1
|
Kumar A, Nahak BK, Gupta P, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Laser-Induced Intracellular Delivery: Exploiting Gold-Coated Spiky Polymeric Nanoparticles and Gold Nanorods under Near-Infrared Pulses for Single-Cell Nano-Photon-Poration. Micromachines (Basel) 2024; 15:168. [PMID: 38398898 PMCID: PMC10890628 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the potential of laser-induced nano-photon-poration as a non-invasive technique for the intracellular delivery of micro/macromolecules at the single-cell level. This research proposes the utilization of gold-coated spiky polymeric nanoparticles (Au-PNPs) and gold nanorods (GNRs) to achieve efficient intracellular micro/macromolecule delivery at the single-cell level. By shifting the operating wavelength towards the near-infrared (NIR) range, the intracellular delivery efficiency and viability of Au-PNP-mediated photon-poration are compared to those using GNR-mediated intracellular delivery. Employing Au-PNPs as mediators in conjunction with nanosecond-pulsed lasers, a highly efficient intracellular delivery, while preserving high cell viability, is demonstrated. Laser pulses directed at Au-PNPs generate over a hundred hot spots per particle through plasmon resonance, facilitating the formation of photothermal vapor nanobubbles (PVNBs). These PVNBs create transient pores, enabling the gentle transfer of cargo from the extracellular to the intracellular milieu, without inducing deleterious effects in the cells. The optimization of wavelengths in the NIR region, coupled with low laser fluence (27 mJ/cm2) and nanoparticle concentrations (34 µg/mL), achieves outstanding delivery efficiencies (96%) and maintains high cell viability (up to 99%) across the various cell types, including cancer and neuronal cells. Importantly, sustained high cell viability (90-95%) is observed even 48 h post laser exposure. This innovative development holds considerable promise for diverse applications, encompassing drug delivery, gene therapy, and regenerative medicine. This study underscores the efficiency and versatility of the proposed technique, positioning it as a valuable tool for advancing intracellular delivery strategies in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (A.K.)
| | - Bishal Kumar Nahak
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (A.K.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (A.K.)
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hao YJ, Chang LW, Yang CY, Lo LC, Lin CP, Jian YW, Jiang JK, Tseng FG. The rare circulating tumor microemboli as a biomarker contributes to predicting early colorectal cancer recurrences after medical treatment. Transl Res 2024; 263:1-14. [PMID: 37558203 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Early prognosis of cancer recurrence remains difficult partially due to insufficient and ineffective screening biomarkers or regimes. This study evaluated the rare circulating tumor microemboli (CTM) from liquid biopsy individually and together with circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and serum CEA/CA19-9 in a panel, on early prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence. Stained CTCs/CTM were detected by a microfluidic chip-based automatic rare-cell imaging platform. ROC, AUC, Kaplan-Meier survival, and Cox proportional hazard models regarding 4 selected biomarkers were analyzed. The relative risk, odds ratio, predictive accuracy, and positive/negative predictive value of biomarkers individually and in combination, to predict CRC recurrence were assessed and preliminarily validated. The EpCAM+Hochest+CD45- CTCs/CTM could be found in all cancer stages, where more recurrences were observed in late-stage cases. Significant correlations between CTCs/CTM with metastatic stages and clinical treatment were illustrated. CA19-9 and CTM could be seen as independent risk factors in patient survivals, while stratified patients by grouped biomarkers on the Kaplan-Meier analyses presented more significant differences in predicting CRC recurrences. By monitoring the panel of selected biomarkers, disease progressions of 4 CRC patients during follow-up visits after first treatments within 3 years were predicted successfully. This study unveiled the value of rare CTM on clinical studies and a panel of selected biomarkers on predicting CRC recurrences in patients at the early time after medical treatment, in which the CTM and serum CA19-9 could be applied in clinical surveillance and CRC management to improve the accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jie Hao
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Wey Chang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Yang
- Department of Teaching and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Commission for General Education, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan; General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chuan Lo
- National Genomics Center for Clinical and Biotechnological Applications, Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ping Lin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Wei Jian
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar A, Goudar VS, Nahak BK, Tsai PH, Lin HW, Tseng FG. [Ru(dpp) 3 ]Cl 2 -Embedded Oxygen Nano Polymeric Sensors: A Promising Tool for Monitoring Intracellular and Intratumoral Oxygen Gradients with High Quantum Yield and Long Lifetime. Small 2023:e2307955. [PMID: 38148312 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Unraveling the intricacies between oxygen dynamics and cellular processes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) hinges upon precise monitoring of intracellular and intratumoral oxygen levels, which holds paramount significance. The majority of these reported oxygen nanoprobes suffer compromised lifetime and quantum yield when exposed to the robust ROS activities prevalent in TME, limiting their prolonged in vitro usability. Herein, the ruthenium-embedded oxygen nano polymeric sensor (Ru-ONPS) is proposed for precise oxygen gradient monitoring within the cellular environment and TME. Ru-ONPS (≈64±7 nm) incorporates [Ru(dpp)3 ]Cl2 dye into F-127 and crosslinks it with urea and paraformaldehyde, ensuring a prolonged lifetime (5.4 µs), high quantum yield (66.65 ± 2.43% in N2 and 49.80 ± 3.14% in O2 ), superior photostability (>30 min), and excellent stability in diverse environmental conditions. Based on the Stern-Volmer plot, the Ru-ONPS shows complete linearity for a wide dynamic range (0-23 mg L-1 ), with a detection limit of 10 µg mL-1 . Confocal imaging reveals Ru-ONPS cellular uptake and intratumoral distribution. After 72 h, HCT-8 cells show 5.20±1.03% oxygen levels, while NIH3T3 cells have 7.07±1.90%. Co-culture spheroids display declining oxygen levels of 17.90±0.88%, 10.90±0.88%, and 5.10±1.18%, at 48, 120, and 216 h, respectively. Ru-ONPS advances cellular oxygen measurement and facilitates hypoxia-dependent metastatic research and therapeutic target identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
| | - Venkanagouda S Goudar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
| | - Bishal Kumar Nahak
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
| | - Ping-Hsun Tsai
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
- Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan ROC
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shinde P, Shinde A, Kar S, Illath K, Nagai M, Tseng FG, Santra TS. Ultrathin SU-8 membrane for highly efficient tunable cell patterning and massively parallel large biomolecular delivery. Lab Chip 2023; 23:4636-4651. [PMID: 37655799 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00244f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cell patterning is a powerful technique for the precise control and arrangement of cells, enabling detailed single-cell analysis with broad applications in therapeutics, diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. This study presents a novel and efficient technique that enables massively parallel high throughput cell patterning and precise delivery of small to large biomolecules into patterned cells. The innovative cell patterning device proposed in this study is a standalone, ultrathin 3D SU-8 micro-stencil membrane, with a thickness of 10 μm. It features an array of micro-holes ranging from 40 μm to 80 μm, spaced apart by 50 μm to 150 μm. By culturing cells on top of this SU-8 membrane, the technique achieves highly efficient cell patterns varying from single-cell to cell clusters on a Petri dish. Utilizing this technique, we have achieved a remarkable reproducible patterning efficiency for mouse fibroblast L929 (80.5%), human cervical SiHa (81%), and human neuroblastoma IMR32 (89.6%) with less than 1% defects in undesired areas. Single-cell patterning efficiency was observed to be highest at 75.8% for L929 cells. Additionally, we have demonstrated massively parallel high throughput uniform transfection of large biomolecules into live patterned cells by employing an array of titanium micro-rings (10 μm outer diameter, 3 μm inner diameter) activated through infrared light pulses. Successful delivery of a wide range of small to very large biomolecules, including propidium iodide (PI) dye (668.4 Da), dextran (3 kDa), siRNA (13.3 kDa), and β-galactosidase enzyme (465 kDa), was accomplished in cell patterns for various cancer cells. Notably, our platform achieved exceptional delivery efficiencies of 97% for small molecules like PI dye and 84% for the enzyme, with corresponding high cell viability of 100% and 90%, respectively. Furthermore, the compact and reusable SU-8-based membrane device facilitates highly efficient cell patterning, transfection, and cell viability, making it a promising tool for diagnostics and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
| | - Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Japan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kao JC, Bhalothia D, Wang ZX, Lin HW, Tseng FG, Ting LY, Chou HH, Lo YC, Chou JP, Chen TY. Electron Injection via Interfacial Atomic Au Clusters Substantially Enhance the Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic H 2 Production of the PF3T Enclosed TiO 2 Nanocomposite. Small 2023; 19:e2303391. [PMID: 37267938 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid composite of organic-inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials with atomic Au clusters at the interface decoration (denoted as PF3T@Au-TiO2 ) is developed for visible-light-driven H2 production via direct water splitting. With a strong electron coupling between the terthiophene groups, Au atoms and the oxygen atoms at the heterogeneous interface, significant electron injection from the PF3T to TiO2 occurs leading to a quantum leap in the H2 production yield (18 578 µmol g-1 h-1 ) by ≈39% as compared to that of the composite without Au decoration (PF3T@TiO2 , 11 321 µmol g-1 h-1 ). Compared to the pure PF3T, such a result is 43-fold improved and is the best performance among all the existing hybrid materials in similar configurations. With robust process control via industrially applicable methods, it is anticipated that the findings and proposed methodologies can accelerate the development of high-performance eco-friendly photocatalytic hydrogen production technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Cheng Kao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Dinesh Bhalothia
