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Raval K, Kumaresan A, Sinha MK, Elango K, Ebenezer Samuel King JP, Nag P, Paul N, Talluri TR, Patil S. Sperm proteomic landscape is altered in breeding bulls with greater sperm DNA fragmentation index. Theriogenology 2024; 216:82-92. [PMID: 38159388 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Although, it is well understood that sperm DNA damage is associated with infertility, the molecular details of how damaged sperm DNA affects fertility are not fully elucidated. Since sperm proteins play an important role in fertilization and post-fertilization events, the present study aimed to identify the sperm proteomic alterations in bulls with high sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI%). Semen from Holstein-Friesian crossbred breeding bulls (n = 50) was subjected to Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay. Based on DFI%, bulls were classified into either high- (HDFI; n = 6), or low-DFI (LDFI; n = 6) and their spermatozoa were subjected to high throughput proteomic analysis. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis identified 4567 proteins in bull spermatozoa. A total of 2660 proteins were found common to both the groups, while 1193 and 714 proteins were unique to HDFI and LDFI group, respectively. A total of 265 proteins were up regulated and 262 proteins were down regulated in HDFI group. It was found that proteins involved in capacitation [heparin binding (molecular function), ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (biological process), PI3K-Akt signalling (pathway), Jak-STAT signalling (pathway)], spermatogenesis [TLR signalling (pathway), gamete generation (biological process)] and DNA repair mechanism (biological process) were significantly altered in the bulls with high DFI%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathan Raval
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India.
| | - Manish Kumar Sinha
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Kamaraj Elango
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - John Peter Ebenezer Samuel King
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Pradeep Nag
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Nilendu Paul
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
| | - Thirumala Rao Talluri
- Equine Production Campus, ICAR-National Research Centre on Equines, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shivanagouda Patil
- Theriogenology Laboratory, Southern Regional Station of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, 560030, Karnataka, India
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Lacalle E, Fernández-Alegre E, Gómez-Giménez B, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Martín-Fernández B, Soriano-Úbeda C, Martínez-Pastor F. Application of Flow Cytometry Using Advanced Chromatin Analyses for Assessing Changes in Sperm Structure and DNA Integrity in a Porcine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1953. [PMID: 38396632 PMCID: PMC10888687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromatin status is critical for sperm fertility and reflects spermatogenic success. We tested a multivariate approach for studying pig sperm chromatin structure to capture its complexity with a set of quick and simple techniques, going beyond the usual assessment of DNA damage. Sperm doses from 36 boars (3 ejaculates/boar) were stored at 17 °C and analyzed on days 0 and 11. Analyses were: CASA (motility) and flow cytometry to assess sperm functionality and chromatin structure by SCSA (%DFI, DNA fragmentation; %HDS, chromatin maturity), monobromobimane (mBBr, tiol status/disulfide bridges between protamines), chromomycin A3 (CMA3, protamination), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG, DNA oxidative damage). Data were analyzed using linear models for the effects of boar and storage, correlations, and multivariate analysis as hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis (PCA). Storage reduced sperm quality parameters, mainly motility, with no critical oxidative stress increases, while chromatin status worsened slightly (%DFI and 8-oxo-dG increased while mBBr MFI-median fluorescence intensity-and disulfide bridge levels decreased). Boar significantly affected most chromatin variables except CMA3; storage also affected most variables except %HDS. At day 0, sperm chromatin variables clustered closely, except for CMA3, and %HDS and 8-oxo-dG correlated with many variables (notably, mBBr). After storage, the relation between %HDS and 8-oxo-dG remained, but correlations among other variables disappeared, and mBBr variables clustered separately. The PCA suggested a considerable influence of mBBr on sample variance, especially regarding storage, with SCSA and 8-oxo-dG affecting between-sample variability. Overall, CMA3 was the least informative, in contrast with results in other species. The combination of DNA fragmentation, DNA oxidation, chromatin compaction, and tiol status seems a good candidate for obtaining a complete picture of pig sperm nucleus status. It raises many questions for future molecular studies and deserves further research to establish its usefulness as a fertility predictor in multivariate models. The usefulness of CMA3 should be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estíbaliz Lacalle
- Institute of Animal Health and Cattle Development (INDEGSAL), University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (E.L.); (B.M.-F.)
- Bianor Biotech SL, 24071 León, Spain
| | | | - Belén Gómez-Giménez
- Institute of Animal Health and Cattle Development (INDEGSAL), University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (E.L.); (B.M.-F.)
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology, Spanish Scientific Research Council (INIA-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Martín-Fernández
- Institute of Animal Health and Cattle Development (INDEGSAL), University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (E.L.); (B.M.-F.)
- Department of Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Cristina Soriano-Úbeda
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Veterinary Anatomy (Animal Medicine and Surgery), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Felipe Martínez-Pastor
- Institute of Animal Health and Cattle Development (INDEGSAL), University of León, 24071 León, Spain; (E.L.); (B.M.-F.)
- Department of Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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Ahmed H, Jahan S, Ijaz MU, Riaz M, Ullah F. Relaxin (a regulatory-peptide) enhances cryotolerance, fertility potential and plasma reproductive hormones of Nili Ravi buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) during low breeding season. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104996. [PMID: 37688902 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the beneficial effects of relaxin on cryotolerance of buffalo spermatozoa and reproductive hormones during low breeding season. Collected semen was diluted in five aliquots with relaxin addition (0.25 mg/mL, 0.50 mg/mL, 0.75 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL, and control). After gentle dilution (37°C), cooling (4°C, 2 h), equilibration (4°C, 4 h), and packaging (straws, polyvinyl French, 0.5 mL), frozen (cell freezer), and thawed (37°C, 30 s) for analysis. Blood samples were collected at different time intervals i.e., -60, -30 and 0 min (pre-dose) and 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min (post-dose) from a jugular vein. This study manifest that adding relaxin (1 mg/ mL) in freezing medium ameliorates sperm motility, functionality (%), and seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC, μM/L) than control during low breeding season. Furthermore, we found that relaxin supplementation at 1 mg/mL significantly improves seminal plasma ATP concentrations (nmol/million) than control, 0.25 mg/mL, and 0.50 mg/mL, and fertility (control, and 0.75 mg/mL). Further, relaxin injection significantly improves plasma T, LH and IGF-1 levels (150 and 120 min vs. -60, and - 30), and FSH, KP, and GnRH concentrations (150 min vs. -60), during low breeding season. Taken together, this study revealed that relaxin ameliorates motility, functionality, and fertility of buffalo spermatozoa. Moreover, relaxin injection (1 mg/mL) improves essential reproductive hormones levels in buffalo signifying its importance in the field of reproductive physiology. Further studies are required to determine the exact mechanism of action of relaxin in enhancing semen quality, fertility and reproductive hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussain Ahmed
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Zoology, University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan.
