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Lima RN, Coelho PMZ, Mattos ACA, Mello Silva CC, Augusto RDC, Mota EM, de Souza S, Atella GC, Cabral SS, Gabriel Kluck GE, Faro MJ. Combined treatment of Biomphalaria glabrata infected by Schistosoma mansoni with oxamniquine and praziquantel: Reproductive histological and metabolic aspects. Exp Parasitol 2017; 183:6-12. [PMID: 29017937 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Nespoli Lima
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho
- Laboratório Biologia do Schistosoma mansoni e sua interação com o hospedeiro, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fiocruz, Avenida Augusto Lima, 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina A Mattos
- Laboratório Biologia do Schistosoma mansoni e sua interação com o hospedeiro, Centro de Pesquisa René Rachou, Fiocruz, Avenida Augusto Lima, 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Clélia Christina Mello Silva
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo de Carvalho Augusto
- Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ester Maria Mota
- Laboratório de Patologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samaly de Souza
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Centro de Pesquisa Gonçalo Moniz, Fiocruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão 121, 40296-710 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Georgia Correa Atella
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, CCS, UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Bloco H, 2º Andar, Sala 30, Ilha do Fundão, 21.941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Suellen Silva Cabral
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, CCS, UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Bloco H, 2º Andar, Sala 30, Ilha do Fundão, 21.941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - George Eduardo Gabriel Kluck
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídeos e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, CCS, UFRJ, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, Bloco H, 2º Andar, Sala 30, Ilha do Fundão, 21.941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marta Julia Faro
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Couto FFB, Coelho PMZ, Araújo N, Kusel JR, Katz N, Jannotti-Passos LK, Mattos ACA. Schistosoma mansoni: a method for inducing resistance to praziquantel using infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 106:153-7. [PMID: 21537673 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the mechanisms of antischistosoma resistance, drug-resistant Schistosoma mansoni laboratory isolates are essential. We developed a new method for inducing resistance to praziquantel (PZQ) using successive drug treatments of Biomphalaria glabrata snails infected with S. mansoni. Infected B. glabrata were treated three times with 100 mg/kg PZQ for five consecutive days with a one-week interval between them. After the treatment, the cercariae (LE-PZQ) produced from these snails and the LE strains (susceptible) were used to infect mice. Forty-five days after infection, mice were treated with 200, 400 or 800 mg/kg PZQ. Thirty days post-treatment, we observed that the mean number of worms recovered by perfusion was significantly higher in the group of mice infected with the LE-PZQ isolate treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg in comparison to the LE strain with the same treatment. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the ED50 (effective dose required to kill 50% of the worms) of the LE-PZQ isolate (362 mg/kg) and the LE strain (68 mg/kg). In the in vitro assays, the worms of the LE-PZQ isolate were also less susceptible to PZQ. Thus, the use of infected snails as an experimental model for development of resistance to S. mansoni is effective, fast, simple and cheap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia F B Couto
- Instituto de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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New insight into praziquantel against various developmental stages of schistosomes. Parasitol Res 2011; 109:1501-7. [PMID: 21984370 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Praziquantel, due to high efficacy, excellent tolerability, few and transient side effects, simple administration, and competitive cost, is virtually the only drug of choice for treatment of human schistosomiasis. Treatment of schistosomiasis has shown great advances with the introduction of the drug into the therapeutic arsenal in areas that are endemic for the parasite. However, the drug presents various efficacies against different developmental stages of schistosomes, appearing an oddity intermitted mode. The present review article reviews the effects and mechanism of action of praziquantel against schistosomes briefly and suggests the research on this oddity phenomenon.
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Susceptibility to praziquantel of male and female cercariae of praziquantel-resistant and susceptible isolates of Schistosoma mansoni. J Helminthol 2009; 84:202-7. [PMID: 19765323 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x0999054x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is now widely used for the treatment of human schistosomiasis. However, in recent years, there has been a growing concern about the resistance of Schistosoma to PZQ. The mechanisms of PZQ action against Schistosoma and resistance of Schistosoma to PZQ are poorly understood. Here, we report differential susceptibilities to PZQ between male and female cercariae in the PZQ-susceptible and PZQ-resistant isolates of Schistosoma mansoni, using tail loss as a measurement of PZQ action. The miracidia were collected by hatching eggs collected from faeces of infected mice. Single-sex cercaria lines were made by infecting a single Biomphalaria glabrata snail with a single miracidium. The sex of each single-sex cercaria line was identified by a direct W1-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Single-sex cercariae of two isolates were exposed to four different concentrations of PZQ, respectively. The tail shedding of cercariae was observed under a dissecting microscope for five time points up to 100 min after adding PZQ. The results showed that male cercariae have higher tail-shedding rates than that of female cercariae when PZQ-susceptible isolates of S. mansoni are exposed to the same concentration of PZQ. But this phenomenon was not observed in the PZQ-resistant isolates. This sexual differential resistance phenomenon of S. mansoni suggests that resistance to PZQ is induced by decreasing the PZQ susceptibility of male worms. The experiment described here may also be useful for developing tests to detect PZQ resistance in the field.