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Zan-Xiang Wang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wu Lin
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Ting
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Hsiu Chou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Lo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Pin Chou
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, 50007, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Yao Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Centre, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tseng FG, Chiu WC, Huang PJ. A Swiss-Roll-Type Methanol Mini-Steam Reformer for Hydrogen Generation with High Efficiency and Long-Term Durability. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1845. [PMID: 37893282 PMCID: PMC10608973 DOI: 10.3390/mi14101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a Swiss-roll-type mini-reformer employing a copper-zinc catalyst for high-efficient SRM process. Although the commercially available copper-zinc catalysts commonly used in cylindrical-type reformers provide decent conversion rates in the short term, their long-term durability still requires improvement, mainly due to temperature variations in the reformer, catalyst loading, and thermal sintering issues. This Swiss-roll-shaped mini-reformer is designed to improve thermal energy preservation/temperature uniformity by using dual spiral channels to improve the long-term durability while maintaining methanol-reforming efficiency. It was fabricated on a copper plate that was 80 mm wide, 80 mm long, and 4 mm high with spiral channels that were 2 mm deep, 4 mm wide, and 350 mm long. To optimize the design and reformer operation, the catalyst porosity, gas hourly speed velocity (GHSV), operation temperature, and fuel feeding rate are investigated. Swiss-roll-type reformers may require higher driving pressures but can provide better thermal energy preservation and temperature uniformity, posing a higher conversion rate for the same amount of catalyst when compared with other geometries. By carefully adjusting the catalyst bed porosity, locations, and catalyst loading amount as well as other conditions, an optimized gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) can be obtained (14,580 mL/g·h) and lead to not only a high conversion rate (96%) and low carbon monoxide generation rate (0.98%) but also a better long-term durability (decay from 96% to 88.12% after 60 h operation time) for SRM processes. The decay rate, 0.13%/h, after 60 h of operation, is five-folds lower than that (0.67%/h, 0.134%/h) of a commercial cylindrical-type fixed-bed reactor with a commercial catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hshinchu 300, Taiwan; (W.-C.C.); (P.-J.H.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kaladharan K, Chen KH, Chen PH, Goudar VS, Ishdorj TO, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Dual-clamped One-Pot SERS-based Biosensors for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Portable Raman Spectrometer. Sens Actuators B Chem 2023; 393:134172. [PMID: 37363301 PMCID: PMC10276524 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2023.134172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and sensitive diagnostics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is of utmost importance to control the widespread coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upsurge. This study demonstrated a novel one-pot surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based immunoassay to detect SARS-CoV-2, without any washing process using a portable Raman spectrometer. The SERS-immune assay was designed using a regular digital versatile disk (DVD) substrate integrated with Raman reporter labeled silver nanoparticles for double clamping effects. The disks were molded to form nanopillar arrays and coated with silver film to enhance the sensitivity of immunoassay. The SERS platform demonstrated a limit of detection (LoD) up to 50 pg mL-1 for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and virus-like-particle (VLP) protein in phosphate buffer saline within a turnaround time of 20 minutes. Moreover, VLP protein spiked in untreated saliva achieved an LoD of 400 pg mL-1, providing a cycle threshold (Ct) value range of 30-32, closer to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results (35-40) and higher than the commercial rapid antigen tests, ranging from 25-28. Therefore, the developed one-pot SERS based biosensor exhibited highly sensitive and rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2, which could be a potential point-of-care platform for early and cost-effective diagnosis of the COVID-19 virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kaladharan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
| | - Kuan-Hung Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
| | - Pin-Han Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
| | - Venkanagouda S Goudar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
| | - Tseren-Onolt Ishdorj
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Mongolia
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
- Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan ROC
- Frontier Research Centre on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua, University, Taiwan, ROC
- Research Centre for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hung CJ, Panda AS, Lee YC, Liu SY, Lin JW, Wang HF, Avgeropoulos A, Tseng FG, Chen FR, Ho RM. Direct Visualization of the Self-Alignment Process for Nanostructured Block Copolymer Thin Films by Transmission Electron Microscopy. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:570-576. [PMID: 37053545 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, this work aims to directly visualize the morphological evolution of the controlled self-assembly of star-block polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS) thin films via in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations. With an environmental chip, possessing a built-in metal wire-based microheater fabricated by the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technique, in situ TEM observations can be conducted under low-dose conditions to investigate the development of film-spanning perpendicular cylinders in the block copolymer (BCP) thin films via a self-alignment process. Owing to the free-standing condition, a symmetric condition of the BCP thin films can be formed for thermal annealing under vacuum with neutral air surface, whereas an asymmetric condition can be formed by an air plasma treatment on one side of the thin film that creates an end-capped neutral layer. A systematic comparison of the time-resolved self-alignment process in the symmetric and asymmetric conditions can be carried out, giving comprehensive insights for the self-alignment process via the nucleation and growth mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jung Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Aum Sagar Panda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chien Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yi Liu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Electron Microscopy Development and Application, Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Fang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Rong Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, 518057, Hong Kong
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chan WJ, Bupphathong S, Cho HL, Goudar VS, Dehestani S, Chiang CS, Tseng FG. Engineering a potent boron-10-enriched polymeric nanoparticle for boron neutron capture therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:743-754. [PMID: 37306216 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising cancer treatment that eliminates tumor cells by triggering high-energy radiation within cancer cells. Aim: In vivo evaluation of poly(vinyl alcohol)/boric acid crosslinked nanoparticles (PVA/BA NPs) for BNCT. Materials & methods: PVA/BA NPs were synthesized and intravenously injected into tumor-bearing mice for BNCT. Results: The in vitro boron uptake of PVA/BA NPs in tumor cells was 70-fold higher than the required boron uptake for successful BNCT. In an in vivo study, PVA/BA NPs showed a 44.29% reduction in tumor size compared with clinically used boronophenylalanine for oral cancer in a murine model. Conclusion: PVA/BA NPs exhibited effective therapeutic results for oral cancer treatments in BNCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Sasinan Bupphathong
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Han-Lin Cho
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | | | - Sina Dehestani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Chi-Shiun Chiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kumar A, Goudar VS, Kaladharan K, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Synthesis and characterization of a fluorescent polymeric nano-thermometer: dynamic monitoring of 3D temperature distribution in co-cultured tumor spheroids. Analyst 2023; 148:2045-2057. [PMID: 36975995 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01968j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Temperature governs the reactivity of a wide range of biomolecules in the cellular environment dynamically. The complex cellular pathways and molecules in solid tumors substantially produce temperature gradients in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Hence, visualization of these temperature gradients at the cellular level would give physiologically relevant spatio-temporal information about solid tumors. This study used fluorescent polymeric nano-thermometers (FPNTs) to measure the intratumor temperature in co-cultured 3D tumor spheroids. A temperature-sensitive rhodamine-B dye and Pluronic F-127 were conjugated through hydrophobic and hydrophobic interactions and then cross-linked with urea-paraformaldehyde resins to form the FPNTs. The characterization results exhibit monodisperse nanoparticles (166 ± 10 nm) with persistent fluorescence. The FPNTs exhibit a linear response with a wide temperature sensing range (25-100 °C) and are stable toward pH, ionic strength, and oxidative stress. FPNTs were utilized to monitor the temperature gradient in co-cultured 3D tumor spheroids and the temperature difference between the core (34.9 °C) and the periphery (37.8 °C) was 2.9 °C. This investigation demonstrates that the FPNTs have great stability, biocompatibility, and high intensity in a biological medium. The usage of FPNTs as a multifunctional adjuvant may demonstrate the dynamics of the TME and they may be suitable candidates to examine thermoregulation in tumor spheroids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan ROC.
| | - Venkanagouda S Goudar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan ROC.
| | - Kiran Kaladharan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan ROC.
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan ROC.
- Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan ROC
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Santra TS, Tseng FG. Single-Cell Analysis 2.0. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010154. [PMID: 36611946 PMCID: PMC9818738 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In 1665, Robert Hooke published his revolutionary book Micrographia [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-044-2257-4747
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muldoon K, Ahmad Z, Su YC, Tseng FG, Chen X, McLaughlin JAD, Chang MW. A Refined Hot Melt Printing Technique with Real-Time CT Imaging Capability. Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 13:1794. [PMID: 36296147 PMCID: PMC9609882 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Personalised drug delivery systems with the ability to offer real-time imaging and control release are an advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This allows for a tailored drug dosage specific to the patient with a release profile that offers the optimum therapeutic effect. Coupling this application with medical imaging capabilities, real-time contrast can be viewed to display the interaction with the host. Current approaches towards such novelty produce a drug burst release profile and contrasting agents associated with side effects as a result of poor encapsulation of these components. In this study, a 3D-printed drug delivery matrix with real-time imaging is engineered. Polycaprolactone (PCL) forms the bulk structure and encapsulates tetracycline hydrochloride (TH), an antibiotic drug and Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONP, Fe3O4), a superparamagnetic contrasting agent. Hot melt extrusion (HME) coupled with fused deposition modelling (FDM) is utilised to promote the encapsulation of TH and IONP. The effect of additives on the formation of micropores (10-20 µm) on the 3D-printed surface was investigated. The high-resolution process demonstrated successful encapsulation of both bioactive and nano components to present promising applications in drug delivery systems, medical imaging and targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Muldoon
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), University of Ulster, Belfast BT15 1ED, UK
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Yu-Chuan Su
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystem, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Xing Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry of China, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - James A. D. McLaughlin
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), University of Ulster, Belfast BT15 1ED, UK
| | - Ming-Wei Chang
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre (NIBEC), University of Ulster, Belfast BT15 1ED, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Panda AS, Lee YC, Hung CJ, Liu KP, Chang CY, Manesi GM, Avgeropoulos A, Tseng FG, Chen FR, Ho RM. Vacuum-Driven Orientation of Nanostructured Diblock Copolymer Thin Films. ACS Nano 2022; 16:12686-12694. [PMID: 35905494 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to demonstrate a facile method for the controlled orientation of nanostructures of block copolymer (BCP) thin films. A simple diblock copolymer system, polystyrene-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PS-b-PDMS), is chosen to demonstrate vacuum-driven orientation for solving the notorious low-surface-energy problem of silicon-based BCP nanopatterning. By taking advantage of the pressure dependence of the surface tension of polymeric materials, a neutral air surface for the PS-b-PDMS thin film can be formed under a high vacuum degree (∼10-4 Pa), allowing the formation of the film-spanning perpendicular cylinders and lamellae upon thermal annealing. In contrast to perpendicular lamellae, a long-range lateral order for forming perpendicular cylinders can be efficiently achieved through the self-alignment mechanism for induced ordering from the top and bottom of the free-standing thin film.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aum Sagar Panda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chien Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Jung Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Ping Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Gkreti-Maria Manesi
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, University Campus, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Rong Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Rong-Ming Ho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hao YJ, Yang CY, Chen MH, Chang LW, Lin CP, Lo LC, Huang SC, Lyu YY, Jiang JK, Tseng FG. Potential Values of Circulating microRNA-21 to Predict Early Recurrence in Patients with Colorectal Cancer after Treatments. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092400. [PMID: 35566526 PMCID: PMC9100254 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient prognosis of local recurrence contributes to the poor progression-free survival rate and death in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Various biomarkers have been explored in predicting CRC recurrence. This study investigated the expressions of plasma/exosomal microRNA-21 (miR-21) in 113 CRC patients by qPCR, their values of predicting CRC recurrence, and the possibility to improve the prognostic efficacy in early CRC recurrence in stratified patients by combined biomarkers including circulating miR-21s, circulating tumour cells/microemboli (CTCs/CTM), and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Expressions of plasma and exosomal miR-21s were significantly correlated (p < 0.0001) in all and late-stage patients, presenting similar correlations with other biomarkers. However, stage IV patients stratified by a high level of exosomal miR-21 and stage I to III patients stratified by a high level of plasma miR-21 displayed significantly worse survival outcomes in predicting CRC recurrence, suggesting their different values to predict CRC recurrence in stratified patients. Comparable and even better performances in predicting CRC recurrence in late-stage patients were found by CTCs/CTM from our blood samples as sensitive biomarkers. Improved prognosing efficacy in CRC recurrence and better outcomes to significantly differentiate recurrence in stratified patients could be obtained by analysing combined biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jie Hao
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (M.-H.C.); (L.-W.C.)
- School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK
| | - Chih-Yung Yang
- Department of Teaching and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan;
- Commission for General Education, National United University, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 110014, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (M.-H.C.); (L.-W.C.)
| | - Lu-Wey Chang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (M.-H.C.); (L.-W.C.)
| | - Chien-Ping Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-P.L.); (L.-C.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Liang-Chuan Lo
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-P.L.); (L.-C.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Sheng-Chieh Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - You-You Lyu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-P.L.); (L.-C.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan;
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-K.J.); (F.-G.T.); Tel.: +886-3-571-5131 (ext. 34270) (F.-G.T.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (Y.-J.H.); (M.-H.C.); (L.-W.C.)
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-K.J.); (F.-G.T.); Tel.: +886-3-571-5131 (ext. 34270) (F.-G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen KH, Lee SH, Kok LC, Ishdorj TO, Chang HY, Tseng FG. A 3D-ACEK/SERS system for highly efficient and selectable electrokinetic bacteria concentration/detection/ antibiotic-susceptibility-test on whole blood. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 197:113740. [PMID: 34785491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a novel multi-functional microfluidic system, designated three dimensional Alternative Current Electrokinetic/Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (3D-ACEK/SERS), which can concentrate bacteria from whole blood, identify bacterial species, and determine antibiotic susceptibilities of the bacteria rapidly. The system consists of a hybrid electrokinetic mechanism, integrating AC-electroosmosis (AC-EO) and dielectrophoresis (DEP) that allows thousand-fold concentration of bacteria, including S. aureus, Escherichia coli, and Chryseobacterium indologenes, in the center of an electrode with a wide range of working distance (hundreds to thousands of μm), while exclusion of blood cells through negative DEP forces. This microchip employs SERS assay to determine the identity of the concentrated bacteria in approximately 2 min with a limit of detection of 3 CFU/ml, 5 orders of magnitude lower than that using standard centrifugation-purification process. Finally, label-free antibiotic susceptibility testing has been successfully demonstrated on the platform using both antibiotic-sensitive and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains illustrating a potential utility of the system to clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Chen
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystem, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Kok
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Tseren-Onolt Ishdorj
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystem, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu, Taiwan; Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, Taiwan; Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chakrabarty P, Gupta P, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Tseng FG, Santra TS. Microfluidic mechanoporation for cellular delivery and analysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100193. [PMID: 35005598 PMCID: PMC8718663 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient intracellular delivery strategies are essential for developing therapeutic, diagnostic, biological, and various biomedical applications. The recent advancement of micro/nanotechnology has focused numerous researches towards developing microfluidic device-based strategies due to the associated high throughput delivery, cost-effectiveness, robustness, and biocompatible nature. The delivery strategies can be carrier-mediated or membrane disruption-based, where membrane disruption methods find popularity due to reduced toxicity, enhanced delivery efficiency, and cell viability. Among all of the membrane disruption techniques, the mechanoporation strategies are advantageous because of no external energy source required for membrane deformation, thereby achieving high delivery efficiencies and increased cell viability into different cell types with negligible toxicity. The past two decades have consequently seen a tremendous boost in mechanoporation-based research for intracellular delivery and cellular analysis. This article provides a brief review of the most recent developments on microfluidic-based mechanoporation strategies such as microinjection, nanoneedle arrays, cell-squeezing, and hydroporation techniques with their working principle, device fabrication, cellular delivery, and analysis. Moreover, a brief discussion of the different mechanoporation strategies integrated with other delivery methods has also been provided. Finally, the advantages, limitations, and future prospects of this technique are discussed compared to other intracellular delivery techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB30FA, UK
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gupta P, Shinde A, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Tseng FG, Santra TS. Microfluidic platforms for single neuron analysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100222. [PMID: 35243297 PMCID: PMC8866890 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Single-neuron actions are the basis of brain function, as clinical sequelae, neuronal dysfunction or failure for most of the central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries can be identified via tracing single-neurons. The bulk analysis methods tend to miscue critical information by assessing the population-averaged outcomes. However, its primary requisite in neuroscience to analyze single-neurons and to understand dynamic interplay of neurons and their environment. Microfluidic systems enable precise control over nano-to femto-liter volumes via adjusting device geometry, surface characteristics, and flow-dynamics, thus facilitating a well-defined micro-environment with spatio-temporal control for single-neuron analysis. The microfluidic platform not only offers a comprehensive landscape to study brain cell diversity at the level of transcriptome, genome, and/or epigenome of individual cells but also has a substantial role in deciphering complex dynamics of brain development and brain-related disorders. In this review, we highlight recent advances of microfluidic devices for single-neuron analysis, i.e., single-neuron trapping, single-neuron dynamics, single-neuron proteomics, single-neuron transcriptomics, drug delivery at the single-neuron level, single axon guidance, and single-neuron differentiation. Moreover, we also emphasize limitations and future challenges of single-neuron analysis by focusing on key performances of throughput and multiparametric activity analysis on microfluidic platforms.
