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Liu Y, Li J, Parakhonskiy BV, Hoogenboom R, Skirtach A, De Neve S. Labelling of micro- and nanoplastics for environmental studies: state-of-the-art and future challenges. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132785. [PMID: 37856963 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Studying microplastics and nanoplastics (MNP) in environmental matrices is extremely challenging, and recent developments in labelling techniques may hold much promise to further our knowledge in this field. Here, we reviewed MNP labelling techniques and applications to provide the first systematic and in-depth insight into MNP labelling. We classified all labelling techniques for MNP into four main types (fluorescent, metal, stable isotope and radioisotope) and discussed per type the synthesis methods, detection methods, influencing factors, and the current and future applications and challenges. Direct labelling of environmental MNP with fluorescent dyes and metals enables simple visualisation and selective detection of MNP to improve detection efficiency. However, it is still an open question how to avoid co-labelling of non-plastic (i.e. non-target, matrix) materials. Labelling of MNP that are intentionally added in the environment may allow semi-automatic detection of MNP particles with high accuracy and sensitivity during studies on e.g. transport and degradation. The detection limit of labelled MNP largely depends on particle size and the type of matrix. Fluorescent labelling allows efficient detection of microplastics, whereas metal labelling is preferred for nanoplastics research due to a potentially higher sensitivity. A major challenge for fluorescent and metal labelling is to develop techniques that do not alter the inherent MNP properties or only do so minimally, in particular the surface properties. Stable and radioactive isotope labelling (13C and 14C, but also 15N, 2H) of the polymer itself allows to preserve inherent MNP properties, but have been largely ignored. Overall, labelling of MNP holds great promise for advancing our fundamental understanding of the behaviour of plastics, notably the smallest fractions, in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Liu
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Andre Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Neve
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Garello F, Svenskaya Y, Parakhonskiy B, Filippi M. Micro/Nanosystems for Magnetic Targeted Delivery of Bioagents. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061132. [PMID: 35745705 PMCID: PMC9230665 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of pharmaceuticals is promising for efficient disease treatment and reduction in adverse effects. Nano or microstructured magnetic materials with strong magnetic momentum can be noninvasively controlled via magnetic forces within living beings. These magnetic carriers open perspectives in controlling the delivery of different types of bioagents in humans, including small molecules, nucleic acids, and cells. In the present review, we describe different types of magnetic carriers that can serve as drug delivery platforms, and we show different ways to apply them to magnetic targeted delivery of bioagents. We discuss the magnetic guidance of nano/microsystems or labeled cells upon injection into the systemic circulation or in the tissue; we then highlight emergent applications in tissue engineering, and finally, we show how magnetic targeting can integrate with imaging technologies that serve to assist drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Garello
- Molecular and Preclinical Imaging Centers, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Yulia Svenskaya
- Science Medical Center, Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Miriam Filippi
- Soft Robotics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Ghorbani-Choghamarani A, Bastan H, Kakakhani Z, Taherinia Z. Preparation of Ni-microsphere and Cu-MOF using aspartic acid as coordinating ligand and study of their catalytic properties in Stille and sulfoxidation reactions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:14905-14914. [PMID: 35424021 PMCID: PMC8697805 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00734c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the thermal and catalytic behavior of Ni-microsphere and Cu-MOF were investigated with aspartic acid as the coordinating ligand with different morphologies. The Ni-microsphere and Cu-MOF with aspartic acid, as the coordinating ligand, were prepared via a solvothermal method. The morphology and porosity of the obtained Ni microsphere and Cu-MOF were characterized by XRD, FTIR, TGA, DSC, BET and SEM techniques. The catalytic activity of the Ni-microsphere and Cu-MOF was examined in Stille and sulfoxidation reactions. The Ni microsphere and Cu-MOF were easily isolated from the reaction mixtures by simple filtration and then recycled four times without any reduction of catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ghorbani-Choghamarani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan 6517838683 Iran +988138380709 +988138282807
| | - Hosna Bastan
- Department of Chemistry, Ilam University P.O. Box 69315516 Ilam Iran
| | - Zahra Kakakhani
- Department of Chemistry, Ilam University P.O. Box 69315516 Ilam Iran
| | - Zahra Taherinia
- Department of Chemistry, Ilam University P.O. Box 69315516 Ilam Iran
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Thomas SL, Thacker JB, Schug KA, Maráková K. Sample preparation and fractionation techniques for intact proteins for mass spectrometric analysis. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:211-246. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry The University of Texas Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - Jonathan B. Thacker
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry The University of Texas Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - Kevin A. Schug
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry The University of Texas Arlington Arlington Texas USA
| | - Katarína Maráková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy Comenius University in Bratislava Bratislava Slovakia
