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Mamiya PC, Matray-Devoti J, Fisher H, Wagner GC. Mice increased target biting behaviors 24 h after co-administration of alcohol and fluoxetine. Brain Res 2017; 1662:110-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Morrison TR, Sikes RW, Melloni RH. Anabolic steroids alter the physiological activity of aggression circuits in the lateral anterior hypothalamus. Neuroscience 2015; 315:1-17. [PMID: 26691962 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Syrian hamsters exposed to anabolic/androgenic steroids (AAS) during adolescence consistently show increased aggressive behavior across studies. Although the behavioral and anatomical profiles of AAS-induced alterations have been well characterized, there is a lack of data describing physiological changes that accompany these alterations. For instance, behavioral pharmacology and neuroanatomical studies show that AAS-induced changes in the vasopressin (AVP) neural system within the latero-anterior hypothalamus (LAH) interact with the serotonin (5HT) and dopamine (DA) systems to modulate aggression. To characterize the electrophysiological profile of the AAS aggression circuit, we recorded LAH neurons in adolescent male hamsters in vivo and microiontophoretically applied agonists and antagonists of aggressive behavior. The interspike interval (ISI) of neurons from AAS-treated animals correlated positively with aggressive behaviors, and adolescent AAS exposure altered parameters of activity in regular firing neurons while also changing the proportion of neuron types (i.e., bursting, regular, irregular). AAS-treated animals had more responsive neurons that were excited by AVP application, while cells from control animals showed the opposite effect and were predominantly inhibited by AVP. Both DA D2 antagonists and 5HT increased the firing frequency of AVP-responsive cells from AAS animals and dual application of AVP and D2 antagonists doubled the excitatory effect of AVP or D2 antagonist administration alone. These data suggest that multiple DA circuits in the LAH modulate AAS-induced aggressive responding. More broadly, these data show that multiple neurochemical interactions at the neurophysiological level are altered by adolescent AAS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Morrison
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - R W Sikes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation, and Movement Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - R H Melloni
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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Scotti MAL, Rendon NM, Greives TJ, Romeo RD, Demas GE. Short-day aggression is independent of changes in cortisol or glucocorticoid receptors in male Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 323:331-41. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikki M. Rendon
- Department of Biology; Program in Neuroscience; Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior, Indiana University; Bloomington Indiana
| | - Timothy J. Greives
- Department of Biological Sciences; North Dakota State University; Fargo North Dakota
| | - Russell D. Romeo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and Behavior Program; Barnard College of Columbia University; New York New York
| | - Gregory E. Demas
- Department of Biology; Program in Neuroscience; Center for the Integrative Study of Animal Behavior, Indiana University; Bloomington Indiana
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Abstract
AbstractThe concept of dominance is used in the behavioral and biological sciences to describe outcomes in a variety of competitive interactions. In some taxa, a history of agonistic encounters among individuals modifies the course of future agonistic encounters such that the existence of a certain type of relationship can be inferred. If one is to characterize such relationships as dominance, however, then they must be distinguished from other kinds of interaction patterns for which the term tends to be used, as well as from factors such as territoriality and "trained" winners and losers, which may also influence the expression of agonistic behavior. Operational definitions based on causal, functional, evolutionary, and ontogenetic considerations have been proposed. Reliability and validity problems have been discussed, but the dominance concept has proved useful despite methodological difficulties. The confusion of dominance relationships (which involve two or more individuals) with dominance ranks (which are assigned to a single individual) has obscured the possible evolutionary basis of dominance relationships. If benefits accrue to dominant members of pairs, then those attributes which allow an animal to establish dominance can be selected. Dominance per se and dominance ranks, on the other hand, cannot be genetically transmitted since they constitute relationships with other individuals rather than absolute attributes. Dominance rankings in particular may be useful for describing behavioral patterns within a group, but they may reflect our own ability to count rather than any important variable in social organization.