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Zoology, University of Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Women University Swabi, KP, Pakistan
| | - Farhad Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
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Ribas-Maynou J, Llavanera M, Mateo-Otero Y, Garcia-Bonavila E, Delgado-Bermúdez A, Yeste M. Direct but Not Indirect Methods Correlate the Percentages of Sperm With Altered Chromatin to the Intensity of Chromatin Damage. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:719319. [PMID: 34746276 PMCID: PMC8570191 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.719319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sperm chromatin damage, understood as damage to DNA or affectations in sperm protamination, has been proposed as a biomarker for sperm quality in both humans and livestock, the low incidence found in some animals raises concerns about its potential value. In this context, as separate methods measure different facets of chromatin damage, their comparison is of vital importance. This work aims at analyzing eight techniques assessing chromatin damage in pig sperm. With this purpose, cryopreserved sperm samples from 16 boars were evaluated through the following assays: TUNEL, TUNEL with decondensation, SCSA, alkaline and neutral sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) tests, alkaline and neutral Comet assays, and chromomycin A3 test (CMA3). In all cases, the extent of chromatin damage and the percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA were determined. The degree of chromatin damage and the percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) in direct methods (TUNEL, TUNEL with decondensation, and alkaline and neutral Comet) and CMA3, but not in the indirect ones (SCD and SCSA). Percentages of sperm with fragmented DNA determined by alkaline Comet were significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with TUNEL following decondensation and CMA3; those determined by neutral Comet were correlated with the percentage of High DNA Stainability (SCSA); those determined by SCSA were correlated with neutral and alkaline SCD; and those determined by neutral SCD were correlated with alkaline SCD. While, in pigs, percentages of sperm with fragmented DNA are directly related to the extent of chromatin damage when direct methods are used, this is not the case for indirect techniques. Thus, the results obtained herein differ from those reported for humans in which TUNEL, SCSA, alkaline SCD, and alkaline Comet were found to be correlated. These findings may shed some light on the interpretation of these tests and provide some clues for the standardization of chromatin damage methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ribas-Maynou
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Llavanera
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Yentel Mateo-Otero
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Estela Garcia-Bonavila
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Ariadna Delgado-Bermúdez
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
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Chen PR, Redel BK, Kerns KC, Spate LD, Prather RS. Challenges and Considerations during In Vitro Production of Porcine Embryos. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102770. [PMID: 34685749 PMCID: PMC8535139 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically modified pigs have become valuable tools for generating advances in animal agriculture and human medicine. Importantly, in vitro production and manipulation of embryos is an essential step in the process of creating porcine models. As the in vitro environment is still suboptimal, it is imperative to examine the porcine embryo culture system from several angles to identify methods for improvement. Understanding metabolic characteristics of porcine embryos and considering comparisons with other mammalian species is useful for optimizing culture media formulations. Furthermore, stressors arising from the environment and maternal or paternal factors must be taken into consideration to produce healthy embryos in vitro. In this review, we progress stepwise through in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo culture in pigs to assess the status of current culture systems and address points where improvements can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula R. Chen
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | | | - Karl C. Kerns
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Lee D. Spate
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Randall S. Prather
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- National Swine Resource and Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence:
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Caamaño JN, Tamargo C, Parrilla I, Martínez-Pastor F, Padilla L, Salman A, Fueyo C, Fernández Á, Merino MJ, Iglesias T, Hidalgo CO. Post-Thaw Sperm Quality and Functionality in the Autochthonous Pig Breed Gochu Asturcelta. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071885. [PMID: 34202862 PMCID: PMC8300257 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Genetic resource banks were created to preserve the genetic material of endangered, rare, valuable individuals or genetically relevant breeds. Sperm cryopreservation is a practical and widespread strategy to preserve these genetic materials. This study aimed to characterize the frozen-thawed sperm of the native pig breed Gochu Asturcelta, considering the effects of boar age and season of semen collection on post-thaw sperm quality. We found that the boar age did not have a significant effect on the sperm parameters assessed. However, the season significantly affected many of these parameters (motility, viability, acrosomal status, mitochondrial activity). In general, sperm samples collected in spring and summer showed higher quality post-thawing, the lowest in winter. Our findings demonstrated that the post-thawing sperm quality of Gochu Asturcelta was in the range of results for commercial breeds, bringing a good prospect for the use of assisted reproductive technologies in this local breed. Abstract Genetic resource banks (GRB) preserve the genetic material of endangered, valuable individuals or genetically relevant breeds. Semen cryopreservation is a crucial technique to reach these goals. Thus, we aimed to assess the sperm parameters of semen doses from the native pig breed Gochu Asturcelta stored at the GRB of Principado de Asturias (GRB-PA, Gijón, Spain), focusing on intrinsic and extrinsic (boar, season) factors. Two straws per boar (n = 18, 8–71 months of age) were thawed, pooled, and assessed after 30 and 150 min at 37 °C by CASA (computer-assisted sperm analysis system; motility and kinematic parameters) and flow cytometry (viability, acrosomal status, mitochondrial activity, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, and chromatin status). The effects of age, incubation, and season on post-thawing quality were determined using linear mixed-effects models. Parameters were on the range for commercial boar breeds, with chromatin status (SCSA: fragmentation and immaturity) being excellent. Incubation decreased sperm quality and functionality. The boar age did not have a significant effect (p > 0.05), but the between-boar variability was significant (p < 0.001). The season significantly affected many parameters (motility, kinematics, viability, acrosomal status, mitochondrial activity), especially after 150 min of incubation. In general, samples collected in spring and summer showed higher quality post-thawing, the lowest in winter. In conclusion, the sperm doses from the Gochu Asturcelta breed stored at the GRB-PA showed excellent chromatin status and acceptable characteristics after thawing. Therefore, boar and seasonal variability in this autochthonous breed could be relevant for cryobank management.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Néstor Caamaño
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33394 Gijon, Spain; (C.T.); (C.F.); (Á.F.); (M.J.M.); (C.O.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-98-450-2010
| | - Carolina Tamargo
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33394 Gijon, Spain; (C.T.); (C.F.); (Á.F.); (M.J.M.); (C.O.H.)
| | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (I.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Felipe Martínez-Pastor
- INDEGSAL, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain; (F.M.-P.); (A.S.)
- Molecular Biology (Cell Biology), Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Lorena Padilla
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain; (I.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Amer Salman
- INDEGSAL, Universidad de León, 24071 León, Spain; (F.M.-P.); (A.S.)
| | - Carmen Fueyo
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33394 Gijon, Spain; (C.T.); (C.F.); (Á.F.); (M.J.M.); (C.O.H.)
| | - Ángel Fernández
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33394 Gijon, Spain; (C.T.); (C.F.); (Á.F.); (M.J.M.); (C.O.H.)
| | - María José Merino
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33394 Gijon, Spain; (C.T.); (C.F.); (Á.F.); (M.J.M.); (C.O.H.)
| | - Tania Iglesias
- Unidad de Consultoría Estadística, Universidad de Oviedo, 33203 Gijón, Spain;
| | - Carlos Olegario Hidalgo
- Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction, Regional Service for Agrifood Research and Development (SERIDA), 33394 Gijon, Spain; (C.T.); (C.F.); (Á.F.); (M.J.M.); (C.O.H.)
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Esteves SC, Zini A, Coward RM, Evenson DP, Gosálvez J, Lewis SEM, Sharma R, Humaidan P. Sperm DNA fragmentation testing: Summary evidence and clinical practice recommendations. Andrologia 2021; 53:e13874. [PMID: 33108829 PMCID: PMC7988559 DOI: 10.1111/and.13874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein summarise the evidence concerning the impact of sperm DNA fragmentation in various clinical infertility scenarios and the advances on sperm DNA fragmentation tests. The collected evidence was used to formulate 41 recommendations. Of these, 13 recommendations concern technical aspects of sperm DNA fragmentation testing, including pre-analytical information, clinical thresholds and interpretation of results. The remaining 28 recommendations relate to indications for sperm DNA fragmentation testing and clinical management. Clinical scenarios like varicocele, unexplained infertility, idiopathic infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, intrauterine insemination, in vitro fertilisation/intracytoplasmic sperm injection, fertility counselling for men with infertility risk factors and sperm cryopreservation have been contemplated. The bulk evidence supporting the recommendations has increased in recent years, but it is still of moderate to low quality. This guideline provides clinicians with advice on best practices in sperm DNA fragmentation testing. Also, recommendations are provided on possible management strategies to overcome infertility related to sperm DNA fragmentation, based on the best available evidence. Lastly, we identified gaps in knowledge and opportunities for research and elaborated a list of recommendations to stimulate further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro C. Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction ClinicReferral Center for Male ReproductionCampinasSPBrazil
- Department of Surgery (Division of Urology)University of Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasSPBrazil
- Faculty of HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Armand Zini
- Division of UrologyDepartment of SurgerySt. Mary's HospitalMcGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada
| | - Robert Matthew Coward
- Department of UrologyUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
- UNC FertilityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Donald P. Evenson
- SCSA DiagnosticsBrookingsSDUSA
- Sanford Medical SchoolUniversity of South DakotaSioux FallsSDUSA
| | - Jaime Gosálvez
- Unit of GeneticsDepartment of BiologyUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | | | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive MedicineCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Peter Humaidan
- Faculty of HealthAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Fertility Clinic SkiveSkive Regional HospitalSkiveDenmark
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Relationship between the Length of Sperm Tail Mitochondrial Sheath and Fertility Traits in Boars Used for Artificial Insemination. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111033. [PMID: 33113996 PMCID: PMC7690677 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The length of sperm tail midpiece, occupied by the mitochondrial sheath (MS), has been correlated with reproductive traits of mice, fish, and birds; however, it is not known whether such a correlation exists in higher order species such as domestic pigs. As the mitochondria provide for sperm motility and generate the fertility-affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS), we hypothesized that MS length correlates with boar semen parameters and artificial insemination (AI) fertility. Sperm samples collected from 57 boars and used for single sire AI were labeled with ProteoStat Aggresome probe (AGG; Enzo Life Sciences) for MS imaging by epifluorescence microscopy and image-based flow cytometry (IBFC). The mean boar MS length was 7.26 ± 0.2 µm, ranging from 6.94 ± 0.18 µm to 7.65 ± 0.31 µm. The absolute longest MS measured was 9.19 µm and the shortest was 5.83 µm. Boars in the high tertile of MS length had significantly higher conception rate (CR; p = 0.05) and sperm parameters. Boars within the high tertile of average number piglets born per litter had significantly shorter MS and more varied MS length than boars in the low tertile (p = 0.04). MS length data correlated with conventional sperm parameters including percent viable and intact acrosomes (p = 0.03), basal:induced oxidation ratio (measure of intracellular ROS levels; p = 0.02) and Comp DNA (chromatin integrity; p = 0.06) along with many flow cytometric AGG parameters in IBFC. Sperm head AGG intensity median absolute deviation had a negative correlation with total born (r = −0.423 p = 0.004). These data reveal a complex relationship between sperm MS length and aggresome abundance to sperm parameters and boar reproductive success in AI service.
