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Neunzig J, Bernhardt R. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) stimulates the first step in the biosynthesis of steroid hormones. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89727. [PMID: 24586990 PMCID: PMC3931814 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is the most abundant circulating steroid in human, with the highest concentrations between age 20 and 30, but displaying a significant decrease with age. Many beneficial functions are ascribed to DHEAS. Nevertheless, long-term studies are very scarce concerning the intake of DHEAS over several years, and molecular investigations on DHEAS action are missing so far. In this study, the role of DHEAS on the first and rate-limiting step of steroid hormone biosynthesis was analyzed in a reconstituted in vitro system, consisting of purified CYP11A1, adrenodoxin and adrenodoxin reductase. DHEAS enhances the conversion of cholesterol by 26%. Detailed analyses of the mechanism of DHEAS action revealed increased binding affinity of cholesterol to CYP11A1 and enforced interaction with the electron transfer partner, adrenodoxin. Difference spectroscopy showed Kd-values of 40±2.7 µM and 24.8±0.5 µM for CYP11A1 and cholesterol without and with addition of DHEAS, respectively. To determine the Kd-value for CYP11A1 and adrenodoxin, surface plasmon resonance measurements were performed, demonstrating a Kd-value of 3.0±0.35 nM (with cholesterol) and of 2.4±0.05 nM when cholesterol and DHEAS were added. Kinetic experiments showed a lower Km and a higher kcat value for CYP11A1 in the presence of DHEAS leading to an increase of the catalytic efficiency by 75%. These findings indicate that DHEAS affects steroid hormone biosynthesis on a molecular level resulting in an increased formation of pregnenolone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Neunzig
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Technical and Natural Sciences III, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rita Bernhardt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Technical and Natural Sciences III, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Enomoto M, Adachi H, Fukami A, Furuki K, Satoh A, Otsuka M, Kumagae SI, Nanjo Y, Shigetoh Y, Imaizumi T. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels predict longevity in men: 27-year follow-up study in a community-based cohort (Tanushimaru study). J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56:994-8. [PMID: 18422949 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) levels could predict longevity in residents. DESIGN Prospective community-based cohort study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Nine hundred forty subjects (396 men, 544 women; aged 21 to 88) underwent a health examination in 1978. Serum DHEAS levels were measured according to radioimmunoassay at baseline in all subjects, and subjects were followed periodically until 2005. RESULTS Baseline DHEAS levels were higher in men than in women and decreased with age in both sexes. In a Cox proportional hazards model, age, DHEAS (inversely), blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose were significantly associated with shorter longevity in men but not in women. Of these variables, high DHEAS levels in men were the strongest predictor of longevity (beta=-2.032, hazard ratio=0.131, 95% confidence interval=0.029-0.584 in the Cox proportional hazards model after adjustment for age). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve, stratified according to tertiles of DHEAS levels, in men after adjustments for age, systolic blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose showed significantly (log-rank stat =10.6; P<.001) greater longevity in the highest group (200 microg/dL) than in the moderate (130-199 microg/dL) or lowest groups (129 microg/dL). CONCLUSION This 27-year study in a community-based cohort indicated that DHEAS level may be a predictor of longevity in men, independent of age, blood pressure, and plasma glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Enomoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
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Iwasaki T, Mukasa K, Yoneda M, Ito S, Yamada Y, Mori Y, Fujisawa N, Fujisawa T, Wada K, Sekihara H, Nakajima A. Marked attenuation of production of collagen type I from cardiac fibroblasts by dehydroepiandrosterone. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005; 288:E1222-8. [PMID: 15657092 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00370.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a type of adrenal steroid. The concentrations of DHEA and its sulfate (DHEA-S) in serum reach a peak between the ages of 25 and 30 yr and thereafter decline steadily. It was reported that DHEA-S concentration in humans is inversely related to death from cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we examined the effects of DHEA on regulation of collagen mRNA and collagen synthesis in cultured cardiac fibroblasts. Treatment with DHEA (10(-6) M) resulted in a significant decrease in procollagen type I mRNA expression compared with controls. