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Nisihara RM, Skare T, Barreto Silva M, Mourato Silva R, Munhoz Silva DJ. Antinucleosome antibodies in juvenile chronic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2009; 28:1461-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-009-1282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Adams BS, Cha HC, Cleary J, Haiying T, Wang H, Sitwala K, Markovitz DM. DEK binding to class II MHC Y-box sequences is gene- and allele-specific. Arthritis Res Ther 2003; 5:R226-33. [PMID: 12823858 PMCID: PMC165066 DOI: 10.1186/ar774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2002] [Revised: 04/08/2003] [Accepted: 04/29/2003] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we examined sequence-specific binding of DEK, a potential autoantigen in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, to conserved Y-box regulatory sequences in class II MHC gene promoters. Nuclear extracts from several cell lines of different phenotypes contained sequence-specific binding activity recognizing DRA, DQA1*0101, and DQA1*0501 Y-box sequences. Participation of both DEK and NF-Y in the DQA1 Y-box binding complex was confirmed by 'supershifting' with anti-DEK and anti-NF-Y antibodies. Recombinant DEK also bound specifically to the DQA1*0101 Y box and to the polymorphic DQA1*0501 Y box, but not to the consensus DRA Y box. Measurement of the apparent dissociation constants demonstrated a two- to fivefold difference in DEK binding to the DQA1 Y-box sequence in comparison with other class II MHC Y-box sequences. Residues that are crucial for DEK binding to the DQA1*0101 Y box were identified by DNase I footprinting. The specific characteristics of DEK binding to these related sequences suggests a potential role for DEK in differential regulation of class II MHC expression, and thus in the pathogenesis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hyuk C Cha
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joanne Cleary
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tan Haiying
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hongling Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kajal Sitwala
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David M Markovitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Solomon DH, Kavanaugh AJ, Schur PH. Evidence-based guidelines for the use of immunologic tests: antinuclear antibody testing. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2002; 47:434-44. [PMID: 12209492 DOI: 10.1002/art.10561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Solomon
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Kavanaugh A, Tomar R, Reveille J, Solomon DH, Homburger HA. Guidelines for clinical use of the antinuclear antibody test and tests for specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. American College of Pathologists. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2000; 124:71-81. [PMID: 10629135 DOI: 10.5858/2000-124-0071-gfcuot] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The following guideline presents a series of recommendations based on published medical literature for use of the antinuclear antibody (ANA) test and tests for specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens in the diagnostic evaluation, prognostic assessment, and monitoring of patients with systemic rheumatic diseases. The guideline emphasizes the need for clinical evaluation to improve the usefulness of test results in patient management. Consideration is given to appropriate use of the generic ANA test in the initial evaluation of patients with signs and symptoms of a systemic rheumatic disease, the evaluation of patients suspected of having lupus erythematosus, use in clinical situations in which the ANA test is required to establish a disease diagnosis, and identification of clinical situations in which the ANA test has little value. Sections are also devoted to recommendations aimed at improving the analytic methods used to detect and measure ANA and specific autoantibodies to nuclear antigens and to the appropriate use of tests for specific autoantibodies in several disease situations that commonly occur in patients with suspected or documented systemic rheumatic diseases. Emphasis is placed on the use of these tests only in situations in which the test results can be expected to provide information necessary for clinical decision making. Those tests of limited medical usefulness and situations in which test results are likely to be misleading are also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kavanaugh
- University of Texas Southwest Medical School, Dallas, USA
