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Misiura A, Shen H, Tauzin L, Dutta C, Bishop LDC, Carrejo NC, Zepeda O J, Ramezani S, Moringo NA, Marciel AB, Rossky PJ, Landes CF. Single-Molecule Dynamics Reflect IgG Conformational Changes Associated with Ion-Exchange Chromatography. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11200-11207. [PMID: 34346671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conformational changes of antibodies and other biologics can decrease the effectiveness of pharmaceutical separations. Hence, a detailed mechanistic picture of antibody-stationary phase interactions that occur during ion-exchange chromatography (IEX) can provide critical insights. This work examines antibody conformational changes and how they perturb antibody motion and affect ensemble elution profiles. We combine IEX, three-dimensional single-protein tracking, and circular dichroism spectroscopy to investigate conformational changes of a model antibody, immunoglobulin G (IgG), as it interacts with the stationary phase as a function of salt conditions. The results indicate that the absence of salt enhances electrostatic attraction between IgG and the stationary phase, promotes surface-induced unfolding, slows IgG motion, and decreases elution from the column. Our results reveal previously unreported details of antibody structural changes and their influence on macroscale elution profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Misiura
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, 800 E Summit Street, Kent, Ohio 44240, United States
| | - Lawrence Tauzin
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Chayan Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Logan D C Bishop
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Nicole C Carrejo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jorge Zepeda O
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Shahryar Ramezani
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Nicholas A Moringo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Amanda B Marciel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Peter J Rossky
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Christy F Landes
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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3
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Zhao C, Si Y, Zhu S, Bradley K, Taha AY, Pan T, Sun G. Diffusion of Protein Molecules through Microporous Nanofibrous Polyacrylonitrile Membranes. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:1618-1627. [PMID: 34541542 PMCID: PMC8445001 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous nanofibrous membranes have ultrahigh specific surface areas and could be broadly employed in protein purification, enzyme immobilization, and biosensors with enhanced selectivity, sensitivity, and efficiency. However, large biomolecules, such as proteins, have hindered diffusion behavior in the micro-porous media, significantly reducing the benefits provided by the nanofibrous membranes. The study of protein diffusion in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous membranes produced under varied humidity and polymer concentration of electrospinning revealed that heterogeneous structures of the nanofibrous membranes possess much smaller effective pore sizes than the measured pore sizes, which significantly affects the diffusion of large molecules through the system though sizes of proteins and pH conditions also have great impacts. Only when the measured membrane pore size is at least 1000 times higher than the protein size, the diffusion behavior of the protein is predictable in the system. The results provide insights into the design and applications of proper nanofibrous materials for improved applications in protein purification and immobilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunyi Zhao
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yang Si
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Shenghan Zhu
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kevin Bradley
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ameer Y Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tingrui Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Rodriguez EL, Poddar S, Iftekhar S, Suh K, Woolfork AG, Ovbude S, Pekarek A, Walters M, Lott S, Hage DS. Affinity chromatography: A review of trends and developments over the past 50 years. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1157:122332. [PMID: 32871378 PMCID: PMC7584770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The field of affinity chromatography, which employs a biologically-related agent as the stationary phase, has seen significant growth since the modern era of this method began in 1968. This review examines the major developments and trends that have occurred in this technique over the past five decades. The basic principles and history of this area are first discussed. This is followed by an overview of the various supports, immobilization strategies, and types of binding agents that have been used in this field. The general types of applications and fields of use that have appeared for affinity chromatography are also considered. A survey of the literature is used to identify major trends in these topics and important areas of use for affinity chromatography in the separation, analysis, or characterization of chemicals and biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saumen Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Sazia Iftekhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Kyungah Suh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Ashley G Woolfork
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Susan Ovbude
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Allegra Pekarek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Morgan Walters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Shae Lott
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - David S Hage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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5
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Wang L, Marcus RK. Overload Effects in Reversed Phase Protein Separations using Capillary‐Channeled Polymer Fiber Columns. Biotechnol Prog 2018; 34:1221-1233. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry Clemson University 102 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson South Carolina 29634
| | - R. Kenneth Marcus
- Department of Chemistry Clemson University 102 Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson South Carolina 29634
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Wittkopp F, Peeck L, Hafner M, Frech C. Modeling and simulation of protein elution in linear pH and salt gradients on weak, strong and mixed cation exchange resins applying an extended Donnan ion exchange model. J Chromatogr A 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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7
