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Rangnoi K, Rüker F, Wozniak-Knopp G, Cvak B, O’Kennedy R, Yamabhai M. Binding Characteristic of Various Antibody Formats Against Aflatoxins. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:25258-25268. [PMID: 34632185 PMCID: PMC8495687 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of recombinant antibodies for the analysis of foods and food contaminants is now a major focus, given their capacity to be engineered to tailor their specificity, enhance their stability, and modify their structural formats to fit the desired analytical platform. In this study, human scFv antibody fragments generated against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) were selected as the model antibody to explore the effect of antibody formats on their binding activity and to evaluate their potential use as immunoreagents for food contaminant analysis. Four human scFv antibody fragments against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), previously isolated and engineered by chain shuffling, were converted into various formats, that is, scFv-AP fusions, scFv-Fc, and whole IgG molecules. The result indicated that the effects of the antibody format on the binding property varied, depending on the sequence of scFv. For all of the scFv clones, the scFv-AP fusion format showed the highest sensitivity by competitive ELISA, while the effects on the binding activity after conversion to scFv-Fc or IgG format varied, depending on the amino acid sequence of the antibodies. The sAFH-3e3 antibodies that showed the best performance by competitive ELISA were selected for further investigation. The sAFH-3e3 was converted to the scFv-GFP format and tested by fluorescence-linked immunosorbent assay (FLISA), which showed that its binding property was equivalent to those of scFv-Fc and IgG formats. The potential applications of the sAFH-3e3 in a rapid test kit format based on ELISA (scFv-AP) and in a lateral flow immunochromatography assay (LFIA) (IgG) were demonstrated. A comparison of methods for the extraction of AFB1 from matrices for use with these assay formats indicated that PBS and TBST are better than 70% methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntalee Rangnoi
- Molecular
Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agriculture
Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Florian Rüker
- Institute
of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,
Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, Vienna A-1190, Austria
| | - Gordana Wozniak-Knopp
- Institute
of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,
Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, Vienna A-1190, Austria
| | - Barbara Cvak
- Romer
Labs Division Holding GmbH, Technopark 5, Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Richard O’Kennedy
- School
of Biotechnology and National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9 D09 DX63, Ireland
| | - Montarop Yamabhai
- Molecular
Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Agriculture
Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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2
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Liu Y, Jiao S, Chang Y, Lu X, Liu P, Zhao Y, Zha C, Shen L, Guo Y, Zhu G. High-affinity recombinant full-length antibody-based immunochromatographic strip assay for rapid and reliable detection of pyraclostrobin residues in food samples. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1797640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shasha Jiao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunyun Chang
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinying Lu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengyan Liu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changchun Zha
- Biointron Biological Inc., Taizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lirong Shen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yirong Guo
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Fujii H, Tanaka Y, Nakazawa H, Sugiyama A, Manabe N, Shinoda A, Shimizu N, Hattori T, Hosokawa K, Sujino T, Ito T, Niide T, Asano R, Kumagai I, Umetsu M. Compact Seahorse‐Shaped T Cell–Activating Antibody for Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201700031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Fujii
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Life Sciences Tohoku University 2‐1‐1 Katahira Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8577 Japan
- JST PRESTO 2‐1‐1 Katahira Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8577 Japan
| | - Hikaru Nakazawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Aruto Sugiyama
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Manabe
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Akira Shinoda
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060–0810 Japan
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization 1‐1 Oho Tsukuba Ibaraki 305–0801 Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Hosokawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Takuma Sujino
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ito
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Teppei Niide
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Asano
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Izumi Kumagai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
| | - Mitsuo Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba 6‐6‐11 Aramaki Aoba‐ku Sendai 980–8579 Japan
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Shang Y, Tesar D, Hötzel I. Modular protein expression by RNA trans-splicing enables flexible expression of antibody formats in mammalian cells from a dual-host phage display vector. Protein Eng Des Sel 2015; 28:437-44. [PMID: 25855659 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently described dual-host phage display vector that allows expression of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in mammalian cells bypasses the need for subcloning of phage display clone inserts to mammalian vectors for IgG expression in large antibody discovery and optimization campaigns. However, antibody discovery and optimization campaigns usually need different antibody formats for screening, requiring reformatting of the clones in the dual-host phage display vector to an alternative vector. We developed a modular protein expression system mediated by RNA trans-splicing to enable the expression of different antibody formats from the same phage display vector. The heavy-chain region encoded by the phage display vector is directly and precisely fused to different downstream heavy-chain sequences encoded by complementing plasmids simply by joining exons in different pre-mRNAs by trans-splicing. The modular expression system can be used to efficiently express structurally correct IgG and Fab fragments or other antibody formats from the same phage display clone in mammalian cells without clone reformatting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglei Shang
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Devin Tesar
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Isidro Hötzel
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Steinwand M, Droste P, Frenzel A, Hust M, Dübel S, Schirrmann T. The influence of antibody fragment format on phage display based affinity maturation of IgG. MAbs 2014; 6:204-18. [PMID: 24262918 PMCID: PMC3929444 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.27227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, most approved therapeutic antibodies are provided as immunoglobulin G (IgG), whereas small recombinant antibody formats are required for in vitro antibody generation and engineering during drug development. Particularly, single chain (sc) antibody fragments like scFv or scFab are well suited for phage display and bacterial expression, but some have been found to lose affinity during conversion into IgG.
