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Abstract
Covering: 2011 to 2022The natural world is a prolific source of some of the most interesting, rare, and complex molecules known, harnessing sophisticated biosynthetic machinery evolved over billions of years for their production. Many of these natural products represent high-value targets of total synthesis, either for their desirable biological activities or for their beautiful structures outright; yet, the high sp3-character often present in nature's molecules imparts significant topological complexity that pushes the limits of contemporary synthetic technology. Dearomatization is a foundational strategy for generating such intricacy from simple materials that has undergone considerable maturation in recent years. This review highlights the recent achievements in the field of dearomative methodology, with a focus on natural product total synthesis and retrosynthetic analysis. Disconnection guidelines and a three-phase dearomative logic are described, and a spotlight is given to nature's use of dearomatization in the biosynthesis of various classes of natural products. Synthetic studies from 2011 to 2021 are reviewed, and 425 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yaroslav D Boyko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - David Sarlah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Nakajima N, Yoshida E, Toma T, Nishiyama Y, Inoue M, Fukuyama T, Yokoshima S. Formal Synthesis of Ecteinascidin 743 via an Intramolecular Cascade Heck Reaction to Construct the Diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Framework. Org Lett 2022; 24:8228-8232. [PMID: 36305771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic route to ecteinascidin 743 has been established via an intramolecular cascade Heck reaction to construct the diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane skeleton while controlling the two contiguous stereogenic centers. The strategically formed five-membered ring was oxidatively cleaved to generate a dialdehyde intermediate, from which the B ring of ecteinascidin 743 was constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagayasu Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Eiji Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Toma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masayuki Inoue
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Ezzatzadeh E, Hargalani FZ, Shafaei F. Bio-Fe 3O 4-MNPs Promoted Green Synthesis of Pyrido[2,1- a]isoquinolines and Pyrido[1,2- a]quinolines: Study of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.1879882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ezzatzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Fariba Zamani Hargalani
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Shafaei
- Department of Chemistry, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Faal Hamedani N, Ghazvini M, Azad L, Noushin A. Green synthesis of pyrido[2,1‐
a
]isoquinolines and pyrido[1,2‐
a
]quinolins using Fe
3
O
4
‐MNPs as efficient nanocatalyst: Study of antioxidant activity. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Faal Hamedani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ValiasrTechnical and Vocational University (TVU) Tehran Iran
| | | | - Leila Azad
- Department of ChemistryIslamic Azad University Khodabandeh Iran
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Hamedani NF, Ghazvini M, Sheikholeslami-Farahani F, Jamnani MTB. KF/Clinoptilolite Nanoparticles as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Green Synthesis of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolines using Four-Component Reaction of Alkyl Bromides. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2019; 22:728-739. [PMID: 31838992 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666191213143417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE KF/Clinoptilolite nanoparticles are employed as a heterogeneous catalyst for the preparation of pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives through a four-component reaction of isoquinoline, two different alkyl bromides and an electron deficient internal alkynes at ambient temperature in water as green solvent. METHODS In this research, (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical trapping and reducing potential of ferric ion experiments was used for determining antioxidant activity of some newly synthesized compounds such as 5a, 5c, 5f and 5g and comparing results with synthetic antioxidants (TBHQ and BHT). RESULTS Compounds 5a, 5c, 5f and 5g display trace DPPH radical trapping and excellent reducing power of ferric ion. Furthermore, the power of some prepared compounds against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was proved by employing the disk dispersion experiment. CONCLUSION The obtained results of disk diffusion test showed that compounds 5a, 5d and 5e prevented the bacterial growth. The reported procedure shows the advantages of clean reaction, high yield and simple purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh F Hamedani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Valiasr, Tehran Branch, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghazvini
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad T B Jamnani
- Department of Chemistry, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
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Gröll B, Schaaf P, Mihovilovic MD, Schnürch M. Cu(I)-catalyzed one-pot decarboxylation-alkynylation reactions on 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines and one-pot synthesis of triazolyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Gomes NGM, Dasari R, Chandra S, Kiss R, Kornienko A. Marine Invertebrate Metabolites with Anticancer Activities: Solutions to the "Supply Problem". Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E98. [PMID: 27213412 PMCID: PMC4882572 DOI: 10.3390/md14050098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates provide a rich source of metabolites with anticancer activities and several marine-derived agents have been approved for the treatment of cancer. However, the limited supply of promising anticancer metabolites from their natural sources is a major hurdle to their preclinical and clinical development. Thus, the lack of a sustainable large-scale supply has been an important challenge facing chemists and biologists involved in marine-based drug discovery. In the current review we describe the main strategies aimed to overcome the supply problem. These include: marine invertebrate aquaculture, invertebrate and symbiont cell culture, culture-independent strategies, total chemical synthesis, semi-synthesis, and a number of hybrid strategies. We provide examples illustrating the application of these strategies for the supply of marine invertebrate-derived anticancer agents. Finally, we encourage the scientific community to develop scalable methods to obtain selected metabolites, which in the authors' opinion should be pursued due to their most promising anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson G M Gomes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ramesh Dasari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Sunena Chandra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie et de Toxicologie Expérimentale, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine, CP205/1, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
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Mahmoud MR, El-Shahawi MM, Abou-Elmagd WSI, Hekal MH. Novel Synthesis of Isoquinoline Derivatives Derived from (Z)-4-(1,3-Diphenylpyrazol-4-yl)isochromene-1,3-dione. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1030760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud R. Mahmoud