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The impact of lignin addition on the properties of hybrid microspheres based on trimethoxyvinylsilane and divinylbenzene. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Poly(styryl bisphosphonate) nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution: Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial applications. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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7
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Multifunctional polymer dispersions for biomedical assays obtained by heterophase radical polymerization. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Parsa SF, Vafajoo A, Rostami A, Salarian R, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Rabiee G, Tahriri M, Yadegari A, Vashaee D, Tayebi L, Hamblin MR. Early diagnosis of disease using microbead array technology: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1032:1-17. [PMID: 30143206 PMCID: PMC6152944 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of diseases (before they become advanced and incurable) is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. With the advent of novel technologies in clinical laboratory diagnosis, microbead-based arrays have come to be recognized as an efficient approach, that demonstrates useful advantages over traditional assay methods for multiple disease-related biomarkers. Multiplexed microbead assays provide a robust, rapid, specific, and cost-effective approach for high-throughput and simultaneous screening of many different targets. Biomolecular binding interactions occur after applying a biological sample (such as blood plasma, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid etc.) containing the target analyte(s) to a set of microbeads with different ligand-specificities that have been coded in planar or suspension arrays. The ligand-receptor binding activity is tracked by optical signals generated by means of flow cytometry analysis in the case of suspension arrays, or by image processing devices in the case of planar arrays. In this review paper, we discuss diagnosis of cancer, neurological and infectious diseases by using optically-encoded microbead-based arrays (both multiplexed and single-analyte assays) as a reliable tool for detection and quantification of various analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Foroutan Parsa
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Vafajoo
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Rostami
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Salarian
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Maziar University, Noor, Royan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Yadegari
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA
| | - Daryoosh Vashaee
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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9
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Vafajoo A, Rostami A, Foroutan Parsa S, Salarian R, Rabiee N, Rabiee G, Rabiee M, Tahriri M, Vashaee D, Tayebi L, Hamblin MR. Multiplexed microarrays based on optically encoded microbeads. Biomed Microdevices 2018; 20:66. [PMID: 30088103 PMCID: PMC6143764 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-018-0314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in optically-encoded or tagged functionalized microbeads as a solid support platform to capture proteins or nucleotides which may serve as biomarkers of various diseases. Multiplexing technologies (suspension array or planar array) based on optically encoded microspheres have made possible the observation of relatively minor changes in biomarkers related to specific diseases. The ability to identify these changes at an early stage may allow the diagnosis of serious diseases (e.g. cancer) at a time-point when curative treatment may still be possible. As the overall accuracy of current diagnostic methods for some diseases is often disappointing, multiplexed assays based on optically encoded microbeads could play an important role to detect biomarkers of diseases in a non-invasive and accurate manner. However, detection systems based on functionalized encoded microbeads are still an emerging technology, and more research needs to be done in the future. This review paper is a preliminary attempt to summarize the state-of-the-art concerning diagnostic microbeads; including microsphere composition, synthesis, encoding technology, detection systems, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atieh Vafajoo
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azin Rostami
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanam Foroutan Parsa
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Salarian
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Maziar University, Royan, Noor, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomaterials Group, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Daryoosh Vashaee
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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10
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Oćwieja M, Lupa D, Adamczyk Z. Gold Nanoparticle Layers on Polystyrene Microspheres of Controlled Structure and Electrokinetic Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:8489-8498. [PMID: 29936835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Formation of positively charged gold nanoparticle layers on polystyrene microparticles (PSMs600) was studied using the electrokinetic and the concentration depletion methods based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Primarily, the dependence of electrophoretic mobility of microparticles on the gold nanoparticle concentration in the suspension was measured. These results were quantitatively interpreted in terms of the three-dimensional electrokinetic model. This allowed to derive a formula for calculating the coverage of nanoparticles under in situ conditions whose validity was confirmed by direct SEM imaging of deposited gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Additionally, the maximum coverage of gold nanoparticles for various ionic strengths was determined using a concentration depletion method based on AFM imaging of residual particles deposited on the silica substrate. The maximum coverage increased with ionic strength attaining a value of 0.35 for the ionic strength of 3 × 10-3 M. This effect was attributed to the decreasing range of lateral electrostatic interactions among deposited particles. The electrokinetic properties of the gold nanoparticle layers were also evaluated in pH cycling experiments that confirmed their stability. Beyond significance to basic science, the new data acquired in this work confirm the feasibility of preparing gold nanoparticle layers on polymer microparticles characterized by a controlled structure, coverage, and electrokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Oćwieja