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in procollagen type I protein accumulation in the medium and also a significant decrease in procollagen type I protein synthesis in the cellular matrix. Furthermore, to confirm in vitro results, we administered DHEA to Sprague-Dawley rats, which were treated with angiotensin II for 8 wk to induce cardiac damage. Procollagen type I mRNA expression was significantly decreased and cardiac fibrosis significantly inhibited in DHEA-treated rat hearts without lowering the systolic blood pressure. These results strongly indicate that DHEA can directly attenuate collagen type I synthesis at the transcriptional level in vivo and in vitro in cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Iwasaki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yokohama City Univ. Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Iwata J, Suga T. Determination of 17-oxosteroid sulphates in serum by ion-pair extraction, prelabelling with dansylhydrazine and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr A 1989; 474:363-71. [PMID: 2777951 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)93929-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection is described for the direct determination of four serum 17-oxosteroid sulphates. Each serum sample was deproteinated with methanol, the methanol was evaporated and 17-oxosteroid sulphates in the residue were extracted with benzene as ion pairs in the presence of tetrapentylammonium ion. The ion pairs were labelled with dansylhydrazine and the hydrazones were separated by HPLC on a Capcell-Pak C8 (silicone polymer-coated silica gel modified with octyl groups) reversed-phase column using methanol-0.5% (w/v) sodium acetate-50% (v/v) acetic acid (57:42:1, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The eluent was monitored with a fluorometric detector at an excitation wavelength of 330 nm and an emission wavelength of 540 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Iwata
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tokyo College of Pharmacy, Japan
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Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) was measured in serum from 274 children and adolescents aged 1 month to 18.7 years, and in 38 healthy adults. In the pediatric group, which comprised 131 males and 143 females, serum DHAS was markedly age-dependent. Values declined between 1 and 5 months after birth, but were generally less than 4 mumol/L. Between 6 months and 7 years DHAS was less than 0.5 mumol/L in boys and less than 1.0 mumol/L in girls. Above 8 years DHAS progressively increased in both sexes to less than 13 mumol/L in mid-late teenage males and less than 12 mumol/L in females of the same age, similar to the values observed in the adults. In children and adolescents over 10 years, there was considerable overlap in DHAS values between groups of children classified by pubertal stage, resulting from the dissociation between adrenal and gonadal development during normal puberty.
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Shimada K, Tanaka M, Nambara T. Studies on steroids. CC. Determination of 17-ketosteroid sulphates in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection using pre-column derivatization. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1984; 307:23-8. [PMID: 6233294 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)84069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A new sensitive method is described for the determination of 17-ketosteroid sulphates, particularly dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, in human serum by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. The 17-ketosteroid sulphates in serum were extracted with acetonitrile and derivatized with p- nitrophenylhydrazine in trichloroacetic acid--benzene solution. The p- nitrophenylhydrazones were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography on a mu Bondapak C18 column using methanol--0.5% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (8:3) as a mobile phase. The proposed method proved to be applicable to the quantitation of 17-ketosteroid sulphates with satisfactory sensitivity and reliability, providing a quantitation limit of 80 ng/ml and coefficient of variation of 4%. A good correlation was observed between the values obtained by the present method and radioimmunoassay for dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in serum.
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Chikhaoui Y, Boussioux AM, Nicolas JC, Descomps B, de Paulet AC. Enzymatic determination of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in biological fluids. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 19:1319-23. [PMID: 6225910 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(83)90157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A simple method is described for the determination of androgens, particularly dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), in human plasma and urine. The method does not involve extraction or chromatography. An internal standard is used as reference. The androgens are enzymatically converted to estrogens and these latter compounds can be measured by the enzymatic method previously described [1]. The range of accuracy was between 99 and 103%. The precision of the method was 2.5%. The sensitivity was 0.1 pM per sample. The method is suitable for routine use, and one worker can easily perform twenty assays in one day.
