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Ghamgui S, Dahmen R. The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Visuospatial Attention in Young Adults. Percept Mot Skills 2024:315125241272660. [PMID: 39140830 DOI: 10.1177/00315125241272660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Our objective in this study was to investigate the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on visuospatial attention bias. We examined line bisection performance at rest before exercise and then immediately after exercise in 20 young adults. Pre-exercise, there was a larger leftward bias in subjective midpoint judgment of all participants than post-exercise (p < .001). Thus, leftward error magnitude decreased according to aerobic exercise, as there were rightward shifts after the exercise. The participants' performancse were modulated by the hand used to perform manual bisection tasks (p < .02). Participants erred to the left of the true midpoint with the non-dominant hand and to the right of the true midpoint with the dominant hand. The use of the non-dominant hand led to greater leftward error than the errors obtained using the dominant hand, though there was no interaction effect between hand use and effort. These findings suggest that moderate aerobic exercise can benefit visuospatial attention in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Ghamgui
- Humanities and Social Sciences, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Dahmen
- Humanities and Social Sciences, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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2
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Bultitude JH, Ten Brink AF. Exploring bias in horizontal and vertical spatial representations using mental number lines and the greyscales task. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 243:104115. [PMID: 38228071 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
People have a leftward bias when making visuospatial judgements about horizontally arranged stimuli ("pseudoneglect"), and a superior bias when making visuospatial judgements about vertically arranged stimuli. The leftward visuospatial bias in physical space seems to extend to the mental representation of space. However, whether any bias exists in mental representation of vertical space is unknown. We investigated whether people show a visuospatial bias in the mental representation of vertical space, and if any bias in mental representations of horizontal and vertical space related to the extent of bias in physical space. Participants (n = 171) were presented with three numbers and asked which interval was smaller/larger (counterbalanced): the interval between the first and middle, or middle and last number. Participants were instructed to either think of the numbers as houses on a street or as floors of a building, or were given no imagery instructions. Participants in the houses on a street condition showed a leftward bias, but there was no superior bias in the floors of a building condition. In contrast, we replicated previous findings of leftward and superior bias on greyscales tasks. Our findings reinforce previous evidence that numbers are represented horizontally and ascending left to right by default.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet H Bultitude
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom; Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
| | - Antonia F Ten Brink
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom; Centre for Pain Research, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom; Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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3
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Yamashita H. Impact of aging on perceptual asymmetries for horizontal and vertical stimuli in the greyscales task. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023; 30:143-152. [PMID: 33962525 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2021.1917577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Through the paper version of the grayscale task, this study examines the impact of aging and gender on horizontal and vertical pseudoneglect in healthy right-handed Japanese people. Participants included 168 (84 women and 84 men) healthy right-handed participants between the ages of 18 and 85, which were divided into three age cohorts (i.e., young, middle, and older). When administering the task, in the horizontal condition, the stimulus set of the grayscale task waspositioned at the center of the desk. In the vertical condition, the stimulus set was placed at the participants' eye level on the front screen. A reliable left bias was observed across all age groups in the horizontal task, although individual differences in the young group were significant. Moreover, gender differences and age-gender interactions were not confirmed. Similarly, in the vertical task, an upward bias was identified in both women and men across all age groups. Furthermore, there was a weak correlation between the horizontal and vertical bias index. These results were inconsistent with those of a previous study and other research using manual line bisection and landmark tasks. Further, we comprehensively deliberated on the cognitive/neural basis of horizontal and vertical pseudoneglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Yamashita
- Faculty of Education, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Kashiwara, Japan
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4
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Farron N, Clarke S, Crottaz-Herbette S. Does hand modulate the reshaping of the attentional system during rightward prism adaptation? An fMRI study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:909815. [PMID: 35967619 PMCID: PMC9363778 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.909815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to right-deviating prisms (R-PA), that is, learning to point with the right hand to targets perceived through prisms, has been shown to change spatial topography within the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) by increasing responses to left, central, and right targets on the left hemisphere and decreasing responses to right and central targets on the right hemisphere. As pointed out previously, this corresponds to a switch of the dominance of the ventral attentional network from the right to the left hemisphere. Since the encoding of hand movements in pointing paradigms is side-dependent, the choice of right vs. left hand for pointing during R-PA may influence the visuomotor adaptation process and hence the reshaping of the attentional system. We have tested this hypothesis in normal subjects by comparing activation patterns to visual targets in left, central, and right fields elicited before and after adaptation to rightward-deviating prisms using the right hand (RWRH) with those in two control groups. The first control group underwent adaptation to rightward-deviating prisms using the left hand, whereas the second control group underwent adaptation to leftward-deviating prisms using the right hand. The present study confirmed the previously described enhancement of left and central visual field representation within left IPL following R-PA. It further showed that the use of right vs. left hand during adaptation modulates this enhancement in some but not all parts of the left IPL. Interestingly, in some clusters identified in this study, L-PA with right hand mimics partially the effect of R-PA by enhancing activation elicited by left stimuli in the left IPL and by decreasing activation elicited by right stimuli in the right IPL. Thus, the use of right vs. left hand modulates the R-PA-induced reshaping of the ventral attentional system. Whether the choice of hand during R-PA affects also the reshaping of the dorsal attentional system remains to be determined as well as possible clinical applications of this approach. Depending on the patients' conditions, using the right or the left hand during PA might potentiate the beneficial effects of this intervention.