Collapse
|
18
|
Illath K, Kar S, Gupta P, Shinde A, Wankhar S, Tseng FG, Lim KT, Nagai M, Santra TS. Microfluidic nanomaterials: From synthesis to biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121247. [PMID: 34801251 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic platforms gain popularity in biomedical research due to their attractive inherent features, especially in nanomaterials synthesis. This review critically evaluates the current state of the controlled synthesis of nanomaterials using microfluidic devices. We describe nanomaterials' screening in microfluidics, which is very relevant for automating the synthesis process for biomedical applications. We discuss the latest microfluidics trends to achieve noble metal, silica, biopolymer, quantum dots, iron oxide, carbon-based, rare-earth-based, and other nanomaterials with a specific size, composition, surface modification, and morphology required for particular biomedical application. Screening nanomaterials has become an essential tool to synthesize desired nanomaterials using more automated processes with high speed and repeatability, which can't be neglected in today's microfluidic technology. Moreover, we emphasize biomedical applications of nanomaterials, including imaging, targeting, therapy, and sensing. Before clinical use, nanomaterials have to be evaluated under physiological conditions, which is possible in the microfluidic system as it stimulates chemical gradients, fluid flows, and the ability to control microenvironment and partitioning multi-organs. In this review, we emphasize the clinical evaluation of nanomaterials using microfluidics which was not covered by any other reviews. In the future, the growth of new materials or modification in existing materials using microfluidics platforms and applications in a diversity of biomedical fields by utilizing all the features of microfluidic technology is expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | - Ashwini Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India
| | - Syrpailyne Wankhar
- Department of Bioengineering, Christian Medical College Vellore, Vellore, India
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, South Korea
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nain A, Huang HH, Chevrier DM, Tseng YT, Sangili A, Lin YF, Huang YF, Chang L, Chang FC, Huang CC, Tseng FG, Chang HT. Catalytic and photoresponsive BiZ/Cu xS heterojunctions with surface vacancies for the treatment of multidrug-resistant clinical biofilm-associated infections. Nanoscale 2021; 13:18632-18646. [PMID: 34734624 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr06358h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report a one-pot facile synthesis of highly photoresponsive bovine serum albumin (BSA) templated bismuth-copper sulfide nanocomposites (BSA-BiZ/CuxS NCs, where BiZ represents in situ formed Bi2S3 and bismuth oxysulfides (BOS)). As-formed surface vacancies and BiZ/CuxS heterojunctions impart superior catalytic, photodynamic and photothermal properties. Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the BSA-BiZ/CuxS NCs exhibit broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, not only against standard multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains but also against clinically isolated MDR bacteria and their associated biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentration of BSA-BiZ/CuxS NCs is 14-fold lower than that of BSA-CuxS NCs because their multiple heterojunctions and vacancies facilitated an amplified phototherapeutic response. As-prepared BSA-BiZ/CuxS NCs exhibited substantial biofilm inhibition (90%) and eradication (>75%) efficiency under NIR irradiation. Furthermore, MRSA-infected diabetic mice were immensely treated with BSA-BiZ/CuxS NCs coupled with NIR irradiation by destroying the mature biofilm on the wound site, which accelerated the wound healing process via collagen synthesis and epithelialization. We demonstrate that BSA-BiZ/CuxS NCs with superior antimicrobial activity and high biocompatibility hold great potential as an effective photosensitive agent for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nain
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Hsin Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Daniel M Chevrier
- Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute of Aix-Marseille (BIAM), CEA Cadarache, Bâtiment 1900, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Arumugam Sangili
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Feng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Fen Huang
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Lung Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Chieh Chang
- Infection Control Centre, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan
- College of Management, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 32003, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Taipei, 10650, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Centre of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
- Research Centre for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Centre on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Goudar VS, Koduri MP, Ta YNN, Chen Y, Chu LA, Lu LS, Tseng FG. Impact of a Desmoplastic Tumor Microenvironment for Colon Cancer Drug Sensitivity: A Study with 3D Chimeric Tumor Spheroids. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:48478-48491. [PMID: 34633791 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture provides opportunities to model tumor growth closer to its natural context. The collagen network in the extracellular matrix supports autonomic tumor cell proliferation, but its presence and role in tumor spheroids remain unclear. In this research, we developed an in vitro 3D co-culture model in a microwell 3D (μ-well 3D) cell-culture array platform to mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME). The modular setup is used to characterize the paracrine signaling molecules and the role of the intraspheroidal collagen network in cancer drug resistance. The μ-well 3D platform is made up of poly(dimethylsiloxane) that contains 630 round wells for individual spheroid growth. Inside each well, the growth surface measured 500 μm in diameter and was functionalized with the amphiphilic copolymer. HCT-8 colon cancer cells and/or NIH3T3 fibroblasts were seeded in each well and incubated for up to 9 days for TME studies. It was observed that NIH3T3 cells promoted the kinetics of tumor organoid formation. The two types of cells self-organized into core-shell chimeric tumor spheroids (CTSs) with fibroblasts confined to the shell and cancer cells localized to the core. Confocal microscopy analysis indicated that a type-I collagen network developed inside the CTS along with increased TGF-β1 and α-SMA proteins. The results were correlated with a significantly increased stiffness in 3D co-cultured CTS up to 52 kPa as compared to two-dimensional (2D) co-culture. CTS was more resistant to 5-FU (IC50 = 14.0 ± 3.9 μM) and Regorafenib (IC50 = 49.8 ± 9.9 μM) compared to cells grown under the 2D condition 5-FU (IC50 = 12.2 ± 3.7 μM) and Regorafenib (IC50 = 5.9 ± 1.9 μM). Targeted collagen homeostasis with Sclerotiorin led to damaged collagen structure and disrupted the type-I collagen network within CTS. Such a treatment significantly sensitized collagen-supported CTS to 5-FU (IC50 = 4.4 ± 1.3 μM) and to Regorafenib (IC50 = 0.5 ± 0.2 μM). In summary, the efficient formation of colon cancer CTSs in a μ-well 3D culture platform allows exploration of the desmoplastic TME. The novel role of intratumor collagen quality as a drug sensitization target warrants further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Venkanagouda S Goudar
- Department of Engineering and System Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Manohar Prasad Koduri
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Liverpool L693GH, U.K
| | - Yen-Nhi Ngoc Ta
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-An Chu
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Long-Sheng Lu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gupta P, Kar S, Kumar A, Tseng FG, Pradhan S, Mahapatra PS, Santra TS. Pulsed laser assisted high-throughput intracellular delivery in hanging drop based three dimensional cancer spheroids. Analyst 2021; 146:4756-4766. [PMID: 34240729 PMCID: PMC7611397 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02432e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Targeted intracellular delivery of biomolecules and therapeutic cargo enables the controlled manipulation of cellular processes. Laser-based optoporation has emerged as a versatile, non-invasive technique that employs light-based transient physical disruption of the cell membrane and achieves high transfection efficiency with low cell damage. Testing of the delivery efficiency of optoporation-based techniques has been conducted on single cells in monolayers, but its applicability in three-dimensional (3D) cell clusters/spheroids has not been explored. Cancer cells grown as 3D tumor spheroids are widely used in anti-cancer drug screening and can be potentially employed for testing delivery efficiency. Towards this goal, we demonstrated the optoporation-based high-throughput intracellular delivery of a model fluorescent cargo (propidium iodide, PI) within 3D SiHa human cervical cancer spheroids. To enable this technique, nano-spiked core-shell gold-coated polystyrene nanoparticles (ns-AuNPs) with a high surface-to-volume ratio were fabricated. ns-AuNPs exhibited high electric field enhancement and highly localized heating at an excitation wavelength of 680 nm. ns-AuNPs were co-incubated with cancer cells within hanging droplets to enable the rapid aggregation and assembly of spheroids. Nanosecond pulsed-laser excitation at the optimized values of laser fluence (45 mJ cm-2), pulse frequency (10 Hz), laser exposure time (30 s), and ns-AuNP concentration (5 × 1010 particles per ml) resulted in the successful delivery of PI dye into cancer cells. This technique ensured high delivery efficiency (89.6 ± 2.8%) while maintaining high cellular viability (97.4 ± 0.4%), thereby validating the applicability of this technique for intracellular delivery. The optoporation-based strategy can enable high-throughput single cell manipulation, is scalable towards larger 3D tissue constructs, and may provide translational benefits for the delivery of anti-cancer therapeutics to tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shantanu Pradhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat & Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| | - Pallab Sinha Mahapatra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chan WJ, Tseng FG. Nanomedicine in boron neutron capture therapy for cancer treatment: opportunities, challenges and future perspectives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1631-1634. [PMID: 34264135 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chan
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kaladharan K, Kumar A, Gupta P, Illath K, Santra TS, Tseng FG. Microfluidic Based Physical Approaches towards Single-Cell Intracellular Delivery and Analysis. Micromachines (Basel) 2021; 12:631. [PMID: 34071732 PMCID: PMC8228766 DOI: 10.3390/mi12060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The ability to deliver foreign molecules into a single living cell with high transfection efficiency and high cell viability is of great interest in cell biology for applications in therapeutic development, diagnostics, and drug delivery towards personalized medicine. Various physical delivery methods have long demonstrated the ability to deliver cargo molecules directly to the cytoplasm or nucleus and the mechanisms underlying most of the approaches have been extensively investigated. However, most of these techniques are bulk approaches that are cell-specific and have low throughput delivery. In comparison to bulk measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. To elucidate distinct responses during cell genetic modification, methods to achieve transfection at the single-cell level are of great interest. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. This review article aims to cover various microfluidic-based physical methods for single-cell intracellular delivery such as electroporation, mechanoporation, microinjection, sonoporation, optoporation, magnetoporation, and thermoporation and their analysis. The mechanisms of various physical methods, their applications, limitations, and prospects are also elaborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kaladharan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India; (P.G.); (K.I.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan; (K.K.); (A.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chu HY, Yang CY, Yeh PH, Hsu CJ, Chang LW, Chan WJ, Lin CP, Lyu YY, Wu WC, Lee CW, Wu JK, Jiang JK, Tseng FG. Highly Correlated Recurrence Prognosis in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer by Synergistic Consideration of Circulating Tumor Cells/Microemboli and Tumor Markers CEA/CA19-9. Cells 2021; 10:1149. [PMID: 34068719 PMCID: PMC8151024 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulation tumor cells (CTCs) play an important role in metastasis and highly correlate with cancer progression; thus, CTCs could be considered as a powerful diagnosis tool. Our previous studies showed that the number of CTCs could be utilized for recurrence prediction in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the odds ratio was still lower than five. To improve prognosis in CRC patients, we analyzed CTC clusters/microemboli, CTC numbers, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)/carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels using a self-assembled cell array (SACA) chip system for recurrence prediction. In CRC patients, the presence of CTC clusters/microemboli may have higher correlation in metastasis when compared to the high number of CTCs. Additionally, when both the number of CTCs and serum CEA levels are high, very high odds ratios of 24.4 and 17.1 are observed in patients at all stages and stage III of CRC, respectively. The high number of CTCs and CTC clusters/microemboli simultaneously suggests the high chance of relapse (odds ratio 8.4). Overall, the characteristic of CTC clusters/microemboli, CEA level, and CTC number have a clinical potential to enhance CRC prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Yao Chu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yung Yang
- Department Education Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan;
- Center for General Education, National United University, Miaoli 36003, Taiwan
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 110014, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hao Yeh
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
| | - Chun-Jieh Hsu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
| | - Lu-Wei Chang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
| | - Wei-Jen Chan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
| | - Chien-Ping Lin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-P.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - You-You Lyu
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (C.-P.L.); (Y.-Y.L.)
| | - Wei-Cheng Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
| | - Jen-Kuei Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
- Biomedical Science and Engineering Center, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (P.-H.Y.); (C.-J.H.); (L.-W.C.); (W.-J.C.); (W.-C.W.); (C.-W.L.); (J.-K.W.)