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Forti G, Facchinetti F, Sardelli S, Santoro S, Grisolia GA, Bassi F, Serio M. Spermatic and peripheral venous plasma concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in prepubertal and pubertal boys. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 18:29-32. [PMID: 6134865 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(83)90326-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DEAS), a major adrenal product, is quantitatively one of the most important steroids found in human testicular tissue. However, conflicting data have been reported about the testicular production of DEAS 'in vivo'. We have measured the spermatic and peripheral concentrations of testosterone (T) and DEAS in two groups of prepubertal (Group I, N = 18) and pubertal (Group II; N = 11) boys undergoing surgery for undescended testis, inguinal hernia or varicocele. Mean (+/- SE) spermatic concentrations of DEAS (77 +/- 16 and 113 +/- 19 micrograms/dl in Group I and II respectively) were not significantly different from peripheral concentrations (70 +/- 13 and 130 +/- 16 micrograms/dl in Group I and II respectively). Mean spermatic concentrations of T (153 +/- 101 and 7515 +/- 4314 ng/dl in Group I and II respectively) were significantly different from peripheral concentrations (9 +/- 1 and 149 +/- 53 ng/dl; P less than 0.001 in both groups). Spermatic and peripheral levels of T and DEAS found in prepubertal boys were significantly lower than those found in pubertal boys. Spermatic levels of DEAS were not significantly related with spermatic levels of T in both groups. Our data show that, as in adult subjects, no significant spermatic-peripheral DEAS gradient is present in prepubertal and pubertal boys.
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Roger M, Nahoul K, Scholler R, Bagrel D. Evolution with ageing of four plasma androgens in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 1980; 2:171-7. [PMID: 7442551 DOI: 10.1016/0378-5122(80)90001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Franz C, Watson D, Longcope C. Estrone sulfate and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate concentrations in normal subjects and men with cirrhosis. Steroids 1979; 34:563-73. [PMID: 229590 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(79)80017-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circulation levels of estrone sulfate (E1S) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) have been measured in plasma using a radioimmunoassay for estrone and dehydroepiandrosterone following extraction and hydrolysis of the sulfate. The mean +/- SE concentrations of E1S and DHAS in normal men were 458 +/- 25 pg/ml and 1.45 +/- 0.19 micrograms/ml, respectively. In normal women the values for days 5-7 of the cycle were 880 +/- 117 pg/ml and 1.25 +/- 0.12 micrograms/ml which were not different than the values for days 20-22 of 1195 +/- 176 pg/ml and 1.58 +/- 0.29 micrograms/ml. The mean values in post-menopausal women were 250 +/- 33 pg/ml and 0.47 +/- 0.07 micrograms/ml, both lower than the values in young women. In a group of cirrhotic men the mean values were 325 +/- 55 pg/ml and 0.38 +/- 0.12 micrograms/ml, both significantly lower than the normal values. This suggests a defect in sulfurylation in men with hepatic cirrhosis.
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Ueda Y, Honda M, Hatano M. Response of adrenal steroids to angiotensin II in essential hypertension. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1979; 11:1527-34. [PMID: 230386 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(79)90343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
An animal model using dexamethosone-suppressed, castrated dogs was developed to test the hypothesis that a pituitary hormone other than ACTH modulates adrenal androgen (AA) secretion. Plasma samples were obtained every 15 min during infusions of saline, synthetic alpha 1-24 corticotropin, porcine 1-39 corticotropin (ACTH), or bovine pituitary gland extract (PE) in a wide range of doses. Androstenedione (A), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), and cortisol (F) were quantified by radioimmunoassay. When the ratio of AA levels was related to those of F, in order to correct for ACTH content in the PE, the slopes of the dose-response curves for corticotropin and PE were different at the 0.01 level. For A the dose-response slope for the PE was 0.18 +/- 0.5 SE, whereas that of ACTH was 0.02 +/- 0.01. For the DHA response the slopes were 0.17 +/- 0.04 for the PE and 0.04 +/- 0.03 for ACTH. Related studies showed no increase in AA levels in response to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, bovine growth hormone (GH), bovine prolactin, ovine thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or synthetic aqueous arginine vasopressin (AVP). We conclude that a pituitary factor other than ACTH, prolactin, GH, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, TSH, or AVP may be responsible for the observed increase in AA concentrations.
