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Sanchez-Quant E, Richter ML, Colomé-Tatché M, Martinez-Jimenez CP. Single-cell metabolic profiling reveals subgroups of primary human hepatocytes with heterogeneous responses to drug challenge. Genome Biol 2023; 24:234. [PMID: 37848949 PMCID: PMC10583437 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xenobiotics are primarily metabolized by hepatocytes in the liver, and primary human hepatocytes are the gold standard model for the assessment of drug efficacy, safety, and toxicity in the early phases of drug development. Recent advances in single-cell genomics demonstrate liver zonation and ploidy as main drivers of cellular heterogeneity. However, little is known about the impact of hepatocyte specialization on liver function upon metabolic challenge, including hepatic metabolism, detoxification, and protein synthesis. RESULTS Here, we investigate the metabolic capacity of individual human hepatocytes in vitro. We assess how chronic accumulation of lipids enhances cellular heterogeneity and impairs the metabolisms of drugs. Using a phenotyping five-probe cocktail, we identify four functional subgroups of hepatocytes responding differently to drug challenge and fatty acid accumulation. These four subgroups display differential gene expression profiles upon cocktail treatment and xenobiotic metabolism-related specialization. Notably, intracellular fat accumulation leads to increased transcriptional variability and diminishes the drug-related metabolic capacity of hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that, upon a metabolic challenge such as exposure to drugs or intracellular fat accumulation, hepatocyte subgroups display different and heterogeneous transcriptional responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sanchez-Quant
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria Lucia Richter
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maria Colomé-Tatché
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 85354, Freising, Germany.
- Biomedical Center (BMC), Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), 82152, Munich, Germany.
| | - Celia Pilar Martinez-Jimenez
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus (HPC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
- TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich (TUM), 80333, Munich, Germany.
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Saito Y, Morine Y, Iwahashi S, Ikemoto T, Imura S, Yamanaka‐Okumura H, Hirayama A, Soga T, Tomita M, Shimada M. Changes of liver metabolites following hepatectomy with ischemia reperfusion towards liver regeneration. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2018; 2:204-211. [PMID: 29863192 PMCID: PMC5980257 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolome analysis is one of the omics which investigates the final product of a central dogma. Changes of liver metabolites during liver regeneration following hepatectomy (Hx) continue to remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes of liver metabolites following Hx with ischemia reperfusion (I/R) towards liver regeneration. METHODS Twenty-three patients who underwent Hx were enrolled in this study. Non-tumor tissues were sampled immediately before and after Hx and a comparison was made between the liver samples taken before and after Hx using capillary electrophoresis (CE)-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) as metabolome analysis. RESULTS The metabolic pathway showed that there was a significant increase in "lactate" following Hx. There was a significant decrease in metabolites only in the first half of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by anaerobiotic glycolysis did not occur in time for energy consumption of the Hx. Principal component analysis revealed remarkably different component profiles between the samples taken before and after Hx. One hundred and three metabolites were selected as critical metabolites for separating components. Valine and tryptophan increased significantly after Hx and they were regulated by resected liver volume, ischemic time and liver function. CONCLUSION The liver metabolites changed remarkably between before and after Hx. Especially, liver valine and tryptophan were increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Saito
- Department of SurgeryTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of SurgeryTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | | | | | - Satoru Imura
- Department of SurgeryTokushima UniversityTokushimaJapan
| | | | | | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced BiosciencesKeio UniversityTsuruokaJapan
| | - Masaru Tomita
- Institute for Advanced BiosciencesKeio UniversityTsuruokaJapan
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Haldrup D, Heebøll S, Thomsen KL, Andersen KJ, Meier M, Mortensen FV, Nyengaard JR, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Grønbæk H. Preserved liver regeneration capacity after partial hepatectomy in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. World J Hepatol 2018; 10:8-21. [PMID: 29399274 PMCID: PMC5787687 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the liver regeneration capacity (LRC) after partial hepatectomy (PH) in experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
METHODS Fifty-four female rats were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFCD, 65% fat, 1% cholesterol) or standard diet (STD) for 16 wk. A 70% PH was performed and the animals were euthanised before PH or 2 or 5 d post-PH. LRC was evaluated using: The total number of Ki-67 positive hepatocytes in the caudate lobe, N(Ki-67, lobe) evaluated in a stereology-based design, the regenerated protein ratio (RPR), prothrombin-proconvertin ratio (PP), and mRNA expression of genes related to regeneration.
