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Datki Z, Darula Z, Vedelek V, Hunyadi-Gulyas E, Dingmann BJ, Vedelek B, Kalman J, Urban P, Gyenesei A, Galik-Olah Z, Galik B, Sinka R. Biofilm formation initiating rotifer-specific biopolymer and its predicted components. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127157. [PMID: 37778576 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The rotifer-specific biopolymer, namely Rotimer, is a recently discovered group of the biomolecule family. Rotimer has an active role in the biofilm formation initiated by rotifers (e.g., Euchlanis dilatata or Adineta vaga) or in the female-male sexual interaction of monogononts. To understand the Ca2+- and polarity-dependent formation of this multifunctional viscoelastic material, it is essential to explore its molecular composition. The investigation of the rotifer-enhanced biofilm and Rotimer-inductor conglomerate (RIC) formation yielded several protein candidates to predict the Rotimer-specific main components. The exudate of E. dilatata males was primarily applied from different biopolimer-containing samples (biofilm or RIC). The advantage of males over females lies in their degenerated digestive system and simple anatomy. Thus, their exudate is less contaminated with food and endosymbiont elements. The sequenced and annotated genome and transcriptome of this species opened the way for identifying Rotimer proteins by mass spectrometry. The predicted rotifer-biopolymer forming components are SCO-spondins and 14-3-3 protein. The characteristics of Rotimer are similar to Reissner's fiber, which is found in the central nervous system of vertebrates and is mainly formed from SCO-spondins. This molecular information serves as a starting point for its interdisciplinary investigation and application in biotechnology, biomedicine, or neurodegeneration-related drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Datki
- Micro-In Vivo Biomolecule Research Laboratory, Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation of the University of Szeged. Dugonics ter 13. H-6720, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Zsuzsanna Darula
- Single Cell Omics Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Szeged, Hungary; Proteomics Research Group, Core Facilities, Biological Research Centre, ELKH, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Viktor Vedelek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Eva Hunyadi-Gulyas
- Proteomics Research Group, Core Facilities, Biological Research Centre, ELKH, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Brian J Dingmann
- Department of Math Science and Technology, University of Minnesota Crookston, 2900 University Avenue, Crookston, MN 56716, United States of America
| | - Balazs Vedelek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
| | - Janos Kalman
- Department of Psychiatry, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Koranyi Fasor 8-10, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Urban
- Szentagothai Research Center, Genomic and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Attila Gyenesei
- Szentagothai Research Center, Genomic and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zita Galik-Olah
- Micro-In Vivo Biomolecule Research Laboratory, Competence Centre of the Life Sciences Cluster of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation of the University of Szeged. Dugonics ter 13. H-6720, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Galik
- Szentagothai Research Center, Genomic and Bioinformatic Core Facility, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Rita Sinka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Kozep fasor 52, H-6726, Hungary
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Vera JC, Rivas CI, Maccioni RB. Antibodies to synthetic peptides from the tubulin regulatory domain interact with tubulin and microtubules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1988; 85:6763-7. [PMID: 2901104 PMCID: PMC282058 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.18.6763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The carboxyl-terminal region of tubulin alpha and beta subunits plays a major role in regulating its assembly into microtubules and constitutes an essential domain for the selective interaction of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). With the goal of understanding the structural basis of the regulatory function of the carboxyl-terminal domains of tubulin subunits, we have produced rabbit antisera against two MAP-interacting peptides Lys-Asp-Tyr-Glu-Glu-Val-Gly-Val-Asp-Ser-Val-Glu of alpha-tubulin and Tyr-Gln-Gln-Tyr-Gln-Asp-Ala-Thr-Ala-Asp-Glu-Gln-Gly of beta subunit. The affinity-purified alpha and beta anti-peptide antibodies interacted specifically with tubulin and with the respective peptide antigens but did not interact with MAPs. Substoichiometric amounts of both antibodies showed the capacity to inhibit in vitro MAP-induced tubulin assembly and to promote a fast depolymerization of preassembled microtubules. Taxol-promoted assembly of pure tubulin was not inhibited by the antibodies. In the presence of MAP-2 and taxol, the antibodies decreased the MAP-2 content of taxol-promoted microtubules. The interaction with microtubules was corroborated by immunofluorescence experiments in HeLa and NE-18 lung carcinoma cells. The epitopes recognized by the alpha and beta anti-peptide antibodies appear to be located in the outer surface of the microtubular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Vera
