1
|
Abhilasha KV, Sumanth MS, Chaithra VH, Jacob SP, Thyagarajan A, Sahu RP, Rajaiah R, Prabhu KS, Kemparaju K, Travers JB, Chen CH, Marathe GK. p38 MAP-kinase inhibitor protects against platelet-activating factor-induced death in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:275-287. [PMID: 31442556 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent inflammatory agonist. In Swiss albino mice, intraperitoneal injection of PAF causes sudden death with oxidative stress and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by prolonged prothrombin time, thrombocytopenia, reduced fibrinogen content, and increased levels of fibrinogen degradation products. However, the underlying mechanism(s) is unknown. The PAF-R antagonist WEB-2086 protected mice against PAF-induced death by reducing DIC and oxidative stress. Accordingly, general antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, gallic acid, and N-acetylcysteine partially protected mice from PAF-induced death. N-acetylcysteine, a clinically used antioxidant, prevented death in 67% of mice, ameliorated DIC characteristics and histological alterations in the liver, and reduced oxidative stress. WEB-2086 suppressed H2O2-mediated oxidative stress in isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages, suggesting that PAF signaling may be a downstream effector of reactive oxygen species generation. PAF stimulated all three (ERK, JNK, and p38) of the MAP-kinases, which were also inhibited by N-acetylcysteine. Furthermore, a JNK inhibitor (SP600125) and ERK inhibitor (SCH772984) partially protected mice against PAF-induced death, whereas a p38 MAP-kinase inhibitor (SB203580) provided complete protection against DIC and death. In human platelets, which have the canonical PAF-R and functional MAP-kinases, JNK and p38 inhibitors abolished PAF-induced platelet aggregation, but the ERK inhibitor was ineffective. Our studies identify p38 MAP-kinase as a critical, but unrecognized component in PAF-induced mortality in mice. These findings suggest an alternative therapeutic strategy to address PAF-mediated pathogenicity, which plays a role in a broad range of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mosale Seetharam Sumanth
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Shancy Petsel Jacob
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, 84113, USA
| | - Anita Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Ravi Prakash Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Rajesh Rajaiah
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kempaiah Kemparaju
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India; Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Jeffrey Bryant Travers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, 45435, USA
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gopal Kedihithlu Marathe
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India; Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Manasagangothri, Mysuru, 570006, Karnataka, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sato H, Sakairi T, Fujimura H, Sugimoto J, Kume E, Kitamura K, Takahashi K. Hematological and morphological investigation of thrombogenic mechanisms in the lungs of phenylhydrazine-treated rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 65:457-62. [PMID: 22402172 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abnormality in hematological condition including hemolytic disorders has been suggested one of the risk factor of pulmonary thrombosis. We previously reported that phenylhydrazine (PHZ) could induce acute thrombosis in the rat lung. In this study, time-related hematological and histopathological changes were evaluated in PHZ-treated rats to reveal the pathogenesis of pulmonary thrombosis in hemolytic condition. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered PHZ at 40 mg/kg/day daily for up to 4 days (n=6). At 24 h after the last administration (i.e. on days 1, 2, 3, or 4), animals were euthanized and samples were subjected to hematology, light microscopy, and electron microscopy. PHZ-treated rats developed severe anemia on day 1 or later. On day 2 and after, congestion in the alveolar septa corresponding to accumulation of deformed/ghost erythrocytes in the alveolar capillaries was observed, which was the earliest change that preceded thrombus formation. Focal fibrin deposition in the alveolar septa was noted on day 3 and it expanded widely by day 4, while endothelial injury were minimally noted just on day 4. These congestive/thrombotic changes were predominant in the pulmonary capillaries. Changes in hemostatic parameters were noted only on day 4; which were prolonged prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, greatly increased plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex levels with statistical significance, and slightly decreased fibrinogen levels. In conclusion, the trigger of acute pulmonary thrombosis in PHZ-treated rats was considered to be regional stasis resulting from blockage caused by the deformed erythrocytes, and subsequent systemic hemostatic disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sato