In this study, we compared the influence of the antibody format on affinity maturation of the CD30-specific scFv antibody fragment SH313-F9, with the overall objective being improvement of the IgG. The variable genes of SH313-F9 were randomly mutated and then cloned into libraries encoding different recombinant antibody formats, including scFv, Fab, scFabΔC, and FabΔC. All tested antibody formats except Fab allowed functional phage display of the parental antibody SH313-F9, and the corresponding mutated antibody gene libraries allowed isolation of candidates with enhanced CD30 binding. Moreover, scFv and scFabΔC antibody variants retained improved antigen binding after subcloning into the single gene encoded IgG-like formats scFv-Fc or scIgG, but lost affinity after conversion into IgGs. Only affinity maturation using the Fab-like FabΔC format, which does not contain the carboxy terminal cysteines, allowed successful selection of molecules with improved binding that was retained after conversion to IgG. Thus, affinity maturation of IgGs is dependent on the antibody format employed for selection and screening. In this study, only FabΔC resulted in the efficient selection of IgG candidates with higher affinity by combination of Fab-like conformation and improved phage display compared with Fab.
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6
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Generation and characterization of high affinity humanized fab against hepatitis B surface antigen. Mol Biotechnol 2009; 43:29-40. [PMID: 19326261 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-009-9165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
5S is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 that binds to the 'a' epitope of the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and tested positive in an in vitro test for virus neutralization. We have earlier reported the generation of humanized single chain variable fragment (scFv) from the same. In this article we report the generation of a recombinant Fab molecule by fusing humanized variable domains of 5S with the constant domains of human IgG1. The humanized Fab expressed in E. coli and subsequently purified, retained a high binding affinity (K(D) = 3.63 nmol/L) to HBsAg and bound to the same epitope of HBsAg as the parent molecule. The humanized Fab also maintained antigen binding in the presence of various destabilizing agents like 3 M NaCl, 30% DMSO, 8 M urea, and extreme pH. This high affinity humanized Fab provides a basis for the development of therapeutic molecules that can be safely utilized for the prophylaxis and treatment for Hepatitis B infection.
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7
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Liu B, Conrad F, Roth A, Drummond DC, Simko JP, Marks JD. Recombinant full-length human IgG1s targeting hormone-refractory prostate cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2007; 85:1113-23. [PMID: 17554518 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-007-0208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Revised: 02/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have used a naive human single-chain fragment variable (scFv) library as a source of random shape repertoire to directly probe the altered surface chemistry of tumor cells. We reported previously the identification of more than 90 internalizing phage monoclonal antibodies targeting prostate cancer cells, including those that are hormone refractory. In this report, we describe the conversion of a panel of those scFvs into full-length human immunoglobulins (IgGs) and show that tumor specificity is retained. We have further shown that antibodies isolated from a naive phage display library can nevertheless be of high affinity towards target tumor cells. In addition, full-length IgGs retain the functionality of parental scFvs including the ability to rapidly enter target cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis and thereby to mediate efficient and specific intracellular payload delivery to tumor cells. We have used recombinant IgGs to immunoprecipitate target antigens and analyzed their molecular composition by mass spectrometry. We have identified one target antigen as activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM)/MEMD/CD166 and have further studied tissue specificity of this internalizing ALCAM epitope by immunohistochemistry. Our study shows that cell type-specific internalizing human antibody can be readily identified from a naive phage antibody display library, characterized with regards to sequence, affinity, tissue specificity, and antigen identity, and modified genetically and chemically to generate various forms of targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, University of California at San Francisco, 1001 Potrero Avenue, 3C-38, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA.