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5
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Kirimoto H, Watanabe T, Kubo N, Date S, Sunagawa T, Mima T, Ogata K, Nakazono H, Tobimatsu S, Oliviero A. Influence of Static Magnetic Field Stimulation on the Accuracy of Tachystoscopically Presented Line Bisection. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10121006. [PMID: 33352946 PMCID: PMC7766566 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10121006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcranial static magnetic stimulation (tSMS) has been known to reduce human cortical excitability. Here, we investigated whether tSMS would modulate visuo-spatial cognition in healthy humans. Subjects performed a visuo-spatial task requiring judgements about the symmetry of pre-bisected lines. Visual stimuli consisted of symmetrically or asymmetrically transected lines, tachystoscopically presented for 150 ms on a computer monitor. Task performance was examined before, immediately after, and 10 min after tSMS/sham stimulation of 20 min over the posterior parietal cortex (PPC: P4 from the international 10-20 system) or superior temporal gyrus (STG: C6). Nine out of 16 subjects misjudged pre-bisected lines by consistently underestimating the length of the right-side segment (judging lines to be exactly pre-bisected when the transector was located to the left of the midpoint, or judging the left-side segment to be longer when the transector was located at the midpoint). In these subjects showing a leftward bias, tSMS over the right STG reduced the magnitude of the leftward bias. This did not occur with tSMS over the right PPC or sham stimulation. In the remaining right-biased subjects, no intervention effect was observed with any stimulation. Our findings indicate that application of tSMS over the right STG modulates visuo-spatial cognition in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Kirimoto
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (T.W.); (N.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Tatsunori Watanabe
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (T.W.); (N.K.)
| | - Nami Kubo
- Department of Sensorimotor Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (T.W.); (N.K.)
| | - Shota Date
- Department of Analysis and Control of Upper Extremity Function, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (S.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Toru Sunagawa
- Department of Analysis and Control of Upper Extremity Function, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 7348553, Japan; (S.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Tatsuya Mima
- Graduate School of Core Ethics and Frontier Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto 6038577, Japan;
| | - Katsuya Ogata
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8318501, Japan;
| | - Hisato Nakazono
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8140001, Japan; (H.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Shozo Tobimatsu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka 8140001, Japan; (H.N.); (S.T.)
| | - Antonio Oliviero
- FENNSI Group, Hospital Nacional de Paraple’jicos, SESCAM, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
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Gray OJ, McFarquhar M, Montaldi D. A reassessment of the pseudoneglect effect: Attention allocation systems are selectively engaged by semantic and spatial processing. J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 2020; 47:223-237. [PMID: 33271044 PMCID: PMC7818672 DOI: 10.1037/xhp0000882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Healthy individuals display systematic inaccuracies when allocating attention to perceptual space. Under many conditions, optimized spatial attention processing of the right hemisphere’s frontoparietal attention network directs more attention to the left side of perceptual space than the right. This is the pseudoneglect effect. We present evidence reshaping our fundamental understanding of this neural mechanism. We describe a previously unrecognized, but reliable, attention bias to the right side of perceptual space that is associated with semantic object processing. Using an object bisection task, we revealed a significant rightward bias distinct from the leftward bias elicited by the traditional line bisection task. In Experiment 2, object-like shapes that were not easily recognizable exhibited an attention bias between that of horizontal lines and objects. Our results support our proposal that the rightward attention bias is a product of semantic processing and its lateralization in the left hemisphere. In Experiment 3, our novel object-based adaptation of the landmark task further supported this proposition and revealed temporal dynamics of the effect. This research provides novel and crucial insight into the systems supporting intricate and complex attention allocation and provides impetus for a shift toward studying attention in ways that increasingly reflect our complex environments. This study describes a previously unrecognized but reliable spatial attention bias that is associated with the processing of the semantic meaning of objects. This counters the spatial attention bias well-known as the pseudoneglect effect. Our findings implicate a crucial role for the understudied left frontoparietal cortex in distributing attention, and open new, exciting areas for research. This work also reveals a mechanism that potentially enables our attention to be directed equally to different areas of space in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Gray
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - Martyn McFarquhar
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester
| | - Daniela Montaldi
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester
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7
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Rodway P, Schepman A. A leftward bias for the arrangement of consumer items that differ in attractiveness. Laterality 2020; 25:599-619. [DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2020.1783281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rodway
- School of Psychology, University of Chester, Chester, UK
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8
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Wearing prisms to hear differently: After-effects of prism adaptation on auditory perception. Cortex 2019; 115:123-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Chieffi S. Dysfunction of Magnocellular/dorsal Processing Stream in Schizophrenia. CURRENT PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573400515666190119163522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Patients with schizophrenia show not only cognitive, but also perceptual
deficits. Perceptual deficits may affect different sensory modalities. Among these, the impairment of
visual information processing is of particular relevance as demonstrated by the high incidence of
visual disturbances. In recent years, the study of neurophysiological mechanisms that underlie
visuo-perceptual, -spatial and -motor disorders in schizophrenia has increasingly attracted the
interest of researchers.
Objective:
The study aims to review the existent literature on magnocellular/dorsal (occipitoparietal)
visual processing stream impairment in schizophrenia. The impairment of relatively early stages of
visual information processing was examined using experimental paradigms such as backward masking,
contrast sensitivity, contour detection, and perceptual closure. The deficits of late processing
stages were detected by examining visuo-spatial and -motor abilities.
Results:
Neurophysiological and behavioral studies support the existence of deficits in the
processing of visual information along the magnocellular/dorsal pathway. These deficits appear to
affect both early and late stages of visual information processing.
