces MEL cell differentiation by modulation of specific gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine & Biotechnology, University Campus Bio-Medico, School of Medicine, Roma, Italy
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2
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Schäfer M, Frischkopf K, Taimor G, Piper HM, Schlüter KD. Hypertrophic effect of selective beta(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation on ventricular cardiomyocytes from adult rat. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2000; 279:C495-503. [PMID: 10913016 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.2000.279.2.c495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether selective beta(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation causes hypertrophic growth on isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes from adult rat. As parameters for the induction of hypertrophic growth, the increases of [(14)C]phenylalanine incorporation, protein and RNA mass, and cell size were determined. Isoproterenol (Iso, 10 microM) alone had no growth effect. In the presence of the beta(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI-118551 (ICI, 10 microM), Iso caused an increase in [(14)C]phenylalanine incorporation, protein and RNA mass, cell volume, and cross-sectional area. We showed for phenylalanine incorporation that the growth effect of Iso+ICI could be antagonized by beta(1)-adrenoceptor blockade with atenolol (10 microM) or metoprolol (10 microM), indicating that it was caused by selective beta(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation. The growth response to Iso+ICI was accompanied by an increase in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and expression. Inhibition of ODC by the ODC antagonist difluoromethylornithine (1 mM) attenuated this hypertrophic response, indicating that ODC induction is causally involved. The growth response to Iso+ICI was found to be cAMP independent but was sensitive to genistein (100 microM) or rapamycin (0.1 microM). The reaction was enhanced in the presence of pertussis toxin (10 microM). We conclude that selective beta(1)-adrenoceptor stimulation causes hypertrophic growth of ventricular cardiomyocytes by a mechanism that is independent of cAMP but dependent on a tyrosine kinase and ODC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schäfer
- Physiologisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
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3
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Delcros JG, Schwartz B, Clément S, Basu HS, Marton LJ, Feuerstein BG. Spermine induces haemoglobin synthesis in murine erythroleukaemia cells. Biochem J 1995; 309 ( Pt 3):781-6. [PMID: 7639693 PMCID: PMC1135700 DOI: 10.1042/bj3090781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring polyamine spermine induces haemoglobin synthesis in murine erythroleukaemia (MEL) cells. Haemoglobin production was accompanied by accumulation of cytoplasmic beta-globin mRNA and growth inhibition, but not by cell-cycle block or changes in cell volume. Hexamethylene-bisacetamide (HMBA), a well known differentiating agent, also induces haemoglobin production, but causes a G1 block and decreases cell volume. These findings indicate that HMBA and spermine affect MEL cells differently, even though both induce haemoglobin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Delcros
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA
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4
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Yet SF, Kong CT, Peng H, Lever JE. Regulation of Na+/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) mRNA in LLC-PK1 cells. J Cell Physiol 1994; 158:506-12. [PMID: 7510295 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041580315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The porcine kidney epithelial cell line LLC-PK1 expresses a sodium-coupled glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) together with other differentiation markers of renal proximal tubule such as trehalase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. Expression is regulated by cell density and exogenous differentiation inducers such as hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA). Northern blot and PCR analysis of clonal cell populations indicated SGLT1 mRNA was not detectable in subconfluent cultures, but 2.2 and 3.9 kb SGLT1 mRNA species appeared after cell confluence, accompanying expression of the transport activity. SGLT1 mRNA levels were significantly increased after treatment of confluent cultures with HMBA, paralleling increases in the transport activity and immunodetectable 75 kD cotransporter subunit. SGLT1 mRNA was also increased after treatment of cultures with the cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), an inducer of Na+/glucose cotransport activity. The 3.9 kb SGLT1 transcript showed the largest increase after either HMBA or IBMX treatment. HMBA treatment also resulted in increased mRNA levels of two other differentiation markers--trehalase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase. By contrast, trehalase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase mRNA levels were not increased by IBMX. Regulation of Na+/glucose symporter expression by either cell density, cyclic AMP elevation, or differentiation inducer treatment occurs, at least in part, at the level of SGLT1 mRNA and can be dissociated from regulation of other differentiation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Yet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77225
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Abstract
Addition of polyamines or their analogs to newly confluent LLC-PK1 cells resulted in down-regulation of Na(+)-dependent glucose transport (symport) activity. Polyamines prevented the induction of this symporter by the differentiation inducer hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) but did not influence induction by the phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). Partial depletion of endogenous polyamines after addition of alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) resulted in a 4 to 5-fold increase in symporter expression. Symporter induction by either HMBA or DFMO was inhibited by the protein kinase inhibitor H-7 but H-7 did not affect symporter induction by IBMX. Changes in symporter activity were accompanied by changes in levels of the 75 kD symporter subunit detected by Western blot. Cultures exposed to HMBA exhibited reduced levels of ornithine decarboxylase activity. Our results suggest that induction of symporter expression by HMBA may be mediated in part by its effects on polyamine metabolism, and point to parallel roles of polyamines and cyclic AMP in regulating the expression of this physiologically important renal transport system.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77225