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8 , PL-30239 Krakow , Poland
| | - Dawid Lupa
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8 , PL-30239 Krakow , Poland
| | - Zbigniew Adamczyk
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry , Polish Academy of Sciences , Niezapominajek 8 , PL-30239 Krakow , Poland
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11
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Generalova AN, Zubov VP. Design of polymer particle dispersions (latexes) in the course of radical heterophase polymerization for biomedical applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 166:303-322. [PMID: 29604573 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Dispersions of polymer particle (DPPs) are increasingly being exploited both as biomolecule carriers, and as markers in various DPP biomedical applications related to cell and molecular biology, enzymology, immunology, diagnostics, in vitro and in vivo visualization, bioseparation, etc. Their potential to reduce reaction scales, lower costs, improve the rate, sensitivity, selectivity, stability and reproducibility of assays governs the diversity of their bioapplications. This review focuses on the design of DPPs with innovative special properties in the course of free radical heterophase polymerization that provides careful control of both macromolecular and colloidal properties. We demonstrate approaches that, according to the polymerization technique, regulate the particle size, shape, particle size distribution, morphology, surface chemistry and functionality, as well as the formation of organic-inorganic hybrid DPPs. The production of bioreagents based on DPPs and their use in bioassay are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Generalova
- M.M. Shemyakin & Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, Russia; Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Leninsky pr. 59, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V P Zubov
- M.M. Shemyakin & Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Choi G, Kim TH, Oh JM, Choy JH. Emerging nanomaterials with advanced drug delivery functions; focused on methotrexate delivery. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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14
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Gao CY, Kim MW, Bae DH, Dong YZ, Piao SH, Choi HJ. Fe3O4 nanoparticle-embedded polystyrene composite particles fabricated via a Shirasu porous glass membrane technique and their magnetorheology. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Key parameters for monodispersed polymer microspheres with spinning disk atomization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s100190050123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Generalova AN, Zubov VP. Dispersions of polyacrolein-based multifunctional microspheres for the creation of bioanalytical and visualizing reagents. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090416040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Chakravarthy D, Smith DJ. Preparation of a Dextran-Based Degradable Absorbent Suitable for Wound Healing Applications. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391159501000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolytically degradable microspheres were prepared by crosslinkng dextran under alkaline conditions with cyanogen bromide (CNBr). The crosslinking was performed in a water-in-oil type heterophase suspension medium. Dextran Mws of 500,000 and 40,000 were used for the preparations, CNBr:dextran-OH mole ratios ranged from 0.021:1 to 0.21:1. The microspheres absorbed significant quantities of water (20-45 times their own weight), and were shown to degrade in neutral buffer to soluble and non-toxic products. Hydration and degradation behavior varied linearly with the ratios of CNBr to dextran. The physical properties were dependent on the molecular weights of the dextrans used in the preparations. In contrast to epichlorohydrin crosslinked dextran microspheres that are resistant to hydrolysis and only degrade enzymatically, the described microspheres degrade more rapidly by simple hydrolysis of the iminocarbonate bonds that constitute the microspheres. Such degradative properties are ideal in the application of the microspheres as wound filers and as components of wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D. J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325-3601
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18
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François A, Riesen N, Gardner K, Monro TM, Meldrum A. Lasing of whispering gallery modes in optofluidic microcapillaries. OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 24:12466-12477. [PMID: 27410267 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.012466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper demonstrates lasing of the whispering gallery modes in polymer coated optofluidic capillaries and their application to refractive index sensing. The laser gain medium used here is fluorescent Nile Red dye, which is embedded inside the high refractive index polymer coating. We investigate the refractometric sensing properties of these devices for different coating thicknesses, revealing that the high Q factors required to achieve low lasing thresholds can only be realized for relatively thick polymer coatings (in this case ≥ 800 nm). Lasing capillaries therefore tend to have a lower refractive index sensitivity, compared to non-lasing capillaries which can have a thinner polymer coating, due to the stronger WGM confinement within the polymer layer. However we find that the large improvement in signal-to-noise ratio realized for lasing capillaries more than compensates for the decreased sensitivity and results in an order-of-magnitude improvement in the detection limit for refractive index sensing.