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8
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Mazor Y, Barnea I, Keydar I, Benhar I. Antibody internalization studied using a novel IgG binding toxin fusion. J Immunol Methods 2007; 321:41-59. [PMID: 17336321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 01/07/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy encompasses a wide variety of different strategies, which can be divided into direct or indirect approaches. Direct approaches target tumor-associated antigens by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) binding to the relevant antigens or by small-molecule drugs that interfere with these proteins. Indirect approaches rely on tumor-associated antigens expressed on the cell surface with antibody-drug conjugates or antibody-based fusion proteins containing different kinds of effector molecules. To deliver a lethal cargo into tumor cells, the targeting antibodies should efficiently internalize into the cells. Similarly, to qualify as targets for such drugs newly-discovered cell-surface molecules should facilitate the internalization of antibodies that bind to them. Internalization can be studied be several biochemical and microscopy approaches. An undisputed proof of internalization can be provided by the ability of an antibody to specifically deliver a drug into the target cells and kill it. We present a novel IgG binding toxin fusion, ZZ-PE38, in which the Fc-binding ZZ domain, derived from Streptococcal protein A, is linked to a truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin A, the preparation of complexes between ZZ-PE38 and IgGs that bind tumor cells and the specific cytotoxicity of such immunocomplexes is reported. Our results suggest that ZZ-PE38 could prove to be an invaluable tool for the evaluation of the suitability potential of antibodies and their cognate cell-surface antigens to be targeted by immunotherapeutics based on armed antibodies that require internalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yariv Mazor
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Green Building, Room 202, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
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9
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Velappan N, Martinez JS, Valero R, Chasteen L, Ponce L, Bondu-Hawkins V, Kelly C, Pavlik P, Hjelle B, Bradbury ARM. Selection and characterization of scFv antibodies against the Sin Nombre hantavirus nucleocapsid protein. J Immunol Methods 2007; 321:60-9. [PMID: 17336997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2007.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Revised: 12/02/2006] [Accepted: 01/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rodent-borne hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in the old world and hantavirus cardio-pulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the new. Most cases of HCPS in North America are caused by Sin Nombre Virus (SNV). Current viral detection technologies depend upon the identification of anti-viral antibodies in patient serum. Detection of viral antigen may facilitate earlier detection of the pathogen. We describe here the characterization of two single-chain Fv antibodies (scFvs), selected from a large naïve phage antibody library, which are capable of identifying the Sin Nombre Virus nucleocapsid protein (SNV-N), with no cross reactivity with the nucleocapsid protein from other hantaviruses. The utility of such selected scFvs was increased by the creation of an scFv-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein which was able to directly detect virally produced material without the need for additional reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nileena Velappan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, TA-43, HRL-1, MS M888, Los Alamos NM 87545, USA
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Johansson DX, Drakenberg K, Hopmann KH, Schmidt A, Yari F, Hinkula J, Persson MAA. Efficient expression of recombinant human monoclonal antibodies in Drosophila S2 cells. J Immunol Methods 2006; 318:37-46. [PMID: 17137589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2006] [Revised: 08/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the Drosophila S2 cell line for expression of Ig molecules isolated as Fab or scFv cDNA from phage-displayed libraries. We present a series of vectors for inducible expression and secretion of human Ig heavy (HC) and light chains (LC), both on separate plasmids and in combination constructs. Both HC (tested as human gamma(1)) and LC (human kappa) could be expressed separately and were secreted into the medium, confirming previous reports. When the combination vector carrying both the HC and LC cDNA, as well as when the HC and LC vectors were co-transfected, complete IgG1 was found in the medium. Transient transfection resulted in production levels of 0.5-1 mg/l. Stable cell lines could be established within 2-3 weeks. After 10-12 days of expression from such cell lines, Ig molecules accumulated and the medium contained typically 5-35 mg/l of IgG1. The IgG in these preparations was purified to more than 90% purity on protein G columns. Binding characteristics for IgG of the same clone expressed in S2 cells or mammalian cells were indistinguishable. The main advantages with this system compared to mammalian expression were its robustness and the much faster establishment of stable, high level producing cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel X Johansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medicine at Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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Bose B, Khanna N, Acharya SK, Sinha S. High affinity mouse-human chimeric Fab against hepatitis B surface antigen. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 11:7569-78. [PMID: 16437680 PMCID: PMC4727235 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i48.7569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Passive immunotherapy using antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) has been advocated in certain cases of Hepatitis B infection. We had earlier reported on the cloning and expression of a high affinity scFv derived from a mouse monoclonal (5S) against HBsAg. However this mouse antibody cannot be used for therapeutic purposes as it may elicit anti-mouse immune responses. Chimerization by replacing mouse constant domains with human ones can reduce the immunogenicity of this antibody. METHODS We cloned the V(H) and V(L) genes of this mouse antibody, and fused them with CH1 domain of human IgG1 and C(L) domain of human kappa chain respectively. These chimeric genes were cloned into a phagemid vector. After initial screening using the phage display system, the chimeric Fab was expressed in soluble form in E. coli. RESULTS The chimeric Fab was purified from the bacterial periplasmic extract. We characterized the chimeric Fab using several in vitro techniques and it was observed that the chimeric molecule retained the high affinity and specificity of the original mouse monoclonal. This chimeric antibody fragment was further expressed in different strains of E. coli to increase the yield. CONCLUSION We have generated a mouse-human chimeric Fab against HBsAg without any significant loss in binding and epitope specificity. This chimeric Fab fragment can be further modified to generate a full-length chimeric antibody for therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Bose
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, PIN-110029, India.
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Nishibori N, Shimamoto T, Nakamura N, Shimokawa M, Horiuchi H, Furusawa S, Matsuda H. Expression vectors for chicken-human chimeric antibodies. Biologicals 2005; 32:213-8. [PMID: 15572103 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2004.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2004] [Accepted: 09/11/2004] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The chicken is a useful animal for preparation of antibodies that are reactive with highly conserved mammalian molecules. For further clinical application of chicken antibodies, we constructed the novel expression vectors for chicken-human chimeric antibodies, pcSLCgamma1, pcSLCgamma4 and pcSLCkappa. These vectors had the following characteristics: (1) any chicken variable regions from hybridomas or a phage display library can be easily introduced; (2) the variable regions are able to be expressed in different immunoglobulin isotypes; and (3) the chimeric antibodies can be highly expressed in either transiently or stably transfected eukaryotic cells (COS-7 and CHO-K1 cells). Western blot analysis of the chimeric antibodies revealed that the expressed products were of the predicted size, structure and specificity. These results indicate that these vectors are useful tools for the chimerization of chicken antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Nishibori
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Molecular and Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R M Bradbury
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, TA-43, HRL-1, MS M888, NM 87545, USA.
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14
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Men R, Yamashiro T, Goncalvez AP, Wernly C, Schofield DJ, Emerson SU, Purcell RH, Lai CJ. Identification of chimpanzee Fab fragments by repertoire cloning and production of a full-length humanized immunoglobulin G1 antibody that is highly efficient for neutralization of dengue type 4 virus. J Virol 2004; 78:4665-74. [PMID: 15078949 PMCID: PMC387713 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.9.4665-4674.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A safe and effective dengue vaccine is still not available. Passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies from humans or nonhuman primates represents an attractive alternative for the prevention of dengue virus infection. Fab monoclonal antibodies to dengue type 4 virus (DENV-4) were recovered by repertoire cloning of bone marrow mRNAs from an immune chimpanzee and analyzed for antigen binding specificity, V(H) and V(L) sequences, and neutralizing activity against DENV-4 in vitro. Fabs 5A7, 3C1, 3E4, and 7G4 were isolated from a library constructed from a chimpanzee following intrahepatic transfection with infectious DENV-4 RNA. Fabs 5H2 and 5D9, which had nearly identical V(H) sequences but varied in their V(L) sequences, were recovered from a library constructed from the same chimpanzee after superinfection with a mixture of DENV-1, DENV-2, and DENV-3. In radioimmunoprecipitation, Fab 5A7 precipitated only DENV-4 prM, and Fabs 3E4, 7G4, 5D9, and 5H2 precipitated DENV-4 E but little or no prM. Fab 3E4 and Fab 7G4 competed with each other for binding to DENV-4 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as did Fab 3C1 and Fab 5A7. Fab 5H2 recognized an epitope on DENV-4 