Conclusion:
The existence of disturbances in the early processing of visual information along the
magnocellular/dorsal pathway is strongly supported by neurophysiological and behavioral observations.
Early magnocellular dysfunction may provide a substrate for late dorsal processing impairment
as well as higher-level cognition deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Chieffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania , Italy
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10
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Asenova IV, Andonova-Tsvetanova YR. Examining handedness and sex-related effects on line-bisection in childhood. PSYCHOLOGICAL THOUGHT 2019. [DOI: 10.5964/psyct.v12i1.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Eighty-eight Bulgarian children (range 5 – 7 years old), 40 left handers (18 boys) and 48 right handers (26 boys), completed line-bisection test one time with each hand. In accordance with previous studies the results show that the majority of children demonstrated deviation to the left of the true center with the left hand and to the right with the right hand, suggesting symmetrical neglect. Sex, handedness and their interaction had no main effect on mean percentage deviation scores at the group level, but only sex had a significant impact on the frequency of symmetrical neglect (p < .05), with higher one in girls than in boys.
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11
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O'Regan L, Serrien DJ. Individual Differences and Hemispheric Asymmetries for Language and Spatial Attention. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:380. [PMID: 30337864 PMCID: PMC6180149 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Language and spatial processing are cognitive functions that are asymmetrically distributed across both cerebral hemispheres. In the present study, we compare left- and right-handers on word comprehension using a divided visual field paradigm and spatial attention using a landmark task. We investigate hemispheric asymmetries by assessing the participants' behavioral metrics; response accuracy, reaction time and their laterality index. The data showed that right-handers benefitted more from left-hemispheric lateralization for language comprehension and right-hemispheric lateralization for spatial attention than left-handers. Furthermore, left-handers demonstrated a more variable distribution across both hemispheres, supporting a less focal profile of functional brain organization. Taken together, the results underline that handedness distinctively modulates hemispheric processing and behavioral performance during verbal and nonverbal tasks. In particular, typical lateralization is most prevalent for right-handers whereas atypical lateralization is more evident for left-handers. These insights contribute to the understanding of individual variation of brain asymmetries and the mechanisms related to changes in cerebral dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise O'Regan
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah J Serrien
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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12
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Ochando A, Zago L. What Are the Contributions of Handedness, Sighting Dominance, Hand Used to Bisect, and Visuospatial Line Processing to the Behavioral Line Bisection Bias? Front Psychol 2018; 9:1688. [PMID: 30258382 PMCID: PMC6143685 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In a sample of 60 French participants, we examined whether the variability in the behavioral deviation measured during the classical "paper and pencil" line bisection task was explained by individual laterality factors such as handedness and eye sighting dominance, as well as the hand used to bisect, and the spatial position of the line to bisect. The results showed the expected main effects of line position and hand used to bisect, as well as some interactions between factors. Specifically, the effect of the hand used to bisect on the deviation bias was different as a function of handedness and line position. In right-handers, there was a strong difference between the biases elicited by each hand, producing a hand-used asymmetry, observed for each spatial position of the line. In left-handers, there was no difference in deviation as a function of hand used to perform the bisection, except when all factors triggered attention toward the left side such as bisecting left-displaced lines, with the left dominant hand, producing a strong leftward deviation as compared to the reduced bias exhibited with the right non-dominant hand. Finally, the eye sighting dominance interacted with handedness and line position. Left-handers with a right sighting dominance showed a leftward bias when they bisected left-displaced lines, while right-handers with a left sighting dominance showed an inversed bias when they bisected rightward lines. Taken together, these findings suggest that the behavioral deviation bias relies on the integration of the hemispheric weights of the visuospatial processing of the stimuli, and the motoric component of the hand used to bisect, as well as those linked to individual laterality factors. When all these factors producing asymmetric cerebral activation coincide in the same direction, then their joint effect will provide the strongest asymmetric behavioral biases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Ochando
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5293, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5293, CEA, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5293, Team 5: GIN Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laure Zago
- UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5293, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5293, CEA, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
- UMR 5293, Team 5: GIN Groupe d’Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Patro K, Nuerk HC, Brugger P. Visuospatial biases in preschool children: Evidence from line bisection in three-dimensional space. J Exp Child Psychol 2018; 173:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Spatial grounding of symbolic arithmetic: an investigation with optokinetic stimulation. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 83:64-83. [PMID: 30022242 PMCID: PMC6373542 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-1053-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that mental calculation might involve movements of attention along a spatial representation of numerical magnitude. Addition and subtraction on nonsymbolic numbers (numerosities) seem to induce a “momentum” effect, and have been linked to distinct patterns of neural activity in cortical regions subserving attention and eye movements. We investigated whether mental arithmetic on symbolic numbers, a cornerstone of abstract mathematical reasoning, can be affected by the manipulation of overt spatial attention induced by optokinetic stimulation (OKS). Participants performed additions or subtractions of auditory two-digit numbers during horizontal (experiment 1) or vertical OKS (experiment 2), and eye movements were concurrently recorded. In both experiments, the results of addition problems were underestimated, whereas results of subtractions were overestimated (a pattern that is opposite to the classic Operational Momentum effect). While this tendency was unaffected by OKS, vertical OKS modulated the occurrence of decade errors during subtractions (i.e., fewer during downward OKS and more frequent during upward OKS). Eye movements, on top of the classic effect induced by OKS, were affected by the type of operation during the calculation phase, with subtraction consistently leading to a downward shift of gaze position and addition leading to an upward shift. These results highlight the pervasive nature of spatial processing in mental arithmetic. Furthermore, the preeminent effect of vertical OKS is in line with the hypothesis that the vertical dimension of space–number associations is grounded in universal (physical) constraints and, thereby, more robust than situated and culture-dependent associations with the horizontal dimension.