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19
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Jones ER, Semsarilar M, Wyman P, Boerakker M, Armes SP. Addition of water to an alcoholic RAFT PISA formulation leads to faster kinetics but limits the evolution of copolymer morphology. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01795e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Addition of water leads to a much faster rate for the RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate in ethanol, enabling degrees of polymerization of up to 1500 to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. R. Jones
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - M. Semsarilar
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - P. Wyman
- DSM Ahead
- 6160 MD Geleen
- The Netherlands
| | | | - S. P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
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20
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Ratcliffe LPD, McKenzie BE, Le Bouëdec GMD, Williams CN, Brown SL, Armes SP. Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly of All-Acrylic Diblock Copolymers via RAFT Dispersion Polymerization in Alkanes. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liam P. D. Ratcliffe
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Beulah E. McKenzie
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Gaëlle M. D. Le Bouëdec
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Clive N. Williams
- Scott Bader Company
Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northants NN29 7RL, U.K
| | - Steven L. Brown
- Scott Bader Company
Ltd., Wollaston, Wellingborough, Northants NN29 7RL, U.K
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Dainton
Building, Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, U.K
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Rodrigues JB, Leitão NJ, Chaves KS, Gigante ML, Portella MC, Grosso CR. High protein microparticles produced by ionic gelation containing Lactobacillus acidophilus for feeding pacu larvae. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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22
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Chon B, Briggman K, Hwang J. Single molecule confocal fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy for accurate nanoparticle size determination. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:13418-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01197j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental procedure in confocal single molecule fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy to determine the excitation power and molecular or particulate concentration under which the application of an unmodified model autocorrelation function is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonghwan Chon
- Quantum Electronics and Photonics Division
- Physical Measurement Laboratory
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Boulder, USA
| | - Kimberly Briggman
- Quantum Electronics and Photonics Division
- Physical Measurement Laboratory
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Boulder, USA
| | - Jeeseong Hwang
- Quantum Electronics and Photonics Division
- Physical Measurement Laboratory
- National Institute of Standards and Technology
- Boulder, USA
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Fang K, Ren B. A facile method for preparing colored nanospheres of poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid). DYES AND PIGMENTS 2014; 100:50-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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PEG-modified magnetic hypercrosslinked poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) microspheres to minimize sorption of serum proteins. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Moeen SJ, Vaezi MR, Yousefi AA, Ghasemi E. Synthesis and rheological properties of nickel-zinc ferrite polymer nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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He P, Jean-Francois J, Fortier G. Synthesis and in vitro characterization of poly(ethylene glycol)-albumin hydrogel microparticles. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2011; 23:1553-68. [PMID: 21859518 DOI: 10.1163/092050611x587510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High water content hydrogel microparticles based on the cross-linking of albumin with activated poly(ethylene glycol) were synthesized. The influence of different synthesis parameters on the physicochemical characteristics of the microparticles, such as the type of oil and of albumin, and the molecular weight of PEG, was evaluated. The water content of the microparticles ranged from 95 to 98%, increasing with an increase of the molecular weight of PEG. At optimal conditions, microparticles with sizes ranging from 3 to 50 μm were prepared. These microparticles showed a negatively charged surface. They were freely dispersed in PBS buffer and they were stable at 4°C for times varying from 0.5 to 10 months. Initial stirring speed and molecular weight of PEG were the 2 main factors that significantly affected microparticle size. High hydrophilicity, good stability and modulable size make this hydrogel an attractive matrix for protein or cell immobilization for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping He