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1, Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berthelsen LO, Kristensen AT, Tranholm M. Animal models of DIC and their relevance to human DIC: a systematic review. Thromb Res 2011; 128:103-16. [PMID: 21215993 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe clinical condition with activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Its diagnosis is based on the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) scoring system of DIC. Animal models of DIC, used to investigate pathophysiology and evaluate treatments, have not been developed in a standardized way, which impedes comparison between models and translation to the human setting. In the current review of animal models of DIC an overview of species, inducers, and dosing regimens is provided. Diagnostic approaches are compared in the light of the ISTH score and treatments tested in animal models of DIC are summarized. Systematic analysis revealed that the rat is by far the preferred species amongst animal models of DIC and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) the preferred inducer of DIC. An overview of the reporting of ISTH DIC score parameters elucidated that only about 25% of the studies measure all of the four parameters necessary for the implementation the ISTH scoring system. Furthermore, most therapeutic interventions tested in animal models of DIC are administered prophylactically, which may be irrelevant to the clinical setting and could explain why compounds effective in preclinical animal models often fail in clinical trials. It is concluded that Implementation of a scoring system in animal models of DIC may increase the ability to compare DIC amongst animal models and improve the translational aspect of treatment effect.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ayscough A, Whittaker M. Patent Update: Pulmonary-Allergy, Dermatological, Gastrointestinal & Arthritis: Platelet-activating factor receptor antagonists. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2008. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.5.7.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
5
|
Iwase M, Yokota M, Kitaichi K, Wang L, Takagi K, Nagasaka T, Izawa H, Hasegawa T. Cardiac functional and structural alterations induced by endotoxin in rats: Importance of platelet-activating factor. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:609-17. [PMID: 11373429 DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200103000-00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the time course of the alterations in left ventricular (LV) dimensions, LV wall thickness, and LV systolic function in rats with endotoxemia by using echocardiography as well as myocardial histopathologic assessments. Our second goal was to examine whether pretreatment with a platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist would ameliorate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiovascular collapse during the early phase. DESIGN A prospective, controlled, in vivo animal laboratory study. SETTING Research laboratory at a university. SUBJECTS Male, Wistar rats (8-9 wks old; n = 83). INTERVENTIONS In pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, the right carotid artery was cannulated to measure the arterial blood pressure and to sample blood. The right jugular vein also was catheterized for the administration of drugs. LPS (2 mg/kg) derived from Klebsiella pneumoniae or physiologic saline was administered in the presence or absence of pretreatment with TCV-309, a specific potent PAF antagonist. Echocardiographic studies were performed with an 8- to 13-MHz transducer. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS LPS administration immediately induced progressive hypotension. The maximal hypotensive response was observed at 10 mins after LPS infusion with mean arterial pressure decreasing from 119 +/- 2 to 56 +/- 3 mm Hg (p < .001). LV end-diastolic internal dimensions decreased from 6.4 +/- 0.1 to 3.1 +/- 0.1 mm (p < .001) at 30 mins after LPS and remained significantly reduced compared with control rats. LV end-systolic dimensions also decreased dramatically from 3.5 +/- 0.2 to 0.5 +/- 0.1 mm (p < .001) at 30 mins after LPS and remained significantly reduced throughout the experiment. LV fractional shortening increased from 45 +/- 1% to 84 +/- 2% (p < .001) at 30 mins after LPS and remained elevated compared with control rats. LV wall thickness increased strikingly from 15 mins until 2 hrs after LPS infusion. Pathologic studies demonstrated marked congestion of capillaries and mild edema in the LV myocardium. The hematocrit increased after the administration of LPS. LPS markedly increased sympathetic tone as demonstrated by the elevation of plasma concentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine. There was no elevation of concentrations of nitrite and nitrate. Pretreatment with TCV-309, a specific potent PAF antagonist, reduced LPS-induced hypotension and attenuated LV functional and structural changes. TCV-309 administration reduced the LPS-induced adrenergic activation and hemoconcentration. CONCLUSIONS The hypotension that occurred during the initial phase of LPS-induced shock was accompanied by LV functional and structural alterations. The marked increase in LV wall thickness can be ascribed to the congestion of capillaries and edema in the LV myocardium. Pretreatment with a PAF antagonist reduced LPS-induced alterations. PAF may play a pivotal role during the initial phase of LPS-induced cardiovascular responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Iwase
- Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Affiliation(s)
- A Beishuizen