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Dominguez EM, Moreno-Irusta A, Rodriguez MB, Salamone DF, de Arruda RP, Losinno L, Giojalas LC. Chemotactic selection of frozen-thawed stallion sperm improves sperm quality and heterologous binding to oocytes. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106582. [PMID: 32889407 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The successful use of assisted reproduction techniques (ART) depends in part on the sperm physiological status. Several sperm selection procedures have been applied to improve quality of sperm population when using the ART. There has previously been development of a Sperm Selection Assay (SSA) for humans which is based on the attraction of capacitated sperm by chemotaxis towards progesterone (P), resulting in an enriched sperm population with an optimal physiological status similar to capacitated spermatozoa, with these cells having very little DNA fragmentation and optimal concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the present study, the aim was to adapt the SSA for frozen-thawed stallion semen samples and evaluate the functional status of those sperm selected using the SSA procedure, and to determine whether this enriched sperm population has a greater capacity to bind to the zona pellucida of cattle oocytes. There were experimental conditions developed to conduct the SSA with stallion sperm. Using these conditions, the indexes of induced acrosome reaction, protein tyrosine phosphorylation, mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial and cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species, and number of sperm bound to the zona pellucida of cattle were greater when the sperm population was selected using the SSA. Consistently, the DNA fragmentation and phospholipase C zeta indexes were less for the selected sperm. In conclusion, stallion sperm selected using chemotaxis utilizing the SSA provides a sperm population of greater quality, which when used may improve the outcomes with use of the ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Mauricio Dominguez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ayelen Moreno-Irusta
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Belén Rodriguez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, FAUBA/INPA- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel F Salamone
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, FAUBA/INPA- CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rubens Paes de Arruda
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia do Sêmen e Andrologia - LBSA, Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Losinno
- Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (UNRC), Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Catedra de Producción Equina I y II, Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (UNRC), Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Laboratorio de Producción Equina, Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Cecilia Giojalas
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas, Córdoba, Argentina.
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10
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Elkhawagah AR, Nervo T, Poletto M, Martino NA, Gallo D, Bertero A, Vincenti L. Effect of relaxin on semen quality variables of cryopreserved stallion semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 216:106351. [PMID: 32414467 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to ascertain effects of different concentrations of relaxin added to extender medium during the pre-freezing incubation periods on quality variables of stallion frozen-thawed spermatozoa. Semen samples collected from three stallions were filtered, diluted with skim milk, and centrifuged at 600g for 10 min. Sperm pellets were suspended in BotuCrio freezing medium to a final concentration of 50 × 106 sperm/mL. The diluted semen was divided into five experimental groups supplemented with 0 (control), 12.5, 25, 50, or 100 ng/mL of relaxin. The semen samples were transferred into 0.5 mL straws, equilibrated at 5 °C for 30 min, and placed in liquid nitrogen (LN2) vapour for 15 min before being plunged into LN2. After thawing, sperm samples were evaluated for motility and velocity variables, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis, and plasma membrane and DNA integrities. For sperm motility variables, there were dose- and time-dependent effects, with the largest values recorded when 12.5 and 25 ng/mL relaxin were used for 0-120 min of incubation. Furthermore, at all of the concentrations at which there were evaluations, relaxin additions to semen diluent led to a marked improvement in sperm mitochondrial membrane potential and a lesser percentage of apoptotic cells compared to the control group. Plasma membranes and DNA integrities were not affected by relaxin supplementations to the diluent. In conclusion, supplementation of relaxin in extender before semen cryopreservation, especially at 12.5 and 25 ng/mL, had a positive effect on the sperm quality variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed R Elkhawagah
- Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Tiziana Nervo
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Nicola A Martino
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy.
| | - Davide Gallo
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Division of Endocrinology Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertero
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Leila Vincenti
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy
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11
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Ortiz I, Quiñones-Pérez C, Hidalgo M, Consuegra C, Diaz-Jimenez M, Dorado J, Vega-Pla JL, Crespo F. Comparison of different mathematical models to assess seasonal variations in the longevity of DNA integrity of cooled-stored stallion sperm. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13545. [PMID: 32109320 DOI: 10.1111/and.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) has shown to give fuller understanding of stallion semen quality; however, there have been limited attempts to use this parameter to investigate seasonal changes in productive functions. The aims of this study were to: (a) establish a reliable mathematical model to describe the longevity of cooled-stored sperm DNA integrity; (b) to examine the effect of seasonal variations on SDF. Ejaculates were cooled to 5°C, and SDF was analysed after 0, 6 and 24 hr of storage. The coefficient of determination (R2 ) was calculated after fine-tuning linear (LIN), exponential (EXP) and second order polynomial (POL) models. R2 was significantly higher (p < .001) for POL than for LIN and EXP. The rate of DNA degradation was calculated using the slopes of POL equations. After assessing the rate of change of the POL functions, significant differences between the acceleration of DNA fragmentation were found (p < .01) among seasons, being higher for winter and summer than spring and autumn. In conclusion, DNA analysis of stallion sperm fits better to a second order polynomial mathematical model, being spring the best season to collect and process cooled stallion semen in order to maintain the DNA integrity of the stallion sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Ortiz
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Carlota Quiñones-Pérez
- Centro Militar de Cría Caballar de Ávila, Cría Caballar de las Fuerzas Armadas, Ávila, Spain.,Laboratorio de Investigación Aplicada, Cría Caballar de las Fuerzas Armadas, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cesar Consuegra
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Maria Diaz-Jimenez
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jesus Dorado
- Veterinary Reproduction Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Vega-Pla
- Laboratorio de Investigación Aplicada, Cría Caballar de las Fuerzas Armadas, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Crespo
- Centro Militar de Cría Caballar de Ávila, Cría Caballar de las Fuerzas Armadas, Ávila, Spain
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12
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Safety assessment of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) as a potential drug carrier in extenders for boar sperm cryopreservation. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104766. [PMID: 31923582 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymers may be used to deliver compounds in freezing extenders to minimize injuries in spermatozoa during cryopreservation, although their activity and toxicity for boar sperm are unknown. This study investigated the effects of the polymer (N-vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL), when included in extenders for boar sperm cryopreservation. In Experiment 1, sperm was exposed to PNVCL at: 0 (control); 39.1; 78.1; 156.3; and 312.5 μg/mL. Spermatozoa structure, kinetics and biochemical functions were unaltered in contact with PNVCL at 38 °C (P > .05) but declined with prolonged exposure (10, 60 and 120 min) in all treatments (P > .05). In Experiment 2, after inclusion of PNVCL in the freezing extender at the same concentrations, post-thawing sperm quality did not differ compared to the control (P > .05). Lipid peroxidation and the production of reactive oxygen species were the only parameters of sperm quality that were unaffected in both experiments, even after contact with PNVCL for 120 min (P > .05). As no negative effects were observed in post-thawing boar sperm quality, PNVCL did not incur in cytotoxicity and may be a potential carrier for antioxidants in freezing extenders.