- a Laboratoire d'Enzymologie Appliquee, Departement de Chimie-Biochimie , Universite du Quebec a Montreal , C.P. 8888, succ. Centre-Ville , Montreal , QC , H3C 3P8 , Canada
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27
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Synthesis of Core/Shell Magnetic Porous Microspheres for Lipase Immobilization. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-011-9561-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Corem-Salkmon E, Ram Z, Daniels D, Perlstein B, Last D, Salomon S, Tamar G, Shneor R, Guez D, Margel S, Mardor Y. Convection-enhanced delivery of methotrexate-loaded maghemite nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1595-602. [PMID: 21904449 PMCID: PMC3160945 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s23025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) is a novel approach for delivering drugs directly into brain tumors by intracranial infusion, enabling the distribution of high drug concentrations over large tissue volumes. This study was designed to present a method for binding methotrexate (MTX) to unique crystalline, highly ordered and superparamagnetic maghemite nanoparticles via human serum albumin (HSA) coating, optimized for CED treatments of gliomas. Naked nanoparticles and HSA- or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated nanoparticles with/without MTX were studied. In vitro results showed no toxicity and a similar cell-kill efficacy of the MTX-loaded particles via HSA coating to that of free MTX, while MTX-loaded particles via PEG coating showed low efficacy. In vivo, the PEG-coated nanoparticles provided the largest distributions in normal rat brain and long clearance times, but due to their low efficacy in vitro, were not considered optimal. The naked nanoparticles provided the smallest distributions and shortest clearance times. The HSA-coated nanoparticles (with/without MTX) provided good distributions and long clearance times (nearly 50% of the distribution volume remained in the brain 3 weeks post treatment). No MTX-related toxicity was noted. These results suggest that the formulation in which HSA was bound to our nanoparticles via a unique precipitation method, and MTX was bound covalently to the HSA, could enable efficient and stable drug loading with no apparent toxicity. The cell-kill efficacy of the bound MTX remained similar to that of free MTX, and the nanoparticles presented efficient distribution volumes and slow clearance times in vivo, suggesting that these particles are optimal for CED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enav Corem-Salkmon
- The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan
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29
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Dye-labeled polystyrene latex microspheres prepared via a combined swelling-diffusion technique. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 363:137-44. [PMID: 21839463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of water-insoluble, biologically compatible dyes, meso-tetraphenylchlorin, meso-tetraphenylporphyrin and chlorophyll-a, were successfully incorporated into beads composed of linear polystyrene (PS) via a tunable combined swelling-diffusion process. Dyed PS beads were prepared by the addition of a dye solution in tetrahydrofuran to an aqueous suspension of 10 μm PS beads in the presence of a poly((ethylene glycol)-b-(propylene glycol)-b-(ethylene glycol)) block copolymer surfactant. The presence of surfactant was found to be beneficial to prevent particle aggregation, especially at tetrahydrofuran contents above 30%. Dye loading was shown to be tunable by simple adjustments in dye composition. Confocal fluorescence microscopy indicated that dyes were distributed uniformly throughout the entire PS bead, but heterogeneously with ~500 nm diameter droplets, indicative of a separate dye phase within the PS matrix. The stability of dyed beads, indicated by resistance to dye leaching in solvent, was found to be governed by the degree of swelling of PS in the solvent medium. Hence, no leaching was observed even when a good solvent for the dye was used (ethanol), as long as that solvent did not swell the carrier particle, PS. No leaching of dyes from the beads was observed during long-term (2 years) storage in water.
