1
|
Li Z, Wu YH, Xi JM, Wei ZL, Liao WW. Copper-Catalyzed Difluoroalkylation of Alkene/Nitrile Insertion/Cyclization Tandem Sequences: Construction of Difluorinated Bicyclic Amidines. Org Lett 2021; 23:9591-9596. [PMID: 34874172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed difluoroalkylation of an alkene/nitrile insertion/cyclization tandem sequence of N-cyanamide alkene was described, which provided a convenient synthetic approach for accessing difluorinated bicyclic amidines bearing imine moieties in a sustainable fashion. This protocol is characterized by high yields, a broad substrate scope, and good functional group compatibility. In addition, the desired product can be readily converted into other valuable functionalized fluorinated aza-heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Heng Wu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ming Xi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Lin Wei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Liao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu R, Rajasekar S, Fang X. Enantioselective Nickel‐Catalyzed Migratory Hydrocyanation of Nonconjugated Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Shanmugam Rajasekar
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Xianjie Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu R, Rajasekar S, Fang X. Enantioselective Nickel-Catalyzed Migratory Hydrocyanation of Nonconjugated Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21436-21441. [PMID: 32786048 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed chain-walking reactions have recently emerged as a powerful strategy to functionalize remote positions in organic molecules. However, a chain-walking protocol for nonconjugated dienes remains scarcely reported, and developments are currently ongoing. In this Communication, a nickel-catalyzed asymmetric hydrocyanation of nonconjugated dienes involving a chain-walking process is demonstrated. The reaction exhibits excellent regio- and chemoselectivity, and a wide range of substrates were tolerated, delivering the products in high yields and enantioselectivities. Deuterium-labeling experiments support the chain-walking process, which involves an iterative β-H elimination and reinsertion processes. Gram-scale synthesis, regioconvergent experiments, and downstream transformations gave further insights into the high potential of this transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Shanmugam Rajasekar
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xianjie Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xing Y, Yu R, Fang X. Synthesis of Tertiary Benzylic Nitriles via Nickel-Catalyzed Markovnikov Hydrocyanation of α-Substituted Styrenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:1008-1012. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Xing
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianjie Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Smolobochkin AV, Gazizov AS, Burilov AR, Pudovik MA, Sinyashin OG. Ring opening reactions of nitrogen heterocycles. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
6
|
Cao W, Liu X, Feng X. Chiral organobases: Properties and applications in asymmetric catalysis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
7
|
Zn(OTf)2—catalyzed direct cyanation of benzylic alcohols—a novel synthesis of α-aryl nitriles. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
8
|
Ganesh V, Sureshkumar D, Chanda D, Chandrasekaran S. Bromenium-catalysed tandem ring opening/cyclisation of vinylcyclopropanes and vinylcyclobutanes: a metal-free [3+2+1]/[4+2+1] cascade for the synthesis of chiral amidines and computational investigation. Chemistry 2012; 18:12498-511. [PMID: 22945873 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present a detailed study of a [3+2+1] cascade cyclisation of vinylcyclopropanes (VCP) catalysed by a bromenium species (Br(δ+)-X(δ-)) generated in situ, which results in the synthesis of chiral bicyclic amidines in a tandem one-pot operation. The formation of amidines involves the ring-opening of VCPs with Br-X, followed by a Ritter-type reaction with chloramine-T and a tandem cyclisation. The reaction has been further extended to vinylcyclobutane systems and involves a [4+2+1] cascade cyclisation with the same reagents. The versatility of the methodology has been demonstrated by careful choice of VCPs and VCBs to yield bicyclo[4.3.0]-, -[4.3.1]- and -[4.4.0]amidines in enantiomerically pure form. On the basis of the experimental observations and DFT calculations, a reasonable mechanism has been put forth to account for the formation of the products and the observed stereoselectivity. We propose the existence of a π-stabilised homoallylic carbocation at the cyclopropane carbon as the reason for high stereoselectivity. DFT studies at B3LYP/6-311+G** and M06-2X/6-31+G* levels of theory in gas-phase calculations suggest the ring-opening of VCP is initiated at the π-complex stage (between the double bond and Br-X). This can be clearly perceived from the solution-phase (acetonitrile) calculations using the polarisable continuum model (PCM) solvation model, from which the extent of the ring opening of VCP was found to be noticeably high. Studies also show that the formation of zero-bridge bicyclic amidines is favoured over other bridged bicyclic amidines. The energetics of competing reaction pathways is compared to explain the product selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkataraman Ganesh
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012 India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Murai K, Komatsu H, Nagao R, Fujioka H. Oxidative Rearrangement of Spiro Cyclobutane Cyclic Aminals: Efficient Construction of Bicyclic Amidines. Org Lett 2012; 14:772-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203313n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Murai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryu Nagao