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15
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Rodway P, Schepman A, Crossley B, Lee J. A leftward perceptual asymmetry when judging the attractiveness of visual patterns. Laterality 2018; 24:1-25. [PMID: 29658376 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2018.1461897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Perceptual judgements concerning the magnitude of a stimulus feature are typically influenced more by the left side of the stimulus than by the right side. This research examined whether the leftward bias also applies to judgements of the attractiveness of abstract visual patterns. Across four experiments participants chose between two versions of a stimulus which either had an attractive left side or an attractive right side. Experiments 1 and 2 presented artworks and experiments 3 and 4 presented wallpaper designs. In each experiment participants showed a significant bias to choose the stimulus with an attractive left side more than the stimulus with an attractive right side. The leftward bias emerged at age 10/11, was not caused by a systematic asymmetry in the perception of colourfulness or complexity, and was stronger when the difference in attractiveness between the left and right sides was larger. The results are relevant to the aesthetics of product and packaging design and show that leftward biases extend to the perceptual judgement of everyday items. Possible causes of the leftward bias for attractiveness judgements are discussed and it is suggested that the size of the bias may not be a measure of the degree of hemispheric specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Rodway
- a Department of Psychology , University of Chester , Chester , UK
| | - Astrid Schepman
- a Department of Psychology , University of Chester , Chester , UK
| | - Becky Crossley
- a Department of Psychology , University of Chester , Chester , UK
| | - Jennifer Lee
- a Department of Psychology , University of Chester , Chester , UK
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16
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Brignani D, Bagattini C, Mazza V. Pseudoneglect is maintained in aging but not in mild Alzheimer's disease: new insights from an enumeration task. Neuropsychologia 2018; 111:276-283. [PMID: 29428770 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Neurologically healthy young adults display a behavioral bias, called pseudoneglect, which favors the processing of stimuli appearing in the left visual field. Pseudoneglect arises from the right hemisphere dominance for visuospatial attention. Previous studies investigating the effects of normal aging on pseudoneglect in line bisection and greyscale tasks have produced divergent results. In addition, scarce systematic investigations of visual biases in dementia have been reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the leftward bias appearing during an enumeration task in young adults would be preserved in normal aging and at different stages of severity of Alzheimer's disease. In Experiment 1, young and older healthy adults showed a comparable pseudoneglect, performing better when targets appeared in the left visual field. In Experiment 2, the leftward bias was maintained in amnesic mild cognitive impairment patients (aMCI), but it vanished in mild Alzheimer's disease patients (AD). The maintenance of pseudoneglect in normal aging and in aMCI patients is consistent with compensatory phenomena involving the right fronto-parietal network, which allow maintaining the right hemisphere dominance. Conversely, the lack of pseudoneglect in the sample of AD patients likely results from a loss of the right hemisphere dominance, caused by the selective degeneration of the right fronto-parietal network. These results highlight the need of further systematic investigations of visuospatial biases along the continuum of normal and pathological aging, both for a better understanding of the changes characterizing cognitive aging and for improvements in the evaluation of neglect in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Brignani
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Bagattini
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Veronica Mazza
- IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy; Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Corso Bettini 31, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
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17
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Aksentijevic A, Elliott MA. Local spatial distortion caused by simple geometrical figures. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2017; 70:1535-1548. [DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2016.1192657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic distortion of the visual field has been shown to affect perceptual judgment of visual dimensions such as size, length, and distance. Here, we report four experiments demonstrating that the different aspects of a triangle differently influence judgments of distance. Specifically, when the base of the triangle faces the centre of the display, participants consistently underestimate and overestimate the distance of a small dot from the unmarked centre of the display relative to conditions in which the vertex of the triangle faces the centre. When the dot is close to the figure, the distance of the dot to the centre is underestimated. Conversely, when the dot is close to the figure, the distance to the centre is overestimated. The effect is replicated when the internal distances are equalized and when ellipses are used instead of triangles. These results support a ripple model of spatial distortion in which local curvature acts to attract or repel objects. In conclusion, we suggest some implications of our findings for theories of perceptual organization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark A. Elliott
- Faculty for Science and Technology, Sunway University, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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18
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Eardley AF, Darling S, Dumper P, Browne D, Van Velzen J. Related but different: Examining pseudoneglect in audition, touch and vision. Brain Cogn 2017; 113:164-171. [PMID: 28242465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although researchers have consistently demonstrated a leftward attentional bias in visual and representational (e.g. tactile/mental number line) line bisection tasks, the results from audition have been mixed. Differences in methodology between auditory and visual bisection tasks, especially with regards to the location of stimuli of peripersonal versus extrapersonal space, have also meant that researchers have not been able to compare performance in visual, tactile and auditory line bisection directly. In this research, 39 neurologically typical individuals participated in standard visual and tactile line bisection tasks, together with a newly developed auditory line bisection task. Results demonstrated significant leftward bisection biases across all three modalities. Hence, we demonstrate auditory pseudoneglect in peripersonal space for the first time. Tactile and auditory line bisections showed a relatively small but statistically reliable correlation, but neither task correlated with visual line bisection. This suggests that the processes underlying auditory line bisection are not synonymous to those involved in visual perceptual bisection, and further we argue that this bias may be related to representational pseudoneglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison F Eardley
- Psychology Department, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Stephen Darling
- Psychology Department, Memory Research Group, School of Arts and Social Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh EH21 6UU, UK.
| | - Paul Dumper
- Psychology Department, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - David Browne
- Psychology Department, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Jose Van Velzen
- Psychology Department, Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross, London SE14 6NW, UK.