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30
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Generalova AN, Sizova SV, Zdobnova TA, Zarifullina MM, Artemyev MV, Baranov AV, Oleinikov VA, Zubov VP, Deyev SM. Submicron polymer particles containing fluorescent semiconductor nanocrystals CdSe/ZnS for bioassays. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2011; 6:195-209. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to design a panel of uniform particulate biochemical reagents and to test them in specific bioassays. These reagents are polymer particles of different sizes doped with semiconductor nanocrystals and conjugated with either full-size antibodies or recombinant mini-antibodies (4D5 scFv fragment) designed by genetic engineering approaches. Materials & methods: A panel of highly fluorescent polymer particles (150–800 nm) were formed by embedding CdSe/ZnS nanocrystals (quantum dots) into preformed polyacrolein and poly(acrolein-co-styrene) particles. Morphology, content and fluorescence characteristics of the prepared materials were studied by laser correlation spectroscopy, spectrophotometry, optical and fluorescent microscopy and fluorimetry. Results: The obtained fluorescent particles sensitized by anti-Yersinia pestis antibodies were used for rapid agglutination glass test suitable for screening analysis of Y. pestis antigen and for microtiter particle agglutination, which, owing to its speed and simplicity, is very beneficial for diagnostic detection of Y. pestis antigen. Recombinant 4D5 scFv antibodies designed and conjugated with polymer particles containing quantum dots provide multipoint highly specific binding with cancer marker HER2/neu on the surface of SKOV-3 cell.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana V Sizova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russia
| | - Tatiana A Zdobnova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russia
| | - Margarita M Zarifullina
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russia
| | | | - Alexander V Baranov
- St Petersburg State University of Information Technologies, Mechanics & Optics, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Oleinikov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russia
| | - Vitaly P Zubov
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russia
| | - Sergey M Deyev
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 16/10, Moscow 117871, Russia
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31
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Synthesis and characterization of nanomagnetite particles and their polymer coated forms. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 353:372-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Liu KK, Wu RG, Chuang YJ, Khoo HS, Huang SH, Tseng FG. Microfluidic systems for biosensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 10:6623-61. [PMID: 22163570 PMCID: PMC3231127 DOI: 10.3390/s100706623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, Micro Fluidic Systems (MFS) have emerged as a powerful tool for biosensing, particularly in enriching and purifying molecules and cells in biological samples. Compared with conventional sensing techniques, distinctive advantages of using MFS for biomedicine include ultra-high sensitivity, higher throughput, in-situ monitoring and lower cost. This review aims to summarize the recent advancements in two major types of micro fluidic systems, continuous and discrete MFS, as well as their biomedical applications. The state-of-the-art of active and passive mechanisms of fluid manipulation for mixing, separation, purification and concentration will also be elaborated. Future trends of using MFS in detection at molecular or cellular level, especially in stem cell therapy, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, are also prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Kang Liu
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ren-Guei Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; E-Mails: (R.-G.W.), (H.S.K.)
| | - Yun-Ju Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming Chuang University, Taoyuan County 333, Taiwan; E-Mail: (Y.-J.C.)
| | - Hwa Seng Khoo
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; E-Mails: (R.-G.W.), (H.S.K.)
| | - Shih-Hao Huang
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202-24, Taiwan; E-Mail: (S.-H.H.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; E-Mails: (R.-G.W.), (H.S.K.)
- Division of Mechanics, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; E-Mail: (F.-G.T.)