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M. El-Shahawi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed H. Hekal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Stereoselective photoinduced electrocyclic ring closure of aromatic enehydrazides. Asymmetric synthesis of 3-aryl dihydroisoquinolones and tetrahydroisoquinolines. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Recent Asymmetric Syntheses of Tetrahydroisoquinolines Using “Named” and Some Other Newer Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-59530-0.00003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Lee KM, Kim JC, Kang P, Lee WK, Eum H, Ha HJ. Chiral aziridine-2-carboxylates: versatile precursors for functionalized tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) containing heterocycles. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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12
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Cuevas C, Francesch A. Development of Yondelis® (trabectedin, ET-743). A semisynthetic process solves the supply problem. Nat Prod Rep 2009; 26:322-37. [DOI: 10.1039/b808331m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Kałuża Z, Mostowicz D, Dołęga G, Wójcik R. A new route to optically pure highly functionalized tetrahydro-isoquinolines with a quaternary carbon stereocenter. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Fürstner A, Hannen P. Platinum- and gold-catalyzed rearrangement reactions of propargyl acetates: total syntheses of (-)-alpha-cubebene, (-)-cubebol, sesquicarene and related terpenes. Chemistry 2007; 12:3006-19. [PMID: 16456909 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Propargyl acetates, in the presence of catalytic amounts of late transition-metal salts such as PtCl(2) or AuCl(3), represent synthetic equivalents of alpha-diazoketones. This notion is corroborated by a concise approach to various sesquiterpene natural products starting from readily available substrates. Specifically, (+)-carvomenthone (17) is converted into propargyl acetate (S)-26 by a sequence involving Stille cross-coupling of its kinetic enol triflate 18, regioselective hydroboration/oxidation of the resulting 1,3-diene 19, and addition of an alkynyl cerium reagent to aldehyde 21 thus obtained. Since the latter step was found to be unselective, the configuration of the reacting propargyl acetate was unambiguously set by oxidation followed by diastereoselective transfer hydrogenation by using Noyori's catalyst 25. Compound (S)-26, on treatment with PtCl(2) in toluene, converted exclusively to the tricyclic enol acetate 27, which was saponified to give norcubebone 11 in excellent overall yield. The conversion of this compound into the sesquiterpene alcohol (-)-cubebol (6) was best achieved with MeCeCl(2) as the nucleophile, whereas the formation of the parent hydrocarbon (-)-alpha-cubebene (4) was effected in excellent yield by recourse to iron-catalyzed cross coupling methodology developed in this laboratory. Since norketone 11 has previously been transformed into (-)-beta-cubebene (5) as well as (-)-4-epicubebol 8, our approach constitutes formal total syntheses of these additional natural products as well. Along similar lines, the readily available propargyl acetates 1, 33 and 47 were shown to give access to 2-carene 44, sesquicarene 39, and episesquicarene 51 in excellent overall yields. In this series, however, the cycloisomerization reaction was best achieved with catalytic amounts of AuCl(3) in 1,2-dichloroethane as the solvent. In addition to these preparative results, our data provide some insight into the mechanism of these remarkable skeletal rearrangement reactions. Transformations of this type are likely triggered by initial coordination of the alkyne unit of the substrate to the carbophilic transition-metal cation. Formal attack of the alkene moiety onto the resulting pi-complex engenders the formation of an electrophilic cyclopropyl carbene species which subsequently reacts with the adjacent acetate unit to give the final product. The alternative phasing of events, implying initial attack of the acetate (rather than the alkene moiety) onto the metal-alkyne complex, is inconsistent with the stereochemical data obtained during this total synthesis campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.
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15
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Hu S, Huang Y, Poss MA, Gentles RG. A novel route to the 5,6-dihydro-4-H-thieno[3,2-b]pyrrol-5-one ring system involving an intermediate substituted-thiophene synthesis. J Heterocycl Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570420427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Cakmak I. GIAO calculations of chemical shifts in enantiometrically pure 1-trifluoromethyl tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2004.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chrzanowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznań, Poland
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Royer
- Synthèse et Structure de Molécules d'Intérêt Pharmacologique, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, UMR 8638 (CNRS-Université Paris-5), 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75270 Paris 06, France.
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Saito N, Seki RI, Kameyama N, Sugimoto R, Kubo A. Synthetic approaches toward ecteinascidins. Part 2. Preparation of the ABCDE ring system of ecteinascidins having characteristic substituents in both benzene rings. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2003; 51:821-31. [PMID: 12843589 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.51.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A synthesis of an advanced ABCDE ring system (24c) having characteristic substituents in both benzene rings of ecteinascidin marine natural products is described based on our model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Saito
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose, Japan.
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20
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Vicario JL, Badı́a D, Carrillo L, Anakabe E. A general procedure for the asymmetric synthesis of 3-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Scott JD, Williams RM. Chemistry and biology of the tetrahydroisoquinoline antitumor antibiotics. Chem Rev 2002; 102:1669-730. [PMID: 11996547 DOI: 10.1021/cr010212u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 895] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack D Scott
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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22
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Regioselective cationic reduction of 2-aryl-1-N-(ethoxycarbonyl)enamines to 2-arylethylamine carbamates. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01780-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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23
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Bowden BF. Aromatic alkaloids from ascidians. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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24
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Bravo P, Crucianelli M, Farina A, Meille SV, Volonterio A, Zanda M. Stereoselective Total Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1-Trifluoromethyl Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids. European J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199803)1998:3<435::aid-ejoc435>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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