- Medical Spectrum Twente Hospital Group, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Todoroki H, Higure A, Okamoto K, Okazaki K, Nagafuchi Y, Takeda S, Katoh H, Itoh H, Ohsato K, Nakamura S. Possible role of platelet-activating factor in the in vivo expression of tissue factor in neutrophils. J Surg Res 1998; 80:149-55. [PMID: 9878306 DOI: 10.1006/jsre.1998.5348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, we demonstrated that neutrophils express tissue factor (TF) in a model of acute obstructive cholangitis (AOC). However, the regulation of TF expression was not clear. In this study, we clarified the role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in TF expression in neutrophils. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a model of AOC, intravenous PAF antagonist, (SM-12502, 200 mg/kg) was administered 5 min before sepsis was induced. Normal saline was given as a control. Coagulation parameters and TF activity were monitored for 6 h. Thereafter, the liver was harvested for histological examination. RESULTS The percentage of neutrophils which stained positive for TF was significantly reduced by SM-12502 (74.9 +/- 19.3% vs 96.3 +/- 2.8%) (P < 0.01). The number of leukocytes infiltrating the liver was also significantly reduced. Coagulation abnormalities, TF activity, and focal necrosis of the hepatocytes were reduced by SM-12502. CONCLUSIONS SM-12502 inhibits TF expression in neutrophils which have infiltrated the liver sinusoids, reducing the subsequent infiltration of leukocytes. These results suggest that PAF plays an important role in the expression of TF in neutrophils in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Todoroki
- Department of Surgery 1, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Asada Y, Marutsuka K, Hatakeyama K, Sato Y, Hara S, Kisanuki A, Sumiyoshi A. The role of tissue factor in the pathogenesis of thrombosis and atherosclerosis. J Atheroscler Thromb 1998; 4:135-9. [PMID: 9730145 DOI: 10.5551/jat1994.4.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
TF is a major regulator of coagulation and hemostasis. High levels of TF antigen and activity are detected in atherosclerotic lesions, particularly in the advanced lesions. When the plaques are ruptured or eroded, exposure of cellular and extracellular TF to circulating blood play a pivotal role in mediating fibrin-rich thrombus formation leading to acute coronary syndromes. On the other hand, activation of blood coagulation and deficiency of coagulation inhibitors, without endothelial cell denudation, are considered to be an important factor of thrombogenesis in the microcirculation. The imbalance between TF and TFPI seems to be important in promoting fibrin thrombus formation in the lung of endotoxin induced DIC condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Asada
- 1st Department of Pathology, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Onaya J, Kyogashima M, Sunose A, Miyauchi S, Mizuno S, Horie K. Effects of dermatan sulfate, a heparin cofactor II mediated thrombin inhibitor, on the endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation model in the rat: comparison with low-molecular weight heparin, nafamostat mesilate and argathroban. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 1998; 76:397-404. [PMID: 9623718 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.76.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Effects of dermatan sulfate (DS) on the endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rat model were compared with those of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH), nafamostat mesilate (NM) and argathroban (AR). At doses of 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/4 hr, DS significantly ameliorated the decrease of fibrinogen (Fbg), the increase of fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and except at the highest dose (20 mg/kg/4 hr), the prolongation of thrombin clotting time (TCT). It also decreased the glomerular fibrin deposits (%GFD) at doses of 10 or 20 mg/kg/4 hr. LMWH suppressed the decrease of Fbg and the increase of FDP at doses of 1.4 or 2.8 mg/kg/4 hr. Only the highest dose of LMWH suppressed the decrease of the platelet count (PL), the prolongation of prothrombin time, and improved the %GFD. AR suppressed the decrease of PL and improved the %GFD. At the dose required to improve the %GFD, DS (5, 10 mg/kg/4 hr) significantly suppressed the prolongation of TCT, which is related to the bleeding frequency, while LMWH and AR further increased the prolongation of the TCT. These results suggest that DS has potential as a therapeutic drug with a lower hemorrhagic risk as compared with LMWH and AR in the treatment of DIC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Onaya
- Tokyo Research Institute, Seikagaku Corporation, Higashiyamato, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Giral M, Balsa D, Ferrando R, Merlos M, Garcia-Rafanell J, Forn J. Effects of UR-12633, a new antagonist of platelet-activating factor, in rodent models of endotoxic shock. Br J Pharmacol 1996; 118:1223-31. [PMID: 8818347 PMCID: PMC1909590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
1. The effects of the selective and potent novel platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist, UR-12633 (1-(3,3-diphenylpropionyl)-4-(3-pyridylcyanomethyl)piperidin e) on several markers of endotoxic shock syndrome were evaluated in rats and mice. 2. UR-12633, administered 60 min after E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), reversed the LPS-induced sustained hypotension in rats at doses of 0.01 to 1 mg kg-1, i.v. The reference compound WEB-2086 (1 mg kg-1) also reversed the LPS-induced hypotension. UR-12633 (1 mg kg-1), administered 10 min before LPS, almost fully inhibited sustained hypotension. The immediate hypotension (within 1 min) caused by LPS was not prevented by either UR-12633 or WEB-2086. 3. Pretreatment with 10 mg kg-1, i.v. of either UR-12633 or WEB-2086 inhibited the increase in disseminated intravascular coagulation markers, such as activated partial thromboplastin time (55 and 74% inhibition, respectively), and prothrombin time (22 and 72% inhibition) and prevented the decrease in plasma fibrinogen content (100 and 29% inhibition). 