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33
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Viota J, Arroyo F, Delgado A, Horno J. Electrokinetic characterization of magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with amino acids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010; 344:144-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2009.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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Historical Overview of (Mini)emulsion Polymerizations and Preparation of Hybrid Latex Particles. HYBRID LATEX PARTICLES 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2010_62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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35
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Zhao H, Kang XL, Chen XL, Wang JX, Le Y, Shen ZG, Chen JF. Antibacterial activities of amorphous cefuroxime axetil ultrafine particles prepared by high gravity antisolvent precipitation (HGAP). Pharm Dev Technol 2009; 14:485-91. [PMID: 19743947 DOI: 10.1080/10837450902762991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities on the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of the amorphous cefuroxime axetil (CFA) ultrafine particles prepared by HGAP method were investigated in this paper. The conventional sprayed CFA particles were studied as the control group. XRD, SEM, BET tests were performed to investigate the morphology changes of the samples before and after sterile. The in vitro dissolution test, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the in vivo experiment on mice were explored. The results demonstrated that: (i) The structure, morphology and amorphous form of the particles could be affected during steam sterile process; (ii) CFA particles with different morphologies showed varied antibacterial activities; and (iii) the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of the ultrafine particles prepared by HGAP is markedly stronger than that of the conventional sprayed amorphous particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhao
- Sin-China Nano Technology Center, Key Lab for Nanomaterials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 10029, PR China
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36
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Shi H, Zhou X, Liu H, Lin Y, Fu X. Study on the Synthesis of Cyanex 301-Modified Fe 2O 3Nanoparticles. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01932690802701796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Elaissari A. Magnetic Latex Particles in Nanobiotechnologies for Biomedical Diagnostic Applications: State of the Art. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200950702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Preparation of monodispersed hybrid nanospheres with high magnetite content from uniform Fe3O4 clusters. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Hong RY, Feng B, Cai X, Liu G, Li HZ, Ding J, Zheng Y, Wei DG. Double-miniemulsion preparation of Fe3O4/poly(methyl methacrylate) magnetic latex. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.29403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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GONG T. PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MAGNETIC COMPOSITE MICROSPHERES WITH CORE-SHELL STRUCTURE. ACTA POLYM SIN 2009. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2008.01037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Omer-Mizrahi M, Margel S. Synthesis and characterization of magnetic and non-magnetic core–shell polyepoxide micrometer-sized particles of narrow size distribution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2009; 329:228-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2008] [Revised: 09/14/2008] [Accepted: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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42
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Gamma irradiated micro system for long-term parenteral contraception: An alternative to synthetic polymers. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008; 35:307-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2008.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2008] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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43
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Aitken D, Burkinshaw SM, Griffiths J, Towns AD. Textile applications of thennochromic systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-4408.1996.tb00105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Literature Alerts. J Microencapsul 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/02652049309015327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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45
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Kimura F, Rodriguez M, McCann J, Carlson B, Dabiri D, Khalil GE, Callis JB, Xia Y, Gouterman M. Development and characterization of fast responding pressure sensitive microspheres. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2008; 79:074102. [PMID: 18681720 DOI: 10.1063/1.2952502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The response times of pressure sensitive paint (PSP) and pressure sensitive microspheres to passing shockwaves were measured to investigate their ability to accurately determine pressure changes in unsteady flows. The PSPs tested used platinum tetra(pentafluorophenyl)porphine (PtTFPP), platinum octaethylporphine (PtOEP), and a novel set of osmium-based organometallic complexes as pressure sensitive luminophors incorporated into polymer matrices of dimethylsiloxane bisphenol A-polycarbonate block copolymer or polystyrene. Two types of pressure sensitive microspheres were used, the first being PtOEP-doped polystyrene microspheres (PSBeads) and the second being porous silicon dioxide microspheres containing the novel, pressure sensitive osmium complexes. Response times for the platinum-based PSPs ranged from 47.2 to 53.0 micros, while the osmium-based PSPs ranged between 37.6 and 58.9 micros. For the microspheres, 2.5 microm diameter PSBeads showed a response time of 3.15 ms, while the osmium-based silicon dioxide microspheres showed a response time ranging between 13.6 and 18.9 micros.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fletcher Kimura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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46
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Nitzan B, Margel S. Surface modification. II. Functionalization of solid surfaces with vinylic monomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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47