RESULTS The HFCD NASH model showed significant steatosis with ballooning and inflammation, while no fibrosis was present. Mortality was similar in HFCD and STD animals following PH. HFCD groups were compared to respective STD groups and HFCD animals had a significantly elevated alanine transaminase at baseline (P < 0.001), as well as a significantly elevated bilirubin at day 2 after PH (P < 0.05). HFCD animals had a higher N(Ki-67, lobe) at baseline, (P < 0.0001), day 2 after PH (P = 0.06) and day 5 after PH (P < 0.025). We found no significant difference in RPR or PP neither 2 or 5 d post-PH. Expression of liver regeneration genes (e.g., hepatic growth factor) was higher at both day 2 and 5 post-PH in HFCD groups (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION NASH rats had a preserved LRC after hepatectomy when compared to STD rats. The methods and models of NASH are essential in understanding and evaluating LRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Haldrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
- Department of Internal Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers NØ DK-8930, Denmark
| | - Sara Heebøll
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Karen Louise Thomsen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | | | - Michelle Meier
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Frank Viborg Mortensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | - Jens Randel Nyengaard
- Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced Bioimaging, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
| | | | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus C DK-8000, Denmark
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4
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Mukherjee S, Chellappa K, Moffitt A, Ndungu J, Dellinger RW, Davis JG, Agarwal B, Baur JA. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis promotes liver regeneration. Hepatology 2017; 65:616-630. [PMID: 27809334 PMCID: PMC5258848 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of the liver is essential for recovery from surgical resection or injuries induced by trauma or toxins. During liver regeneration, the concentration of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) falls, at least in part due to metabolic competition for precursors. To test whether NAD availability restricts the rate of liver regeneration, we supplied nicotinamide riboside (NR), an NAD precursor, in the drinking water of mice subjected to partial hepatectomy. NR increased DNA synthesis, mitotic index, and mass restoration in the regenerating livers. Intriguingly, NR also ameliorated the steatosis that normally accompanies liver regeneration. To distinguish the role of hepatocyte NAD levels from any systemic effects of NR, we generated mice overexpressing nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, a rate-limiting enzyme for NAD synthesis, specifically in the liver. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase overexpressing mice were mildly hyperglycemic at baseline and, similar to mice treated with NR, exhibited enhanced liver regeneration and reduced steatosis following partial hepatectomy. Conversely, mice lacking nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in hepatocytes exhibited impaired regenerative capacity that was completely rescued by administering NR. CONCLUSION NAD availability is limiting during liver regeneration, and supplementation with precursors such as NR may be therapeutic in settings of acute liver injury. (Hepatology 2017;65:616-630).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mukherjee
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Karthikeyani Chellappa
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Andrea Moffitt
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Joan Ndungu
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | | | - James G. Davis
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Beamon Agarwal
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Joseph A. Baur
- Department of Physiology and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
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Tautenhahn HM, Brückner S, Baumann S, Winkler S, Otto W, von Bergen M, Bartels M, Christ B. Attenuation of Postoperative Acute Liver Failure by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment Due to Metabolic Implications. Ann Surg 2016; 263:546-56. [PMID: 25775061 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prevent posthepatectomy acute liver failure after extended resection by treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). BACKGROUND Liver tumors often require extended liver resection, overburdening metabolic and regenerative capacities of the remnant organ. Resulting dysfunction and failure may be improved by the proregenerative characteristics of MSCs. METHODS Extended liver resection was performed in (DPPIV)-deficient F344-Fischer rats. Wild-type animals served as donors of peritoneal adipose-derived MSCs. These were predifferentiated in vitro into hepatocytic cells and delivered to the liver by splenic application. Liver-related blood parameters (international