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13
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Abstract
In the quest for predicting fertility of an individual, enhancing semen handling, dilution and storage protocols, and understanding the impact of environment and, andrologists have changed their approaches to semen analysis. The technologies used today are fast developing and readily implemented in research. Semen is one of a few naturally occurring monocellular suspensions, so sperm function analysis by flow cytometry (FC) and utilization of fluorochromes is an ideal technique for high throughput, objective and accurate analysis. The complementary use of microscopical assessments by Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA), where sperm cell parameters can be objectively assessed is equally important. The objectivity and repeatability of these techniques have driven research on the function, identification of heterogeneity and fertility of the ejaculate. The wealth of knowledge obtained from the application of these powerful methods has changed our view of the spermatozoon. Although there is some application of these methods in the industry producing boar semen for artificial insemination (AI) and to eliminate sires of sub-standard semen quality, uptake of advanced methods is still slow. Instruments are becoming cheaper and technically more user friendly. Standardization of methodology and optimization of instrument settings is important for full implementation of these systems, including comparison between labs. This review provides an update on two technologies: flow cytometry and CASA for objective analysis of boar semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nana Satake
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
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14
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Myromslien FD, Tremoen NH, Andersen-Ranberg I, Fransplass R, Stenseth EB, Zeremichael TT, van Son M, Grindflek E, Gaustad AH. Sperm DNA integrity in Landrace and Duroc boar semen and its relationship to litter size. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 54:160-166. [PMID: 30168871 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The sperm chromatin structure assay is a method for assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation, a parameter reported to be negatively related to field fertility in several mammal species. This method calculates a DNA fragmentation index (DFI) whose high values indicate abnormal chromatin structure. In this study, running from March 2010 until June 2017, the aim was to assess sperm DFI in stored liquid extended semen from two different pig breeds, Norwegian Landrace (NL; n = 693) and Norwegian Duroc (ND; n = 655), and to evaluate the influence on total number of piglets born (TNB). There was a significantly higher median DFI (p < 0.0001) in ejaculates from the 478 ND boars compared to the 452 NL boars. Data from 19,496 NL litters and 3,877 ND litters of the same boars were retrieved. For either breed, sow herd (p < 0.0001), parity (p < 0.05) and DFI (p < 0.05) showed significant effects on TNB. The DFI was negatively correlated to TNB in both breeds. The boars with the 5% lowest TNB had a least square means DFI of 3.05% and 2.24% in NL and ND, respectively, compared to 1.67% and 1.23% for the boars with the 5% highest TNB (p < 0.01). The DFI and the motility of the same semen samples were negatively correlated (p < 0.0001), and the high and low TNB groups showed significant differences in motility. However, this difference could not be used for practical prediction of TNB group (92.1% vs. 89.7%; p = 0.0038 and 92.3% vs. 89.5%; p = 0.018; NL and ND, respectively). In conclusion, our results indicate that sperm DNA integrity in semen with good motility and morphology may be an additional prediction parameter for fertility in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frøydis D Myromslien
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Nina H Tremoen
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | | | - Ragnhild Fransplass
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway.,Midtbygdsvegen 518, Øyer, Norway
| | - Else-Berit Stenseth
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Teklu T Zeremichael
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | | | | | - Ann Helen Gaustad
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway.,Topigs Norsvin, Hamar, Norway
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15
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Serafini R, Varner D, Blanchard T, Teague S, LaCaze K, Love C. Effects of seminal plasma and flash-freezing on DNA structure of stallion epididymal sperm exposed to different potentiators of DNA damage. Theriogenology 2018; 117:34-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Stewart JL, Shipley CF, Ellerbrock RE, Lima FS, Canisso IF. Variation in post-thaw sperm quality of white-tailed deer bucks (Odocoileus virginianus) during rut. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 195:121-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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17
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Kenney RM, Evenson DP, Garcia MC, Love CC. Relationships between Sperm Chromatin Structure, Motility, and Morphology of Ejaculated Sperm, and Seasonal Pregnancy Rate1. Biol Reprod 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/52.monograph_series1.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Kenney
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Georgia and Philip Hofmann Research Center for Animal Reproduction, New Bolton Center, Section of Reproductive Studies Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348-1692
| | | | | | - Charles C. Love
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Georgia and Philip Hofmann Research Center for Animal Reproduction, New Bolton Center, Section of Reproductive Studies Kennett Square, Pennsylvania 19348-1692
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18
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Evenson D, Sailer B, Jost L. Relationship between Stallion Sperm Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Susceptibility to Denaturation In Situ and Presence of DNA Strand Breaks: Implications for Fertility and Embryo Viability1. Biol Reprod 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/52.monograph_series1.655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D.P. Evenson
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007
| | - B.L. Sailer
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007
| | - L.K. Jost
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007
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19
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Amor H, Zeyad A, Alkhaled Y, Laqqan M, Saad A, Ben Ali H, Hammadeh ME. Relationship between nuclear DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial DNA damage and standard sperm parameters in spermatozoa of fertile and sub-fertile men before and after freeze-thawing procedure. Andrologia 2018. [PMID: 29527711 DOI: 10.1111/and.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the stability of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (n-DNA and mt-DNA) of spermatozoa under freeze-thawing and to find out the correlation between them and their association with standard sperm parameters. Forty-three semen samples were collected from fertile (G.1; n = 29) and sub-fertile (G.2; n = 14). N-DNA fragmentation was determined by TUNEL assay and mt-DNA using caspase 3 staining. Each semen sample was frozen at -196°C by the programmed freezer. Freeze-thawing decrease vitality, total motility and membrane integrity from (43.02 ± 22.74%; 31.63 ± 18.15%; 51.5 ± 24.82%) to (22.71 ± 17.3%; 9.21 ± 6.61%; 34.64 ± 19.92% respectively [p < .001]). G.1 native spermatozoa stained positive with TUNEL and caspase 3 were (14.85 ± 17.6% and 5.8 ± 11.59%) and increased after freeze-thawing to 27.54 ± 19.74% (p = .004) and 7.3 ± 6.13% (p = .01) respectively. In G.2, TUNEL and caspase 3 were (19.84 ± 17.52% and 7.53 ± 8.56%) and increased to (29.48 ± 16.97% [p = .03] and 10.21 ± 11.73%). In conclusion, freeze-thawing process affects not only semen parameters but also n-DNA and mt-DNA. Therefore, n-DNA and mt-DNA could be used as sensitive parameters for assessment of the cryodamage of human spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Amor
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cytogenetic& Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Farhat Hachad Sousse, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - A Zeyad
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Y Alkhaled
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - M Laqqan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - A Saad
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cytogenetic& Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Farhat Hachad Sousse, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - H Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cytogenetic& Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Farhat Hachad Sousse, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - M E Hammadeh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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20
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Fraser L, Zasiadczyk Ł, Pareek CS. Effects of boar variability on comet-detected sperm-DNA damage following cryopreservation. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/an16274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Assessment of sperm-DNA integrity is a crucial issue in male fertility. In the present study, parameters derived from the image analysis of comets after single-cell gel electrophoresis were used to analyse the types of DNA damage of frozen–thawed boar spermatozoa. Semen, frozen in a cryoprotectant-free extender or in cryoprotectant-based extenders, was analysed for DNA fragmentation and with the following comet tail measures: percentage DNA in comet tail, comet tail length and olive tail moment. The percentages of sperm DNA damage in the comet tails were classified as Type 0 (no DNA damage), Type I (very low DNA damage), Type II (light DNA damage), Type III (medium DNA damage) and Type IV (heavy DNA damage). Sperm motility characteristics and membrane integrity were assessed in the pre-freeze and frozen–thawed semen samples. Assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation and comet tail measures showed marked inter-boar variability following cryopreservation. However, consistent differences among the boars, with respect to cryo-induced sperm DNA damage, were detected by the comet tail length and olive tail moment. Besides Type IV, all types of DNA damage were detected in the cryoprotectant-based extenders. It was found that the frequency of Type II and Type III of DNA damage of frozen–thawed spermatozoa was significantly greater in the cryoprotectant-based and cryoprotectant-free extenders respectively. Deterioration in the quality of the sperm DNA integrity was concomitant with a marked decline in sperm motility characteristics, reduced plasma membrane integrity and higher lipid peroxidation and aspartate aminotransferase activity after cryopreservation. It can be suggested that the comet-assay parameters, coupled with routine laboratory tests, are useful to improve the sperm evaluations of post-thaw quality of semen from individual boars and would offer more comprehensive information for a better understanding of the degree of cryo-induced sperm-DNA damage.