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Fonseca T, Relógio P, Martinho JMG, Farinha JPS. Preparation and surface characterization of polymer nanoparticles designed for incorporation into hybrid materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2007; 23:5727-34. [PMID: 17417887 DOI: 10.1021/la063381o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We prepared water dispersions of poly(n-butyl methacrylate-st-butyl acrylate) crosslinked core-shell nanoparticles functionalized with different amounts of trimethoxisilane (TMS) groups in the outer shell. The purpose of the TMS groups is to chemically bind the rubbery particles to a nanostructured silica network, using sol-gel copolymerization. Here, we present nanoparticles containing 13 mol % and 30 mol % of TMS groups in the outer shell and compare their surface morphology with particles that do not contain TMS. The particles are prepared by a two-step seeded emulsion polymerization technique at neutral pH. In the first step, we obtained crosslinked seed particles (44 nm in diameter) by a batch process. In the second step, we used a semi-continuous emulsion polymerization technique under starved feed conditions to obtain monodispersed particles of controlled composition and size (ca. 100 nm in diameter). Fluorescence decay measurements were performed in situ on the dispersions, using a pair of cationic dyes adsorbed onto the surface of the nanoparticles: rhodamine 6G as the energy transfer donor and malachite green carbinol hydrochloride as the acceptor. The kinetics of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the dyes is sensitive to the donor-acceptor distance, allowing us to obtain the binding distribution of the dyes at the nanoparticle surface. For the unmodified nanoparticles, we found a dye distribution that corresponds to an average interface thickness of delta = (5.2 +/- 0.2) nm. For the samples containing 13 mol % and 30 mol % of TMS groups in the outer shell we obtained broader interfaces, with widths of delta = (6.2 +/- 0.2) nm and delta = (6.5 +/- 0.1) nm respectively. This broadening of the distribution with the surface modification is interpreted in terms of the increase in free volume of the shell caused by the TMS groups. Finally, we studied the effect of temperature on the water-polymer interface fuzziness, in order to evaluate the accessibility of the TMS groups during the sol-gel synthesis of nanostructured hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Fonseca
- Centro de Química-Física Molecular, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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48
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Synthesis and characterization of nano‐ and micron‐sized iron oxide and iron particles for biomedical applications. LABORATORY TECHNIQUES IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0075-7535(06)32006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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49
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Chen H, Kaminski MD, Liu X, Mertz CJ, Xie Y, Torno MD, Rosengart AJ. A novel human detoxification system based on nanoscale bioengineering and magnetic separation techniques. Med Hypotheses 2006; 68:1071-9. [PMID: 17123743 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2005.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2005] [Accepted: 04/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We describe the conceptual approach, theoretical background and preliminary experimental data of a proposed platform technology for specific and rapid decorporation of blood-borne toxins from humans. The technology is designed for future emergent in-field or in-hospital detoxification of large numbers of biohazard-exposed victims; for example, after radiological attacks. The proposed systems is based on nanoscale technology employing biocompatible, superparamagnetic nanospheres, which are functionalized with target-specific antitoxin receptors, and freely circulate within the human blood stream after simple intravenous injection. Sequestration of the blood-borne toxins onto the nanosphere receptors generates circulating nanosphere-toxin complexes within a short time interval; mathematical modeling indicates prevailing of unbound nanosphere receptors over target toxin concentrations at most therapeutic injection dosages. After a toxin-specific time interval nanosphere-toxin complexes are generated within the blood stream and, after simple arterial or venous access, the blood is subsequently circulated via a small catheter through a portable high gradient magnetic separator device. In this device, the magnetic toxin complexes are retained by a high gradient magnetic field and the detoxified blood is then returned back to the blood circulation (extracorporeal circulation). Our preliminary in vitro experiments demonstrate >95% first pass capture efficiency of magnetic spheres within a prototype high gradient magnetic separation device. Further, based on the synthesis of novel hydrophobic magnetite nanophases with high magnetization ( approximately 55 emu/g), the first biodegradable magnetic nanospheres at a size range of approximately 280 nm and functionalized with PEG-maleimide surface groups for specific antibody attachment are described here. In future applications, we envision this technology to be suitable for emergent, in-field usage for acutely biohazard exposed victims as both the injectable toxin-binding magnetic spheres and the separator device are made to be portable, light-weight, zero-power, and self- or helper-employed. Details of the technology are presented and the state-of-knowledge and research is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Chen
- Neurocritical Care and Acute Stroke Program, Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2030, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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50
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Santos B, Sayalero ML, Zarzuelo A, Lanao JM. DETERMINATION OF AMIKACIN IN BIOLOGICAL TISSUES BY HPLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120008760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Santos
- a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca , Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Ma Luisa Sayalero
- a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca , Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Zarzuelo
- a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca , Salamanca, 37007, Spain
| | - José M. Lanao
- a Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca , Salamanca, 37007, Spain
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