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Dorn M, Eschbach F, Hekmat D, Weuster-Botz D. Influence of different packing methods on the hydrodynamic stability of chromatography columns. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1516:89-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Basconi JE, Carta G, Shirts MR. Effects of protein properties on adsorption and transport in polymer‐grafted ion exchangers: A multiscale modeling study. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E. Basconi
- Dept. of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville VA22904
| | - Giorgio Carta
- Dept. of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville VA22904
| | - Michael R. Shirts
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulder CO80309
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Lin
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272, United States
| | - Emmabeth Parrish
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272, United States
| | - Russell J. Composto
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6272, United States
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10
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Development of immobilized-pepsin microreactors coupled to nano liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for the quantitative analysis of human butyrylcholinesterase. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1461:84-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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11
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Tsai TY, Hsu CC, Chao Wu VWK, Huang SH, Chan C, Wu TC, Wang PH. Selective Desorption of Intercalated Bovine Serum Albumin and Lysozyme by Organically Modified Montmorillonite. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201400503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Basconi JE, Carta G, Shirts MR. Effects of polymer graft properties on protein adsorption and transport in ion exchange chromatography: a multiscale modeling study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4176-4187. [PMID: 25785668 DOI: 10.1021/la504768g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiscale simulation is used to study the adsorption of lysozyme onto ion exchangers obtained by grafting charged polymers into a porous matrix, in systems with various polymer properties and strengths of electrostatic interaction. Molecular dynamics simulations show that protein partitioning into the polymer-filled pore space increases with the overall charge content of the polymers, while the diffusivity in the pore space decreases. However, the combination of greatly increased partitioning and modestly decreased diffusion results in macroscopic transport rates that increase as a function of charge content, as the large concentration driving force due to enhanced pore space partitioning outweighs the reduction in the pore space diffusivity. Matrices having greater charge associated with the grafted polymers also exhibit more diffuse intraparticle concentration profiles during transient adsorption. In systems with a high charge content per polymer and a low protein loading, the polymers preferentially partition toward the surface due to favorable interactions with the surface-bound protein. These results demonstrate the potential of multiscale modeling to illuminate qualitative trends between molecular properties and the adsorption equilibria and kinetic properties observable on macroscopic scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Basconi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Giorgio Carta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Michael R Shirts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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13
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Wang X, Fu Q, Wang X, Si Y, Yu J, Wang X, Ding B. In situ cross-linked and highly carboxylated poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous membranes for efficient adsorption of proteins. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:7281-7290. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ cross-linked and highly carboxylated poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous membranes for lysozyme adsorption were fabricated by a combination of electrospinning and graft polymerization of poly(vinyl alcohol) and maleic anhydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Qiuxia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Xueqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Yang Si
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Nanomaterials Research Center
- Modern Textile Institute
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 200051
- China
| | - Xueli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Bin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Textiles
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
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14
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Improving stability of virus-like particles by ion-exchange chromatographic supports with large pore size: Advantages of gigaporous media beyond enhanced binding capacity. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1331:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Unified superresolution experiments and stochastic theory provide mechanistic insight into protein ion-exchange adsorptive separations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:2075-80. [PMID: 24459184 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1318405111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatographic protein separations, immunoassays, and biosensing all typically involve the adsorption of proteins to surfaces decorated with charged, hydrophobic, or affinity ligands. Despite increasingly widespread use throughout the pharmaceutical industry, mechanistic detail about the interactions of proteins with individual chromatographic adsorbent sites is available only via inference from ensemble measurements such as binding isotherms, calorimetry, and chromatography. In this work, we present the direct superresolution mapping and kinetic characterization of functional sites on ion-exchange ligands based on agarose, a support matrix routinely used in protein chromatography. By quantifying the interactions of single proteins with individual charged ligands, we demonstrate that clusters of charges are necessary to create detectable adsorption sites and that even chemically identical ligands create adsorption sites of varying kinetic properties that depend on steric availability at the interface. Additionally, we relate experimental results to the stochastic theory of chromatography. Simulated elution profiles calculated from the molecular-scale data suggest that, if it were possible to engineer uniform optimal interactions into ion-exchange systems, separation efficiencies could be improved by as much as a factor of five by deliberately exploiting clustered interactions that currently dominate the ion-exchange process only accidentally.