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Donn RP, Ollier WE. Juvenile chronic arthritis--a time for change? EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY AND IMMUNOGENETICS 1996; 23:245-60. [PMID: 8803538 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.1996.tb00121.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Gabay C, Prieur AM, Meyer O. Occurrence of antiperinuclear, antikeratin, and anti-RA 33 antibodies in juvenile chronic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1993; 52:785-9. [PMID: 7504436 PMCID: PMC1005189 DOI: 10.1136/ard.52.11.785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antiperinuclear factor (APF), antikeratin antibodies (AKA), and anti-RA 33 antibodies are currently considered to be good markers for the diagnosis of adult rheumatoid arthritis with or without rheumatoid factor (RF). The prevalence of these markers was retrospectively reviewed in children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) to determine whether they were associated with specific features. METHODS One hundred and twenty-four patients with JCA participated in this study. Controls included 28 patients with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus and 21 healthy children. Antiperinuclear factor and AKA were determined by indirect immunofluorescence on buccal mucosal cells and oesophagus sections respectively. Anti-RA 33 antibodies were detected using a Western blot technique on HeLa cell nuclear extract. RESULTS Antiperinuclear factor was virtually absent in all the tested subgroups and anti-RA 33 antibodies were detected only in a subset of patients with RF positive polyarticular onset. Antikeratin antibodies were found in 27% of all children with JCA and in 42% of those with RF negative polyarticular onset. These results were statistically significant compared with healthy controls, but the presence of AKA was not specific to any patient subgroup. Moreover, in contrast with previous studies in adult RA, no relation was found between the presence of AKA and disease severity or activity. CONCLUSION These data suggest that APF, AKA, and anti-RA 33 antibodies are not useful for the diagnosis or classification of JCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gabay
- Clinique de Rhumatologie, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
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Burlingame RW, Rubin RL, Rosenberg AM. Autoantibodies to chromatin components in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1993; 36:836-41. [PMID: 8507226 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780360615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize autoantibodies to chromatin components in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). METHODS The sera of 50 children with JRA were analyzed for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. RESULTS By immunofluorescence, ANA and antibodies to high-mobility group proteins or to DNA-free histones were common in patients with pauciarticular JRA and rheumatoid factor-positive polyarticular JRA. However, reactivity with histone-DNA complexes was rare. CONCLUSION Because antihistone antibodies detected by ELISA failed to bind chromatin or other histone-DNA complexes, they are not likely to represent the immunofluorescent ANA activity in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Burlingame
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
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Lawrence JM, Moore TL, Osborn TG, Nesher G, Madson KL, Kinsella MB. Autoantibody studies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 1993; 22:265-74. [PMID: 8484133 DOI: 10.1016/0049-0172(93)80074-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Early studies showed few immunologic abnormalities in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) patients. There were no specific laboratory markers useful for diagnosis and assessment of the course of disease in JRA. Previous work showed an association of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) with early-onset pauciarticular disease and iridocyclitis. Similarly, the presence of 19S immunoglobulin (Ig) M rheumatoid factors (RF) was associated with late-onset polyarticular disease in girls. More recent studies have detected many unique autoantibodies. Newer assays show 19S IgM RF in up to 35% of JRA patients, although still mainly in girls with late-onset polyarticular disease. Hidden 19S IgM RF can be shown in up to 75% of JRA patients using different procedures, primarily in those with active polyarticular-or pauciarticular-onset disease. Immune complexes have been detected in JRA patients by means of different techniques; their presence usually correlates with active disease. Studies on a specific ANA in JRA have shown no common extractable nuclear antigen, but antihistone antibodies have been found in up to 75% of cases, again mainly in those with pauciarticular onset and iritis. Finally, a variety of unusual immunologic proteins have also been detected, including anti-ocular, anti-cellular, anti-cardiolipin, anti-perinuclear factor, and anti-collagen antibodies. This review evaluates the significance of these antibodies that can now be found in JRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Louis University School of Medicine, MO 63104