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Parekh D, Saydjari R, Ishizuka J, Townsend CM, Thompson JC. Sodium butyrate stimulates polyamine biosynthesis in colon cancer cells. Surg Oncol 1992; 1:315-22. [PMID: 1341266 DOI: 10.1016/0960-7404(92)90093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Differentiation inducers act through polyamine-dependent and independent pathways. Sodium butyrate (NaB) inhibits proliferation and induces terminal differentiation in human and murine cancer cell lines. An effect of this agent on polyamine biosynthesis has not been demonstrated previously. In the present study, we examined the effects of NaB on polyamine biosynthesis in mouse colon cancer (MC-26) cells. All studies were performed on exponentially growing cells, and ODC and polyamine transport measurements were performed as described previously. NaB inhibited the growth of MC-26 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cell shape was significantly altered by treatment with NaB (development of dendritic-like processes and flattening and spreading out of cells on culture dishes). NaB stimulated ODC activity in a dose-dependent manner. The activity was elevated by 8 h after treatment, and at 48 h there was a ten-fold increase in activity (compared with control activity). The increase in ODC activity led to an increase in polyamine biosynthesis; putrescine, spermidine, and spermine levels in MC-26 cells were significantly elevated by 24 h after treatment with NaB. Polyamine uptake was similar in control cells and cells treated with NaB alone. Our finding of significant stimulation of polyamine uptake by NaB after inhibition of endogenous synthesis (by an ODC-dependent pathway) in DFMO-treated cells suggests that cellular requirements are increased for polyamines in NaB-treated cells. We conclude that polyamine-dependent processes are important in the mechanism of action of NaB in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Parekh
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0527
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Schuman LD, Baxter CS, Petro TM. Effect of the ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor alpha, alpha-difluoromethylornithine on phorbol diester-induced inhibition of murine B lymphocyte differentiation. Cancer Lett 1989; 47:11-9. [PMID: 2517589 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(89)90171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The tumor-promoting agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibits the differentiation of murine B lymphocytes to antibody-producing plasma cells, in unfractionated spleen cell cultures or enriched B lymphocyte cultures. To determine the role of polyamines in TPA-induced inhibition, unfractionated splenic lymphocytes, in culture with antigen, were incubated with alpha, alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO, 0.10 mM), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). DFMO prevented the TPA-induced inhibition of antibody forming cell number in a 5-day in vitro immunization procedure as measured by a hemolytic plaque assay. In enriched B lymphocyte cultures, however, DFMO had no comparable effect. DFMO did not prevent TPA-induced inhibition of antibody production in unfractionated spleen cell cultures but itself inhibited the amount of antibody produced. Putrescine (0.1 mM), added on day 4 of immunization, reversed DFMO inhibition of antibody production but did not enable DFMO to prevent the TPA-induced inhibition. These findings suggest that TPA-induced inhibition of plasma cell number can be mediated indirectly through effects on T lymphocytes and/or macrophages or directly through effect on B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Schuman
- University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Institute of Environmental Health, Ohio 45267-0056
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Wu JS, Lever JE. Developmentally regulated 75-kilodalton protein expressed in LLC-PK1 cultures is a component of the renal Na+/glucose cotransport system. J Cell Biochem 1989; 40:83-9. [PMID: 2663890 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.240400109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Na+/D-glucose symport is a secondary active glucose transport mechanism expressed only in kidney proximal tubule and in small intestine. A monoclonal antibody that recognized the Na+/glucose symporter of pig renal brush border membranes also recognized a 75-kD protein in apical membranes isolated from highly differentiated LLC-PK1 cultures, an epithelial cell line of pig renal proximal tubule origin. The 75-kD antigen was enriched from solubilized LLC-PK1 apical membranes by means of high-pressure liquid chromatography. The symporter antigen became apparent on the apical membrane surface after the development of a confluent monolayer in correlation with the expression of transport activity. Long-term treatment of cultures with the differentiation inducer hexamethylene bisacetamide was accompanied by a dramatically increased expression of the symporter antigen as detected quantitatively by Western blot analysis and qualitatively by immunofluorescence staining. The number of symporter-positive cells was dramatically increased after inducer treatment as predicted for differentiation-regulated expression. These results identify a 75-kD protein as a component of a developmentally regulated renal Na+/glucose symporter expressed in cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston 77225
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Osborne HB, Mulner-Lorillon O, Marot J, Belle R. Polyamine levels during Xenopus laevis oogenesis: a role in oocyte competence to meiotic resumption. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 158:520-6. [PMID: 2917000 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(89)80080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The results presented here show that a decrease in the concentration of total polyamines, due to a decrease in putrescine and spermine, occurs during oogenesis in Xenopus laevis. The microinjection of spermine or spermidine decreases the hormonal responsiveness (maturation) of the fully-grown oocytes. This effect is synergistic with that already described for the microinjection of casein kinase II (Mulner-Lorillon, O. et al. (1987) Eur. J. Biochem. 171, 107-117), a polyamine dependent enzyme. Therefore a decrease in polyamine concentration, via its effect on endogeneous casein kinase II, could constitute one of the molecular changes required for the acquisition of competence to mature.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Osborne