normalized ratio, bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) and liver histology (hematoxylin-eosin, Sudan III) were determined to monitor liver function. Metabolic changes were assessed by metabolomic analyses in the remnant liver and the serum. Liver damage and regeneration were quantified by determination of the apoptotic and proliferation rates. RESULTS MSCs supported survival after partial hepatectomy. They decreased liver-related blood parameters indicative for the improvement of liver function. The extensive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes illustrating the metabolic overload after resection was attenuated. Treatment with MSCs normalized imbalance of amino acids, acylcarnitines, sphingolipids, and glycerophospholipids in the liver and blood. Furthermore, MSCs decreased the apoptotic rate and increased the proliferation rate. The experimental time period (48 hours) was too short to allow for integration of MSCs into the host liver. Thus, the mode of action was probably indirect. CONCLUSIONS MSCs ameliorated hepatic dysfunction and improved liver regeneration after extended resection by paracrine mechanisms. They may represent a new therapeutic option to treat posthepatectomy acute liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Michael Tautenhahn
- *Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig AöR, Leipzig, Germany †Translational Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany ‡Department of Metabolomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany §Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany ¶Department of Proteomics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Schaefer FM, Peng J, Hu W, Drvarov O, Nevzorova YA, Zhao G, Masaoudi MA, Davis RJ, Trautwein C, Cubero FJ. Bone marrow-derived c-jun N-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1) mediates liver regeneration. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:137-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Aharoni-Simon M, Anavi S, Beifuss U, Madar Z, Tirosh O. Nitric oxide, can it be only good? Increasing the antioxidant properties of nitric oxide in hepatocytes by YC-1 compound. Nitric Oxide 2012; 27:248-56. [PMID: 22955014 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Nitric oxide (NO) on redox changes and fat accumulation in hepatocytes. AML-12 hepatocytes were exposed to the NO donor Diethylenetriamine-NONOate (DETA-NO). DETA-NO led to a dose- and time-dependent increase in lipid accumulation in the cells, measured by Nile red fluorescence. Exposure of the cells to 1mM DETA-NO for 24h increased reactive oxygen species production, mainly peroxides. At the same time, NO induced elevation of reduced glutathione (GSH) and a mild activation of the antioxidant transcription factors Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2). We used 100 μM YC-1 to inhibit HIF1α activity and induce activation of soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC). YC-1 alone did not affect fat accumulation, and only moderately increased the expression of Nrf-2-targeted genes Heme oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1) (Nqo1) and Glutathione S-transferase α1 (Gstα1). However, YC-1 abolished the negative effect of NO on fat accumulation when administered together. Strikingly, YC-1 potentiated the effect of NO on Nrf-2 activation, thus increasing dramatically the antioxidant properties of NO. Moreover, YC-1 intensified the effect of NO on the expression of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator 1α (PGC1α) and mitochondrial biogenesis markers. This study suggests that YC-1 may shift the deleterious effects of NO into the beneficial ones, and may improve the antioxidant properties of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Aharoni-Simon
- The School of Nutritional Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Delgado-Coello B, Briones-Orta MA, Macías-Silva M, Mas-Oliva J. Cholesterol: recapitulation of its active role during liver regeneration. Liver Int 2011; 31:1271-84. [PMID: 21745289 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Liver regeneration is a compensatory hyperplasia produced by several stimuli that promotes proliferation in order to provide recovery of the liver mass and architecture. This process involves complex signalling cascades that receive feedback from autocrine and paracrine pathways, recognized by parenchymal as well as non-parenchymal cells. Nowadays the dynamic role of lipids in biological processes is widely recognized; however, a systematic analysis of their importance during liver regeneration is still missing. Therefore, in this review we address the role of lipids including the bioactive ones such as sphingolipids, but with special emphasis on cholesterol. Cholesterol is not only considered as a structural component but also as a relevant lipid involved in the control of the intermediate metabolism of different liver cell types such as hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells. Cholesterol plays a significant role at the level of specific membrane domains, as well as modulating the expression of sterol-dependent proteins. Moreover, several enzymes related to the catabolism of cholesterol and whose activity is down regulated are related to the protection of liver tissue from toxicity during the process of regeneration. This review puts in perspective the necessity to study and understand the basic mechanisms involving lipids during the process of liver regeneration. On the other hand, the knowledge acquired in this area in the past years, can be considered invaluable in order to provide further insights into processes such as general organogenesis and several liver-related pathologies, including steatosis and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Delgado-Coello