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chan WJ, Cho HL, Goudar V, Bupphathong S, Shu CH, Kung C, Tseng FG. Boron-enriched polyvinyl-alcohol/boric-acid nanoparticles for boron neutron capture therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:441-452. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the noninvasive nature of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), it is considered a promising cancer treatment method. Aim: To investigate whether polyvinyl alcohol/boric acid crosslinked nanoparticles (PVA/BA NPs) are an efficient delivery system for BNCT. Materials & methods: PVA/BA NPs were synthesized and cocultured with brain and oral cancers cells for BNCT. Results: PVA/BA NPs had a boron-loading capacity of 7.83 ± 1.75 w/w%. They accumulated in brain and oral cancers cells at least threefold more than in fibroblasts and macrophages. The IC50 values of the brain and oral cancers cells were at least ninefold and sixfold lower than those of fibroblasts and macrophages, respectively. Conclusion: Theoretically, PVA/BA NPs target brain and oral cancers cells and could offer improved therapeutic outcomes of BNCT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jen Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Han-Lin Cho
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Venkanagouda Goudar
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sasinan Bupphathong
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Shu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chi Kung
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Engineering & System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental & Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nain A, Wei SC, Lin YF, Tseng YT, Mandal RP, Huang YF, Huang CC, Tseng FG, Chang HT. Copper Sulfide Nanoassemblies for Catalytic and Photoresponsive Eradication of Bacteria from Infected Wounds. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:7865-7878. [PMID: 33586966 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bovine serum albumin (BSA)-encapsulated copper sulfide nanocrystals (CuS NCs) were prepared by heating an alkaline solution containing copper ions and BSA without an additional sulfur source. At a high BSA concentration (0.8 mM), nanoassembly of the as-formed CuS NCs occurs to form BSA-CuS NCs as a result of the formation of BSA gel-like structures. In addition to their intrinsic photothermal properties, the BSA-CuS NCs possess rich surface vacancies and thus exhibit enzyme-like and photodynamic activities. Spontaneous generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) led to the in situ formation of copper peroxide (CPO) nanodots on the BSA-CuS NCs to catalyze singlet oxygen radical generation. The antimicrobial response was enhanced by >60-fold upon NIR laser irradiation, which was ascribed to the combined effect of the photodynamic and photothermal inactivation of bacteria. Furthermore, BSA-CuS NCs were transdermally administered onto a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound and eradicated >99% of bacteria in just 1 min under NIR illumination due to the additional peroxidase-like activity of BSA-CuS NCs, transforming H2O2 at the infection site into hydroxyl radicals and thus increasing the synergistic effect from photodynamic and photothermal treatment. The BSA-CuS NCs exhibited insignificant in vitro cytotoxicity and hemolysis and thus can serve as highly biocompatible bactericides in preclinical applications to effectively eradicate bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nain
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Yu-Fen Huang
- Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The ability to deliver foreign cargos into single living cells is of great interest in cell biology and therapeutic research. Here, we have reported a single or multiple position based nano-localized single-cell nano-electroporation platform. The device consists of an array of triangular shape ITO nano-electrodes with a 70 nm gap between two nano-electrodes, each having a 40 nm tip diameter. The voltage is applied between nano-electrodes to generate an intense electric field, which electroporates multiple nano-localized regions of the targeted single-cell membrane, and biomolecules are gently delivered into cells by pressurizing pump flow, without affecting cell viability. The platform successfully delivers dyes, QDs, and plasmids into different cell types with the variation of field strength, pulse duration, and the number of pulses. This new approach allows us to analyze delivery of different biomolecules into single living cells with high transfection efficiency (>96%, for CL1-0 cells) and high cell viability (∼98%), which are potentially beneficial for cellular therapy and diagnostic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 60036, India.
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 60036, India. and Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan and Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan and Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan and Frontier Research Center of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30012, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen KH, Pan MJ, Jargalsaikhan Z, Ishdorj TO, Tseng FG. Development of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Surface-Corrugated Nanopillars for Biomolecular Detection of Colorectal Cancer. Biosensors (Basel) 2020; 10:E163. [PMID: 33142781 PMCID: PMC7692079 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a nanobiosensor with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) capability is introduced for highly sensitive miRNA detection in colorectal cancer. This sensor was designed and fabricated by employing a nanoshielding mechanism from nanopolystyrene beads to resist reactive ion etching and allow anisotropic electrochemical etching, producing high-aspect-ratio, surface-corrugated nanopillars (SiNPs) on a silicon wafer to create extensive hot spots along the nanopillars for improved SERS signals. SERS enhancements were correlated with nanorange roughness, indicating that hot spots along the pillars were the crucial factor to improve the SERS effect. We achieved the detection capability of a trace amount of R6G (10-8 M), and the SERS signal enhancement factor (EF) was close to 1.0 × 107 on surface-corrugated gold SiNPs. miRNA samples were also demonstrated on this sensor with good sensitivity and specificity. The target molecule miR-21-Cy5 was easily monitored through Raman spectrum variation with a PCR-comparable concentration at around 100 pM with clear nucleotide-specific Raman signals, which is also suitable for biomolecule sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Chen
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Ju Pan
- Engineering and System Science Dept., National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Zoljargal Jargalsaikhan
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 13341-0048, Mongolia; (Z.J.); (T.-O.I.)
| | - Tseren-Onolt Ishdorj
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 13341-0048, Mongolia; (Z.J.); (T.-O.I.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
- Engineering and System Science Dept., National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan;
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, HsinChu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Cells are known to be the most fundamental building block of life[...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Shinde P, Kar S, Loganathan M, Chang HY, Tseng FG, Nagai M, Santra TS. Infrared Pulse Laser-Activated Highly Efficient Intracellular Delivery Using Titanium Microdish Device. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5645-5652. [PMID: 33320577 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report infrared (IR) pulse laser-activated highly efficient parallel intracellular delivery by using an array of titanium microdish (TMD) device. Upon IR laser pulse irradiation, a two-dimensional array of TMD device generated photothermal cavitation bubbles to disrupt the cell membrane surface and create transient membrane pores to deliver biomolecules into cells by a simple diffusion process. We successfully delivered the dyes and different sizes of dextran in different cell types with variations of laser pulses. Our platform has the ability to transfect more than a million cells in a parallel fashion within a minute. The best results were achieved for SiHa cells with a delivery efficiency of 96% and a cell viability of around 98% for propidium iodide dye using 600 pulses, whereas a delivery efficiency of 98% and a cell viability of 100% were obtained for dextran 3000 MW delivery using 700 pulses. For dextran 10,000 MW, the delivery efficiency was 92% and the cell viability was 98%, respectively. The device is compact, easy-to-use, and potentially applicable for cellular therapy and diagnostic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FA U.K
| | - Mohan Loganathan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chu HY, Chen YJ, Hsu CJ, Liu YW, Chiou JF, Lu LS, Tseng FG. Physical Cues in the Microenvironment Regulate Stemness-Dependent Homing of Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2176. [PMID: 32764400 PMCID: PMC7464848 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific microenvironmental factors contribute to the targeting preferences of metastatic cancers. However, the physical attributes of the premetastatic microenvironment are not yet fully characterized. In this research, we develop a transwell-based alginate hydrogel (TAH) model to study how permeability, stiffness, and roughness of a hanging alginate hydrogel regulate breast cancer cell homing. In this model, a layer of physically characterized alginate hydrogel is formed at the bottom of a transwell insert, which is placed into a matching culture well with an adherent monolayer of breast cancer cells. We found that breast cancer cells dissociate from the monolayer and home to the TAH for continual growth. The process is facilitated by the presence of rich serum in the upper chamber, the increased stiffness of the gel, as well as its surface roughness. This model is able to support the homing ability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells drifting across the vertical distance in the culture medium. Cells homing to the TAH display stemness phenotype morphologically and biochemically. Taken together, these findings suggest that permeability, stiffness, and roughness are important physical factors to regulate breast cancer homing to a premetastatic microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Yao Chu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (C.-J.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Yin-Ju Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (J.-F.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jieh Hsu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (C.-J.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Yang-Wei Liu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (C.-J.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
| | - Jeng-Fong Chiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (J.-F.C.)
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sheng Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-J.C.); (J.-F.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.-Y.C.); (C.-J.H.); (Y.-W.L.)