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16
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Liu DE, Kotsmar C, Nguyen F, Sells T, Taylor NO, Prausnitz JM, Radke CJ. Macromolecule Sorption and Diffusion in HEMA/MAA Hydrogels. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie402148u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. E. Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
| | - C. Kotsmar
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
| | - F. Nguyen
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
| | - T. Sells
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
| | - N. O. Taylor
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
| | - J. M. Prausnitz
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
| | - C. J. Radke
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720-1462, United States
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17
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Characteristics and Application of Porous Ceramic/Agarose Composite Beads Derived as an Affinity Medium. Chromatographia 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-013-2578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Randunu KM, Marcus RK. Initial evaluation of protein throughput and yield characteristics on nylon 6 capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fiber stationary phases by frontal analysis. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 29:1222-9. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Manoj Randunu
- Dept. of Chemistry; Clemson University, Biosystems Research Complex; Clemson, SC 29634
| | - R. Kenneth Marcus
- Dept. of Chemistry; Clemson University, Biosystems Research Complex; Clemson, SC 29634
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19
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Besselink T, Liu M, Ottens M, van Beckhoven R, Janssen AEM, Boom RM. Comparison of activated chromatography resins for protein immobilization. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:1185-91. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Besselink
- Food Process Engineering Group; Wageningen University and Research Centre; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Delft The Netherlands
- DSM Biotechnology Center; Delft; The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Department of Biotechnology; Delft University of Technology; Delft The Netherlands
| | | | - Anja E. M. Janssen
- Food Process Engineering Group; Wageningen University and Research Centre; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Remko M. Boom
- Food Process Engineering Group; Wageningen University and Research Centre; Wageningen The Netherlands
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20
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Kotsmar C, Sells T, Taylor N, Liu DE, Prausnitz JM, Radke CJ. Aqueous Solute Partitioning and Mesh Size in HEMA/MAA Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3018487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Kotsmar
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Teresa Sells
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nicole Taylor
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David E. Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - J. M. Prausnitz
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - C. J. Radke
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Vision Science Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
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21
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Boschetti E, Righetti P. Mixed Beds. ADVANCES IN CHROMATOGRAPHY 2012. [DOI: 10.1201/b11636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Harayama T, Okamura Y, Shimoda Y, Umeno D, Saito K, Shinohara N, Kubota N. Protein Resolution in Elution Chromatography Using Novel Cation-Exchange Polymer-Brush-Immobilized Particles. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2012. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.12we011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takato Harayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
| | - Yusuke Okamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
| | - Yuichi Shimoda
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
| | - Daisuke Umeno
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
| | - Kyoichi Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Chiba University
| | - Naoyuki Shinohara
- Microza and Water Processing Division, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
- Microza & Water Processing Division, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
| | - Noboru Kubota
- Microza and Water Processing Division, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp
- Microza & Water Processing Division, Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation
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23