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19
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Portex M, Foulin JN, Troadec B. Cultural influence on directional tendencies in children’s drawing. Laterality 2016; 22:621-640. [DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2016.1266363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Portex
- Laboratoire de Psychologie EA 4139, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Noël Foulin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie EA 4139, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bertrand Troadec
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Langues, Lettres, Arts et Sciences Humaines EA 4095, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane, Schoelcher, France
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic nature of the cortical visuospatial attention processes during the line bisection test, which is sensitive to perceptual asymmetries. EEGs of 26 normal volunteers were recorded during the administration of a computerized line bisection test, which requires participants mark the midline of lines using a mouse. Two event-related potentials subsequent and time locked to the line presentations, namely, P300 and a positive slow wave, were obtained. Findings suggested that both potentials were related to the test performance, and the right hemisphere was more active. Analysis suggested a right parietotemporal and superior parietal locus for the P300 and right prefrontal activity for the positive slow wave. A dynamic asymmetrical activity was identified, such that after primary visual perception, spatial processing is then initiated in the right parietotemporal cortex and then proceeds to the right prefrontal cortex.
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21
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Hartmann M. Non-musicians also have a piano in the head: evidence for spatial-musical associations from line bisection tracking. Cogn Process 2016; 18:75-80. [PMID: 27696101 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-016-0779-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The spatial representation of ordinal sequences (numbers, time, tones) seems to be a fundamental cognitive property. While an automatic association between horizontal space and pitch height (left-low pitch, right-high pitch) is constantly reported in musicians, the evidence for such an association in non-musicians is mixed. In this study, 20 non-musicians performed a line bisection task while listening to irrelevant high- and low-pitched tones and white noise (control condition). While pitch height had no influence on the final bisection point, participants' movement trajectories showed systematic biases: When approaching the line and touching the line for the first time (initial bisection point), the mouse cursor was directed more rightward for high-pitched tones compared to low-pitched tones and noise. These results show that non-musicians also have a subtle but nevertheless automatic association between pitch height and the horizontal space. This suggests that spatial-musical associations do not necessarily depend on constant sensorimotor experiences (as it is the case for musicians) but rather reflect the seemingly inescapable tendency to represent ordinal information on a horizontal line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hartmann
- Department of Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, CH-3000, Bern, Switzerland.
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22
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Drakul A, Bockisch CJ, Tarnutzer AA. Does gravity influence the visual line bisection task? J Neurophysiol 2016; 116:629-36. [PMID: 27226452 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00312.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual line bisection task (LBT) is sensitive to perceptual biases of visuospatial attention, showing slight leftward (for horizontal lines) and upward (for vertical lines) errors in healthy subjects. It may be solved in an egocentric or allocentric reference frame, and there is no obvious need for graviceptive input. However, for other visual line adjustments, such as the subjective visual vertical, otolith input is integrated. We hypothesized that graviceptive input is incorporated when performing the LBT and predicted reduced accuracy and precision when roll-tilted. Twenty healthy right-handed subjects repetitively bisected Earth-horizontal and body-horizontal lines in darkness. Recordings were obtained before, during, and after roll-tilt (±45°, ±90°) for 5 min each. Additionally, bisections of Earth-vertical and oblique lines were obtained in 17 subjects. When roll-tilted ±90° ear-down, bisections of Earth-horizontal (i.e., body-vertical) lines were shifted toward the direction of the head (P < 0.001). However, after correction for vertical line-bisection errors when upright, shifts disappeared. Bisecting body-horizontal lines while roll-tilted did not cause any shifts. The precision of Earth-horizontal line bisections decreased (P ≤ 0.006) when roll-tilted, while no such changes were observed for body-horizontal lines. Regardless of the trial condition and paradigm, the scanning direction of the bisecting cursor (leftward vs. rightward) significantly (P ≤ 0.021) affected line bisections. Our findings reject our hypothesis and suggest that gravity does not modulate the LBT. Roll-tilt-dependent shifts are instead explained by the headward bias when bisecting lines oriented along a body-vertical axis. Increased variability when roll-tilted likely reflects larger variability when bisecting body-vertical than body-horizontal lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drakul
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C J Bockisch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; and Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A A Tarnutzer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland;
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy L M Patston
- Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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24
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Adult developmental trajectories of pseudoneglect in the tactile, visual and auditory modalities and the influence of starting position and stimulus length. Brain Cogn 2016; 103:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hatin B, Sykes Tottenham L. What's in a line? Verbal, facial, and emotional influences on the line bisection task. Laterality 2016; 21:689-708. [PMID: 26847405 DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2015.1134562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In Bryden and MacRae's [(1988). Dichotic laterality effects obtained with emotional words. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology, 1(3), 171-176] dichotic listening task, attending to verbal (left hemisphere) or emotional (right hemisphere) auditory stimuli can result in opposite patterns of behaviour. We examined whether performance on the line bisection task might also be influenced in opposite ways by left- and right-lateralized functions. The line bisection task is a simple and effective measure of visuospatial bias. Pseudoneglect, a leftward bias, is typically found on this task, and appears to result from right hemisphere dominance for spatial processing. We investigated how emotion, verbal, and facial processing impacted line bisection performance, while also examining the influence of hand-use. Line type (face, word, and solid), valence (positive, negative, and neutral), and hand-use (left, right, and both) were manipulated. Results indicated that face and word lines decreased and increased the extent of pseudoneglect, respectively, and that valence accentuated these results. These results were in the opposite direction from our predictions. Hand-use had little influence. We discuss the impact that visual scanning, and local and global processing, may have had on line bisection performance. Until future research clarifies how lateralized functions affect line bisections, we suggest caution in adapting the line bisection task as a general measure of relative hemispheric activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Hatin
