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Meece FA, Ahmed G, Nair H, Santhamma B, Tekmal RR, Zhao C, Pollok NE, Lara J, Shaked Z, Nickisch K. Esters of levonorgestrel and etonogestrel intended as single, subcutaneous-injection, long-lasting contraceptives. Steroids 2018; 137:47-56. [PMID: 30086356 PMCID: PMC6137153 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An effort with the goal of discovering single-dose, long-lasting (>6 months) injectable contraceptives began using levonorgestrel (LNG)-17-β esters linked to a sulfonamide function purposed as human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA 2) ligands. One single analog from this first series showed noticeably superior anti-ovulatory activity in murine models, and a subsequent structure-activity relationship (SAR, the relationship between a compound's molecular structure and its biological activity) study based on this compound identified a LNG-phenoxyacetic acid ester analog exhibiting longer anti-ovulatory properties using the murine model at 2 and 4 mg dose than medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). The same ester function linked to etonogestrel (ENG) furnished a compound which inhibited ovulation at 2 mg for 60 days, the longest duration of all compounds tested at these doses. By comparison, MPA at the same dose inhibited ovulation for 32 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick A Meece
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States.
| | - Gulzar Ahmed
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Hareesh Nair
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Bindu Santhamma
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Rajeshwar R Tekmal
- University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Chumang Zhao
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Nicole E Pollok
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Julia Lara
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Ze'ev Shaked
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
| | - Klaus Nickisch
- Evestra, Inc, 6410 Tri County Pkwy, Schertz, TX 78154, United States
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