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Lenhoff AM. Protein adsorption and transport in polymer-functionalized ion-exchangers. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8748-59. [PMID: 21752388 PMCID: PMC3326415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A wide variety of stationary phases is available for use in preparative chromatography of proteins, covering different base matrices, pore structures and modes of chromatography. There has recently been significant growth in the number of such materials in which the base matrix is derivatized to add a covalently attached or grafted polymer layer or, in some cases, a hydrogel that fills the pore space. This review summarizes the main structural and functional features of ion exchangers of this kind, which represent the largest class of such materials. Although the adsorption and transport properties may generally be used operationally and modeled phenomenologically using the same methods as are used for proteins in conventional media, there are noteworthy mechanistic differences in protein behavior in these adsorbents. A fundamental difference in protein retention is that it may be portrayed as partitioning into a three-dimensional polymer phase rather than adsorption at an extended two-dimensional surface, as applies in more conventional media. Beyond this partitioning behavior, however, the polymer-functionalized media often display rapid intraparticle transport that, while qualitatively comparable to that in conventional media, is sufficiently rapid quantitatively under certain conditions that it can lead to clear benefits in key measures of performance such as the dynamic binding capacity. Although possible mechanistic bases for the retention and transport properties are discussed, appreciable areas of uncertainty make detailed mechanistic modeling very challenging, and more detailed experimental characterization is likely to be more productive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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24
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Oshitani J, Kataoka N, Yoshida M, Gotoh K, Imamura K. Rod-shaped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle Formation by Maturation with AOT. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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25
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Almodóvar EXP, Tao Y, Carta G. Protein adsorption and transport in cation exchangers with a rigid backbone matrix with and without polymeric surface extenders. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 27:1264-72. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2011] [Revised: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ralla K, Sohling U, Suck K, Sander F, Kasper C, Ruf F, Scheper T. Adsorption and separation of proteins by a synthetic hydrotalcite. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2011; 87:217-25. [PMID: 21684727 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the potential use of a synthetic Mg/Al hydrotalcite (layered double hydroxide) as a novel chromatography material for protein purification was investigated. The hydrotalcite is present in its carbonate form and is characterized by an Al/Mg-ratio of 1.85. Zetapotential measurements confirm a positive surface potential up to pH 10 suggesting applicability as anion exchanger. The binding of model proteins covering a broad range of isoelectric points and molecular weights was performed at different pH-values under batch conditions to evaluate the binding behaviour of the hydrotalcite. Furthermore, static binding capacities were exemplarily determined for hemoglobin and human serum albumin. Additionally, the adsorption and elution of hemoglobin was studied under dynamic conditions. The binding behaviour of the hydrotalcite was compared to commercially available anion exchangers and was found to be a function of pH, depending on the model protein. Variant adsorption behaviour is explained by further interactions like hydrogen bonds and by an unequal charge distribution over the protein surfaces. The hydrotalcite reveals high adsorption capacities under static (260 mg/g) as well as under dynamic conditions (88 mg/g at 34 cm/h; 61 mg/g at 340 cm/h). With appropriate buffers like 500 mM carbonate (pH 10) the adsorbed proteins can be nearly completely desorbed making regeneration possible. Due to the binding and elution properties it is concluded, that the hydrotalcite can serve anion exchange material for chromatographic protein separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Ralla
- Institut für Biotechnologie, FG Bioverfahrenstechnik, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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27
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Oshitani J, Kataoka N, Yoshida M, Gotoh K, Imamura K, Tanaka H. Rod-shaped Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle Formation Using AOT and Water without Oil. CHEM LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2011.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Elsherbiny AS, Egelhaaf HJ, Oelkrug D. Accessibility and shielding of silanol surface centers on porous silica beads; UV/vis absorption and fluorescence studies. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Karlsson E, Hirsh I. Ion exchange chromatography. METHODS OF BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS 2011; 54:93-133. [PMID: 21954775 DOI: 10.1002/9780470939932.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evert Karlsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 576, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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30