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, DF Mexico
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9
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Meneses-Lorente G, Watt A, Salim K, Gaskell SJ, Muniappa N, Lawrence J, Guest PC. Identification of early proteomic markers for hepatic steatosis. Chem Res Toxicol 2006; 19:986-98. [PMID: 16918237 DOI: 10.1021/tx060007f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The identification of biomarkers for disease state, drug efficacy, and toxicity is becoming increasingly important for drug discovery and development. We have used two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to identify proteomic markers associated with hepatocellular steatosis in rats after dosing with a compound (CDA) in preclinical development. Rats were dosed daily for up to 5 days with CDA for measurement of blood biochemical parameters, histological, and proteomic analysis. Alterations in plasma glucose and liver transaminases were detected from dosing day 3 onward, and livers showed trace levels of hepatocellular vacuolation from 6 h which increased in extent and severity over the 5 day time course. The number of significantly altered protein spots increased over the 5 day time course, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis showed that the predominant functions altered by CDA treatment were cell death and cellular assembly and organization. This included alterations in secreted proteins, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial chaperones, antioxidant proteins, and enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. Comparative in vitro dosing studies showed similar alterations to the proteome, neutral lipid accumulation, and mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in response to CDA treatment of cultured rat hepatocytes. The finding that several proteins showed significant changes in abundance before the onset of overt toxicity in vivo suggested that these could serve as predictive biomarkers of compounds with a propensity to induce liver steatosis. These markers underwent further direct analysis in the in vitro hepatocyte toxicity model to determine their utility in the development of high throughput assays for drug-induced steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Meneses-Lorente
- Merck Sharp & Dohme Neuroscience Research Centre, Terlings Park, Harlow, Essex, CM20 2QR, United Kingdom.
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Kishino T, Tanno M, Yamada H, Saito S, Matsumoto S. Changes in liver fatty acid unsaturation after partial hepatectomy in the rat. Lipids 2000; 35:445-52. [PMID: 10858030 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-000-543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess changes in the degree of fatty acid unsaturation in rat liver after partial hepatectomy. This is the first study in which liver fatty acid unsaturation has been analyzed over a long period of regeneration until day 28 after operation. The relationship between changes in unsaturation and fatty acid composition in the regenerating liver were also investigated in this study. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed significantly elevated levels of unsaturation with a maximum on day 5 after partial hepatectomy, compared with untreated controls (11.72+/-0.55 vs. 11.05+/-0.26%, P < 0.05). No significant changes in unsaturation were found in day 1 regenerating liver, which is rich in absolute amounts of fatty acids. Based on gas-liquid chromatography, the relative amounts of oleic acid (18:1n-9) and linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n-6) were increased, while polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) were decreased on day 1. On the other hand, on day 5 of regeneration, while most fatty acids were returning to their preoperative control levels, only DHA was higher than the control value (7.69+/-0.58 vs. 5.57+/-0.37%, P < 0.001). The high levels of unsaturation on day 5 were found to be partly due to the increase in DHA. The findings suggest that some significant signals are transmitted during the regeneration process owing to alterations in the membrane structure by the high levels of fatty acid unsaturation and the increase in DHA levels on day 5 after partial hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kishino