- a Department of Psychology , University of Regina , Saskatchewan , Canada
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Michel C. Beyond the Sensorimotor Plasticity: Cognitive Expansion of Prism Adaptation in Healthy Individuals. Front Psychol 2016; 6:1979. [PMID: 26779088 PMCID: PMC4700133 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensorimotor plasticity allows us to maintain an efficient motor behavior in reaction to environmental changes. One of the classical models for the study of sensorimotor plasticity is prism adaptation. It consists of pointing to visual targets while wearing prismatic lenses that shift the visual field laterally. The conditions of the development of the plasticity and the sensorimotor after-effects have been extensively studied for more than a century. However, the interest taken in this phenomenon was considerably increased since the demonstration of neglect rehabilitation following prism adaptation by Rossetti et al. (1998). Mirror effects, i.e., simulation of neglect in healthy individuals, were observed for the first time by Colent et al. (2000). The present review focuses on the expansion of prism adaptation to cognitive functions in healthy individuals during the last 15 years. Cognitive after-effects have been shown in numerous tasks even in those that are not intrinsically spatial in nature. Altogether, these results suggest the existence of a strong link between low-level sensorimotor plasticity and high-level cognitive functions and raise important questions about the mechanisms involved in producing unexpected cognitive effects following prism adaptation. Implications for the functional mechanisms and neuroanatomical network of prism adaptation are discussed to explain how sensorimotor plasticity may affect cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Michel
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives, Campus Universitaire, Université de BourgogneDijon, France
- INSERM, U 1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité SensorimotriceDijon, France
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27
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Szelest I, Elias LJ. Lower-right and upper-left biases within upper and lower visual fields in a circular array task. Percept Mot Skills 2014; 119:861-79. [PMID: 25375827 DOI: 10.2466/24.27.pms.119c26z7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Visuospatial performance varies along the horizontal and vertical dimensions, resulting in behavioral biases such as pseudoneglect. The interaction between the horizontal and vertical attentional biases was investigated using a novel circular array task capable of conveying relative brightness information across vertical and horizontal dimensions simultaneously. In a novel circular array task comprised of six discs, the grayscale gradient was disrupted by switching two grayscale values within the array. Leftward biases were observed in the lower visual fields and rightward biases in the upper visual fields. More importantly, the magnitude of bias within the upper/lower horizontal dimension altered depending on the relative position of the stimuli along horizontal and vertical axes within each dimension. Manipulating the upper-most and leftward discs yield stronger biases than manipulating rightward discs. Furthermore, stronger biases were observed during bottom and rightward disc manipulation. The upper-left and lower-right biases within the horizontal dimension indicate that the interactions between the horizontal and vertical biases may not rely simply on the dichotomy within the horizontal and vertical dimensions, but also on the relative spatial distribution of stimuli within these dimensions.
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28
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Friedrich TE, Elias LJ. Behavioural asymmetries on the greyscales task: The influence of native reading direction. CULTURE AND BRAIN 2014; 2:161-172. [PMID: 25505645 PMCID: PMC4256519 DOI: 10.1007/s40167-014-0019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reliable leftward attentional and perceptual biases demonstrated in a variety of visuospatial tasks have been found to deviate from the left in research examining the influence of scanning habits. The aim of the current research was to examine the influence of native script direction on pseudoneglect during the greyscales task in a representative sample of native right-to-left readers. Fifty-four native left-to-right readers and 43 right-to-left readers completed the greyscales task, which required judging the darker of two left-right mirrored brightness gradients. Native left-to-right readers demonstrated a left response bias on the greyscales task, whereas right-to-left readers failed to demonstrate a bias, however, both groups responded more quickly when making leftward choices. The research suggests that the strength of attentional biases are influenced by behavioural biases, such as scanning habits, and neural and anatomical asymmetries in the right parietal and frontal cortices. Thus, to improve the clinical utility of the greyscales task for diagnosing neglect, right-to-left readers should be examined to fully understand the normal range of biases displayed by neurologically healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trista E. Friedrich
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A5 Canada
| | - Lorin J. Elias
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, 9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A5 Canada
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29
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Nicholls MER, Roden S, Thomas NA, Loetscher T, Spence CJ, Forte JD. Close to me: the effect of asymmetrical environments on spatial attention. ERGONOMICS 2014; 57:876-885. [PMID: 24665985 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2014.899633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Attention can be captured by distractors and can affect performance. To examine whether asymmetrical distractors, such as a wall, affect spatial attention, Experiment 1 required participants (n = 20) to determine the relative length of pre-bisected lines when a temporary barrier was placed close to the left or right sides of the display. Post-hoc tests showed that attention was drawn towards left, but not right, walls. Experiment 2 (n = 18) sought to increase this effect using a solid brick wall rather than a temporary barrier. Instead of strengthening the result, no effect of barrier was observed. A non-effect was also observed in Experiment 3 (n = 18) when participants moved a cursor to the line's middle. Finally, Experiment 4 (n = 26) showed that asymmetrical barriers had no effect on visual search. While the data showed some evidence that attention is distracted by walls placed to the left, this effect is weak and task-specific. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY The ability to monitor critical information on displays can be affected by asymmetrical distractors. In many workplaces, a display may be placed alongside a wall. This study explored whether a wall placed to the left/right affects spatial attention. A weak, task-specific, attraction effect was observed for walls on the left.