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21
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Schäfer J, Waberski D, Jung M, Schulze M. Impact of holding and equilibration time on post-thaw quality of shipped boar semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 187:109-115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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van Son M, Tremoen NH, Gaustad AH, Myromslien FD, Våge DI, Stenseth EB, Zeremichael TT, Grindflek E. RNA sequencing reveals candidate genes and polymorphisms related to sperm DNA integrity in testis tissue from boars. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:362. [PMID: 29183316 PMCID: PMC5706377 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sperm DNA is protected against fragmentation by a high degree of chromatin packaging. It has been demonstrated that proper chromatin packaging is important for boar fertility outcome. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying differences in sperm DNA fragmentation. Knowledge of sequence variation influencing this sperm parameter could be beneficial in selecting the best artificial insemination (AI) boars for commercial production. The aim of this study was to identify genes differentially expressed in testis tissue of Norwegian Landrace and Duroc boars, with high and low sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), using transcriptome sequencing. Results Altogether, 308 and 374 genes were found to display significant differences in expression level between high and low DFI in Landrace and Duroc boars, respectively. Of these genes, 71 were differentially expressed in both breeds. Gene ontology analysis revealed that significant terms in common for the two breeds included extracellular matrix, extracellular region and calcium ion binding. Moreover, different metabolic processes were enriched in Landrace and Duroc, whereas immune response terms were common in Landrace only. Variant detection identified putative polymorphisms in some of the differentially expressed genes. Validation showed that predicted high impact variants in RAMP2, GIMAP6 and three uncharacterized genes are particularly interesting for sperm DNA fragmentation in boars. Conclusions We identified differentially expressed genes between groups of boars with high and low sperm DFI, and functional annotation of these genes point towards important biochemical pathways. Moreover, variant detection identified putative polymorphisms in the differentially expressed genes. Our results provide valuable insights into the molecular network underlying DFI in pigs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-017-1279-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Hårdnes Tremoen
- Department of Natural Sciences and Technology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318, Hamar, Norway.,Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Ann Helen Gaustad
- Topigs Norsvin, 2317, Hamar, Norway.,Department of Natural Sciences and Technology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318, Hamar, Norway
| | - Frøydis Deinboll Myromslien
- Department of Natural Sciences and Technology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318, Hamar, Norway
| | - Dag Inge Våge
- Centre for Integrative Genetics (CIGENE), Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Else-Berit Stenseth
- Department of Natural Sciences and Technology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2318, Hamar, Norway
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23
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Li J, Barranco I, Tvarijonaviciute A, Molina MF, Martinez EA, Rodriguez-Martinez H, Parrilla I, Roca J. Seminal plasma antioxidants are directly involved in boar sperm cryotolerance. Theriogenology 2017; 107:27-35. [PMID: 29128698 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Boar ejaculates are ejected in fractions with a specific composition in terms of sperm numbers and seminal plasma (SP), which is reflected in the varying sperm cryotolerance observed among different fractions. As boar sperm are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress, this study evaluated the role of SP antioxidants in the observed differences in sperm cryotolerance among ejaculate fractions. Ten ejaculates from five boars were manually collected in fractions: the first 10 mL of the sperm-rich fraction (SRF), the rest of the SRF and the post-SRF. Semen samples comprising the entire ejaculate (EE) were created by proportionally mixing the three fractions described above. Each of the 40 resulting semen samples was split into two aliquots: one was used for sperm cryopreservation following a standard protocol utilizing 0.5-mL straws, and the other was used to collect SP for antioxidant assessment. Frozen-thawed (FT) sperm from the SRF (the first 10 mL of the SRF and the rest of the SRF) and those from post-SRF were of the highest and worst quality, respectively, which was measured in terms of total and objective progressive motility and viability (P < 0.01). Viable FT sperm from the post-SRF generated more reactive oxygen species and experienced more lipid peroxidation than those from the SRF (both the first 10 mL and the rest of the SRF) (P < 0.01). The percentage of FT sperm exhibiting fragmented nuclear DNA did not differ among ejaculate fractions and the EE. Catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPx-5) were lowest in SP from the first 10 mL of the SRF (P < 0.001), whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and paraoxonase 1 (PON-1) were highest in SP of the SRF (both the first 10 mL and the rest of the SRF) (P < 0.01). Trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were highest in SP from the first 10 mL of the SRF and lowest in the post-SRF (P < 0.001), whereas cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity was lowest (P < 0.05) in SP from the first 10 mL of the SRF. Regression analyses indicated that certain SP antioxidants had good predictive value for post-thaw recovery rates of total motility (R2 = 54.8%, P < 0.001; including SOD, TEAC and FRAP) and viability (R2 = 56.1%, P < 0.001; including SOD, PON-1, GPx-5 and TEAC). These results demonstrated that certain SP antioxidants are positively involved in boar sperm cryotolerance, minimizing the oxidative stress imposed by cryogenic handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Barranco
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel F Molina
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Emilio A Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Inmaculada Parrilla
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Jordi Roca
- Department of Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Spain.