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Jarvis JN, Kaplan J, Fine N. Increase in CD5+ B Cells in Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992; 35:204-7. [PMID: 1370899 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780350213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between CD5+ B cell expression and IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). METHODS CD5+ B cell levels analyzed by flow cytometry and IgM-RF expression determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were compared in children with JRA, children with other collagen vascular diseases, and healthy controls. RESULTS Children with polyarticular JRA had expanded populations of CD5+ B cells, and expansion of CD5+ B cells and IgM-RF both correlated with disease activity. CONCLUSION The results indicate that an expanded CD5+ B cell population leads to IgM-RF production in patients with polyarticular JRA, as well as patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Jarvis
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
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Southwood TR, Malleson PN. Antinuclear antibodies and juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA): search for a specific autoantibody associated with JCA. Ann Rheum Dis 1991; 50:595-8. [PMID: 1929579 PMCID: PMC1004499 DOI: 10.1136/ard.50.9.595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T R Southwood
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical School, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Southwood TR, Roberts-Thomson PJ, Ahern MJ, Shepherd K, McEvoy R, Ziegler JB, Edmonds J. Autoantibodies in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis and their immediate family relatives. Ann Rheum Dis 1990; 49:968-72. [PMID: 2270968 PMCID: PMC1004288 DOI: 10.1136/ard.49.12.968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies to nuclear antigens were assessed in 23 children with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) and 66 of their first degree relatives. Serum samples from 16 patients with JCA (70%) and nine relatives (14%) had antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. Antibodies against nuclear antigens in rabbit thymus extract or an erythroblastoid cell line (K562) were detected by countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis and immunoblotting in 16 patients (70%) and 39 family relatives (59%). Immunoblotting did not show any banding patterns common to all patients with JCA, though bands in the 43-45 kD range were detected in 5/23 patients. Anticardiolipin antibodies were found in 7/23 patients. In total, 18/20 families (90%) had members other than the probands with detectable autoantibodies. In five families immunoblotting showed common banding patterns between the probands and other members. This suggests that there might be an inherited trend towards autoimmune responses in some families of patients with JCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Southwood
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia
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Wittemann B, Neuer G, Michels H, Truckenbrodt H, Bautz FA. Autoantibodies to nonhistone chromosomal proteins HMG-1 and HMG-2 in sera of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1990; 33:1378-83. [PMID: 2403401 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780330910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
IgG antibodies against the high mobility group (HMG) nonhistone chromosomal proteins HMG-1 and/or HMG-2 were detected in the sera of 49 (39%) of 126 antinuclear antibody (ANA)-positive patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), by immunoblotting. Clinical diagnosis classified these patients in 2 major groups, 105 with pauciarticular-onset JRA and 21 with polyarticular-onset JRA. Anti-HMG-1 and/or anti-HMG-2 antibodies were found in 8 (25%) of 32 pauciarticular-onset JRA patients with uveitis and in 34 (47%) of 73 patients without uveitis, whereas anti-HMG-1 and/or anti-HMG-2 antibodies were found in 4 (24%) of 17 children with polyarticular-onset JRA without uveitis. Among 53 sera from ANA-negative JRA patients, 3 (6%) were positive for anti-HMG-1 and/or anti-HMG-2 antibodies, whereas no reactivity to HMG-1 or HMG-2 proteins was observed in 48 sera from age-matched children with nonrheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wittemann
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, University of Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany
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Truedsson L, Grubb R, Svantesson H. Distribution of Gm allotypes in juvenile chronic arthritis. Scand J Rheumatol 1990; 19:326-32. [PMID: 2218429 DOI: 10.3109/03009749009096787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The immunoglobulin allotypes G1m(a), G1m(x), G2m(n), G3m(b) and Km(1) were determined in 76 Swedish patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA). Eight of the patients had the systemic form of the disease. 37 belonged to the polyarticular and 31 to the oligoarticular subset. The frequency of the G1ma(x), G3m-b haplotype was significantly increased in the polyarticular subset but not in the oligoarticular subset, compared with the normal population (p less than 0.01). The polyarticular subset also differed from the oligoarticular subset with increased frequency (p less than 0.01) and higher levels (p less than 0.01) of IgM rheumatoid factor and a lower rate of remission (p less than 0.05). The few JCA patients in the systemic subset showed similar features as the polyarticular patients. The frequencies of G2m(n) and Km(1) did not deviate from the expected in any of the JCA subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Truedsson