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Svec F, Fréchet JMJ. Molded separation media: An inexpensive, efficient, and versatile alternative to packed columns for the fast HPLC separation of peptides, proteins, and synthetic oligomers and polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19961100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Edwards JV, Castro NJ, Condon B, Costable C, Goheen SC. Chromatographic and traditional albumin isotherms on cellulose: a model for wound protein adsorption on modified cotton. J Biomater Appl 2011; 26:939-61. [PMID: 21363875 DOI: 10.1177/0885328210390542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant protein found in healing wounds. Traditional and chromatographic protein isotherms of albumin binding on modified cotton fibers are useful in understanding albumin binding to cellulose wound dressings. An important consideration in the design of cellulosic wound dressings is adsorption and accumulation of proteins like albumin at the solid-liquid interface of the biological fluid and wound dressing fiber. To better understand the effect of fiber charge and molecular modifications in cellulose-containing fibers on the binding of serum albumin as observed in protease sequestrant dressings, albumin binding to modified cotton fibers was compared with traditional and chromatographic isotherms. Modified cotton including carboxymethylated, citrate-crosslinked, dialdehyde and phosphorylated cotton, which sequester elastase and collagenase, were compared for their albumin binding isotherms. Albumin isotherms on citrate-cellulose, cross-linked cotton demonstrated a two-fold increased binding affinity over untreated cotton. A comparison of albumin binding between traditional, solution isotherms and chromatographic isotherms on modified cellulose yielded similar equilibrium constants. Application of the binding affinity of albumin obtained in the in vitro protein isotherm to the in vivo wound dressing uptake of the protein is discussed. The chromatographic approach to assessment of albumin isotherms on modified cellulose offers a more rapid approach to evaluating protein binding on modified cellulose over traditional solution approaches.
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32
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Barral S, Guerreiro A, Villa-García MA, Rendueles M, Díaz M, Piletsky S. Synthesis of 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-based polymers. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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33
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Ralla K, Sohling U, Riechers D, Kasper C, Ruf F, Scheper T. Adsorption and separation of proteins by a smectitic clay mineral. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 33:847-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Li Y, Gu B, Dennis Tolley H, Lee ML. Preparation of polymeric monoliths by copolymerization of acrylate monomers with amine functionalities for anion-exchange capillary liquid chromatography of proteins. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:5525-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 05/11/2009] [Accepted: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Rapid monoclonal antibody adsorption on dextran-grafted agarose media for ion-exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1211:70-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 09/18/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Melter L, Butté A, Morbidelli M. Preparative weak cation-exchange chromatography of monoclonal antibody variants. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1200:156-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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“Molded” rods of macroporous polymer for preparative separations of biological products. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 48:476-80. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260480509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Jia GD, Dong XY, Sun Y. Dye–ligand affinity electrochromatography with transverse and/or longitudinal electric field. Sep Purif Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2007.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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39
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Luchini A, Geho DH, Bishop B, Tran D, Xia C, Dufour RL, Jones CD, Espina V, Patanarut A, Zhou W, Ross MM, Tessitore A, Petricoin EF, Liotta LA. Smart hydrogel particles: biomarker harvesting: one-step affinity purification, size exclusion, and protection against degradation. NANO LETTERS 2008; 8:350-361. [PMID: 18076201 PMCID: PMC2877922 DOI: 10.1021/nl072174l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Disease-associated blood biomarkers exist in exceedingly low concentrations within complex mixtures of high-abundance proteins such as albumin. We have introduced an affinity bait molecule into N-isopropylacrylamide to produce a particle that will perform three independent functions within minutes, in one step, in solution: (a) molecular size sieving, (b) affinity capture of all solution-phase target molecules, and (c) complete protection of harvested proteins from enzymatic degradation. The captured analytes can be readily electroeluted for analysis.