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Changes in attack behavior and activity in EphA5 knockout mice. Brain Res 2008; 1205:91-9. [PMID: 18353288 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During development, Eph tyrosine kinase receptors and their ephrin ligands function as axon guidance molecules while, in adults, these molecules appear to be involved in the regulation of neural plasticity and emotion. The absence of EphA5 receptor mediated forward signaling may cause alterations in connectivity of neural networks and boundary formation during development, including central monoaminergic systems. In the present studies, we demonstrated altered aggressive responses by animals lacking functional EphA5 receptors. These behavioral changes were accompanied by altered concentrations of serotonin (5-HT) and the metabolite, 5-HIAA, in the hypothalamus. The changes of serotonin activity in hypothalamus also result in increase of body weight in EphA5 knockout mice. Furthermore, EphA5 knockout mice exhibited a significant decrease in activity levels following exposure to naïve intruders in their home cages. We conclude that the EphA5 receptor may be involved in mediation of aggressive behavior regulated, in part, by hypothalamic serotonin.
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Scotti MAL, Place NJ, Demas GE. Short-day increases in aggression are independent of circulating gonadal steroids in female Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Horm Behav 2007; 52:183-90. [PMID: 17499250 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Revised: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Among the suite of adaptations displayed by seasonally-breeding rodents, individuals of most species display reproductive regression and concomitant decreases in gonadal steroids during the winter. In addition, some species display increased aggression in short "winter-like" days compared with long "summer-like" day lengths. For example, male Syrian and Siberian hamsters held in short days express heightened levels of aggression that are independent of gonadal steroids. Virtually nothing is known, however, regarding seasonal aggression in female Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Studies were undertaken to determine female levels of aggression in long and short days as well as the role of gonadal steroids in mediating this behavior. In Experiment 1, females were housed in long or short days for 10 weeks and resident-intruder aggression was assessed. Prior to testing, estrous cycle stages were determined by vaginal cytology and females were tested during both Diestrus I and Proestrus. In Experiment 2, hormone levels were experimentally manipulated; long-day females were ovariectomized (OVx) or given sham surgeries whereas short-day females were implanted with capsules containing 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) or Progesterone (P). In Experiment 3, both long- and short-day females were ovariectomized and implanted with either an exogenous E(2) or blank capsule, or given a sham surgery. Short-day hamsters displayed increased aggression relative to long-day females. Aggression was not affected by estrous stage. There was no difference in aggression between long-day OVx and sham animals. Furthermore, neither exogenous E(2) nor P had any significant effect on aggression. These results support previous findings of increased non-breeding aggression and suggest that short-day aggression is not likely mediated by circulating levels of gonadal steroids. These results also suggest that the endocrine regulation of seasonal aggression may be similar between the sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa-Ann L Scotti
- Department of Biology, Center for Integrative Study of Animal Behavior and Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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Spritzer MD, Meikle DB, Solomon NG. The relationship between dominance rank and spatial ability among male meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 118:332-9. [PMID: 15482061 DOI: 10.1037/0735-7036.118.3.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Males of many mammalian species exhibit contest competition and scramble competition for mates, but the relationship between these 2 forms of competition remains poorly understood. The authors measured dominance rank and spatial ability as traits likely to be selected by contest and scramble competition, respectively, among male meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus). The spatial ability of males was assessed using water maze tests, and dominance rank was determined using paired trials in a neutral arena. Dominant males had better spatial-learning ability and tended to have quicker learning speed but did not have better spatial memory than less aggressive subordinates. Therefore, the authors found no evidence that contest and scramble competition have favored alternative reproductive phenotypes among male meadow voles.