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique du Développement, CNRS URA 95, Université de Rennes I, France
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Papazafiri P, Osborne HB. Regulation of ornithine decarboxylase in murine erythroleukemic cells by N,N'-diacetyl-1,6-hexanediamine and N-acetyl-1,6-hexanediamine. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1989; 178:789-93. [PMID: 2912734 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1989.tb14510.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The levels at which the ornithine decarboxylase gene is regulated in murine erythroleukemic cells treated with N,N'-hexamethylene bisacetamide (N,N' diacetyl-1,6-hexanediamine) and with N-acetyl-1,6-hexanediamine, the monoacetylated catabolite of this inducer of erythrodifferentiation, have been investigated. Although these two molecules are structurally related and both cause a decrease in ornithine decarboxylase activity, they did not similarly affect ornithine decarboxylase mRNA. In the presence of 4 mM N,N'-hexamethylenebisacetamide, at the concentration generally used to induce differentiation in these cells, a decreased steady-state level of ornithine decarboxylase mRNA, due to decreased gene transcription, was observed. In the presence of N-acetyl-1,6-hexanediamine the decrease in enzyme activity was shown to be associated with a decrease in the half-life of the enzyme in the absence of a change in gene transcription. These results show that in proliferating cultured cells changes in ornithine-decarboxylase-gene transcription can be uncoupled from changes in cell growth and that N-acetyl-1,6-hexanediamine only regulates ornithine decarboxylase expression post-transcriptionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Papazafiri
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique du Developpement, Unité associé 256, Université de Rennes, France
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Meilhoc E, Moutin MJ, Osborne HB. Modulation of murine erythroleukemic cell differentiation by inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis. J Cell Physiol 1987; 131:465-71. [PMID: 3110176 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041310320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The differentiation of murine erythroleukemic cells induced by hexamethylene bisacetamide is shown to be differently affected by two inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis. Methyl glyoxal bis(guanyl hydrazone) (inhibitor or S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase) inhibited this differentiation process. By using a novel experiment protocol the inhibitory effect of this drug on the induced differentiation was dissociated from pleiotropic effects on cell growth. Methyl glyoxal bis(guanyl hydrazone) only inhibited the induced differentiation if present during the first 6 h of culture of the cells with the inducer. No effect on the induced differentiation was observed if the drug was added to the culture medium 6 h after the inducer. alpha-Difluoro methylornithine (inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase) stimulated the differentiation of these cells. Polyamine analysis demonstrated that alpha-difluoro methylornithine increased the rapidity and the amplitude of the changes in intracellular polyamines associated with this induced differentiation. The presence of methyl glyoxal bis(guanyl hydrazone) during the first 3 h with the inducer was sufficient to produce opposing changes in the intracellular polyamines. These results suggest that changes in either intracellular polyamines or the activities of polyamine biosynthetic enzymes play a regulatory role in the differentiation process induced in murine erythroleukemic cells by hexamethylene bisacetamide.
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Papazafiri P, Osborne HB. Effect of alpha-difluoromethylornithine on DNA methylation in murine erythroleukaemic cells. Relationship to stimulation of induced differentiation. Biochem J 1987; 242:479-83. [PMID: 3109392 PMCID: PMC1147730 DOI: 10.1042/bj2420479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Murine erythroleukaemic (MEL) cells cultured with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) accumulated decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine(decarboxylated AdoMet). In the absence of the inducer hexamethylenebisacetamide (HMBA), this accumulation of decarboxylated AdoMet was associated with a concomitant and proportional increase in DNA hypomethylation. In the presence of HMBA, DFMO, which stimulates the erythrodifferentiation of MEL cells, enhanced the differentiation-associated DNA hypomethylation. However, this differentiation-associated DNA hypomethylation was neither temporally nor quantitatively correlated with the accumulation of decarboxylated AdoMet in these cells. Therefore DFMO probably stimulates the HMBA-induced differentiation of MEL cells and the associated DNA hypomethylation via the effect of this drug on polyamine biosynthesis.
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Meilhoc E, Moutin MJ, Osborne HB. Catabolites produced by the deacetylation of hexamethylenebisacetamide play a key role in murine erythroleukaemic-cell differentiation. Biochem J 1986; 238:701-7. [PMID: 3467723 PMCID: PMC1147194 DOI: 10.1042/bj2380701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyl-1,6-diaminohexane and 1,6-diaminohexane, formed by deacetylation of the inducer hexamethylenebisacetamide (HMBA), are shown to accumulate rapidly inside murine erythroleukaemic cells. The appearance of these molecules preceded the differentiation-associated changes in intracellular polyamines. A quantitative relationship was observed between the accumulation of these molecules and the changes in intracellular polyamines. In the absence of HMBA, exogenous N-acetyl-1,6-diaminohexane was able not only to cause changes in polyamine biosynthesis, but also to induce the complete differentiation process. These results imply that these catabolites of HMBA are directly responsible for the changes in polyamine biosynthesis and probably also for initiating other events regulatory for the differentiation of these cells.
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