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40
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Aboudzadeh MR, Aboudzadeh N, Jiawen Z, Bin W. Binary protein adsorption to DEAE sepharose FF. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-007-0017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Staby A, Jensen RH, Bensch M, Hubbuch J, Dünweber DL, Krarup J, Nielsen J, Lund M, Kidal S, Hansen TB, Jensen IH. Comparison of chromatographic ion-exchange resins. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1164:82-94. [PMID: 17658538 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2007] [Revised: 06/14/2007] [Accepted: 06/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study on weak anion exchangers was performed to investigate the pH dependence, binding strength, particle size distribution, and static and dynamic capacity of the chromatographic resins. The resins tested included: DEAE Sepharose FF, Poros 50 D, Fractogel EMD DEAE (M), MacroPrep DEAE Support, DEAE Ceramic HyperD 20, and Toyopearl DEAE 650 M. Testing was performed with five different model proteins: Anti-FVII mAb (immunoglobulin G), aprotinin, bovine serum albumin (BSA), Lipolase (Novozymes), and myoglobin. Retention showed an expected increasing trend as a function of pH for proteins with low pI. A decrease in retention was observed for some resins at pH 9 likely due to initiation of deprotonation of the weak anion-exchange ligands. Expected particle size distribution was obtained for all resins compared to previous studies. Binding strength to weak anion-exchange resins as a function of ionic strength depends on the specific protein. Binding and elution at low salt concentration may be performed with Toyopearl DEAE 650 M, while binding and elution at high salt concentration may be performed with MacroPrep DEAE Support. Highest binding capacities were generally obtained with Poros 50 D followed by DEAE Ceramic HyperD 20. A general good agreement was obtained between this study and data obtained by the suppliers. Verification of binding strength trends with model proteins was achieved with human growth hormone (hGH) and a hGH variant on the same resins with different elution salts, sodium chloride, sodium hydrogenphosphate, sodium sulphate, and sodium acetate. Static capacity measurements obtained in the traditional experimental set-up were compared with high-throughput screening (HTS) technique experiments with reasonable agreement. Isotherm data obtained from HTS techniques and pulse experiments were successfully combined with mathematical modelling to simulate, develop and optimise the separation process of two model proteins, Lipolase and BSA. The data presented in this paper may be used for selection of resins for testing in process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Staby
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Protein Separation, Hagedornsvej 1, DK-2820, Gentofte, Denmark.
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42
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Toshchevikov VP, Blumen A, Gotlib YY. Dynamics of Polymer Networks with Strong Differences in the Viscous Characteristics of their Crosslinks and Strands. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.200600081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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Kusumo A, Bombalski L, Lin Q, Matyjaszewski K, Schneider JW, Tilton RD. High capacity, charge-selective protein uptake by polyelectrolyte brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:4448-54. [PMID: 17358090 DOI: 10.1021/la063660b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance was used to measure binding of proteins from solution to poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brushes end-grafted from gold surfaces by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). PDMAEMA brushes were prepared with a variety of grafting densities and degrees of polymerization. These brushes displayed charge selective protein uptake. The extent of uptake for net negatively charged bovine serum albumin (BSA) scaled linearly with the surface mass concentration of grafted PDMAEMA, regardless of grafting density. BSA was bound at a constant ratio of 120 DMAEMA monomer units per protein molecule for all brushes examined. The equivalent three-dimensional concentration of BSA bound in the brush (i.e., the bound BSA surface excess concentration divided by the brush thickness) decreased monotonically with decreasing grafting density. The concentration of BSA bound within brushes prepared at higher grafting densities was comparable with the aqueous protein solubility limit. BSA desorption from the brush required changes in solution pH and/or ionic strength to eliminate its net electrostatic attraction to PDMAEMA. Net positively charged lysozyme was completely rejected by the PDMAEMA brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Kusumo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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44