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30
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Representational pseudoneglect: a review. Neuropsychol Rev 2014; 24:148-65. [PMID: 24414221 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-013-9245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pseudoneglect, the tendency to be biased towards the left-hand side of space, is a robust and consistent behavioural observation best demonstrated on the task of visuospatial line bisection, where participants are asked to centrally bisect visually presented horizontal lines at the perceived centre. A number of studies have revealed that a representational form of pseudoneglect exists, occurring when participants are asked to either mentally represent a stimulus or explore a stimulus using touch in the complete absence of direct visuospatial processing. Despite the growing number of studies that have demonstrated representational pseudoneglect there exists no current and comprehensive review of these findings and no discussion of a theoretical framework into which these findings may fall. An important gap in the current representational pseudoneglect literature is a discussion of the developmental trajectory of the bias. The focus of the current review is to outline studies that have observed representational pseudoneglect in healthy participants, consider a theoretical framework for these observations, and address the impact of lifespan factors such as cognitive ageing on the phenomenon.
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31
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Najt P, Bayer U, Hausmann M. Right fronto-parietal dysfunction underlying spatial attention in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2013; 210:479-84. [PMID: 23916624 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although the neural underpinning of bipolar disorder (BD) is still unknown, recent research suggests that the right fronto-parietal cortex is particularly affected in BD patients. If this were true, we would expect atypical functional cerebral asymmetries in allocation of visuospatial attention. To test this hypothesis, euthymic BD patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls were compared on the visual line-bisection task, a reliable measure of visuospatial attention, associated with right parietal function. Line bisection performance (i.e. absolute and directional bias) was compared between groups as a function of response hand and line position. The results showed a typical hand-use effect in healthy controls involving a larger leftward bias (i.e. pseudoneglect) with the left hand than with the right hand. Although euthymic BD patients did not differ from healthy controls in the overall accuracy (i.e. absolute bias), they differed significantly in the directional line bisection bias. In contrast to healthy controls, BD patients did not significantly deviate from the veridical center, regardless of which hand was used to bisect horizontal lines. This finding indicates an atypical functional cerebral asymmetry in visuospatial attention in euthymic BD patients, supporting the idea of a dysfunction especially in the right fronto-parietal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Najt
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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32
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Cavézian C, Michel C, Rossetti Y, Danckert J, d'Amato T, Saoud M. Visuospatial processing in schizophrenia: does it share common mechanisms with pseudoneglect? Laterality 2012; 16:433-61. [PMID: 22304235 DOI: 10.1080/13576501003762758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia patients demonstrate behavioural and cerebral lateralised anomalies, prompting some authors to suggest they exhibit a mild form of right unilateral neglect. To better describe and understand lateralised visuospatial anomalies in schizophrenia, three experiments were run using tasks often utilised to study visuospatial processing in healthy individuals and in neglect patients: the Behavioural Inattention Test (BIT), the manual line bisection task with and without a local cueing paradigm, the landmark task (or line bisection judgement), and the number bisection task. Although the schizophrenia patients did not exhibit the full-blown neglect syndrome, they did demonstrate marked spatial biases that differentiated them from controls on all but two tasks. More specifically, schizophrenia patients showed neither a simple perceptual deficit nor an asymmetry, but demonstrated (1) lateralised anomalies on a simple manual line bisection task; (2) unilateral attentional deficits for line bisection within a local cueing paradigm; and (3) a lateralised deficit in the visuospatial representations of numbers. Altogether, these results suggest a right hemineglect-like deficit in schizophrenia in attentional, representational, and motor-intentional processes. Yet it does not appear to be as strong a phenomenon. Indeed, it could be considered as an accentuation of the normal asymmetry in visuospatial processing.
