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Ghahremani M, Tran H, Biglou SG, O'Gallagher B, She YM, Plaxton WC. A glycoform of the secreted purple acid phosphatase AtPAP26 co-purifies with a mannose-binding lectin (AtGAL1) upregulated by phosphate-starved Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1139-1157. [PMID: 30156702 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The purple acid phosphatase AtPAP26 plays a central role in Pi-scavenging by Pi-starved (-Pi) Arabidopsis. Mass spectrometry (MS) of AtPAP26-S1 and AtPAP26-S2 glycoforms secreted by -Pi suspension cells demonstrated that N-glycans at Asn365 and Asn422 were modified in AtPAP26-S2 to form high-mannose glycans. A 55-kDa protein that co-purified with AtPAP26-S2 was identified as a Galanthus nivalis agglutinin-related and apple domain lectin-1 (AtGAL1; At1g78850). MS revealed that AtGAL1 was bisphosphorylated at Tyr38 and Thr39 and glycosylated at four conserved Asn residues. When AtGAL was incubated in the presence of a thiol-reducing reagent prior to immunoblotting, its cross-reactivity with anti-AtGAL1-IgG was markedly attenuated (consistent with three predicted disulfide bonds in AtGAL1's apple domain). Secreted AtGAL1 polypeptides were upregulated to a far greater extent than AtGAL1 transcripts during Pi deprivation, indicating posttranscriptional control of AtGAL1 expression. Growth of a -Pi atgal1 mutant was unaffected, possibly due to compensation by AtGAL1's closest paralog, AtGAL2 (At1g78860). Nevertheless, AtGAL1's induction by numerous stresses combined with the broad distribution of AtGAL1-like lectins in diverse species implies an important function for AtGAL1 orthologs within the plant kingdom. We hypothesize that binding of AtPAP26-S2's high-mannose glycans by AtGAL1 enhances AtPAP26 function to facilitate Pi-scavenging by -Pi Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hue Tran
- Oncolytics Biotech Inc., Calgary, Canada
| | - Sanaz G Biglou
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | | | - Yi-Min She
- Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - William C Plaxton
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Minteer SD. Oxidative bioelectrocatalysis: From natural metabolic pathways to synthetic metabolons and minimal enzyme cascades. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1857:621-624. [PMID: 26334845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Anodic bioelectrodes for biofuel cells are more complex than cathodic bioelectrodes for biofuel cells, because laccase and bilirubin oxidase can individually catalyze four electron reduction of oxygen to water, whereas most anodic enzymes only do a single two electron oxidation of a complex fuel (i.e. glucose oxidase oxidizing glucose to gluconolactone while generating 2 electrons of the total 24 electrons), so enzyme cascades are typically needed for complete oxidation of the fuel. This review article will discuss the lessons learned from natural metabolic pathways about multi-step oxidation and how those lessons have been applied to minimal or artificial enzyme cascades. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biodesign for Bioenergetics--the design and engineering of electronic transfer cofactors, proteins and protein networks, edited by Ronald L. Koder and J.L. Ross Anderson.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley D Minteer
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering, University of Utah, 315 S 1400 E Rm 2020, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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The structural and functional coordination of glycolytic enzymes in muscle: evidence of a metabolon? BIOLOGY 2014; 3:623-44. [PMID: 25247275 PMCID: PMC4192631 DOI: 10.3390/biology3030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism sustains life through enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions within the cells of all organisms. The coupling of catalytic function to the structural organization of enzymes contributes to the kinetic optimization important to tissue-specific and whole-body function. This coupling is of paramount importance in the role that muscle plays in the success of Animalia. The structure and function of glycolytic enzyme complexes in anaerobic metabolism have long been regarded as a major regulatory element necessary for muscle activity and whole-body homeostasis. While the details of this complex remain to be elucidated through in vivo studies, this review will touch on recent studies that suggest the existence of such a complex and its structure. A potential model for glycolytic complexes and related subcomplexes is introduced.