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Anbalagan A, Gupta S, kumar A, Haw SC, Kulkarni SS, Tai NH, Tseng FG, Hwang KC, Lee CH. Gamma Ray Irradiation Enhances the Linkage of Cotton Fabrics Coated with ZnO Nanoparticles. ACS Omega 2020; 5:15129-15135. [PMID: 32637785 PMCID: PMC7331028 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we aim to study zinc oxide (ZnO)-based functional materials over cotton fabrics and their effects after gamma ray exposure of 9 kGy. We found that the binding of the nanoparticles with cotton fabrics can be enhanced after irradiation. This could be due to the oxygen deficiency or defects created in the interface between ZnO and cotton fabrics after irradiation. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to detect the oxygen inadequacies generated in the interior and at the surface of the ZnO nanoparticles after gamma ray exposure. XPS results showed that the binding energy of Zn shifts by 2 eV at 1.5 kGy and by 4 eV at 9 kGy. This huge shift of about 4 eV is completely different from other works due to the reaction that takes place on the interface between ZnO nanostructures and cotton fabrics after gamma ray irradiation. Overall, this work suggests that after gamma ray irradiation, there is an enhanced level of binding between the coated functional nanoparticles and cotton fabrics, which can be advantageous for the textile industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aswin
kumar Anbalagan
- Department
of Engineering and System Science, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shivam Gupta
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ashish kumar
- Department
of Engineering and System Science, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chih Haw
- National
Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30077, Taiwan
| | | | - Nyan-Hwa Tai
- Department
of Material Science and Engineering, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department
of Engineering and System Science, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department
of Engineering and System Science, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Institute
of Nuclear Engineering and Science, National
Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gupta P, Balasubramaniam N, Chang HY, Tseng FG, Santra TS. A Single-Neuron: Current Trends and Future Prospects. Cells 2020; 9:E1528. [PMID: 32585883 PMCID: PMC7349798 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is an intricate network with complex organizational principles facilitating a concerted communication between single-neurons, distinct neuron populations, and remote brain areas. The communication, technically referred to as connectivity, between single-neurons, is the center of many investigations aimed at elucidating pathophysiology, anatomical differences, and structural and functional features. In comparison with bulk analysis, single-neuron analysis can provide precise information about neurons or even sub-neuron level electrophysiology, anatomical differences, pathophysiology, structural and functional features, in addition to their communications with other neurons, and can promote essential information to understand the brain and its activity. This review highlights various single-neuron models and their behaviors, followed by different analysis methods. Again, to elucidate cellular dynamics in terms of electrophysiology at the single-neuron level, we emphasize in detail the role of single-neuron mapping and electrophysiological recording. We also elaborate on the recent development of single-neuron isolation, manipulation, and therapeutic progress using advanced micro/nanofluidic devices, as well as microinjection, electroporation, microelectrode array, optical transfection, optogenetic techniques. Further, the development in the field of artificial intelligence in relation to single-neurons is highlighted. The review concludes with between limitations and future prospects of single-neuron analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India; (P.G.); (N.B.)
| | - Nandhini Balasubramaniam
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India; (P.G.); (N.B.)
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India; (P.G.); (N.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Santra TS, Kar S, Chen TC, Chen CW, Borana J, Lee MC, Tseng FG. Near-infrared nanosecond-pulsed laser-activated highly efficient intracellular delivery mediated by nano-corrugated mushroom-shaped gold-coated polystyrene nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2020; 12:12057-12067. [PMID: 32469040 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01792b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, an efficient intracellular delivery of molecules with high cell viability is reported using nanosecond-pulsed laser-activated plasmonic photoporation, mediated by high-aspect-ratio nano-corrugated mushroom-shaped gold-coated polystyrene nanoparticles (nm-AuPNPs) at near-infrared wavelength. Upon pulsed laser illumination, nm-AuPNPs exhibit greater plasmonic extinction than spherical AuPNPs, which increase their energy efficiency and reduce the necessary illumination of light, effectively controlling cell damage and improving the delivery efficiency. Nm-AuPNPs exhibit surface plasmon absorption at near infrared region with a peak at 945 nm. Pulsed laser illumination at this plasmon peak triggers explosive nanobubbles, which create transient membrane pores, allowing the delivery of dyes, quantum dots and plasmids into the different cell types. The results can be tuned by laser fluence, exposure time, molecular size and concentration of nm-AuPNPs. The best results are found for CL1-0 cells, which yielded a 94% intracellular PI dye uptake and ∼100% cell viability at 35 mJ cm-2 laser fluence for 945 nm wavelength. Thus, the presented approach has proven to have an inevitable potential for biological cell research and therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India.
| | - Srabani Kar
- Electrical Engineering Division, University of Cambridge, CB3 0FA, Cambridge, UK
| | - Te-Chang Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Jayant Borana
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Chang Lee
- Institute of Photonics Technology, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan and Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. and Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan and Division of Mechanics, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nain A, Tseng YT, Wei SC, Periasamy AP, Huang CC, Tseng FG, Chang HT. Capping 1,3-propanedithiol to boost the antibacterial activity of protein-templated copper nanoclusters. J Hazard Mater 2020; 389:121821. [PMID: 31879116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We have prepared copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 1,3-propanedithiol (PDT). The PDT/BSA-Cu NCs possess great activities against different types of bacteria, including non-multidrug-resistant bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus) and multidrug-resistant bacteria (methicillin-resistant S. aureus). Their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values are at least 242-fold and 10-fold lower than that of the free PDT and BSA-Cu NCs, respectively. The PDT/BSA-Cu NCs are strongly bound to the bacterial membrane, in which they induce the generation of ascorbyl (Asc) and perhydroxyl (HOO) radicals that result in disruption of their membrane integrity. At a concentration of 100-fold higher than their MIC for Escherichia coli, the PDT/BSA-Cu NCs exhibit negligible cytotoxicity towards the tested mammalian cells and show insignificant hemolysis. We have further demonstrated that low-cost PDT/BSA-Cu NCs-coated carbon fiber fabrics (CFFs) are effective against antibacterial growth, showing their great potential for antifouling applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Nain
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chun Wei
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli District, Taoyuan City, 32023, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kataria M, Yadav K, Nain A, Lin HI, Hu HW, Paul Inbaraj CR, Chang TJ, Liao YM, Cheng HY, Lin KH, Chang HT, Tseng FG, Wang WH, Chen YF. Self-Sufficient and Highly Efficient Gold Sandwich Upconversion Nanocomposite Lasers for Stretchable and Bio-applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:19840-19854. [PMID: 32270675 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have spread their wings in the fields of flexible optoelectronics and biomedical applications. One of the ongoing challenges lies in achieving UCNP-based nanocomposites, which enable a continuous-wave (CW) laser action at ultralow thresholds. Here, gold sandwich UCNP nanocomposites [gold (Au1)-UCNP-gold (Au2)] capable of exhibiting lasing at ultralow thresholds under CW excitation are demonstrated. The metastable energy-level characteristics of lanthanides are advantageous for creating population inversion. In particular, localized surface plasmon resonance-based electromagnetic hotspots in the nanocomposites and the huge enhancement of scattering coefficient for the formation of coherent closed loops due to multiple scattering facilitate the process of stimulated emissions as confirmed by theoretical simulations. The nanocomposites are subjected to stretchable systems for enhancing the lasing action (threshold ∼ 0.06 kW cm-2) via a light-trapping effect. The applications in bioimaging of HeLa cells and antibacterial activity (photothermal therapy) are demonstrated using the newly designed Au1-UCNP-Au2 nanocomposites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kataria
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Central University, Chung-Li 320, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kanchan Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Amit Nain
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Hung-I Lin
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Han-Wen Hu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Christy Roshini Paul Inbaraj
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jia Chang
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ming Liao
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yu Cheng
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Division of Mechanics, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hua Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Fang Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Advanced Research Centre for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee CW, Wu JK, Chang CH, Cheng CW, Chang HY, Wang PC, Tseng FG. Sulfonated Polyaniline as Zwitterionic and Conductive Interfaces for Anti-Biofouling on Open Electrode Surfaces in Electrodynamic Systems. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:19102-19109. [PMID: 32129059 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electrodynamic systems for bioanalytical applications constantly suffer from biofouling due to electrical field-induced nonspecific bioadsorption on electrode surfaces. To minimize this issue, surface modification using anti-biofouling and conductive materials is necessary to not only protect the electrode surface from nonspecific bioadsorption but also maintain desired electrodynamic properties for electrode operation. In this study, we designed and prepared a conductive, zwitterionic, and self-doped sulfonated polyaniline (SPANI) coating on Au electrode surfaces for anti-biofouling applications. The zwitterionic coating was fabricated by electrochemical polymerization of aniline on the Au electrode surface functionalized with cysteamine (HS-CH2CH2-NH2) and then a post-polymerization treatment with fuming sulfuric acid. We found that the SPANI-coated electrodes exhibited an excellent anti-biofouling ability in dielectrophoresis (DEP) capturing-and-releasing processes, with a very low average residual mass rate of 1.44% for the SPANI-5s electrode, whereas electrodes modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) gave an average residual mass rate of 14.30%. Even under continuous operation for more than 1 h, the SPANI-5s electrode still showed stable anti-biofouling ability for an 11-cycle E. coli capturing-and-releasing DEP process, with the residual mass rate for all 11 cycles being kept at or below 2.18% to give an average residual mass rate of 1.62% with a standard deviation of 0.40%. This study demonstrates that electrodynamic systems with zwitterionic SPANI coated on open electrode surfaces can excellently function with decent conductance and anti-biofouling performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jen-Kuei Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Hsin Chang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Wen Cheng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pen-Cheng Wang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lombodorj B, Tseng HC, Chang HY, Lu YW, Tumurpurev N, Lee CW, Ganbat B, Wu RG, Tseng FG. High-Throughput White Blood Cell (Leukocyte) Enrichment from Whole Blood Using Hydrodynamic and Inertial Forces. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:mi11030275. [PMID: 32155862 PMCID: PMC7143169 DOI: 10.3390/mi11030275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic chip, which can separate and enrich leukocytes from whole blood, is proposed. The chip has 10 switchback curve channels, which are connected by straight channels. The straight channels are designed to permit the inertial migration effect and to concentrate the blood cells, while the curve channels allow the Dean flow to further classify the blood cells based on the cell sizes. Hydrodynamic suction is also utilized to remove smaller blood cells (e.g., red blood cell (RBC)) in the curve channels for higher separation purity. By employing the inertial migration, Dean flow force, and hydrodynamic suction in a continuous flow system, our chip successfully separates large white blood cells (WBCs) from the whole blood with the processing rates as high as 1 × 108 cells/sec at a high recovery rate at 93.2% and very few RBCs (~0.1%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batzorig Lombodorj
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia;
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.C.T.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Horas Cendana Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.C.T.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Wen Lu
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.L.); (R.-G.W.); (F.-G.T.)
| | - Namnan Tumurpurev
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia;
| | - Chun-Wei Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.C.T.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Batdemberel Ganbat
- Department of Physics, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia;
| | - Ren-Guei Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.C.T.); (C.-W.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.L.); (R.-G.W.); (F.-G.T.)