- The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Straatsburg IH, Boermeester MA, Houdijk AP, Frederiks WM, Wesdorp RI, Van Leeuwen PA, Van Noorden CJ. Endotoxin- and cytokine-mediated effects on liver cell proliferation and lipid metabolism after partial hepatectomy: a study with recombinant N-terminal bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist. J Pathol 1996; 179:100-5. [PMID: 8691333 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(199605)179:1<100::aid-path532>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to clarify the mechanisms underlying post-resection changes in liver cell proliferation and metabolism. To assess the role of gut-derived endotoxaemia and endogenous cytokines in these changes, the effects of peri-operative treatment with either the lipopolysaccharide-neutralizing bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein or interleukin-1 receptor antagonist were investigated at 24 h after two-thirds hepatectomy in rats. Peri-operative treatment with either agent caused enhanced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and reduced lipid accumulation. Activity of the hexose monophosphate shunt was significantly decreased after partial hepatectomy and restored by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist only. After partial hepatectomy, bile canalicular alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly increased in pericentral zones and redistributed to both bile canalicular and sinusoidal membranes of hepatocytes. These effects were not significantly influenced by either treatment. It is concluded that endotoxin restricts liver cell proliferation and leads to lipid accumulation following partial hepatectomy, and that interleukin-1 is a principal mediator in these processes. Furthermore, interleukin-1 mediates a repression of the pentose phosphate pathway. These changes may be of significance with respect to liver function, at least in the early phase after partial hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Straatsburg
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands
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12
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Van Noorden CJ. Effects of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched diets on lipid metabolism in periportal and pericentral compartments of female rat liver lobules and the consequences for cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy. J Lipid Res 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2275(20)41490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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13
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Sparks JD, Corsetti JP, Sparks CE. Liver regrowth and apolipoprotein B secretion by rat hepatocytes following partial hepatectomy. Metabolism 1994; 43:681-90. [PMID: 8201956 DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(94)90115-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein (apo) B is an essential component for the assembly and secretion of lipoproteins. The current report examines apo B production using primary cultures of hepatocytes derived from rats 3 to 21 days after partial hepatectomy (PH) to determine the effects of liver regrowth on apo B. Studies indicate that hepatocytes stimulated by PH have a two-thirds reduction in net apo B production 3 to 7 days after surgery, which coincides with the period of maximum rate of liver regrowth. Both higher (apo BH)- and lower-molecular-weight (apo BL) apo B are synthesized and secreted after PH, indicating the presence of edited apo B mRNA in hepatocytes. Hepatocytes derived from PH rats are more sensitive to insulin inhibition of apo B secretion compared with controls, suggesting an enhanced effect of insulin on newly replicated hepatocytes. Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a key regulator of liver regrowth following PH, potentiates the inhibitory action of insulin on apo B secretion in control hepatocytes and those derived from rats 2 to 3 weeks after PH. However, the potentiating effect of EGF on insulin inhibition of apo B is not discernible in hepatocytes 3 to 7 days after PH. The short-term in vitro hormonal effects occurring even with decreased apo B production suggest that this pathway remains available following PH to balance lipoprotein secretion with lipid and energy requirements necessary for liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Sparks
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY
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14
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Bocckino SB, Wilson PB, Exton JH. An early elevation of diacylglycerol and phosphatidate in regenerating liver. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1989; 164:290-4. [PMID: 2803302 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(89)91716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Liver diacylglycerol and phosphatidate are elevated following partial hepatectomy. These increases precede those in DNA synthesis and triacylglycerol accumulation. Possible factors involved in the increase in the lipids and the possible role of the lipids in liver regeneration are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Bocckino
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
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