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Dong M, Yang LL, Williams K, Fisher SJ, Hall SC, Biggin MD, Jin J, Witkowska HE. A “Tagless” Strategy for Identification of Stable Protein Complexes Genome-wide by Multidimensional Orthogonal Chromatographic Separation and iTRAQ Reagent Tracking. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:1836-49. [DOI: 10.1021/pr700624e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Lee Lisheng Yang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Katherine Williams
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Susan J. Fisher
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Steven C. Hall
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Mark D. Biggin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Jian Jin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H. Ewa Witkowska
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California 94404, UCSF Mass Spectrometry Core Facility and Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, and Virtual Institute for Microbial Stress and Survival, Berkeley, California 94720
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Svedruzić ZM, Spivey HO. Interaction between mammalian glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and L-lactate dehydrogenase from heart and muscle. Proteins 2006; 63:501-11. [PMID: 16444750 DOI: 10.1002/prot.20862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The exceptionally high protein concentration in living cells can favor functional protein-protein interactions that can be difficult to detect with purified proteins. In this study we describe specific interactions between mammalian D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes from heart and muscle. We use poly(ethylene-glycol) (PEG)-induced coprecipitation and native agarose electrophoresis as two independent methods uniquely suited to mimic some of the conditions that can favor protein-protein interaction in living cells. We found that GAPDH interacts with heart or muscle isozymes of LDH with approximately one-to-one stoichiometry. The interaction is specific; GAPDH shows interaction with two LDH isozymes that have very different net charge and solubility in PEG solution, while no interaction is observed with GAPDH from other species, other NAD(H) dehydrogenases, or other proteins that have very similar net charge and molecular mass. Analytical ultracentrifugation showed that the LDH and GAPDH complex is insoluble in PEG solution. The interaction is abolished by saturation with NADH, but not by saturation with NAD(+) in correlation with GAPDH solubility in PEG solution. The crystal structures show that GAPDH and LDH isozymes share complementary size, shape, and electric potential surrounding the active sites. The presented results suggest that GAPDH and LDH have a functional interaction that can affect NAD(+)/NADH metabolism and glycolysis in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeljko M Svedruzić
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 246 B Noble Research Center, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA.
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Belancic A, Gunata Z, Vallier MJ, Agosin E. Beta-glucosidase from the grape native yeast Debaryomyces vanrijiae: purification, characterization, and its effect on monoterpene content of a Muscat grape juice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:1453-9. [PMID: 12590497 DOI: 10.1021/jf025777l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Six hundred ten yeast colonies isolated from various vineyards in Chile were screened for the presence of a beta-glucosidase activity as well as the resistance to glucose and ethanol inhibition. Among them, Debaryomyces vanrijiae was found to produce high levels of an extracelular beta-glucosidase which was tolerant to glucose (K(i) = 439 mM) and ethanol inhibitions. The enzyme (designated DV-BG) was purified to apparent homogeneity, respectively, by gel filtration, ion-exchange, and chromatofocusing techniques. Its molecular weight was 100 000, and its pI 3.0, optimum pH, and temperature activities were 5.0 and 40 degrees C, respectively, and had a V(max) of 47.6 micromol min(-)(1) mg(-)(1) and a K(m) of 1.07 mM. The enzyme was active against different beta-d-glucosides including glucosidic flavor precursors. The disaccharidic flavor precursors were not substrates for the enzyme. When added to a Muscat grape juice, the concentration of several monoterpenes increased as the consequence of its hydrolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Belancic
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Bioprocesos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 306 correo 22, Santiago, Chile
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Al-Habori M. Macromolecular crowding and its role as intracellular signalling of cell volume regulation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2001; 33:844-64. [PMID: 11461828 DOI: 10.1016/s1357-2725(01)00058-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macromolecular crowding has been proposed as a mechanism by means of which a cell can sense relatively small changes in volume or, more accurately, the concentration of intracellular solutes. According to the macromolecular theory, the kinetics and equilibria of enzymes can be greatly influenced by small changes in the concentration of ambient, inert macromolecules. A 10% change in the concentration of intracellular proteins can lead to changes of up to a factor of ten in the thermodynamic activity of putative molecular regulatory species, and consequently, the extent to which such regulator(s) may bind to and activate membrane-associated ion transporters. The aim of this review is to examine the concept of macromolecular crowding and how it profoundly affects macromolecular association in an intact cell with particular emphasis on its implication as a sensor and a mechanism through which cell volume is regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Al-Habori
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sana'a, PO Box 19065, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen.