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Genetics, University of Colorado Medical School, Denver 80262
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Rivas CI, Vera JC, Maccioni RB. Anti-idiotypic antibodies that react with microtubule-associated proteins are present in the sera of rabbits immunized with synthetic peptides from tubulin's regulatory domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1988; 85:6092-6. [PMID: 3413077 PMCID: PMC281911 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.16.6092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A fundamental question in microtubule research is how the interactions of tubulin subunits with microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) are controlled. The answer should provide insight into the regulation of the cellular processes in which microtubules are implicated. Previous work demonstrated the interaction of MAPs with a 4-kDa C-terminal domain of tubulin alpha and beta subunits. Synthetic peptides from the variable region of the 4-kDa C-terminal moiety of tubulin subunits, alpha-(430-441) and beta-(422-434), bind to MAP-2 and to the MAP tau, and a preferential interaction of the beta peptide is observed. To define the regulatory significance of the substructure of the C-terminal tubulin domain, we produced rabbit antisera against these MAP-interacting peptides. We found that these antisera contained not only antibodies to the original synthetic peptides but also antibodies to MAPs. Here, we report that these antibodies, which react with MAP-1, MAP-2, and tau, appear to be a population of anti-idiotypic antibodies directed to the anti-peptide antibodies. They can inhibit MAP-induced tubulin assembly into microtubules in vitro, and the addition of MAPs overcomes the inhibition. The recognition by these anti-idiotypic antibodies of the tubulin-binding domain on MAPs provides unequivocal evidence that the tubulin region defined by the synthetic peptides is directly involved in the interaction with MAPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C I Rivas
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262
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Spooner BS, Holladay CR. Distribution of tubulin and actin in neurites and growth cones of differentiating nerve cells. CELL MOTILITY 1981; 1:167-78. [PMID: 6756641 DOI: 10.1002/cm.970010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic chick nerve cells, from dissociated dorsal root ganglia, were cultured on polylysine substrata and examined for tubulin and actin distribution by indirect immunofluorescence. Antibodies generated against chick brain tubulin produced specific fluorescence in growth cones, neurites, and cell bodies without revealing distribution differences or substructure in the nerve cells. However, at reduced antitubulin concentrations, differences were resolved. Tubulin fluorescence remained uniform and intense in neurites and cell bodies, but exhibited reduced intensity and patterning in growth cones. Nonneuronal cells in the cultures served as controls for typical cytoplasmic tubulin fluorescence distribution. Straining controls demonstrated that fluorescence resulted from tubulin-antitubulin binding. Analogous studies, using antibodies generated against chick brain actin, demonstrated distribution differences at reduced antiactin concentrations, including "hot spots" of intense fluorescence in growth cones and a paucity of fluorescence in neurites.
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Morgan JL, Holladay CR, Spooner BS. Immunological differences between actins from cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1980; 77:2069-73. [PMID: 6154943 PMCID: PMC348653 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.77.4.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The antigenic similarities and differences between various actins were explored by use of antisera against purified bovine cardiac actin and chicken embryo brain actin. In double-antibody coprecipitation tests, purified iodinated actins from bovine cardiac muscle, rabbit skeletal muscle, chicken embryo brain, and bovine brain all bound to antiserum against chicken embryo brain actin. This result demonstrates the presence of shared antigenic determinants among these actins. Cardiac actin antiserum, on the other hand, bound cardiac and skeletal actin, but failed to bind significantly either brain actin. In radioimmunoassay, all four unlabeled actins were capable of some degree of inhibition of binding of (125)I-labeled chicken embryo brain actin to homologous antiserum. The results confirm the existence of shared or similar antigenic determinants, but also show that the molecules are not antigenically identical. In the cardiac actin radioimmunoassay, unlabeled cardiac and skeletal muscle actins inhibited the binding of (125)I-labeled cardiac actin to homologous antiserum, but neither brain actin inhibited the binding. Thus, the muscle actins possess at least one antigenic determinant not expressed by the brain actins, in addition to the shared determinants. Furthermore, cardiac actin and skeletal actin generated different inhibition curves in the cardiac actin radioimmunoassay, demonstrating that, although antigenically related, they are not identical. Correlations with existing sequence data imply that substitutions in only a few residues alter the antigenic properties of actin.
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