4. Increases in acid phosphatase (ACP) plasma activity, a marker of lysosomal activation, and in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a marker of tissue damage, were inhibited by pretreatment with 10 mg kg-1, i.v. of either UR-12633 or WEB-2086 (100% and 69% inhibition, ACP; 62 and 48% inhibition, LDH). Hyperglycaemia (71 and 46%) and hyperlactacidaemia (92 and 56%) were also inhibited. 5. UR-12633, but not WEB-2086, inhibited the LPS-induced increase in vascular permeability in rats, as shown by prevention of haemoconcentration and, to a lesser degree, the increase in Evans blue dye extravasation. 6. In a series of nine reference compounds and UR-12633, we found a high correlation (P < 0.001) between PAF antagonist activity, measured as the inhibition of PAF-induced rabbit platelet aggregation or PAF-induced mortality in mice and the inhibition of LPS-induced mortality. 7. In spite of the multifactorial nature of endotoxic shock, in which many mediators may be involved, the new potent PAF antagonist, UR-12633, proved effective in protecting against changes in most shock markers. These data strongly suggest a key role for PAF in the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock in rodents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Giral
- Research Center, J. Uriach & Cía, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Marsh CB, Wewers MD. The pathogenesis of sepsis. Factors that modulate the response to gram-negative bacterial infection. Clin Chest Med 1996; 17:183-97. [PMID: 8792060 DOI: 10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria gain access to the bloodstream by evading host defenses. Once in circulation, lipopolysaccharide interacts with the host receptor CD14 and initiates the host's immune response. Lipolysaccharide stimulates the host to produce a cascade of mediators that activate and target leukocytes, opsonize the bacteria, and induce fever to defend against the invading bacteria. Unregulated release of these mediators, however, leads to the production of vasoactive substances, activation of the clotting cascade, and diminution of cardiac performance, which leads to the sepsis syndrome. This article discusses the pathogenic events that lead to sepsis syndrome and reviews critical steps in regulating these inflammatory mediators to allow the host to recover from gram-negative bacteremia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C B Marsh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Morooka S, Natsume Y. Effect of SM-12502 on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in tumor-bearing rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1996; 416:189-93. [PMID: 9131147 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-0179-8_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of PAF in tumor-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), we have established the tumor-induced DIC model in rats and examined the effect of PAF-antagonist as compared with commonly used anti-DIC drugs. Four days after the intraperitoneal inoculation of rat ascites hepatoma AH-130, DIC-like hematological parameter changes such as decrease in platelet count, prolongation of PTT and increase in FDP were observed. In addition, serum levels of GOT and GPT were increased, indicating that liver injury was provoked. PAF-antagonist SM-12502 inhibited the development of DIC (PT, PTT and FDP) and liver injury. These results indicate that PAF plays an important role in tumor-associated DIC as well as accompanying organ failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Morooka
- Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Research Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Morooka S, Koike H, Imanishi N, Natsume Y. SM-12502: A Platelet Activating Factor Antagonist. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1527-3466.1995.tb00300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Choi IH, Ha TY, Lee DG, Park JS, Lee JH, Park YM, Lee HK. Occurrence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in active systemic anaphylaxis: role of platelet-activating factor. Clin Exp Immunol 1995; 100:390-4. [PMID: 7774047 PMCID: PMC1534480 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1995.tb03711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The possible occurrence of DIC in active systemic anaphylaxis was investigated in mice. Induction of active systemic anaphylaxis resulted in the development of DIC symptoms such as thrombocytopenia, prolongation of prothrombin time, hypofibrinogaemia, and elevated level of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products. In addition, in histological examinations, massive congestion and cellular infiltration in pulmonary interstitia, and considerable haemorrhage in renal medullae were observed. All these changes were nearly completely prevented by pretreatment with platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist (BN 50739). Moreover, the same haematological and morphological changes were produced by a bolus injection of PAF. These data strongly suggest that DIC occurs in active systemic anaphylaxis and PAF plays a pivotal role in the development of DIC in anaphylaxis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I H Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Summers JB, Albert DH. Platelet activating factor antagonists. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 1995; 32:67-168. [PMID: 7748804 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)61012-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J B Summers
- Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|