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (H.C.T.); (C.-W.L.)
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.L.); (R.-G.W.); (F.-G.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chi PY, Spuul P, Tseng FG, Genot E, Chou CF, Taloni A. Cell Migration in Microfluidic Devices: Invadosomes Formation in Confined Environments. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1146:79-103. [PMID: 31612455 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-17593-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The last 20 years have seen the blooming of microfluidics technologies applied to biological sciences. Microfluidics provides effective tools for biological analysis, allowing the experimentalists to extend their playground to single cells and single molecules, with high throughput and resolution which were inconceivable few decades ago. In particular, microfluidic devices are profoundly changing the conventional way of studying the cell motility and cell migratory dynamics. In this chapter we will furnish a comprehensive view of the advancements made in the research domain of confinement-induced cell migration, thanks to the use of microfluidic devices. The chapter is subdivided in three parts. Each section will be addressing one of the fundamental questions that the microfluidic technology is contributing to unravel: (i) where cell migration takes place, (ii) why cells migrate and, (iii) how the cells migrate. The first introductory part is devoted to a thumbnail, and partially historical, description of microfluidics and its impact in biological sciences. Stress will be put on two aspects of the devices fabrication process, which are crucial for biological applications: materials used and coating methods. The second paragraph concerns the cell migration induced by environmental cues: chemical, leading to chemotaxis, mechanical, at the basis of mechanotaxis, and electrical, which induces electrotaxis. Each of them will be addressed separately, highlighting the fundamental role of microfluidics in providing the well-controlled experimental conditions where cell migration can be induced, investigated and ultimately understood. The third part of the chapter is entirely dedicated to how the cells move in confined environments. Invadosomes (the joint name for podosomes and invadopodia) are cell protrusion that contribute actively to cell migration or invasion. The formation of invadosomes under confinement is a research topic that only recently has caught the attention of the scientific community: microfluidic design is helping shaping the future direction of this emerging field of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yin Chi
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pirjo Spuul
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Division of Gene Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Elisabeth Genot
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux (INSERM U1045), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Chia-Fu Chou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Genomics Research Center and Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Alessandro Taloni
- Institute for Complex Systems, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wu JK, Chen PC, Lin YN, Wang CW, Pan LC, Tseng FG. High-throughput flowing upstream sperm sorting in a retarding flow field for human semen analysis. Analyst 2018; 142:938-944. [PMID: 28220153 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02420c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a microfluidic device capable of generating a retarding flow field for the sorting and separation of human motile sperm in a high-throughput manner. The proposed sorting/separation process begins with a rapid flow field in a straight-flow zone to carry sperm into a sorting zone to maintain the sperm's mobility. The sorting zone consists of a diffuser-type sperm sorter to differentiate sperm with different motilities based on the flowing upstream nature of human sperm in a retarding flow field. The dead sperm will then be separated from the live ones by passing through a dumbbell flow field to the outlet for disposal. The proposed flowing upstream sperm sorter (FUSS) is designed to imitate the selection mechanism found in the female body when sperm swim into the uterus. The experimental results demonstrate the utility of this device with regard to throughput (approximately 200 000 sperm per minute and a maximum of 200 million cells per mL), efficiency (90% of selected sperm are mobile), and the ability to select sperm with high motility (∼20% of sperm with a velocity exceeding 120 μm s-1). The proposed device is suitable for intrauterine insemination as well as in vitro fertilization thanks to the highly efficient sorting process not interfering with the natural function and energy resource of human sperm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Kuei Wu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China.
| | - Peng-Chun Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Nan Lin
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China.
| | - Chia-Woei Wang
- Department of General Education, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei, Taiwan 11031, Republic of China
| | - Li-Chern Pan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Taipei Medical University and Hospital, No. 250, Wuxing Street, Taipei city, Taiwan 11031, Republic of China.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China. and Division of Mechanics, Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Shinde P, Mohan L, Kumar A, Dey K, Maddi A, Patananan AN, Tseng FG, Chang HY, Nagai M, Santra TS. Current Trends of Microfluidic Single-Cell Technologies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3143. [PMID: 30322072 PMCID: PMC6213733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of human disease mechanisms is difficult due to the heterogeneity in gene expression and the physiological state of cells in a given population. In comparison to bulk cell measurements, single-cell measurement technologies can provide a better understanding of the interactions among molecules, organelles, cells, and the microenvironment, which can aid in the development of therapeutics and diagnostic tools. In recent years, single-cell technologies have become increasingly robust and accessible, although limitations exist. In this review, we describe the recent advances in single-cell technologies and their applications in single-cell manipulation, diagnosis, and therapeutics development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Shinde
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Loganathan Mohan
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Amogh Kumar
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Koyel Dey
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Anjali Maddi
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| | - Alexander N Patananan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Hwan-You Chang
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City 30071, Taiwan.
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan.
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Tamil Nadu 600036, India.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lin WR, Chuang YJ, Lee CH, Tseng FG, Chen FR. Fabrication and Characterization of a High-Performance Multi-Annular Backscattered Electron Detector for Desktop SEM. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:s18093093. [PMID: 30223459 PMCID: PMC6163608 DOI: 10.3390/s18093093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electron microscopy has been developed for topographic analysis at the nanometer scale. Herein, we present a silicon p-n diode with multi-annular configuration to detect backscattering electrons (BSE) in a homemade desktop scanning electron microscope (SEM). The multi-annular configuration enables the enhancement of the topography contrast of 82.11 nA/μm as compared with the commercial multi-fan-shaped BSE detector of 40.08 nA/μm. Additionally, we integrated it with lateral p-n junction processing and aluminum grid structure to increase the sensitivity and efficiency of the multi-annular BSE detector that gives higher sensitivity of atomic number contrast and better surface topography contrast of BSE images for low-energy detection. The responsivity data also shows that MA-AL and MA p-n detectors have higher gain value than the MA detector does. The standard deviation of measurements is no higher than 1%. These results verify that MA p-n and MA-AL detectors are stable and can function well in SEM for low-energy applications. It is demonstrated that the multi-annular (MA) detectors are well suited for imaging in SEM systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ruei Lin
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Yun-Ju Chuang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming Chuan University, 5 De Ming Rd., Gui Shan District, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Rong Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Anand A, Chi CH, Banerjee S, Chou MY, Tseng FG, Pan CY, Chen YT. The Extracellular Zn 2+ Concentration Surrounding Excited Neurons Is High Enough to Bind Amyloid-β Revealed by a Nanowire Transistor. Small 2018; 14:e1704439. [PMID: 29770576 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Zn2+ stored in the secretory vesicles of glutamatergic neurons is coreleased with glutamate upon stimulation, resulting in the elevation of extracellular Zn2+ concentration (CZn2+ex). This elevation of CZn2+ex regulates the neurotransmission and facilitates the fibrilization of amyloid-β (Aβ). However, the exact CZn2+ex surrounding neurons under (patho)physiological conditions is not clear and the connection between CZn2+ex and the Aβ fibrilization remains obscure. Here, a silicon nanowire field-effect transistor (SiNW-FET) with the Zn2+ -sensitive fluorophore, FluoZin-3 (FZ-3), to quantify the CZn2+ex in real time is modified. This FZ-3/SiNW-FET device has a dissociation constant of ≈12 × 10-9 m against Zn2+ . By placing a coverslip seeded with cultured embryonic cortical neurons atop an FZ-3/SiNW-FET, the CZn2+ex elevated to ≈110 × 10-9 m upon stimulation with α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA). Blockers against the AMPA receptor or exocytosis greatly suppress this elevation, indicating that the Zn2+ stored in the synaptic vesicles is the major source responsible for this elevation of CZn2+ex. In addition, a SiNW-FET modified with Aβ could bind Zn2+ with a dissociation constant of ≈633 × 10-9 m and respond to the Zn2+ released from AMPA-stimulated neurons. Therefore, the CZn2+ex can reach a level high enough to bind Aβ and the Zn2+ homeostasis can be a therapeutic strategy to prevent neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Anand
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Nanoscience and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chi
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Subhasree Banerjee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Chou