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Stone MC, Carta G. Protein adsorption and transport in agarose and dextran-grafted agarose media for ion exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1146:202-15. [PMID: 17336312 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Revised: 01/30/2007] [Accepted: 02/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work examines the relationship between the physical properties of agarose and dextran-grafted agarose cation exchangers and protein adsorption equilibrium and rates. Four different sulfopropyl (SP) matrices were synthesized using a neutral agarose base material--two based on a short ligand chemistry and two obtained by grafting 10 and 40kDa dextran polymers. The pore accessibility, determined by inverse size exclusion chromatography (iSEC) with dextran probes, decreases dramatically as a result of the combined effects of crosslinking, dextran grafting, and the introduction of ionic ligands, with pore radii decreasing from 19nm for the base matrix to 6.1nm for the 40kDa dextran-grafted SP-matrix. In spite of this reduction, while the adsorption isotherms were similar, protein uptake rates were greatly increased with the dextran-grafted SP-matrices, compared to SP-matrices based on the short ligand chemistry. The effective pore diffusivities were 4-10 times higher than free solution diffusivity for the dextran-grafted matrices, indicating that the charged dextran grafts result in enhanced protein mass transfer rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melani C Stone
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineers' Way, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4741, USA
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45
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Wang DM, Hao G, Shi QH, Sun Y. Fabrication and characterization of superporous cellulose bead for high-speed protein chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1146:32-40. [PMID: 17300793 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2006] [Revised: 01/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel superporous cellulose (SC) matrix has been fabricated by water-in-oil emulsification-thermal regeneration using granules of calcium carbonate as porogenic agents. As a control, microporous cellulose (MC) bead was fabricated in the absence of calcium carbonate. Simultaneously, double cross-linking was applied to enhance the mechanical strength of the particles. The photographs by scanning electron microscopy of the SC bead illustrated that there were more "craters" of several microns scattering on the surface of the beads. It led to a higher water content and effective porosity of the SC medium. The two beads were then modified with diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) group to prepare anion exchangers. The dynamic uptake results of bovine serum albumin (BSA) exhibited that the pore diffusivity of BSA in the DEAE-SC bead was two to three times larger than that in the DEAE-MC bead. In addition, the column packed with the DEAE-SC showed lower backpressure, higher column efficiency and dynamic binding capacity than the column packed with the DEAE-MC at a flow rate range of 150-900cm/h. Moreover, the column efficiency of the DEAE-SC column was independent of flow velocity up to a flow rate of 1200cm/h. All the results exhibited the superior characteristics of the SC bead as a potential medium for high-speed protein chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Mei Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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46
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Chen WD, Hu HH, Wang YD. Analysis of steric mass-action model for protein adsorption equilibrium onto porous anion-exchange adsorbent. Chem Eng Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2006.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Yao Y, Lenhoff AM. Pore size distributions of ion exchangers and relation to protein binding capacity. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1126:107-19. [PMID: 16844131 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The pore structure of chromatographic media directly influences macromolecular transport and adsorption, and consequently separation resolution and loading capacity in chromatographic separations. The pore size distribution (PSD) is therefore a central structural characteristic of chromatographic materials and a critical determinant of chromatographic behavior. In this work the PSDs of a set of commercial anion exchangers were determined by inverse size-exclusion chromatography (ISEC). The PSDs were further utilized to develop relations to functional properties of adsorbents, such as intraparticle diffusivity, and static and dynamic binding capacities. We find that the detailed PSD is useful in semi-quantitative understanding of chromatographic behavior. However, more accurate prediction of column behavior requires more thorough knowledge of the pore structure, specifically the connectivity of the pore network, as well as improved understanding of the function of grafted resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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48
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Wei Y, Fan LM, Chen LR. Preparation and Application of Macroporous Silica-Based Polymer-Bonded Packing for High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Proteins. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079808001232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wei