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33
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The relationship between collisions and pseudoneglect: Is it right? Cortex 2012; 48:997-1008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2011.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Suavansri K, Falchook AD, Williamson JB, Heilman KM. Right up there: Hemispatial and hand asymmetries of altitudinal pseudoneglect. Brain Cogn 2012; 79:216-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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35
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Thomas NA, Elias LJ. Perceptual asymmetries in greyscales: Object-based versus space-based influences. Cortex 2012; 48:553-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2010.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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36
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Leibovitch FS, Vasquez BP, Ebert PL, Beresford KL, Black SE. A short bedside battery for visuoconstructive hemispatial neglect: Sunnybrook Neglect Assessment Procedure (SNAP). J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2012; 34:359-68. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2011.645016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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37
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Brooks JL, Logie RH, McIntosh R, Sala SD. Representational Pseudoneglect in an Auditory-Driven Spatial Working Memory Task. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2011; 64:2168-80. [DOI: 10.1080/17470218.2011.575948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments explored lateralized biases in mental representations of matrix patterns formed from aural verbal descriptions. Healthy participants listened, either monaurally or binaurally, to verbal descriptions of 6 by 3 matrix patterns and were asked to form a mental representation of each pattern. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to judge which half of the matrix, left or right, contained more filled cells and to rate the certainty of their judgement. Participants tended to judge that the left side was fuller than the right and showed significantly greater certainty when judging patterns that were fuller on the left. This tendency was particularly strong for left-ear presentation. In Experiment 2, participants conducted the same task as that in Experiment 1 but were also asked to recall the pattern for the side judged as fuller. Participants were again more certain in judging patterns that were fuller on the left—particularly for left-ear presentation—but were no more accurate in remembering the details from the left. These results suggest that the left side of the mental representation was represented more saliently but it was not remembered more accurately. We refer to this lateralized bias as “representational pseudoneglect”. Results are discussed in terms of theories of visuospatial working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L. Brooks
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Universita' Suor Orsola Benincasa, Naples, Italy
| | - Robert H. Logie
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert McIntosh
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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38
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The effect of central (macula) sparing on contralateral line bisection bias: A study with virtual hemianopia. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:3377-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Brooks JL, Sala SD, Logie RH. Tactile rod bisection in the absence of visuo-spatial processing in children, mid-age and older adults. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:3392-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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40
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Hurwitz M, Valadao D, Danckert J. Functional MRI of dynamic judgments of spatial extent. Exp Brain Res 2011; 214:61-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-011-2806-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Thomas NA, Elias LJ. Upper and lower visual field differences in perceptual asymmetries. Brain Res 2011; 1387:108-15. [PMID: 21362412 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Static versus dynamic judgments of spatial extent. Exp Brain Res 2011; 209:271-86. [PMID: 21279336 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-011-2539-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Megreya AM, Havard C. Left face matching bias: Right hemisphere dominance or scanning habits? Laterality 2011; 16:75-92. [DOI: 10.1080/13576500903213755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Valadao DF, Hurwitz M, Danckert J. Examining the influence of ‘noise’ on judgements of spatial extent. Exp Brain Res 2010; 207:157-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-010-2449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 09/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dopaminergic genotype influences spatial bias in healthy adults. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:2458-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Sosa Y, Teder-Sälejärvi WA, McCourt ME. Biases of spatial attention in vision and audition. Brain Cogn 2010; 73:229-35. [PMID: 20566234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2009] [Revised: 04/18/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurologically normal observers misperceive the midpoint of horizontal lines as systematically leftward of veridical center, a phenomenon known as pseudoneglect. Pseudoneglect is attributed to a tonic asymmetry of visuospatial attention favoring left hemispace. Whereas visuospatial attention is biased toward left hemispace, some evidence suggests that audiospatial attention may possess a right hemispatial bias. If spatial attention is supramodal, then the leftward bias observed in visual line bisection should also be expressed in auditory bisection tasks. If spatial attention is modality specific then bisection errors in visual and auditory spatial judgments are potentially dissociable. Subjects performed a bisection task for spatial intervals defined by auditory stimuli, as well as a tachistoscopic visual line bisection task. Subjects showed a significant leftward bias in the visual line bisection task and a significant rightward bias in the auditory interval bisection task. Performance across both tasks was, however, significantly positively correlated. These results imply the existence of both modality specific and supramodal attentional mechanisms where visuospatial attention has a prepotent leftward vector and audiospatial attention has a prepotent rightward vector of attention. In addition, the biases of both visuospatial and audiospatial attention are correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamaya Sosa
- Center for Visual Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, USA
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Mitra AR, Abegg M, Viswanathan J, Barton JJ. Line bisection in simulated homonymous hemianopia. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:1742-9. [PMID: 20188749 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Brodie EE. Reflecting upon line bisection: Mirror reversal increases the magnitude of pseudoneglect. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:1517-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Revised: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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49
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Abstract
A space-based dissociation has been observed in clinical hemineglect, wherein neglect can be specific to either peripersonal or extrapersonal space. This same dissociation might occur in pseudoneglect, where both space-based and visual field differences have been observed. Upper and bottom visual field differences were examined within-subjects (N = 39), by presenting the greyscales task in both peripersonal and extrapersonal space. The leftward bias was strongest in the bottom visual field; however, no space-based differences were observed. It appears that perceptual biases differ between the upper and bottom visual fields, but this is not related to space-based perceptual biases.
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McKechnie JG, Brodie EE. Hand and hand preferences in use of a visual analogue scale. Percept Mot Skills 2009; 107:643-50. [PMID: 19235396 DOI: 10.2466/pms.107.3.643-650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Visual analogue scales are commonly used to measure the intensity of sensations, and their validity and reliability have been reported. However, biases similar to those found in visual line bisection have not been investigated. 23 right-handed and 19 left-handed participants, with a mean age of 30.1 yr., marked three points on a visual analogue scale representing imagined pain, using both the left and right hands, corresponding to 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 of the way across the scale. In keeping with visual line bisection literature, both right- and left-handed participants marked the scale with the left hand significantly leftward of the point marked with the right hand, thereby underreporting the intensity. Right-handed participants marked 1/4 significantly leftward and 3/4 significantly rightward of veridical points, thereby underreporting and overreporting, respectively, the intensity. However, left-handed participants did not display this bias and consistently erred leftward for 1/4, 1/2, and 3/4 positions, underreporting intensity. These findings were explained in terms of hemispheric specialisation and activation for a manual response to a visuospatial task, with the conclusion that scoring the visual analogue scale to millimetre accuracy is subject to a potential confound of these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqui G McKechnie
- Department of Psychology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd., Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
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