that was separate from the epitope(s) recognized by other Fabs. Both Fab 5H2 and Fab 5D9 neutralized DENV-4 efficiently with a titer of 0.24 to 0.58 micro g/ml by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), whereas DENV-4-neutralizing activity of other Fabs was low or not detected. Fab 5H2 was converted to full-length immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) by combining it with human sequences. The humanized chimpanzee antibody IgG1 5H2 produced in CHO cells neutralized DENV-4 strains from different geographical origins at a similar 50% plaque reduction (PRNT(50)) titer of 0.03 to 0.05 micro g/ml. The DENV-4 binding affinities were 0.42 nM for Fab 5H2 and 0.24 nM for full-length IgG1 5H2. Monoclonal antibody IgG1 5H2 may prove valuable for passive immunoprophylaxis against dengue virus in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhe Men
- Molecular Viral Biology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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15
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van den Beucken T, Pieters H, Steukers M, van der Vaart M, Ladner RC, Hoogenboom HR, Hufton SE. Affinity maturation of Fab antibody fragments by fluorescent-activated cell sorting of yeast-displayed libraries. FEBS Lett 2003; 546:288-94. [PMID: 12832056 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We report for the first time the affinity maturation of Fab antibody fragments using fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) of yeast-displayed repertoires. A single yeast display vector which enables the inducible expression of an anchored heavy chain and a soluble light chain has been constructed. The assembly and functional display on the yeast cell surface of Fab antibodies specific for different protein targets has been demonstrated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. We have affinity matured a Fab antibody specific for the tetravalent antigen streptavidin using FACS of yeast-displayed repertoires diversified by error-prone polymerase chain reaction. A panel of variants with up to 10.7-fold improvement in affinity was obtained after selection. Two leading clones, R2H10 (3.2 nM) and R3B1 (5.5 nM), had mutations in light chain complementarity determining region 1 LC-CDR1 (H34R) and LC-CDR3 (Y96H or Y96F) and gave a 10.7-fold and 6.3-fold affinity improvement over the starting antibody, respectively. The ability to efficiently affinity mature Fab antibodies is an important component of the antibody development pipeline and we have shown that yeast display is an efficient method for this purpose.
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Boel E, Verlaan S, Poppelier MJ, Westerdaal NA, Van Strijp JA, Logtenberg T. Functional human monoclonal antibodies of all isotypes constructed from phage display library-derived single-chain Fv antibody fragments. J Immunol Methods 2000; 239:153-66. [PMID: 10821956 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(00)00170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have constructed a series of eukaryotic expression vectors that permit the rapid conversion of single chain (sc) Fv antibody fragments, derived from semi-synthetic phage display libraries, into intact fully human monoclonal antibodies (mAb) of each isotype. As a model, a scFv fragment specific for sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was isolated from a semi-synthetic phage antibody (Ab) display library, and used to produce human mAbs of IgM, IgG1-IgG4, IgA1, IgA2m(1) and IgE isotype in vitro in stably transfected cells. N-terminal protein sequence analysis of purified immunoglobulin heavy (H) and light (L) chains revealed precise proteolytic removal of the leader peptide. Biochemical analysis of purified recombinant human mAbs demonstrated that properly glycosylated molecules of the correct molecular size were produced. The IgG and IgA mAbs retained SRBC-binding activity, interacted with different Fc receptor-transfectants, and induced complement-mediated hemolysis and Ab-dependent phagocytosis of SRBC by neutrophils in a pattern consistent with the immunoglobulin (Ig) H chain isotype. We conclude that in vitro produced recombinant human mAbs constructed from phage display library-derived scFv fragments mirror their natural counterparts and may represent a source of mAbs for use in human therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Boel
- Eijkman-Winkler Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Inflammation, Utrecht University Hospital, Rm G04.614, P.O. Box 85500, NL-3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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17
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Sanna PP, Samson ME, Moon JS, Rozenshteyn R, De Logu A, Williamson RA, Burton DR. pFab-CMV, a single vector system for the rapid conversion of recombinant Fabs into whole IgG1 antibodies. IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 1999; 4:185-8. [PMID: 10231088 DOI: 10.1016/s1380-2933(98)00022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have constructed a single vector system for the rapid conversion of recombinant Fabs into whole IgG1 antibodies and their expression in eukaryotic cells. This vector, named pFab-CMV, utilizes the same unique cloning sites present on the pComb3 phagemid thus allowing for the direct subcloning of light chains and heavy chain Fd regions. pFab-CMV also allows for the expression of recombinant Fabs in eukaryotic cells by removal of a cassette containing part of the hinge, CH2 and CH3 sequences. Stable cell lines are rapidly obtained with pFab-CMV by NEO selection without the need for co-transfection of heavy and light chain expressing vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Sanna
- Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Bentley KJ, Gewert R, Harris WJ. Differential efficiency of expression of humanized antibodies in transient transfected mammalian cells. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 1998; 17:559-67. [PMID: 9890712 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.1998.17.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Transient transfections are commonly used in the preliminary assessment of comparative levels of expression, biologic activity, and affinity of recombinant antibody molecules, but apparent expression levels can vary up to 200-fold. We have compared the expression levels of various humanized antibodies and "mixed and matched" heavy and light chains in transiently transfected CHO cells using replicate, small-scale transfections within single or replicate experiments to control for variation in transfection efficiency. We have found that each antibody is expressed with a characteristic efficiency, determined by a combination of factors including the level of light-chain synthesis, heavy- and light-chain "compatibility," and CDR/framework interactions to provide a compact Fv module.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Bentley
- Department Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Aberdeen Institute of Medical Sciences, Scotland, United Kingdom
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19
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Abstract
The development of recombinant techniques for the rapid cloning, expression, and characterization of cDNAs encoding antibody (Ab) subunits has revolutionized the field of antibody engineering. By fusion to heterologous protein domains, chain shuffling, and inclusion of self-assembly motifs, novel molecules such as bispecific Abs can now be generated which possess the subset of functional properties designed to fit the intended application. Rapid technological developments in phage display of peptides and proteins have led to a plethora of applications directed towards immunology and antibody engineering. Many of the problems associated with the therapeutic use of Abs are being addressed by the application of these new techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Hayden
- Department of Autoimmunity and Transplantation, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, WA 98121, USA.
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Samuelsson A, Yari F, Hinkula J, Ersoy O, Norrby E, Persson MA. Human antibodies from phage libraries: neutralizing activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 equally improved after expression as Fab and IgG in mammalian cells. Eur J Immunol 1996; 26:3029-34. [PMID: 8977300 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830261231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Human antibodies against HIV-1 have been sought to study neutralization events on the molecular level, and for possible use in passive immune intervention. The development of phage display techniques has opened the possibility of rapidly generating human monoclonal antibodies with desired specificities. We and others have isolated human HIV-1 neutralizing antibody fragments using this technique. Bacterial expression of isolated clones does, however, differ broadly both in expression levels and functional activity. In addition, intact IgG cannot be expressed in bacteria. By transferring the genes of isolated Fab clones to a mammalian expression system we could perform a comparison of functional activity between Fab expressed in bacterial and mammalian cells, as well as Fab and whole IgG. Fab fragments expressed in mammalian cells showed increased virus neutralizing activity compared to the same Fab clones expressed in Escherichia coli, underlining the inefficiency of procaryotic expression. No difference in HIV-1 neutralizing capacity was detected between monovalent (Fab) and divalent (whole antibody) reagents expressed in CHO cells. Thus, bivalency does not always confer improved neutralization efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Samuelsson
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Recent advances in the generation of genetically engineered monoclonal antibodies have enhanced the importance of COS cells as expression systems for rapidly producing sufficient quantities of these proteins for preliminary biochemical and biophysical analysis. In order to meet the demand for clinical supplies, a gradual increase has occurred in the usage of dihydrofolate reductase negative (DHFR-) Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for large-scale antibody production. Using a variety of mammalian expression vectors and selection/amplification protocols, CHO cell lines capable of producing monoclonal antibodies at levels exceeding 1 gl-1 can now be obtained in an almost routine fashion. For the applications of monoclonal antibodies to expand into additional therapeutic areas, however, a 5-10-fold increase over current highest expression levels may still need to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Trill
- Department of Gene Expression Sciences, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA
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