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Panditharatne SP, Imali DY, Perera ECJ, Perera LHR, Hettiarachchi GHCM, Kaumal MN. Anodized CuO-based reusable non-enzymatic glucose sensor as an alternative method for the analysis of pharmaceutical glucose infusions: a cyclic voltammetric approach. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1475-1487. [PMID: 38727930 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/26/2024]
Abstract
Analyzing pharmaceutical products is a quality control requirement in a production facility. This study presents a CuO electrode-based reusable non-enzymatic sensor as an alternative method for rapid analysis of glucose levels in glucose infusions. CuO is extensively employed as an electrode material in non-enzymatic glucose sensors. Conventionally, these electrodes are fabricated using chemical synthesis of CuO followed by immobilization to the electrode substrate. In contrast, here, Cu metal was mechanically modified to create a grooved surface, followed by electrochemical anodization and subsequent annealing process to grow a seamless CuO layer in situ with enhanced catalytic activity. The morphology of the electrodes was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The direct electrocatalytic activity of the developed CuO-modified electrode towards glucose oxidation in alkaline media was investigated by cyclic voltammetry in detail. The CuO-modified electrode commenced the oxidation process around 0.10 V vs. Ag pseudo-reference electrode, demonstrating a significant reduction in the overvoltage for glucose oxidation compared to the bare Cu electrode. The sensor is capable of detecting glucose at low oxidation potentials such as 0.2 V with a sensitivity value of 0.37 µA ppm-1, a wide linear range (80-2300 ppm), limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1 ppm, greater repeatability, 1% precision, 3% bias, a short response time (80 s), good reproducibility and excellent reusability (196 consecutive attempts). The enhanced performance and cost-effectiveness make this sensor a promising alternative method for product analysis in glucose injection solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Yureka Imali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - E Chavin J Perera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
| | - L Hasini R Perera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - M N Kaumal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka
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2
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Yu Z, Wu H, Xu Z, Yang Z, Lv J, Kong C. Wearable Noninvasive Glucose Sensor Based on Cu xO NFs/Cu NPs Nanocomposites. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:s23020695. [PMID: 36679492 PMCID: PMC9865846 DOI: 10.3390/s23020695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Designing highly active material to fabricate a high-performance noninvasive wearable glucose sensor was of great importance for diabetes monitoring. In this work, we developed CuxO nanoflakes (NFs)/Cu nanoparticles (NPs) nanocomposites to serve as the sensing materials for noninvasive sweat-based wearable glucose sensors. We involve CuCl2 to enhance the oxidation of Cu NPs to generate Cu2O/CuO NFs on the surface. Due to more active sites endowed by the CuxO NFs, the as-prepared sample exhibited high sensitivity (779 μA mM-1 cm-2) for noninvasive wearable sweat sensing. Combined with a low detection limit (79.1 nM), high selectivity and the durability of bending and twisting, the CuxO NFs/Cu NPs-based sensor can detect the glucose level change of sweat in daily life. Such a high-performance wearable sensor fabricated by a convenient method provides a facile way to design copper oxide nanomaterials for noninvasive wearable glucose sensors.