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Sköldefors H, Carlström K, Eneroth P. Influence of Aging upon the Serum Hormone Levels in the Male. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.1978.tb00602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Aso T, Aedo AR, Cekan SZ. Simultaneous determination of the sulphates of dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnenolone in plasma by radioimmunoassay following a rapid solvolysis. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 8:1105-8. [PMID: 144213 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(77)90281-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wang DY, Hayward JL, Bulbrook RD, Kumaoka S, Takatani O, Abe O, Utsunomiya J. Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone and androsterone sulphates, androstenedione and urinary androgen metabolites in normal British and Japanese women. Eur J Cancer 1976; 12:951-8. [PMID: 137812 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2964(76)90060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Rance TA, Park BK, Rowe PH, Dean PD. A preovulatory rise of dehydroepiandrosterone in the mare measured by radioimmunoassay. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 7:677-81. [PMID: 135887 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(76)90065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Abstract
Details of a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for androsterone (1) and androsterone sulfate in plasma have been presented. Benzene extracts of plasma were chromatographed on alumina to isolate the androsterone fraction either (a) directly after extraction (A) or (b) after solvolysis (AS). Following treatment with rabbit anti-A-17-BSA, antibody bound steriod was precipitated by ammonium sulfate. Androsterone concentrations in normal male plasma averaged 57 +/- 24 (S.D.) ng/dl, range 35-135 ng/dl and for normal women, 44 +/- 21 (S.D.) ng/dl, range 18-98 ng/dl. Androsterone sulfate concentrations were: males 55 +/- 28 mug/dl (range 10-114 mug/dl); premenopausal females 52+/- 31 mug/dl (range 16-318 mug/dl).
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Vermeulen A, Verdonck L. Radioimmunoassay of 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one, 4-androstene-3,17-dione, dehydroepiandrosterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone and its application to the human male plasma. JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY 1976; 7:1-10. [PMID: 178963 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4731(76)90156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cattaneo S, Forti G, Fiorelli G, Barbieri U, Serio M. A rapid radioimmunoassay for determination of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in human plasma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1975; 4:505-12. [PMID: 126124 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.1975.tb01561.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A rapid radioimmunoassay for the determination of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) in diluted human plasma is described. The radioimmunoassay is performed using an antiserum to DHEA-3-hemisuccinate-BSA. A charcoal-dextran mixture is used for separation of the bound from the free fraction. The reliability criteria of the method in terms of precision, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity have been evaluated. The mean level of DHEA-S in plasma samples from normal men (age range 24-37) is 241-5+/-72-5 mug/dl. In normal premenopausal women the highest values are in the second third of the menstrual cycle (corresponding to the ovulatory phase). In normal old men (age range 64-86) and in post-menopausal women (age range 55-88) the mean values are, respectively, 51-9+/-33-8 and 53-8+/-34-0. The DHEA-S levels found in several cases of adreno-cortical disorders are reported. In primary adrenal insufficiency and in Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal adenoma or bilateral multinodular hyperplasia low values are found; in Cushing's syndrome due to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia normal values are usually found.
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Sekihara H, Osawa N. A non-chromatographic radioimmunoassay for serum dehydroepiandrosterone using a mixture of antisera. Steroids 1974; 24:317-26. [PMID: 4277979 DOI: 10.1016/0039-128x(74)90029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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