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24
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Bielas W, Niżański W, Partyka A, Rząsa A, Mordak R. Effect of long-term storage in Safe Cell+ extender on boar sperm DNA integrity and other key sperm parameters. Acta Vet Scand 2017; 59:58. [PMID: 28893310 PMCID: PMC5594552 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-017-0325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is some controversy about the extent of changes in different sperm cell features in stored boar semen, especially regarding the potential role of the DNA fragmentation assay for assessment of sperm fertilizing ability. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of time of storage and the dynamic changes in sperm cell characteristics in normospermic boar semen stored in long-term extender, in order to determine the susceptibility to damage of particular structures of spermatozoa during cooling and storage at 17 °C for 240 h post collection. The study included five ejaculates from each of seven boars of the Polish Large White breed (n = 35 ejaculates). The sperm characteristics were assessed using a flow cytometer and a computer assisted sperm analyzer on samples at 0, 48, 96, 168 and 240 h post collection. RESULTS The sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) showed a significant abrupt increase (P < 0.01) in the DNA fragmentation index (%DFI) after 48 h of semen storage with only subtle changes thereafter, not exceeding 5% on average after 240 h of storage. The use of a combination of SYBR-14/PI stains did not reveal any significant changes in the percentage of live sperm cells up to 168 h of semen storage. A significant (P < 0.01) decrease in the percentage of live spermatozoa with intact acrosomes was observed after prolonged semen storage (168 h). A significant and progressive decrease in sperm motility was recorded during the whole period of semen storage. CONCLUSIONS Storage of boar semen extended in long-term diluent at 17 °C for 48 h initially induced a decrease in the integrity of sperm DNA. This suggests that the structure of boar sperm DNA is susceptible to damage, especially during semen extension and at the beginning of sperm storage. These findings support the opinion that the SCSA test has only a low potential for routine assessment of boar semen preserved in the liquid state and for assessment of sperm quality changes during 10 days of semen preservation. Remarkably, the integrity of acrosomes and plasma membranes remained nearly unchanged for 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesław Bielas
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Niżański
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Partyka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 49, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Rząsa
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Prevention Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. C. K. Norwida 31, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ryszard Mordak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 47, 50-366 Wrocław, Poland
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25
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Evenson DP. Evaluation of sperm chromatin structure and DNA strand breaks is an important part of clinical male fertility assessment. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:S495-S500. [PMID: 29082168 PMCID: PMC5643675 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.07.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Donald P Evenson
- South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA.,Department of OB/GY, Sanford Medical School, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.,SCSA Diagnostics Inc., Brookings, SD, USA
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26
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The effect of flash-freezing temperature on stallion sperm DNA structure. Theriogenology 2017; 95:113-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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27
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de Castro Jorge Silva A, Remirão MH, Lucas CG, Domingues WB, Silveira T, Paschoal JD, Jornada DS, Corcine CD, Junior ASV, Prado WA, Campos VF, Seixas FK, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Collares T. Effects of chitosan-coated lipid-core nanocapsules on bovine sperm cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2017; 40:214-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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28
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Peña, Jr ST, Gummow B, Parker AJ, Paris DBBP. Revisiting summer infertility in the pig: could heat stress-induced sperm DNA damage negatively affect early embryo development? ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1071/an16079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is a crucial factor in mammalian spermatogenesis. The scrotum, pampiniform plexus, and cremaster and dartos muscles in mammals are specific adaptations to ensure sperm production in a regulated environment 4−6°C below internal body temperature. However, the limited endogenous antioxidant systems inherent in mammalian spermatozoa compounded by the loss of cytosolic repair mechanisms during spermatogenesis, make the DNA in these cells particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage. Boar sperm is likely to be more susceptible to the effects of heat stress and thus oxidative damage due to the relatively high unsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane, low antioxidant capacity in boar seminal plasma, and the boar’s non-pendulous scrotum. Heat stress has a significant negative impact on reproductive performance in piggeries, which manifests as summer infertility and results in productivity losses that amount to millions of dollars. This problem is particularly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions where ambient temperatures rise beyond the animal’s zone of thermal comfort. Based on preliminary studies in the pig and other species, this article discusses whether heat stress could induce sufficient DNA damage in boar sperm to significantly contribute to the high rates of embryo loss and pregnancy failure observed in the sow during summer infertility. Heat stress-induced damage to sperm DNA can lead to disrupted expression of key developmental genes essential for the differentiation of early cell lineages, such as the trophectoderm, and can distort the timely formation of the blastocyst; resulting in a failure of implantation and ultimately pregnancy loss. Confirming such a link would prompt greater emphasis on boar management and strategies to mitigate summer infertility during periods of heat stress.
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Husna AU, Ejaz R, Qadeer S, Azam A, Rakha BA, Ansari MS, Shahzad Q, Javed M, Vazquez-Levin MH, Akhter S. A comparative analysis of sperm selection procedures prior to cryopreservation for Nili-Ravi buffalo bull ( Bubalus bubalis ) semen-: Assessment of its impact on post-thaw sperm functional quality. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 174:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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The role of amides in seminal cryopreservation of wild silverside, Odontesthes bonariensis. Cryobiology 2016; 73:383-387. [PMID: 27609248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Amides were tested as internal cryoprotectants for the preservation of wild silverside (Odontesthes bonariensis) sperm. The semen was diluted in modified Mounib's medium and cryopreserved by adding 2, 5, 8 or 11% of dimethyl acetamide (DMA), dimethyl formamide (DMF) or methyl formamide (MF). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at a concentration of 10% diluted in modified Mounib's medium was used as a control. The rate motility (17.7 ± 1.9%) and time motility (143.2 ± 9.7 s) (P < 0.05) of the sperm were higher with 2% DMF when compared with the other treatments. Despite the better motility results obtained with 2% DMF, the solution was not able to maintain cellular structure integrity of the cryopreserved sperm. The 10% DMSO and 8% MF treatment allowed for completeness of the plasma membrane (34.8% and 29%), functional mitochondria (19.8% and 16.2%) and plasma membrane fluidity (39.4% and 46.4%); furthermore, rate motility (11.8% and 10%) and time motility (81.4 s and 71.8 s) of the sperm were found to be at suitable levels when compared with 2% DMF. Thus, our evaluation suggests that 10% DMSO and 8% MF provide better cryopreservation of O. bonariensis sperm cells.
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31
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Serafini R, Love CC, Coletta A, Mari G, Mislei B, Caso C, Di Palo R. Sperm DNA integrity in frozen-thawed semen from Italian Mediterranean Buffalo bulls and its relationship to in vivo fertility. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 172:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Acosta IB, Junior ASV, E Silva EF, Cardoso TF, Caldas JS, Jardim RD, Corcini CD. Effects of exposure to cadmium in sperm cells of zebrafish, Danio rerio. Toxicol Rep 2016; 3:696-700. [PMID: 28959594 PMCID: PMC5616012 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a natural element found in the earth’s crust; it is usually associated with other metals, but due to the impacts caused by human activity, its concentration has increased in the aquatic environment. This metal may damage aquatic animal reproduction, decreasing the rate of fertilization of organisms such as fish. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro toxicity of different concentrations of cadmium (0 (control), 0.5, 5, and 10 μg/L) using sperm cells of model organism zebrafish, Danio rerio. Structural parameters, including integrity and fluidity of the plasma membrane, concentration of oxygen species, mitochondrial function and DNA fragmentation were measured by flow cytometry. The following sperm movement parameters were also measured using the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system: motility, time of motility, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and straight line velocity in μm/s. Significant effects were observed on path speed, straight speed, curvilinear velocity, motility time, progressive and total motility, and plasma and DNA integrity. The results showed that cadmium can negatively affect some reproductive parameters in D. rerio, which may reduce the fertility rate of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izani Bonel Acosta
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences-Comparative Animal Physiology, Av 8 km Italy, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Antonio Sergio Varela Junior
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Aquatic Environments Continental Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8.96203 to 900 km Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Estela Fernandes E Silva
