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Tarigan S, Dharmayanti NLPI, Sugiartanti D, Putri R, Andriani, Nuradji H, Robinson M, Wiendayanthi N, Djufri F. Characterization of two linear epitopes SARS CoV-2 spike protein formulated in tandem repeat. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280627. [PMID: 36662754 PMCID: PMC9857970 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The vital roles of diagnostic tools and vaccines are prominent in controlling COVID-19. Spike protein of the SARS CoV-2, specifically the epitopes in that protein, are the critical components of the vaccines and immunological diagnostic tools. Two epitopes in the spike protein, the S14P5 and S21P2, identified previously are of great interest because they are linear and elicit neutralizing antibodies. The present study formulated each epitope in the tandem-repeat structure to increase their immunogenicity and facilitate their production. The tandem repeats (TR) were expressed efficiently in E. coli, yielding 58 mg and 46 mg per liter culture for TR-S14P5 and TR-S212, respectively. ELISA using either one of the repeating epitopes can be used as a serological test to identify individuals infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The area under curves (AUC), based on testing 157 serum samples from COVID-19 patients and 26 from COVID-19-free individuals, were 0.806 and 0.889 for TR-S14P5 and TR-S21P2-based ELISAs, respectively. For 100% diagnostic specificity, the sensitivity was only 70%. The low sensitivity supposedly resulted from some samples being from early infection prior to antibody conversion. Both recombinant epitopes were highly immunogenic in rabbits, and the immune sera recognized inactivated SARS CoV-2 virus in dot-blot assays. These antibodies should be useful as a reagent for detecting SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Furthermore, the TR-S14P5 and TR-S21P2, being conserved and denaturation-resistant, are envisaged to be ideal for intra-nasal vaccines, which are required to complement current COVID-19 to overcome rapidly mutated SARS CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simson Tarigan
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - N. L. P. Indi Dharmayanti
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Ryandini Putri
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Andriani
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Harimurti Nuradji
- Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Marthino Robinson
- Bogor Municipality Public Hospital (RSUD Kota Bogor), Bogor, Indonesia
| | | | - Fadjry Djufri
- Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Jakab A, Schlosser G, Feijlbrief M, Welling-Wester S, Manea M, Vila-Perello M, Andreu D, Hudecz F, Mező G. Synthesis and Antibody Recognition of Cyclic Epitope Peptides, Together with Their Dimer and Conjugated Derivatives Based on Residues 9−22 of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein D. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:683-92. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800324g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Jakab
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gitta Schlosser
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matty Feijlbrief
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sytske Welling-Wester
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marilena Manea
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Vila-Perello
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferenc Hudecz
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gábor Mező
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös L. University, P.O. Box 32, 1518 Budapest 112, Hungary, Laboratory for Medical Microbiology, Universiteit Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Biopolymer Structure Analysis, and Zukunftskolleg, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany, and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Mezö G, de Oliveira E, Krikorian D, Feijlbrief M, Jakab A, Tsikaris V, Sakarellos C, Welling-Wester S, Andreu D, Hudecz F. Synthesis and Comparison of Antibody Recognition of Conjugates Containing Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein D Epitope VII1. Bioconjug Chem 2003; 14:1260-9. [PMID: 14624643 DOI: 10.1021/bc0341122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic oligopeptides comprising linear or continuous topographic B-cell epitope sequences of proteins might be considered as specific and small size antigens. It has been demonstrated that the strength and specificity of antibody binding could be altered by conjugation to macromolecules or by modification in the flanking regions. However, no systematic studies have been reported to describe the effect of different carrier macromolecules in epitope conjugates. To this end, the influence of carrier structure and topology on antibody recognition of attached epitope has been studied by comparing the antibody binding properties of a new set of conjugates with tetratuftsin analogue (H-[Thr-Lys-Pro-Lys-Gly](4)-NH(2), T20) sequential oligopeptide carrier (SOC(n)), branched chain polypeptide, poly[Lys(Ser(i)-DL-Ala(m))] (SAK), multiple antigenic peptide (MAP), and keyhole limpet hemocyanine (KLH). In these novel constructs, peptide (9)LKNleADPNRFRGKDL(22) ([Nle(11)]-9-22) representing an immunodominant B cell epitope of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D (HSV-1 gD) was conjugated to polypeptides through a thioether or amide bond. Here we report on the preparation of sequential and polymeric polypeptides possessing chloroacetyl groups in multiple copies at the alpha- and/or epsilon-amino group of the polypeptides and its use for the conjugation of epitope peptides possessing Cys at C-terminal position. We have performed binding studies (direct and competitive ELISA) with monoclonal antibody (Mab) A16, recognizing the HSV gD-related epitope, [Nle(11)]-9-22, and conjugates containing identical and uniformly oriented epitope peptide in multiple copies attached to five different macromolecules as carrier. Data suggest that the chemical nature of the carrier and the degree of substitution have marked influence on the strength of antibody binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Mezö
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Hungary
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