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Nakanishi T, Ohgushi A, Yamashita T, Sashihara K, Takagi T, Dobashi E, Kamegai T, Kasai M, Yoshimatsu T, Furuse M. Effect of Orally Administered Conjugated Linoleic Acids on Behaviors and Tissue Fatty Acid Compositions in Mice. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2001.9706749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Abstract
Aggressive behavior in male and female mice occurs in conflicts with intruding rivals, most often for the purpose of suppressing the reproductive success of the opponent. The behavioral repertoire of fighting is composed of intricately sequenced bursts of species-typical elements, with the resident displaying offensive and the intruder defensive acts and postures. The probability of occurrence as well as the frequency, duration, temporal and sequential patterns of aggressive behavior can be quantified with ethological methods. Classic selection and strain comparisons show the heritability of aggressive behavior, and point to the influence of several genes, including some of them on the Y chromosome. However, genetic effects on aggressive behavior critically depend upon the background strain, maternal environment and the intruder. These factors are equally important in determining changes in aggressive behavior in mice with a specific gene deletion. While changes in aggression characterize mutant mice involving a variety of genes, no pattern has emerged that links particular gene products (i.e. enzyme, peptide, receptor) to either an increase or a decrease in aggressive behavior, but rather emphasizes polygenic influences. A potentially common mechanism may be some components of the serotonin system, since alterations in 5-HT neurotransmission have been found in several of the KO mice that display unusual aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Miczek
- Department of Psychology, Bacon Hall, Tufts University, 530 Boston Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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Miyakawa T, Yagi T, Takao K, Niki H. Differential effect of Fyn tyrosine kinase deletion on offensive and defensive aggression. Behav Brain Res 2001; 122:51-6. [PMID: 11287076 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-4328(01)00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fyn tyrosine kinase is highly expressed in the limbic system and mice lacking Fyn tyrosine kinase showed increased fearfulness in a variety of tests for anxiety-related behaviors. To investigate the possible role of Fyn tyrosine kinase in aggression, we assessed the aggressive behaviors of the mice lacking the Fyn tyrosine kinase using the resident-intruder and restraint-induced target biting paradigms. The percentage of Fyn-deficient mice that attacked an inanimate target in a restraint tube was higher than that of the control mice. On the contrary, in the resident-intruder paradigm, the percentage of Fyn-deficient mice that attacked the intruder was lower and the Fyn-deficient mice showed a longer latency to attack an intruder. These results suggest a distinct role of Fyn tyrosine kinase in enhancing the offensive aggression and decreasing the defensive aggression. A possible influence of anxiety-phenotype of the Fyn-deficient mice on their abnormal aggressive behavior was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Miyakawa
- Laboratory for Neurobiology of Emotion, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, 351-0198, Saitama-ken, Japan
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Neuro- and psychopharmacological investigation of the alkaloids convolvine and atropine. Chem Nat Compd 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02249687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Negative correlation between tone (S−) and water increases target biting during S− in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.3758/bf03198001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Jones SE, Brain PF. Performances of inbred and outbred laboratory mice in putative tests of aggression. Behav Genet 1987; 17:87-96. [PMID: 3593155 DOI: 10.1007/bf01066013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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McAllister KH, Berry MS. Naloxone does not affect tube restraint-induced target biting by male Swiss mice. Behav Processes 1985; 10:429-36. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(85)90042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/1984] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Page RE, Bergerud AT. A genetic explanation for ten-year cycles of grouse. Oecologia 1984; 64:54-60. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00377543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/1984] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Smoothy R, Berry MS. Effects of ethanol on murine aggression assessed by biting of an inanimate target. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1984; 83:268-71. [PMID: 6433389 DOI: 10.1007/bf00464792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of acutely administered ethanol (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg, IP) were studied in a tube-restraint/target biting model of "aggressive" responding using naive group- and individually-housed male Swiss mice. Behavioural measures were the latency to the first bite and the biting frequency. In saline-injected control animals, the levels of responding were significantly higher in group-housed than isolated mice. Animals given alcohol exhibited a dose-dependent suppression of biting frequency, and an increase in biting latency. Mice experienced in the tube-testing situation showed reduced baseline levels of biting, but alcohol produced similar effects to those in naive mice. There was no evidence of a biphasic action of alcohol.
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Studies on tube restraint-induced attack on a metal target by laboratory mice. Behav Processes 1983; 8:277-87. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(83)90017-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/1983] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hormones and Different Tests for Aggression with Particular Reference to the Effects of Testosterone Metabolites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-69216-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Nabert DR, Tolbert RK, Hochman MH, Jardim CM, Fox DB, Wagner GC. Target-biting behavior of individually and group-housed mice and rats. Aggress Behav 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/1098-2337(1983)9:4<315::aid-ab2480090406>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ellis L. Developmental androgen fluctuations and the five dimensions of mammalian sex (with emphasis upon the behavioral dimension and the human species). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(82)90048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Brain PF, Benton D, Childs G, Parmigiani S. The effect of the type of opponent in tests of murine aggression. Behav Processes 1981; 6:319-27. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(81)90049-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/1981] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dominance: A key ethological/ sociobiological concept. Behav Brain Sci 1981. [DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00009808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Dominance, feminist hierarchies, and heterosexual dyads. Behav Brain Sci 1981. [DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00009626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Measurement and utility of dominance rankings. Behav Brain Sci 1981. [DOI: 10.1017/s0140525x00009717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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