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Sweden
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Pauls JD, Silverman E, Laxer RM, Fritzler MJ. Antibodies to histones H1 and H5 in sera of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 1989. [PMID: 2787640 DOI: 10.1002/j.2326-5205.1989.tb00019.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The specificity of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) sera for histone subclasses was examined by immunoblotting. Antibodies to H1 alone were found in 4 of 21 pauciarticular-onset JRA sera, 4 of 19 polyarticular-onset JRA sera, and 2 of 11 systemic-onset JRA sera. Antibodies to H5 alone were found in 1 of 21 pauciarticular JRA sera, 1 of 19 polyarticular JRA sera, and 3 of 11 systemic JRA sera. Antibodies to both H1 and H5 were found in 4 of 21 pauciarticular JRA sera, 4 of 19 polyarticular JRA sera, and 1 of 11 systemic JRA sera. Antibodies to the core histones (H2A and H2B) were found in 1 of 21 pauciarticular JRA sera, 1 of 19 polyarticular JRA sera, and no systemic JRA sera. No reactivity to histones was observed in 30 sera from age-matched children with nonrheumatic diseases. The presence of H1 and H5 antibodies did not correlate with antinuclear antibody titers or with a homogeneous pattern of immunofluorescence. The predominance of H1 and H5 antibodies and relative absence of antibodies binding to core histones in JRA contrast with findings in adult systemic lupus erythematosus. Further, the presence of antibodies to H5 alone in some of the JRA patients indicates that the immune response in these patients is directed to determinants that are not shared by sequences of mammalian proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Pauls
- Joint Injury and Diseases Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Malleson P, Petty RE, Fung M, Candido EP. Reactivity of antinuclear antibodies with histones and other antigens in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 1989. [PMID: 2473758 DOI: 10.1002/j.2326-5205.1989.tb00025.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Antinuclear antibodies are found in serum samples from most children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), but the antigenic specificities of these antibodies are not known. Using an immunoblot technique, we found that JRA patients' sera react with a variety of proteins in the nuclei of HEp-2 cells. Antibody to histone H1 was found in 42% of the JRA serum samples. An IgG antibody to a 45-kd protein was found in serum samples from some patients without uveitis, but it was not found in any sample from patients with uveitis. The immunoblot reactivity patterns do not appear to be useful in distinguishing between disease onset types or disease course types in patients with JRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Malleson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Rosenberg AM. The clinical associations of antinuclear antibodies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY 1988; 49:19-27. [PMID: 3261669 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(88)90091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To clarify further the clinical correlates of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) this study compared the features of 60 ANA positive and 25 ANA negative children with JRA. ANA was more likely to be present in those with pauciarticular JRA than polyarticular JRA particularly if the ANA was of high titer. ANA positive subjects were more likely to have extraarticular manifestations, especially iridocyclitis. No significant differences were observed in onset ages, sex distribution, season of disease onset, family histories, or prognosis. There was no correlation between ANA titer and disease activity. Thus, while certain clinical features do correlate with ANA positivity in JRA, most clinical manifestations do not occur with distinctively different frequencies in the ANA negative and ANA positive groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Rosenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Tsokos GC, Inghirami G, Pillemer SR, Mavridis A, Magilavy DB. Immunoregulatory aberrations in patients with polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY 1988; 47:62-74. [PMID: 2832112 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(88)90145-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The presence of hypergammaglobulinemia and various circulating autoantibodies in children with polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) implies an immunoregulatory disorder. We report here experiments planned to elucidate the underlying cellular aberrations in this disease. Twelve children with polyarticular JRA were studied. Percentages of Leu-1, Leu-2, and Leu 3 T cells were comparable