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Aun TT, Salleh NM, Ali UFM, Manan NSA. Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors Involving Copper: An Electrochemical Perspective. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:537-593. [PMID: 34477020 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1967720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on the use of copper and its oxides have emerged as promising candidates to replace enzymatic glucose sensors owing to their stability, ease of fabrication, and superior sensitivity. This review explains the theories of the mechanism of glucose oxidation on copper transition metal electrodes. It also presents an overview on the development of among the best non-enzymatic copper-based glucose sensors in the past 10 years. A brief description of methods, interesting findings, and important performance parameters are provided to inspire the reader and researcher to create new improvements in sensor design. Finally, several important considerations that pertain to the nano-structuring of the electrode surface is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Tiek Aun
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noordini Mohamad Salleh
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Centre for Fundamental and Frontier Sciences in Nanostructure Self-Assembly, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umi Fazara Md Ali
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia.,Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization (COEBU), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia
| | - Ninie Suhana Abdul Manan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ultrathin CuxO nanoflakes anchored Cu2O nanoarray for high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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5
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Dai Z, Yang A, Bao X, Yang R. Facile Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing for Glucose Based on Cu 2O-BSA Nanoparticles Modified GCE. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E2824. [PMID: 31238594 PMCID: PMC6631518 DOI: 10.3390/s19122824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal nanomaterials are very important to non-enzymatic glucose sensing because of their excellent electrocatalytic ability, good selectivity, the fact that they are not easily interfered with by chloride ion (Cl-), and low cost. However, the linear detection range needs to be expanded. In this paper, Cu2O-bovine serum albumin (BSA) core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized for the first time in air at room temperature by a facile and green route. The structure and morphology of Cu2O-BSA NPs were characterized. The as-prepared Cu2O-BSA NPs were used to modify the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in a Nafion matrix. By using cyclic voltammetry (CV), the influence from scanning speed, concentration of NaOH, and load of Cu2O-BSA NPs for the modified electrodes was probed. Cu2O-BSA NPs showed direct electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of glucose in 50 mM NaOH solution at 0.6 V. The chronoamperometry result showed this constructing sensor in the detection of glucose with a lowest detection limit of 0.4 μM, a linear detection range up to 10 mM, a high sensitivity of 1144.81 μAmM-1cm-2 and reliable anti-interference property to Cl-, uric acid (UA), ascorbic acid (AA), and acetaminophen (AP). Cu2O-BSA NPs are promising nanostructures for the fabrication of non-enzymatic glucose electrochemical sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikuang Dai
- Department of Physics, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China.
| | - Ailing Yang
- Department of Physics, College of Information Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China.
| | - Xichang Bao
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China.
| | - Renqiang Yang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy & Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China.
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6
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Jaikaew W, Patanakul R, Schulte A. Electrical Cable-based Copper Disk Electrodes as Oxidase Biosensor Platforms with Cathodic H2
O2
Readout. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wajee Jaikaew
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
- Biochemistry and Electrochemistry Research Unit; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
| | | | - Albert Schulte
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
- Biochemistry and Electrochemistry Research Unit; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
- Centre of Excellence in Advanced Functional Materials; Suranaree University of Technology; Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
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Barragan JT, Kubota LT. Nanostructured cupric oxide electrode: An alternative to amperometric detection of carbohydrates in anion-exchange chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 906:89-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Riman D, Bartosova Z, Halouzka V, Vacek J, Jirovsky D, Hrbac J. Facile preparation of nanostructured copper-coated carbon microelectrodes for amperometric sensing of carbohydrates. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00831j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a novel method for fabricating nanostructured copper-coated carbon cylindrical fiber microelectrodes with high efficiency in carbohydrate non-enzymatic and label-free amperometric sensing in batch and flow-detection arrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Riman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Palacky University
- Faculty of Science
- CZ-771 46 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - Z. Bartosova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Palacky University
- Faculty of Science
- CZ-771 46 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - V. Halouzka
- Department of Physics and Materials Engineering
- Faculty of Technology
- Tomas Bata University in Zlin
- 76001 Zlin
- Czech Republic
| | - J. Vacek
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
- Palacky University
- 775 15 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - D. Jirovsky
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Palacky University