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences-Comparative Animal Physiology, Av 8 km Italy, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences-Comparative Animal Physiology, Av 8 km Italy, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jôsie Schwartz Caldas
- Post-Graduate Program in Aquatic Environments Continental Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8.96203 to 900 km Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Desessards Jardim
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italy 8 km, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences-Comparative Animal Physiology, Av 8 km Italy, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Carine Dahl Corcini
- Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences-Comparative Animal Physiology, Av 8 km Italy, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, University Campus, PO Box 354, 96001-970 Pelotas, Brazil
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33
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Stewart JL, Shipley CF, Katich AS, Po E, Ellerbrock RE, Lima FS, Canisso IF. Cryopreservation of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) semen using soybean-, liposome-, and egg yolk-based extenders. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 171:7-16. [PMID: 27287191 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to compare the use of soybean-based (Andromed), liposome-based (Optixcell), and egg yolk-based (Ovine Red, Triladyl, and Biladyl) extenders for cryopreservation of white-tailed deer semen. In experiment 1, ejaculates obtained from six bucks were aliquoted into the following extenders: Andromed, Ovine Red, Triladyl, and Biladyl (containing 4%, 6%, or 8% of glycerol). In experiment 2, ejaculates obtained from eight bucks were divided amongst Andromed, Ovine Red, and Optixcell extenders. Total and progressive sperm motility were assessed for each sample before and after cryopreservation using a computer-automated semen analyzer. In experiment 2, flow cytometry was used for post-thaw assessment of sperm viability (SYBR-14/PI), acrosome integrity (FITC-PNA/PI), and chromatin stability (acridine orange). In experiment 1, both Andromed and Ovine Red extenders exhibited higher post-thaw total motility than Biladyl containing 4% or 6% of glycerol (p<0.05). Andromed also produced higher progressive motility than all other extenders (p<0.01) before and after cryopreservation with no differences amongst the other extenders (p≥0.11). In experiment 2, there were no differences in total and progressive motility between Andromed, Ovine Red, or Optixcell extenders (p≥0.39). Additionally, there were no differences in sperm viability (p=0.18), acrosome integrity in viable sperm (p≥0.10), or DNA fragmentation index (p=0.15). These results demonstrated that soybean (Andromed) and liposome-based (Optixcell) extenders are equally as effective at cryopreserving white-tailed semen as egg yolk-based Ovine Red extender, but are superior to egg yolk-based Biladyl or Triladyl extenders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Stewart
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Clifford F Shipley
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
| | - Ashley Seder Katich
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Eleonora Po
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Robyn E Ellerbrock
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Fabio S Lima
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Igor F Canisso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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34
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Sutovsky P. New Approaches to Boar Semen Evaluation, Processing and Improvement. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 50 Suppl 2:11-9. [PMID: 26174914 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The improvement of boar reproductive performance may be the next frontier in reproductive management of swine herd in Unites States, facilitated by better understanding of boar sperm function and by the introduction of new advanced instrumentation in the andrology field. Objective single ejaculate evaluation and individual boar fertility prediction may be possible by introducing automated flow cytometric semen analysis with vital stains (e.g. acrosomal integrity and mito-potential), DNA fragmentation analysis and biomarkers (ubiquitin, PAWP, ALOX15, aggresome) associated with normal or defective sperm phenotypes. Measurement of sperm-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a helpful indicator of normal semen sample. Semen ROS levels could be managed by the addition of ROS-scavenging antioxidants. Alternative energy regeneration substrates and sperm stimulants such as inorganic pyrophosphate and caffeine could increase sperm lifespan in extended semen and within the female reproductive system. Such technology could be combined with timed sperm release in the female reproductive system after artificial insemination. Sperm phenotype analysis by the image-based flow cytometry will go hand in hand with the advancement of swine genomics, linking aberrant sperm phenotype to the fertility influencing gene polymorphisms. Finally, poor-quality ejaculates could be rescued and acceptable ejaculates improved by semen purification methods such as the nanoparticle-based semen purification and magnetic-activated sperm sorting. Altogether, these scientific and technological advances could benefit swine industry, provided that the challenges of new technology adoption, dissemination and cost reduction are met.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sutovsky
- Division of Animal Science, Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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35
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Broekhuijse MLWJ, Gaustad AH, Bolarin Guillén A, Knol EF. Efficient Boar Semen Production and Genetic Contribution: The Impact of Low-Dose Artificial Insemination on Fertility. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 50 Suppl 2:103-9. [PMID: 26174927 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diluting semen from high fertile breeding boars, and by that inseminating many sows, is the core business for artificial insemination (AI) companies worldwide. Knowledge about fertility results is the reason by which an AI company can lower the concentration of a dose. Efficient use of AI boars with high genetic merit by decreasing the number of sperm cells per insemination dose is important to maximize dissemination of the genetic progress made in the breeding nucleus. However, a potential decrease in fertility performance in the field should be weighed against the added value of improved genetics and, in general, is not tolerated in commercial production. This overview provides some important aspects that influence the impact of low-dose AI on fertility: (i) the importance of monitoring field fertility, (ii) the need for accurate and precise semen assessment, (iii) the parameters that are taken into account, (iv) the application of information from genetic and genomic selection and (v) the optimization when using different AI techniques. Efficient semen production, processing and insemination in combination with increasing use of genetic and genomic applications result in maximum impact of genetic trend.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A H Gaustad
- Topigs Norsvin, Hamar, Norway.,University College of Hedmark, Hamar, Norway
| | | | - E F Knol
- Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Beuningen, The Netherlands
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36
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Cell viability of bovine spermatozoa subjected to DNA electroporation and DNAse I treatment. Theriogenology 2016; 85:1312-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Evenson DP. The Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay (SCSA(®)) and other sperm DNA fragmentation tests for evaluation of sperm nuclear DNA integrity as related to fertility. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 169:56-75. [PMID: 26919909 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-five years ago the pioneering paper in Science (240:1131) on the relationship between sperm DNA integrity and pregnancy outcome was featured as the cover issue showing a fluorescence photomicrograph of red and green stained sperm. The flow cytometry data showed a very significant difference in sperm DNA integrity between fertile and subfertile bulls and men. This study utilized heat (100°C, 5min) to denature DNA at sites of DNA strand breaks followed by staining with acridine orange (AO) and measurements of 5000 individual sperm of green double strand (ds) DNA and red single strand (ss) DNA fluorescence. Later, the heat protocol was changed to a low pH protocol to denature the DNA at sites of strand breaks; the heat and acid procedures produced the same results. SCSA data are very advantageously dual parameter with 1024 channels (degrees) of both red and green fluorescence. Hundreds of publications on the use of the SCSA test in animals and humans have validated the SCSA as a highly useful test for determining male breeding soundness. The SCSA test is a rapid, non-biased flow cytometer machine measurement providing robust statistical data with exceptional precision and repeatability. Many genotoxic experiments showed excellent dose response data with very low coefficient of variation that further validated the SCSA as being a highly powerful assay for sperm DNA integrity. Twelve years following the introduction of the SCSA test, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescein-dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) test (1993) for sperm was introduced as the only other flow cytometric assay for sperm DNA fragmentation. However, the TUNEL test can also be done by light microscopy with much less statistical robustness. The COMET (1998) and Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD; HALO) (2003) tests were introduced as light microscope tests that don't require a flow cytometer. Since these tests measure only 50-200 sperm per sample, they suffer from the lack of the statistical robustness of flow cytometric measurements. Only the SCSA test has an exact standardization of a fixed protocol. The many variations of the other tests make it very difficult to compare data and thresholds for risk of male factor infertility. Data from these four sperm DNA fragmentation tests plus the light microscope acridine orange test (AOT) are correlated to various degrees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald P Evenson
- SCSA Diagnostics, Inc., Brookings, SD, United States; South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States; University of South Dakota, Sanford Medical School, Dept. OB/GYN, Sioux Falls, SD, United States.