- a Analytical Chemistry Division , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics , Academia Sinica, 730000, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - L. M. Fan
- a Analytical Chemistry Division , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics , Academia Sinica, 730000, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - L. R. Chen
- a Analytical Chemistry Division , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics , Academia Sinica, 730000, Lanzhou, P. R. China
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49
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Staby A, Jacobsen JH, Hansen RG, Bruus UK, Jensen IH. Comparison of chromatographic ion-exchange resins. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1118:168-79. [PMID: 16678189 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2005] [Revised: 12/24/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Strong and weak cation-exchangers were compared for a number of chromatographic parameters, i.e. pH dependence, efficiency, binding strength, particle size distribution, static and dynamic capacity, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures. Chromatographic resins investigated were Fractogel EMD SO3- (M), Fractogel EMD SE Hicap (M), Fractogel EMD COO- (M), MacroPrep 25S, MacroPrep High S, MacroPrep CM, CM HyperZ, and Matrex Cellufine C-500. Testing was done with three proteins: Anti-FVII Mab (IgG), aprotinin, and lysozyme. For lysozyme and aprotinin with pI above experimental pH, dependence of pH on retention was generally low, though some pronounced decrease of retention with increasing pH was observed for CM HyperZ. For Anti-FVII Mab with pI<7.5, binding was observed on several resins at pH 7.5. Efficiency results present the expected trend of increasing dependence of plate height as a function of increasing flow rate, and the highest flow dependence was observed for Fractogel EMD COO-. Particle size distribution was determined by two independent methods, coulter counting and SEM pictures, with fair agreement. Binding strength data of cation-exchange resins as a function of ionic strength depends on the protein, but binding and elution at high salt concentration may in general be performed with MacroPrep resins. Comparison of dynamic capacity data at 10% break-through and static capacity measurements shows that a very diverse utilization of approximately 25-90% of the total available capacity is employed during chromatographic operation. The effect of competitive binding from yeast fermentation components on dynamic binding capacity of aprotinin was studied showing a significant decrease in binding capacity. Sepharose FF, Toyopearl 650 M, and Ceramic HyperD F strong and weak cation-exchange resins were included in this study. Resins with good pure aprotinin capacity also performed well for aprotinin in fermentation broth, but the highest relative capacity was obtained with MacroPrep High S having a fairly low pure component dynamic capacity. Results of this paper may be used in the selection of resins for further testing in biopharmaceutical protein purification process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne Staby
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Protein Separation, Hagedornsvej 1, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark.
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50
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Ubiera AR, Carta G. Radiotracer measurements of protein mass transfer: Kinetics in ion exchange media. Biotechnol J 2006; 1:665-74. [PMID: 16892315 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We describe a method to measure protein mass transfer kinetics in ion exchange adsorbents for preparative chromatography based on the use of radioactively labeled protein. The method was developed and evaluated using lysozyme as a test protein with the three commercial strong-acid cation exchangers SP-Sepharose-FF, SP-Sepharose-XL, and S-HyperD. Iodination with 125I was used to label the protein, which was added in trace amounts (approximately 0.1%) to an unlabeled protein solution. The solution was recirculated through a shallow bed of the adsorbent particles and the radioactivity accumulated in the bed measured with a gamma-counter as a function of time. Radiotracer-based kinetics measurements were found to be in good agreement with results obtained with a conventional shallow-bed technique, provided that freshly labeled protein solutions were used. The method has advantages in terms of simplicity, ability to deal with adsorption from complex mixtures, and the potential for measurements under tracer diffusion conditions. Kinetics results obtained for the three different stationary phases were generally consistent with previous studies. Protein mass transfer can be described by a pore diffusion model with a nearly salt-independent pore diffusivity for SP-Sepharose-FF and by a homogeneous diffusion model with a saltindependent adsorbed phase diffusivity for S-HyperD. However, it appears that a more complex model, accounting for parallel pore and surface diffusion, is needed to describe protein mass transfer in SP-Sepharose-XL. The modeling results were found to be correlated with the apparent pore sizes determined by inverse SEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio R Ubiera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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