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Lamin V, Jaghoori A, Jakobczak R, Stafford I, Heresztyn T, Worthington M, Edwards J, Viana F, Stuklis R, Wilson DP, Beltrame JF. Mechanisms Responsible for Serotonin Vascular Reactivity Sex Differences in the Internal Mammary Artery. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.007126. [PMID: 29987120 PMCID: PMC6064825 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The increased adverse cardiac events in women undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting are multifactorial and may include clinical, psychosocial, and biological factors. Potential contributing biological factors could include vascular hyperreactivity of the internal mammary artery (IMA) to endogenous vasoconstrictors in women, resulting in a predilection to myocardial ischemia. This study evaluated sex differences in serotonin and thromboxane A2 dependent vasoconstriction in human isolated IMA, with the mechanistic role of (1) the endothelium, (2) nitric oxide (NO), (3) prostaglandins, and (4) receptor activity investigated for any observed sex difference. Methods and Results Viable isolated human IMA segments were obtained from 116 patients (44 women [mean age, 66.8±12.2 years] and 72 men [mean age, 66.6±10.4 years]) undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Cumulative concentration‐response curves for serotonin and thromboxane A2 mimetic, U46619, were determined and revealed an increased sensitivity to serotonin but not U46619 in women. This sex difference to serotonin was further assessed by the following: (1) endothelial denudation, (2) endothelial NO synthase inhibition and NO quantification using electron paramagnetic resonance, (3) cyclooxygenase inhibition and prostaglandin metabolite quantification using mass spectrometry, and (4) quantification of receptor activity status. The female hyperreactivity to serotonin was (1) abolished by endothelial denudation; (2) unaffected by NO synthase inhibition, with no difference in electron paramagnetic resonance–assessed NO levels; (3) abolished by cyclooxygenase inhibition (quantification of prostaglandins in IMA revealed a trend towards reduced 6‐keto prostaglandin F1α in female IMA; P=0.08); and (4) unrelated to receptor activity. Conclusions These data indicate that female IMAs are hyperreactive to serotonin but not U46619, with the former attributable to an endothelium‐dependent cyclooxygenase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Lamin
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
| | - Amenah Jaghoori
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel Jakobczak
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Irene Stafford
- Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tamila Heresztyn
- Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Worthington
- D'Arcy Sutherland Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - James Edwards
- D'Arcy Sutherland Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Fabiano Viana
- D'Arcy Sutherland Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert Stuklis
- D'Arcy Sutherland Cardiothoracic Surgical Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David P Wilson
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
| | - John F Beltrame
- Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia .,Cardiology Unit, Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Majed BH, Khalil RA. Molecular mechanisms regulating the vascular prostacyclin pathways and their adaptation during pregnancy and in the newborn. Pharmacol Rev 2012; 64:540-82. [PMID: 22679221 DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.004770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostacyclin (PGI(2)) is a member of the prostanoid group of eicosanoids that regulate homeostasis, hemostasis, smooth muscle function and inflammation. Prostanoids are derived from arachidonic acid by the sequential actions of phospholipase A(2), cyclooxygenase (COX), and specific prostaglandin (PG) synthases. There are two major COX enzymes, COX1 and COX2, that differ in structure, tissue distribution, subcellular localization, and function. COX1 is largely constitutively expressed, whereas COX2 is induced at sites of inflammation and vascular injury. PGI(2) is produced by endothelial cells and influences many cardiovascular processes. PGI(2) acts mainly on the prostacyclin (IP) receptor, but because of receptor homology, PGI(2) analogs such as iloprost may act on other prostanoid receptors with variable affinities. PGI(2)/IP interaction stimulates G protein-coupled increase in cAMP and protein kinase A, resulting in decreased [Ca(2+)](i), and could also cause inhibition of Rho kinase, leading to vascular smooth muscle relaxation. In addition, PGI(2) intracrine signaling may target nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and regulate gene transcription. PGI(2) counteracts the vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregation effects of thromboxane A(2) (TXA(2)), and both prostanoids create an important balance in cardiovascular homeostasis. The PGI(2)/TXA(2) balance is particularly critical in the regulation of maternal and fetal vascular function during pregnancy and in the newborn. A decrease in PGI(2)/TXA(2) ratio in the maternal, fetal, and neonatal circulation may contribute to preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), respectively. On the other hand, increased PGI(2) activity may contribute to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and intraventricular hemorrhage in premature newborns. These observations have raised interest in the use of COX inhibitors and PGI(2) analogs in the management of pregnancy-associated and neonatal vascular disorders. The use of aspirin to decrease TXA(2) synthesis has shown little benefit in preeclampsia, whereas indomethacin and ibuprofen are used effectively to close PDA in the premature newborn. PGI(2) analogs have been used effectively in primary pulmonary hypertension in adults and have shown promise in PPHN. Careful examination of PGI(2) metabolism and the complex interplay with other prostanoids will help design specific modulators of the PGI(2)-dependent pathways for the management of pregnancy-related and neonatal vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoule H Majed
- Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Vascular Surgery, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Oyekan AO. Differential effects of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid on intrarenal blood flow in the rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 313:1289-95. [PMID: 15769866 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.104.080218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that endothelin-1-induced medullary vasodilation despite a potent cortical vasoconstriction in the rat kidney may be accounted for by 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) production. This study characterized the effects of 20-HETE and its metabolites, 20-hydroxy prostaglandin E(2) (20-OH PGE(2)) and 20-hydroxy prostaglandin F(2alpha) (20-OH PGF(2alpha)), and the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) and prostanoids to the changes evoked in cortical blood flow (CBF) and medullary blood flow (MBF). We tested the hypothesis that 20-HETE produces qualitatively different regional hemodynamic effects in the kidney with 20-OH PGF(2alpha) or 20-OH PGE(2), accounting for the vasoconstriction or vasodilation, respectively, in the cortex and medulla. Renal intra-arterial infusion of 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 ng/min 20-HETE decreased CBF by 10 +/- 3, 24 +/- 4, 40 +/- 7, and 58 +/- 9 perfusion units (PU), respectively, but increased MBF by 4 +/- 2, 16 +/- 4, 27 +/- 3, and 41 +/- 10 PU, respectively. 20-OH PGF(2alpha) mimics the effects of 20-HETE, as did PGF(2alpha). However, 20-OH PGE(2) increased both CBF and MBF, as did PGE(2). Indomethacin (5 mg/kg) blunted the effects of 20-HETE but not that of 20-OH PGE(2) and 20-OH PGF(2alpha). However, SQ29548 ([1S-[1alpha,2alpha(Z),3alpha,4alpha]]-7-[3[[2-[(phenylamino)carbonyl[hydrazino]methyl]-7-oxabicyclo]2.2.1]hept-2-yl]-5-heptenoic acid) (0.1 mg/kg), a prostaglandin H(2)/thromboxane A(2) receptor antagonist, blunted the cortical and medullary hemodynamic effects elicited by 20-HETE, 20-OH PGE(2), 20-OH PGF(2alpha), and PGF(2alpha) but not PGE(2). N(omega)-L-nitro arginine methyl ester (5 mg/kg), the inhibitor of NO synthase, exacerbated the cortical constrictor effects of 20-HETE and 20-OH PGF(2alpha) without affecting the medullary perfusion produced by 20-HETE or its metabolites. These findings suggest that 20-HETE, through its hydroxyl metabolites, produced differential effects in the kidney. The medullary perfusion appears to be independent of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebayo O Oyekan
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, 77004, USA.
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Oyekan AO. Contributions of nitric oxide and prostanoids and their signaling pathways to the renal medullary vasodilator effect of U46619 (9-11-dideoxy-11 alpha,9a-epoxymethano-prostaglandin F(2a)) in the rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003; 304:507-12. [PMID: 12538801 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.102.040170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that U46619 (9-11-dideoxy-11 alpha,9a-epoxymethano-prostaglandin F(2a)) evoked a medullary vasodilation and a reduction in blood pressure despite a potent cortical vasoconstriction in the anesthetized rat. The present study tested the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) and prostanoids contribute to U46619-induced increase in medullary blood flow (MBF). U46619 at 1, 3, and 5 microg/kg increased MBF (above basal values) by 16 +/- 3, 45 +/- 10, and 58 +/- 8 perfusion units, respectively, and increased NO current in the medulla by 17 +/- 4, 34 +/- 7, and 60 +/- 12 pA, respectively. N(omega)-L-Nitro-arginine methyl ester (5 mg/kg), the inhibitor of NO production, attenuated the increase in MBF (75 +/- 8%, p < 0.05) as did indomethacin (10 mg/kg), the inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (38 +/- 5%, p < 0.05), suggesting the involvement of NO and dilator prostanoids. H-Arg-Lys-Arg-Ala-Arg-Lys-Glu-OH, a synthetic peptide and selective inhibitor of cGMP-dependent protein kinase, attenuated U46619-induced medullary perfusion (52 +/- 6%, p < 0.05), but H-89 ((N-[2-((p-bromocinnamyl)aminoethyl)]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide hydrochloride), a cell-permeable, selective, and potent inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A, was without effect. Glybenclamide, a K(ATP) channel blocker, also blunted the increase by U46619 in MBF (58 +/- 7%, p < 0.05). These data suggest that NO and prostanoids contribute to U46619-induced medullary perfusion and that the effects of these mediators are coupled to activation of protein kinase G and K(ATP) channels but not protein kinase A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adebayo O Oyekan
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas 77004, USA.