to those of normal individuals. Immunofluorescent double staining studies demonstrated elevated numbers of activated (DR+) T cells of both Leu-2 and Leu-3 phenotype. B cells characterized both phenotypically (Leu-12) and functionally (as spontaneous plaque-forming cells, PFC) were elevated. In vitro PFC responses to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were diminished. The levels of concanavalin A-induced suppressor cells of the PWM-stimulated PFC responses were comparable to control values. In contrast, the EBV-associated suppressor T cells were significantly impaired in both EBV-seropositive and EBV-seronegative patients. These studies indicate that peripheral blood B-cell activity is abnormal in polyarticular JRA. Defective T-cell responses in vitro suggest that this may be due to disruption of normal regulatory circuits between B and T cells and may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Tsokos
- Kidney Disease Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Moore TL, el-Najdawi E, Dorner RW. IgM rheumatoid factor plaque-forming cells in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1987; 30:335-8. [PMID: 3551966 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780300313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Using a direct, plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay with sensitized sheep erythrocytes, lymphocytes that secrete IgM rheumatoid factors (RF) have been detected in the peripheral blood of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Of 15 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients tested, 8 were seropositive and 7 were seronegative, but 6 of the seronegative patients had hidden 19S IgM-RF. Ten patients (5 seropositive and 5 with hidden 19S IgM-RF) demonstrated RF-PFC in their peripheral blood (range 15 to greater than 200 RF-PFC/10(6) mononuclear cells). Of 11 patients who had active disease, 10 had RF-PFC, and the 4 patients who had inactive disease had no PFC in their peripheral blood. HLA typing of all 15 patients revealed no correlation between the presence of RF-PFC and HLA type.
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Abstract
The immunological alterations that have been reported in juvenile chronic arthritis are reviewed. Their role in patient management and classification as well as their possible etiopathogenetic relevance are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pavia, Italy
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Tsokos GC, Mavridis A, Inghirami G, Pillemer SR, Emery HM, Magilavy DB. Cellular immunity in patients with systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY 1987; 42:86-92. [PMID: 3539432 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(87)90175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We studied the cellular immune responses in 10 patients with systemic form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The numbers of peripheral T lymphocytes and their helper/inducer and cytotoxic/suppressor subpopulation were within normal levels. Activated T lymphocytes (DR+) were slightly increased but not at statistically significant levels. In contrast to the T cells, B lymphocytes were increased; both the percentage of B cells (B1+) and the number of cells spontaneously secreting IgG, IgA, and IgM were increased. Stimulation of peripheral mononuclear cells in vitro with pokeweed mitogen induced poor plaque-forming cell responses, which were partially improved upon removal of monocytes. The presence of concanavalin A in the cultures led to complete suppression. We conclude that patients with systemic JRA are characterized primarily by B-cell rather than T-cell abnormalities.
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Martini A, Plebani A, Ravelli A, Avanzini MA, Jefferis R, Zonta L, Notarangelo LD, Ugazio AG, Burgio R. IgG subclass serum levels in juvenile chronic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1986; 45:400-4. [PMID: 3718013 PMCID: PMC1001899 DOI: 10.1136/ard.45.5.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
IgG subclass levels of sera from 26 patients with juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) were determined by means of mouse monoclonal antibodies. Patients were divided into three groups according to clinical activity of the disease: active disease, partial remission, and remission. One hundred and sixty four age matched, healthy children served as controls. IgG subclass concentrations were log transformed, and a robust regression method was applied to obtain expected values for the different ages. We found a significant increase of IgG3 (p less than 0.0001), IgG1 (p less than 0.002), and IgG2 (p less than 0.035) in JCA sera, while IgG4 values did not differ significantly from those of controls. When patients were divided according to clinical activity significant increases of IgG2 and IgG4 were observed in the patients in partial remission. Our data suggest that differential increase of IgG subclasses during the courses of JCA may be of relevance to the pathogenesis of the disease.
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