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38
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Rani KU, Musthafa MS, War M, Al-Sadoon MK, Paray BA, Shareef THMA, Nawas PMA. Impact of tributyltin on antioxidant and DNA damage response in spermatozoa of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:20000-20006. [PMID: 26296505 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Effects of tributyltin (TBT) on antioxidant [total superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR)] and DNA damage levels in the spermatozoa were studied and reported here for the first time in the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Three groups of (n = 10 in each group) fishes were exposed to three different nominal concentrations of TBT viz., 1, 2, and 4 mg L(-1) along with control group for 90 days. Significant decrease of antioxidant and increased DNA damage levels were seen at higher doses of 2 and 4 mg L(-1). In prawn, the antioxidant level plays a vital role in sperm protection, activation, differential functions related to the physiology, and reproductive behavior. This study serves as a biomonitoring tool to assess the TBT effects on reproductive behavior of aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Umaa Rani
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Saiyad Musthafa
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai, 600014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mehrajuddin War
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, The New College, Chennai, 600014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad K Al-Sadoon
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - P Mohideen Askar Nawas
- P.G. & Research Department of Zoology, Periyar E.V.R College of Arts and Science, Trichirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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39
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Sapanidou V, Taitzoglou I, Tsakmakidis Ι, Kourtzelis I, Fletouris D, Theodoridis A, Zervos I, Tsantarliotou M. Antioxidant effect of crocin on bovine sperm quality and in vitro fertilization. Theriogenology 2015; 84:1273-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Langdon WC, Love CC, Teague SR, Brady HA, Prien SD. An Evaluation of Equine Sperm Chromatin After Exposure to Ambient Heat Stress. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Serafini R, Romano JE, Varner DD, Di Palo R, Love CC. Sperm DNA assays and their relationship to sperm motility and morphology in bulls (Bos Taurus). Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 159:77-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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42
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Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, López-Fernández C, Johnston SD, Blyde D, Cooper J, Harrison K, de la Fuente J, Gosálvez J. Effect of cryopreservation on the sperm DNA fragmentation dynamics of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Reprod Domest Anim 2015; 50:227-235. [PMID: 25604784 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sperm DNA fragmentation is one of the major causes of infertility; the sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCDt) evaluates this parameter and offers the advantage of species-specific validated protocol and ease of use under field conditions. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate sperm DNA fragmentation dynamics in both fresh and post-thaw bottlenose dolphin sperm using the SCDt following different cryopreservation protocols to gain new information about the post-thaw differential sperm DNA longevity in this species. Fresh and cryopreserved semen samples from five bottlenose dolphins were examined for sperm DNA fragmentation dynamics using the SCDt (Halomax(®)). Sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed immediately at collection and following cryopreservation (T0) and then after 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 24, 48 and 72 h incubation at 37°C. Serially collected ejaculates from four dolphins were frozen using different cryopreservation protocols in a TES-TRIS-fructose buffer (TTF), an egg-yolk-free vegetable lipid LP1 buffer (LP1) and human sperm preservation medium (HSPM). Fresh ejaculated spermatozoa initially showed low levels of DNA fragmentation for up to 48 h. Lower Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) was found in the second fresh ejaculate compared to the first when more than one sample was collected on the same day (p < 0.05); this difference was not apparent in any other seminal characteristic. While there was no difference observed in SDF between fresh and frozen-thawed sperm using the different cryopreservation protocols immediately after thawing (T0), frozen-thawed spermatozoa incubated at 37°C showed an increase in the rate of SDF after 24 h. Sperm frozen in the LP1(℗) buffer had higher levels (p < 0.05) of DNA fragmentation after 24- and 48-h incubation than those frozen in TTF or HSPM. No correlation was found between any seminal characteristic and DNA fragmentation in either fresh and/or frozen-thawed samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Sánchez-Calabuig
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - C López-Fernández
- Department of Genetics, Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain
| | - S D Johnston
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia
| | - D Blyde
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld, Australia.,Sea World, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia
| | - J Cooper
- Just Genes Artificial Breeding Service, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - K Harrison
- Queensland Fertility Group, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - J de la Fuente
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Gosálvez
- Department of Genetics, Autonomous University of Madrid, Cantoblanco, Spain
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43
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Impact of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination on boar semen quality and quantity using two different vaccines. Theriogenology 2014; 82:574-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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44
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Sánchez-Calabuig MJ, López-Fernández C, Martínez-Nevado E, Pérez-Gutiérrez JF, de la Fuente J, Johnston SD, Blyde D, Harrison K, Gosálvez J. Validation of a Field Based Chromatin Dispersion Assay to Assess Sperm DNA Fragmentation in the Bottlenose Dolphin(Tursiops truncatus). Reprod Domest Anim 2014; 49:761-8. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M-J Sánchez-Calabuig
- Department of Animal Reproduction; Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA); Madrid Spain
| | - C López-Fernández
- Department of Genetics; Autonomous University of Madrid; Cantoblanco Spain
| | | | - JF Pérez-Gutiérrez
- School of Veterinary Medicine; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - J de la Fuente
- Department of Animal Reproduction; Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA); Madrid Spain
| | - SD Johnston
- School of Agriculture and Food Science; University of Queensland; Gatton Qld Australia
| | - D Blyde
- School of Agriculture and Food Science; University of Queensland; Gatton Qld Australia
- Seaworld; Gold Coast Qld Australia
| | - K Harrison
- Queensland Fertility Group; Brisbane Qld Australia
| | - J Gosálvez
- Department of Genetics; Autonomous University of Madrid; Cantoblanco Spain
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45
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Post-thaw sperm characteristics following long-term storage of boar semen in liquid nitrogen. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 147:119-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Sá-Pinto A, Martínez-Fernández M, López-Fernández C, Ferreira Z, Pereira R, Gosálvez J, Rolán-Alvarez E. Incipient post-zygotic barrier in a model system of ecological speciation with gene flow. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:2750-6. [PMID: 24164692 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of post-zygotic isolation in nonallopatric ecological speciation is still mostly unknown and information on the nature and strength of these barriers in well-known speciation models is essential for a deeper understanding of such processes. The Galician ecotypes of the marine snail Littorina saxatilis represent one of the best studied cases of nonallopatric ecological speciation. Here, we test the existence of incipient post-zygotic isolation by comparing the fertility of male hybrids with that of both pure forms [ridged and banded (RB) and smooth and unbanded (SU) ecotypes]. We analysed the degree of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) of individuals morphologically classified as RB, SU and hybrids, sampled from two locations. SDF analyses were chosen to study sperm quality because, in other animal species, SDF rates correlate with important parameters for speciation research, such as fertilization and abortion rates and viability of adult progeny. In the present work, hybrids showed significantly higher SDF rates than RB and SU males in one location and significantly higher variances in both locations. These results suggest the existence of an incipient post-zygotic barrier, the strength of which may vary across the Galician shore, and highlight the potential of SDF analyses for speciation research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sá-Pinto
- CIBIO - Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Vairão, Portugal
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47
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Park YJ, Kim J, You YA, Pang MG. Proteomic Revolution to Improve Tools for Evaluating Male Fertility in Animals. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:4738-47. [DOI: 10.1021/pr400639x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Jin Park
- Department
of Animal Science
and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department
of Animal Science
and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Korea
| | - Young-Ah You
- Department
of Animal Science
and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Korea
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department
of Animal Science
and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do 456-756, Korea
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48
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Niżański W, Partyka A, Rijsselaere T. Use of fluorescent stainings and flow cytometry for canine semen assessment. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 47 Suppl 6:215-21. [PMID: 23279503 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, appreciable progress has been noted in canine semen assessment techniques. The common use of accurate and sensitive diagnostic methods, such as computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), flow cytometry and sperm penetration tests have become routine procedures in specialized andrology laboratories. Many fluorescent probes have been applied to the assessment of specific sperm characteristics in dogs. Flow cytometry enables the observation of cell characteristics such as size, shape and function of the spermatozoon, that can be revealed by a fluorochrome or fluorescent label. The analysis of events detected on dot plots gives accurate and highly reliable information on membrane integrity, acrosomal status, mitochondrial activity, capacitation status, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and DNA damage. Despite the development of these modern and accurate tools, it is still questionable if the ideal method of semen evaluation, allowing predicting of the fertilizing potential of semen, has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Niżański
- Department of Reproduction, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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49
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Heparin and penicillamine–hypotaurine–epinephrine (PHE) solution during bovine in vitro fertilization procedures impair the quality of spermatozoa but improve normal oocyte fecundation and early embryonic development. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2013; 50:39-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-013-9675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Flowers WL. Triennial Reproduction Symposium: sperm characteristics that limit success of fertilization. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:3022-9. [PMID: 23307855 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current industry estimates of reproductive performance for cattle, sheep, and swine operations indicate that males contribute significantly to fertility failures. This appears to be due to the use of subfertile individuals and emphasizes the need for additional research in identifying characteristics of sperm that compromise fertilization. In theory, sperm characteristics, such as motility or the percentage of normal sperm, form a positive relationship with fertility that reaches a certain maximal fertility (i.e., an asymptotic relationship). It is clear that variation exists among males in terms of how fertility responds to increasing sperm dosage or numbers of normal sperm, both in the slope of the curve and the point at which the fertility reaches a maximum. Variations along the linear portion of fertility curves are due to compensable traits that are involved with the ability of sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida. It appears that most fertility curves reach their plateau when 70% of sperm possess a given compensable trait. The level of fertility at which the plateau occurs is determined by noncompensable traits that are associated with binding of sperm to the oolemma, syngamy, and subsequent development of the zygote. Several studies have shown differences in fertility among males that have similar levels of compensable traits but differed in their noncompensable characteristics. Compensable and noncompensable traits can estimate either individual or functional characteristics of sperm. Intuitively, functional traits such as in vitro penetration should provide a better indication of fertilization than individual ones such as motility. However, correlations of both types with fertility are very similar. Reasons for this may be related to how characteristics of sperm cells are influenced by the female reproductive tract after insemination. Sperm capacitation is a functional trait in boars that is quite different in vitro versus in vivo. If this relationship holds true for other traits, then development of tests that account for this variation are critical for further elucidation of sperm characteristics that limit fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Flowers
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7621, USA.
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