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Jalšić L, Lytvyn V, Elahi SM, Hrapovic S, Nassoury N, Chahal PS, Gaillet B, Gilbert R. Inducible HEK293 AAV packaging cell lines expressing Rep proteins. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 30:259-275. [PMID: 37560197 PMCID: PMC10407821 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Packaging or producer cell lines for scalable recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) production have been notoriously difficult to create due in part to the cytostatic nature of the Rep proteins required for AAV production. The most difficult challenge being creating AAV packaging cell lines using HEK293 parental cells, currently the best mammalian platform for rAAV production due to the constitutive expression of E1A in HEK293 cells, a key REP transcription activator. Using suspension and serum-free media adapted HEK293SF carrying a gene expression regulation system induced by addition of cumate and coumermycin, we were able to create REP-expressing AAV packaging cells. This was achieved by carefully choosing two of the AAV Rep proteins (Rep 40 and 68), using two inducible promoters with different expression levels and integrating into the cells through lentiviral vector transduction. Three of our best clones produced rAAV titers comparable to titers obtained by standard triple plasmid transfection of their parental cells. These clones were stable for up to 7 weeks under continuous cultures condition. rAAV production from one clone was also validated at scale of 1 L in a wave bioreactor using serum-free suspension culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovro Jalšić
- Département de Génie Chimique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
- Department of Production Platforms and Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Viktoria Lytvyn
- Department of Production Platforms and Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Seyyed Mehdy Elahi
- Department of Production Platforms and Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Sabahudin Hrapovic
- Advanced Biomaterials and Chemical Synthesis Team, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Nasha Nassoury
- Department of Production Platforms and Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Parminder Singh Chahal
- Department of Production Platforms and Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
| | - Bruno Gaillet
- Département de Génie Chimique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Rénald Gilbert
- Département de Génie Chimique, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V0A6, Canada
- Department of Production Platforms and Analytics, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montréal, QC H4P 2R2, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9 Canada
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Zubkova ES, Beloglazova IB, Ratner EI, Dyikanov DT, Dergilev KV, Menshikov MY, Parfyonova YV. Transduction of rat and human adipose-tissue derived mesenchymal stromal cells by adeno-associated viral vector serotype DJ. Biol Open 2021; 10:272104. [PMID: 34494647 PMCID: PMC8443863 DOI: 10.1242/bio.058461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo, gene therapy is a powerful approach holding great promises for the treatment of both genetic and acquired diseases. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are a safe and efficient delivery system for modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) that could maximize their therapeutic benefits. Assessment of MSC viability and functional activity after infection with new AAV serotypes is necessary, due to AAV tropism to specific cell types. We infected human and rat adipose-tissue MSC with hybrid AAV-DJ serotype vectors carrying GFP and SCF genes. GFP expression from AAV-DJ was about 1.5-fold superior to that observed with AAV-2 and lasted for at least 21 days as was evaluated by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. AAV-DJ proves to be suitable for the infection of rat and human MSC with a similar efficiency. Infected MSC were still viable but showed a 25-30% growth-rate slowdown. Moreover, we found an increase of SERPINB2 mRNA expression in human MSC while expression of other oxidative stress markers and extracellular matrix proteins was not affected. These results suggest that there is a differential cellular response in MSC infected with AAV viral vectors, which should be taken into account as it can affect the expected outcome for the therapeutic application. Summary: Adeno-associated viral vectors are widely used for gene delivery but their impact on the different cell types varies greatly and is not well understood. We describe effects of two most popular AAV serotypes on mesenchymal stromal cells of rat and human origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Zubkova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - I B Beloglazova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - E I Ratner
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - D T Dyikanov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - K V Dergilev
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - M Yu Menshikov
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation, Russia
| | - Ye V Parfyonova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation, Russia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, Russia