- Faculty of Science
- CZ-771 46 Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - J. Hrbac
- Department of Chemistry
- Masaryk University
- Brno 625 00
- Czech Republic
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9
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Thota R, Ganesh V. Chemically modified flexible strips as electrochemical biosensors. Analyst 2014; 139:4661-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00646a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Wang G, He X, Wang L, Gu A, Huang Y, Fang B, Geng B, Zhang X. Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensing of glucose. Mikrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-012-0923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Zhai C, Li C, Qiang W, Lei J, Yu X, Ju H. Amperometric Detection of Carbohydrates with a Portable Silicone/Quartz Capillary Microchip by Designed Fracture Sampling. Anal Chem 2007; 79:9427-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ac701869z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chen Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jianping Lei
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiaodong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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12
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Manea F, Radovan C, Schoonman J. Amperometric determination of thiourea in alkaline media on a copper oxide–copper electrode. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-006-9152-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Holmin S, Krantz-Rülcker C, Winquist F. Multivariate optimisation of electrochemically pre-treated electrodes used in a voltammetric electronic tongue. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Bozon JP, Giolando DM, Kirchhoff JR. Development of Metal-Based Microelectrode Sensor Platforms by Chemical Vapor Deposition. ELECTROANAL 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4109(200107)13:11<911::aid-elan911>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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15
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Casella IG, Gatta M. Electrocatalysis and Detection of Carbohydrates byAnion-Exchange Chromatography at a Gold Substrate Electrode Modified with Nickel Cyanide Ions. ELECTROANAL 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-4109(200105)13:7<549::aid-elan549>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Casella IG, Gatta M. Determination of electroactive organic acids by anion-exchange chromatography using a copper modified electrode. J Chromatogr A 2001; 912:223-33. [PMID: 11330792 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An ion-chromatographic method combined with electrochemical detection at a copper-based chemically modified glassy carbon electrode (Cu-GC) has been shown to provide a simple analytical approach for the determination of some common organic acids in alkaline medium. Under the optimized isocratic chromatographic conditions (i.e. 0.1 M NaOH plus 80 mM CH3COONa), organic acids such as gallic, ascorbic, gluconic, lactobionic, galacturonic and glucuronic acid could be separated in less than 20 min. Under constant potential amperometric detection (i.e. 0.55 V vs. Ag-AgCl) the Cu-GC modified electrode allowed detection limits between 2 and 5 pmol for all investigated organic acids while the linear dynamic range spanned generally over three orders of magnitude. Examples of applications included the separation and quantitation of some common organic acids in vinegar, honey and tea samples, are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- I G Casella
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' degli Studi della Basilicata, Potenza, Italy.
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17
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Matsubara H, Kondo T, Kanno W, Hodouchi K, Yamada A. Copper oxide based flow-through detector for glucose determination. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Morita M, Niwa O, Tou S, Watanabe N. Nickel content dependence of electrochemical behavior of carbohydrates on a titanium–nickel alloy electrode and its application to a liquid chromatography detector. J Chromatogr A 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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LaCourse WR, Dasenbrock CO. Column Liquid Chromatography: Equipment and Instrumentation. Anal Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/a1980007c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William R. LaCourse
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore, Maryland 21250
| | - Catherine O. Dasenbrock
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Baltimore, Maryland 21250
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20
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Torimura M, Kano K, Ikeda T, Goto M, Ueda T. On-line electrochemical detection of carbohydrates coupled with the periodate oxidation. J Chromatogr A 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Abstract
In attempting to analyse complex carbohydrates by HPLC or capillary electrophoresis (CE) the chromatographer is faced with many challenges. The diversity of oligosaccharide structures described the date and their poor resolution on many chromatographic systems present a significant challenge to the chromatographer. In addition to this, the non-chromogenic nature of most carbohydrates greatly decreases the sensitivity of UV detection and refractive index is not an option for sensitive analysis. Over the last five years there have been significant advances in separation and detection methods for carbohydrates, and in this paper we will attempt to describe the most significant advances and highlight potential future developments. The detection of 200-300 fmol (2-3 x 10(-3) mol) of oligosaccharides can now be readily achieved using electrochemical detection or fluorescence detection (after labelling) with conventional HPLC columns and detectors. Miniaturized separation systems have greatly increased sensitivities with a CE-laser induced fluorescence instrument detecting as little as 100 yoctomoles (1 x 10(-22) mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Davies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, UK
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