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6
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Cheng Y, Austin SC, Rocca B, Koller BH, Coffman TM, Grosser T, Lawson JA, FitzGerald GA. Role of prostacyclin in the cardiovascular response to thromboxane A2. Science 2002; 296:539-41. [PMID: 11964481 DOI: 10.1126/science.1068711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 594] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Thromboxane (Tx) A2 is a vasoconstrictor and platelet agonist. Aspirin affords cardioprotection through inhibition of TxA2 formation by platelet cyclooxygenase (COX-1). Prostacyclin (PGI2) is a vasodilator that inhibits platelet function. Here we show that injury-induced vascular proliferation and platelet activation are enhanced in mice that are genetically deficient in the PGI2 receptor (IP) but are depressed in mice genetically deficient in the TxA2 receptor (TP) or treated with a TP antagonist. The augmented response to vascular injury was abolished in mice deficient in both receptors. Thus, PGI2 modulates platelet-vascular interactions in vivo and specifically limits the response to TxA2. This interplay may help explain the adverse cardiovascular effects associated with selective COX-2 inhibitors, which, unlike aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), inhibit PGI2 but not TxA2.
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MESH Headings
- 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Carotid Artery Injuries/pathology
- Carotid Artery, Common/cytology
- Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects
- Carotid Artery, Common/physiology
- Cell Division
- Cyclooxygenase 2
- Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Epoprostenol/metabolism
- Epoprostenol/physiology
- Humans
- Isoenzymes/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lactones/adverse effects
- Lactones/therapeutic use
- Male
- Membrane Proteins
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiology
- Naphthalenes
- Platelet Activation/drug effects
- Platelet Aggregation/drug effects
- Propionates
- Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases
- Receptors, Epoprostenol
- Receptors, Prostaglandin/physiology
- Receptors, Thromboxane/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Thromboxane/genetics
- Receptors, Thromboxane/physiology
- Sulfones
- Tetrahydronaphthalenes/pharmacology
- Thromboxane A2/physiology
- Tunica Intima/cytology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, 153 Johnson Pavilion, 3620 Hamilton Walk, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6084, USA
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Hui SC, Ogle CW. The hypotensive action of endoperoxide analogues in the rat. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE, DE BIOCHIMIE ET DE BIOPHYSIQUE 1993; 101:43-6. [PMID: 7684277 DOI: 10.3109/13813459308998127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The endoperoxide analogues U46619 and U44069 when injected intravenously (i.v.), into the femoral artery or directly into the aortic arch in chloralose-anaesthetised rats, decreased arterial blood pressure dose-dependently. Treatment i.v. 30 min beforehand with indomethacin (8-15 mg/kg) or atropine (2 mg/kg) attenuated the hypotensive effect of U46619 or U44069, but methysergide (5 mg/kg) was ineffective. Combined pretreatment with indomethacin and atropine reduced further the hypotensive action of the endoperoxide analogues, but was unable to block the effect completely. However, pretreatment i.v. with AH23848, a specific thromboxane A2 (TXA2)-receptor antagonist, completely abolished the depressor responses to U46619 and U44069. Bilateral vagotomy did not change the hypotensive effect of both endoperoxide analogues. These findings suggest that the vasodepressor action of U46619 or U44069 is not a reflex mechanism, nor is it related to 5-hydroxytryptamine release. This effect appears to be mediated via TXA2-receptor stimulation, with the liberation of prostacyclin and/or acetylcholine or possibly an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF), all of which produce vasodilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong
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