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Salganik M, Hirsch ML, Samulski RJ. Adeno-associated Virus as a Mammalian DNA Vector. Microbiol Spectr 2015; 3:10.1128/microbiolspec.MDNA3-0052-2014. [PMID: 26350320 PMCID: PMC4677393 DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.mdna3-0052-2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the nearly five decades since its accidental discovery, adeno-associated virus (AAV) has emerged as a highly versatile vector system for both research and clinical applications. A broad range of natural serotypes, as well as an increasing number of capsid variants, has combined to produce a repertoire of vectors with different tissue tropisms, immunogenic profiles and transduction efficiencies. The story of AAV is one of continued progress and surprising discoveries in a viral system that, at first glance, is deceptively simple. This apparent simplicity has enabled the advancement of AAV into the clinic, where despite some challenges it has provided hope for patients and a promising new tool for physicians. Although a great deal of work remains to be done, both in studying the basic biology of AAV and in optimizing its clinical application, AAV vectors are currently the safest and most efficient platform for gene transfer in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Salganik
- Gene Therapy Center, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Matthew L Hirsch
- Gene Therapy Center, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Richard Jude Samulski
- Gene Therapy Center, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
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Ho KJ, Bass CE, Kroemer AHK, Ma C, Terwilliger E, Karp SJ. Optimized adeno-associated virus 8 produces hepatocyte-specific Cre-mediated recombination without toxicity or affecting liver regeneration. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2008; 295:G412-9. [PMID: 18535290 PMCID: PMC2519860 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00590.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Engineering viral vectors to produce liver-specific protein expression may help advance understanding of hepatic regeneration and disease states. In addition to introducing genes of interest to the liver, these vectors can be adapted for gene deletion when designed to express Cre recombinase. The ability to use this system requires high, liver-restricted expression, low toxicity, and no effect on the process of interest. We developed an adeno-associated virus 8 (AAV8) with a codon-optimized Cre recombinase under a hepatocyte-specific major urinary protein (MUP) promoter (MUP-iCre-AAV8) that fulfills these requirements. A single intravenous injection of ROSA26R reporter mice, which express lacZ after Cre-mediated recombination, demonstrated homogeneous beta-galactosidase expression limited to hepatocytes after only 7 days. Cre protein expression remained strong for at least 31 days. Serum liver function tests and histology demonstrated minimal liver toxicity. The presence of MUP-iCre-AAV8 did not affect hepatocyte proliferation after partial hepatectomy as measured by Ki67 staining. CONCLUSION AAV8 with the MUP promoter, by virtue of its lack of hepatic toxicity or effect on liver regeneration, may be an efficient alternative to complex transgenic methodologies for studies of the mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J. Ho
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caroline E. Bass
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander H. K. Kroemer
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chunyan Ma
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ernest Terwilliger
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Seth J. Karp
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Li D, Kashii S, Sahara T, Ito K. Adeno-associated virus type 2 Rep40 modulates the proliferation rate of Rep52-expressing HeLa cells. Intervirology 2003; 46:127-34. [PMID: 12684552 DOI: 10.1159/000069748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2002] [Accepted: 01/13/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the growth-inhibitory effect of Rep proteins on cells. METHODS We generated Rep-expressing plasmids that containing wild-type rep genes or mutant rep genes with point mutations in their ATP-binding sites. We obtained several HeLa cell clones expressing Rep proteins constitutively by the regulator plasmid. The expression of each Rep protein was detected by Western blotting with an anti-Rep monoclonal antibody. RESULTS Clones that expressed Rep52 and Rep40 grew more slowly than those which exhibited no detectable expression of Rep or mutant Rep protein. In contrast, clone w-33, which proliferated as quickly as control HeLa cells, expressed only Rep40. By comparing the expression levels of Rep proteins in these clones, we found that the ratio of Rep40 to Rep52 gradually increased in the faster growing clones. CONCLUSION These results suggest that while Rep52 expression retards cell proliferation, Rep40 promotes recovery from Rep52-induced HeLa cell growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglan Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
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