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Mattos ACA, Pereira GC, Jannotti-Passos LK, Kusel JR, Coelho PMZ. Evaluation of the effect of oxamniquine, praziquantel and a combination of both drugs on the intramolluscan phase of Schistosoma mansoni. Acta Trop 2007; 102:84-91. [PMID: 17498638 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2007.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The activity of oxamniquine (OXA), praziquantel (PZQ), and a combination of both drugs was evaluated at the intramolluscan phase of Schistosoma mansoni. Biomphalaria glabrata snails infected with S. mansoni were treated with 500 mg/kg OXA, 1000 mg/kg PZQ or with 250 mg/kg OXA and 500 mg/kg PZQ, in association, at the pre-patent and patent phases of infection. The results showed that either treatments with OXA or PZQ, alone, at the pre-patent period, delayed the parasite's development, increasing the pre-patent period by approximately 10 days. At the same pre-patent period, treatment with a combination of OXA/PZQ delayed the parasite's development even more, extending the pre-patent period up to 56 days. At the patent period, treatment with OXA and PZQ, alone, interrupted cercarial shedding. When the snails were treated with 1000 mg/kg PZQ, the cercarial production was re-established 15 days after treatment, but in lower numbers than those obtained before treatment, whereas the snails treated with 500 mg/kg OXA were able to shed cercariae in similar quantities to those observed before treatment. The association 250 mg/kg OXA+500 mg/kg PZQ, at the patent period, not only discontinued cercarial shedding, but also led to the "cure" of the snails, showing a synergistic effect of this combination of drugs. These results suggest that this model will be useful for selection of resistant parasites, as well as for screening new antischistosomal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C A Mattos
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Barro Preto, 30.090-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Mattos ACA, Kusel JR, Pimenta PFP, Coelho PMZ. Activity of praziquantel on in vitro transformed Schistosoma mansoni sporocysts. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006; 101 Suppl 1:283-7. [PMID: 17308783 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000900044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Praziquantel (PZQ) is effective against all the evolutive phases of Schistosoma mansoni. Infected Biomphalaria glabrata snails have their cercarial shedding interrupted when exposed to PZQ. Using primary in vitro transformed sporocysts, labeled with the probe Hoechst 33258 (indicator of membrane integrity), and lectin of Glycine max (specific for carbohydrate of N-acetylgalactosamine membrane), we evaluated the presence of lysosomes at this evolutive phase of S. mansoni, as well as the influence of PZQ on these acidic organelles and on the tegument of the sporocyst. Although the sporocyst remained alive, it was observed that there was a marked contraction of its musculature, and there occurred a change in the parasite's structure. Also, the acidic vesicles found in the sporocysts showed a larger delimited area after contact of the parasites with PZQ. Damages to the tegument was also observed, as show a well-marked labeling either with Hoechst 33258 or with lectin of Glycine max after contact of sporocysts with the drug. These results could partially explain the interruption/reduction mechanism of cercarial shedding in snails exposed to PZQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C A Mattos
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose, Centro de Pesquisas René-Rachou-Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, 31190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Liang YS, Coles GC, Doenhoff MJ, Southgate VR. In vitro responses of praziquantel-resistant and -susceptible Schistosoma mansoni to praziquantel. Int J Parasitol 2001; 31:1227-35. [PMID: 11513892 DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7519(01)00246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The resistance status of five praziquantel-susceptible and five praziquantel-resistant isolates was confirmed by chemotherapy in CD(1) mice with 3 x 200mg/kg micronised praziquantel. Micronised praziquantel had higher efficacy than two other praziquantel formulations (prepared without milling). The five resistant isolates were less responsive to praziquantel than the five susceptible isolates (59-74% reduction in worm burden in resistant isolates compared with 92-100% in susceptible isolates). Observations were made on the in vitro responses of different stages of 10 isolates to praziquantel. There were different in vitro responses to praziquantel at the egg, miracidial, cercarial and adult stages of Schistosoma mansoni between praziquantel-resistant and praziquantel-susceptible isolates. There were differences in the response of resistant and susceptible isolates following exposure of freshly hatched miracidia to 10(-6)M praziquantel for 1 min and observing the percent change in shape. Using this test it should be possible to determine whether failed therapy in patients infected with S. mansoni is due to the presence of praziquantel-resistant worms. Similarly, by exposing freshly shed cercariae to 4 x 10(-7)M praziquantel and observing the percent of tail shedding over 80 min it should be possible to monitor for the presence of praziquantel-resistant worms in snails collected in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Liang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK
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