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8
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Rivoal J, Trzos S, Gage DA, Plaxton WC, Turpin DH. Two unrelated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase polypeptides physically interact in the high molecular mass isoforms of this enzyme in the unicellular green alga Selenastrum minutum. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:12588-97. [PMID: 11278626 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m010150200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the chlorophyte Selenastrum minutum, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) exists as two kinetically distinct classes of isoforms sharing the same 102-kDa catalytic subunit (p102). Class 1 PEPC is homotetrameric, whereas Class 2 PEPCs consist of three large protein complexes. The different Class 2 PEPCs contain p102 and 130-, 73-, and 65-kDa polypeptides in different stoichiometric combinations. Immunoblot, immunoprecipitation, and chemical cross-linking studies indicated that p102 physically interacts with the 130-kDa polypeptide (p130) in Class 2 PEPCs. Immunological data and mass spectrometric and sequence analyses revealed that p102 and p130 are not closely related even if a p130 tryptic peptide had significant similarity to a conserved PEPC C-terminal domain from several sources. Evidence supporting the hypothesis that p130 has PEPC activity includes the following. (i) Specific activity expressed relative to the amount of p102 was lower in Class 1 than in Class 2 PEPCs; (ii) reductive pyridoxylation of both p102 and p130 was inhibited by magnesium-phosphoenolpyruvate; and (iii) biphasic phosphoenolpyruvate binding kinetics were observed with Class 2 PEPCs. These data support the view that unicellular green algae uniquely express, regulate, and assemble divergent PEPC polypeptides. This probably serves an adaptive purpose by poising these organisms for survival in different environments varying in nutrient content.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rivoal
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
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Karpouza AP, Vakirtzi-Lemonias C. The platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase of mouse platelets. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1997; 1323:12-22. [PMID: 9030208 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(96)00178-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolases are a family of distinct enzymes with the common property of hydrolyzing and inactivating PAF. It has been shown that the structure and the biochemical behavior of these enzymes depend on their cellular origin. We studied the PAF acetylhydrolase activity in mouse platelets in order to investigate the unusual response of these platelets to PAF. We found that mouse platelets contain a PAF acetylhydrolase with an apparent Km value of 0.8 microM, suggesting a very high affinity for PAF. Contrary to other normal mammalian cells and tissues, mouse platelet PAF acetylhydrolase is almost equally distributed in the membranes and the cytosol and is characterized by an extreme sensitivity to heating. The enzyme requires the presence of dithioerythritol for maximal activity, it is affected by 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) and N-ethylmaleimide and it is strongly inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride. We purified, to near homogeneity, the PAF acetylhydrolase from mouse platelet membranes and demonstrated that it is a protein relatively abundant in the membranes with an apparent molecular weight of 270 kDa. Electrophoretic analysis, under reducing conditions, revealed four bands and one duplet with molecular weights of 66, 55, 52, 49 and 62 kDa. respectively. Thus, PAF hydrolysis in mouse platelets is mediated by a PAF acetylhydrolase having biophysical and biochemical properties more intricate than those of the PAF acetylhydrolases found in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Karpouza
- National Centre for Scientific Research DEMOKRITOS, Athens, Greece
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Mitchell CG. Identification of a multienzyme complex of the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes containing citrate synthase isoenzymes from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biochem J 1996; 313 ( Pt 3):769-74. [PMID: 8611153 PMCID: PMC1216976 DOI: 10.1042/bj3130769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A multienzyme complex of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, catalysing the consecutive reactions from fumarate to 2-oxoglutarate, has been identified in extracts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa prepared by gentle osmotic lysis of the cells. The individual enzyme activities of fumarase, malate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, aconitase and isocitrate dehydrogenase can be used to reconstitute the complex. The citrate synthase isoenzymes, CSI and CSII, from this organism can be used either together or as the individual activities to reconstitute the complex. No complex can be reformed in the absence of CSI or CSII. Which CS isoenzyme predominates in the complex depends on the phase of growth at which the cells were harvested and the extract prepared. More CSI was found in the complex during exponential growth, whereas CSII predominated during the stationary phase. The results support the idea of a 'metabolon' in this organism, with the composition of the CS component varying during the growth cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Mitchell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Napier University, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K
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Abstract
The size distribution of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity was investigated in cell extracts prepared from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Bio-Gel A-5M chromatography of 105,000 g supernatants separated isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase activity into three peaks, with apparent molecular masses (Da) of about 100,000, 350,000 and 10(6) or greater. Similar results were obtained with synthetases specific for glutamic acid, serine and tyrosine. Sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation of yeast supernatants also provided evidence for the existence of synthetase complexes. These data provide the first evidence for the existence of a high-molecular-mass aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex in yeast, perhaps similar to those reported in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, Morgantown 26506-9142, USA
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