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Fujioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tempesti TC, Pierini AB, Baumgartner MT. Synthesis of α,α-diaryl nitriles by radical nucleophilic substitution. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20699k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Wenzel TJ, Chisholm CD. Using NMR spectroscopic methods to determine enantiomeric purity and assign absolute stereochemistry. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 59:1-63. [PMID: 21600355 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Wenzel
- Department of Chemistry, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yanagisawa A, Nezu T, Mohri SI. Brønsted Acid-Promoted Hydrocyanation of Arylalkenes. Org Lett 2009; 11:5286-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol902244e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arata Yanagisawa
- Chemical Process Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1-1-53, Takasu-cho, Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-8554, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nezu
- Chemical Process Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1-1-53, Takasu-cho, Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-8554, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Mohri
- Chemical Process Research and Development Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1-1-53, Takasu-cho, Sakai-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-8554, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen G, Wang Z, Wu J, Ding K. Facile Preparation of α-Aryl Nitriles by Direct Cyanation of Alcohols with TMSCN Under the Catalysis of InX3. Org Lett 2008; 10:4573-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ol801812a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Kuiling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kamila S, Koh B, Biehl ER. Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐substituted Nitriles and 2‐Aryl‐3‐keto Nitriles via Benzyne Reaction. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910600943402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Koh
- a Southern Methodist University , Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alajarín M, Vidal A, Tovar F. The consecutive [2+2] cycloaddition-ring expansion route to diastereomeric 1,4-diazepin-5-ones from imino-ketenimines. Alternative intramolecular transamidation of β-lactams. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
16
|
Rainka MP, Aye Y, Buchwald SL. Copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate reduction as a route to novel beta-azaheterocyclic acid derivatives. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:5821-3. [PMID: 15067136 PMCID: PMC395992 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0307764101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A chiral copper-hydride catalyst for the asymmetric conjugate reduction of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been used for the reduction of substrates containing beta-nitrogen substituents. A new set of reaction conditions has allowed for a variety of beta-azaheterocyclic acid derivatives to be synthesized in excellent yields and with high degrees of enantioselectivity. In addition, the effect that the nature of the nitrogen substituent has on the rate of the conjugate reduction reaction has been explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Rainka
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Im DS, Cheong CS, Lee SH. Lipase-catalyzed remote kinetic resolution of arylic nitriles with adjacent quaternary chiral center and the determination of their absolute configuration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2003.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Caron S, Vazquez E, Wojcik JM. Preparation of Tertiary Benzylic Nitriles from Aryl Fluorides. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9933846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Caron
- Process Research and Development, Central Research Division, Pfizer Inc., 8156-084 Eastern Point Road Groton, Connecticut 06340
| | - Enrique Vazquez
- Process Research and Development, Central Research Division, Pfizer Inc., 8156-084 Eastern Point Road Groton, Connecticut 06340
| | - Jill M. Wojcik
- Process Research and Development, Central Research Division, Pfizer Inc., 8156-084 Eastern Point Road Groton, Connecticut 06340
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ostendorf M, Dijkink J, Rutjes FPJT, Hiemstra H. (S)-Pyroglutamic Acid, (S)-Malic Acid, and (S)-Serine as Useful Starting Materials in the Synthesis of Enantiopure Hydroxyamidines. European J Org Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(200001)2000:1<115::aid-ejoc115>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
20
|
Intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition of ketenimines with imines. Synthesis and chemical behaviour of azeto[2,1-b]quinazolines. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)00855-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
21
|
A general route to cyclic amidines and isothioureas based on formal aza Diels Alder reactions of aminoheterocycles. Tetrahedron Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(96)00342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Dijkink J, Eriksen K, Goubitz K, van Zanden MN, Hiemstra H. Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of (S)-9-hydroxymethyl-1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene, an enantiopure DBN-analogue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(96)00035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
23
|
Synthesis of (S)-2-Amino-1,1-diphenylbutan-4-ol; conversion of an α-amino acid into an α-(diphenylmethyl) amine without loss of optical purity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
24
|
Davis AP, Dempsey KJ. Synthesis and investigation of a hindered, chiral, bicyclic guanidine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|