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yuan Pan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lee CW, Tseng FG. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based biomicrofluidics systems for trace protein analysis. Biomicrofluidics 2018; 12:011502. [PMID: 29430272 PMCID: PMC5780278 DOI: 10.1063/1.5012909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) has been widely applied to many different areas, including chemical analysis, biomolecule detection, bioagent diagnostics, DNA sequence, and environmental monitor, due to its capabilities of unlabeled fingerprint identification, high sensitivity, and rapid detection. In biomicrofluidic systems, it is also very powerful to integrate SERS based devices with specified micro-fluid flow fields to further focusing/enhancing/multiplexing SERS signals through molecule registration, concentration/accumulation, and allocation. In this review, after a brief introduction of the mechanism of SERS detection on proteins, we will first focus on the effectiveness of different nanostructures for SERS enhancement and light-to-heat conversion in trace protein analysis. Various protein molecule accumulation schemes by either (bio-)chemical or physical ways, such as immuno, electrochemical, Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, and magnetic, will then be reviewed for further SERS signal amplification. The analytical and repeatability/stability issues of SERS detection on proteins will also be brought up for possible solutions. Then, the comparison about various ways employing microfluidic systems to register, concentrate, and enhance the signals of SERS and reduce the background noise by active or passive means to manipulate SERS nanostructures and protein molecules will be elaborated. Finally, we will carry on the discussion on the challenges and opportunities by introducing SERS into biomicrofluidic systems and their potential solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Lee
- Department of Engineering and System, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec. 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cho W, Pradhan R, Chen HY, Weng YH, Chu HY, Tseng FG, Lin CP, Jiang JK. Rapid Staining of Circulating Tumor Cells in Three-Dimensional Microwell Dialysis (3D-μDialysis) Chip. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11385. [PMID: 28900219 PMCID: PMC5595982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The conventional techniques to detect circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are lengthy and the use of centrifugal forces in this technique may cause cell mortality. As the number of CTCs in patients is quite low, the present study aims towards a gentler diagnostic procedure so as not to lose too many CTCs during the sample preparation process. Hence, a Three-Dimensional Microwell dialysis (3D-μDialysis) chip was designed in this study to perform gentle fluorescence-removal process by using dialysis-type flow processes without centrifuging. This leads to a minimum manual handling of CTCs obtained in our study without any contamination. In addition, a rapid staining process which necessitates only about half the time of conventional techniques (35 minutes instead of 90 minutes) is being illustrated by the employment of dialysis process (by dynamically removing water and waste at once) instead of only static diffusion (by statically removing only waste by diffusion). Staining efficiency of our technique is improved over conventional staining because of the flow rate in 3D-μDialysis staining. Moreover, the staining process has been validated with clinical whole blood samples from three TNM stage IV colon cancer patients. The current technique may be termed as “miniature rapid staining and dialysing system”.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Cho
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rangadhar Pradhan
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin Ying Chen
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Hsuan Weng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsueh Yao Chu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC. .,Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chien-Ping Lin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jeng-Kai Jiang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hsu SH, Hung CC, Chang MY, Ko YC, Yang HY, Hsu HH, Tian YC, Chou LF, Pan RL, Tseng FG, Yang CW. Active Components of Leptospira Outer Membrane Protein LipL32 to Toll-Like Receptor 2. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8363. [PMID: 28827637 PMCID: PMC5566480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins belonging to the toll-like receptor (TLR) family, particularly TLR2, are the major components of innate immunity against Leptospira infection. The ligands for TLR2 harbor several conserved patterns such as lipidation molecules, leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, TLR2 binding motifs, and TLR2 binding structure. In Leptospira, LipL32 interacts with TLR2 on human kidney cells concomitantly stimulating inflammatory responses. However, the binding mechanism of LipL32 to TLR2 is unknown. The computational prediction suggests that β1β2, loop-α3-loop, and α4 domains of LipL32 play vital roles in LipL32-TLR2 complex formation. To test these predictions, protein truncation experiments revealed that LipL32ΔNβ1β2 significantly decreased the affinity to TLR2 while LipL32ΔCα4 slightly reduced it. Interestingly, LipL32ΔCenα3 retained affinity to TLR2 in the absence of Ca2+ ions, indicating that Cenα3 play a role preventing the interaction between LipL32 and TLR2. Furthermore, the critical residues of LipL32 involved in interacting with TLR2 suggested that V35S, L36S and L263S variants significantly decreased the affinity to TLR2. The results further confirm that LipL32 interacts with TLR2 through Nβ1β2 and Cα4 domains of LipL32 as well as LipL32-TLR2 complex formation results from hydrophobic interactions. This study provides a detailed mechanism of the interaction between LipL32 and TLR2 and the residues involved in complex formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Hsing Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chieh Hung
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Yang Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ching Ko
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Hao Hsu
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ya-Chung Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Fang Chou
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rong-Long Pan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, College of Nuclear Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin Chu, 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Wei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, 33333, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hsieh HY, Chu CW, Chiu MH, Chu SY, Huang TW, Tseng FG. Gradient Strain Chip for Stimulating Cellular Behaviors in Cell-laden Hydrogel. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28809821 DOI: 10.3791/53715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial guidance for cellular alignment is a hot topic in the field of tissue engineering. Most of the previous research has investigated single strain-induced cellular alignment on a cell-laden hydrogel by using complex experimental processes and mass controlling systems, which are usually associated with contamination issues. Thus, in this article, we propose a simple approach to building a gradient static strain using a fluidic chip with a plastic PDMS cover and a UV transparent glass substrate for the stimulation of cellular behavior in a 3D hydrogel. Overloading photo-patternable cell prepolymer in the fluidic chamber can generate a convex curved PDMS membrane on the cover. After UV crosslinking, through a concentric circular micropattern under the curved PDMS membrane, and buffer washing, a microenvironment for investigating cell behaviors under a variety of gradient strains is self-established in a single fluidic chip, without external instruments. NIH3T3 cells were demonstrated after observing the change in the cellular alignment trend under geometry guidance, in cooperation with strain stimulation, which varied from 15 - 65% on hydrogels. After a 3-day incubation, the hydrogel geometry dominated the cell alignment under low compressive strain, where cells aligned along the hydrogel elongation direction under high compressive strain. Between these, the cells showed random alignment due to the dissipation of the radical guidance of hydrogel elongation and the geometry guidance of the patterned hydrogel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Hsieh
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Chiao-Wen Chu
- Department of Engineering and System, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Ming-Hsuan Chiu
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Shueh-Yao Chu
- Department of Engineering and System, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Tsu-Wei Huang
- Department of Engineering and System, National Tsing Hua University
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystems, National Tsing Hua University; Department of Engineering and System, National Tsing Hua University;
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin SC, Tzeng CY, Lai PL, Hsu MY, Chu HY, Tseng FG, Cheng CM. Erratum: Corrigendum: Paper-based CRP Monitoring Devices. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44721. [PMID: 28300187 PMCID: PMC5353709 DOI: 10.1038/srep44721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
49
|
Anand A, Liu CR, Chou AC, Hsu WH, Ulaganathan RK, Lin YC, Dai CA, Tseng FG, Pan CY, Chen YT. Detection of K + Efflux from Stimulated Cortical Neurons by an Aptamer-Modified Silicon Nanowire Field-Effect Transistor. ACS Sens 2017; 2:69-79. [PMID: 28722429 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The concentration gradient of K+ across the cell membrane of a neuron determines its resting potential and cell excitability. During neurotransmission, the efflux of K+ from the cell via various channels will not only decrease the intracellular K+ content but also elevate the extracellular K+ concentration. However, it is not clear to what extent this change could be. In this study, we developed a multiple-parallel-connected silicon nanowire field-effect transistor (SiNW-FET) modified with K+-specific DNA-aptamers (aptamer/SiNW-FET) for the real-time detection of the K+ efflux from cultured cortical neurons. The aptamer/SiNW-FET showed an association constant of (2.18 ± 0.44) × 106 M-1 against K+ and an either less or negligible response to other alkali metal ions. The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) stimulation induced an outward current and hyperpolarized the membrane potential in a whole-cell patched neuron under a Na+/K+-free buffer. When neurons were placed atop the aptamer/SiNW-FET in a Na+/K+-free buffer, AMPA (13 μM) stimulation elevated the extracellular K+ concentration to ∼800 nM, which is greatly reduced by 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, an AMPA receptor antagonist. The EC50 of AMPA in elevating the extracellular K+ concentration was 10.3 μM. By stimulating the neurons with AMPA under a normal physiological buffer, the K+ concentration in the isolated cytosolic fraction was decreased by 75%. These experiments demonstrate that the aptamer/SiNW-FET is sensitive for detecting cations and the K+ concentrations inside and outside the neurons could be greatly changed to modulate the neuron excitability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Anand
- Nanoscience
and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department
of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rung Liu
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Rajesh Kumar Ulaganathan
- Nanoscience
and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department
of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | | | - Yit-Tsong Chen
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Here, we discuss the development of a paper-based diagnostic device that is inexpensive, portable, easy-to-use, robust, and capable of running simultaneous tests to monitor a relevant inflammatory protein for clinical diagnoses i.e. C-reactive protein (CRP). In this study, we first attempted to make a paper-based diagnostic device via the wax printing method, a process that was used in previous studies. This device has two distinct advantages: 1) reduced manufacturing and assay costs and operation duration via using wax printing method to define hydrophobic boundaries (for fluidic devices or general POC devices); and, 2) the hydrophilicity of filter paper, which is used to purify and chromatographically correct interference caused by whole blood components with a tiny amount of blood sample (only 5 μL). Diagnosis was based on serum stain length retained inside the paper channels of our device. This is a balanced function between surface tension and chromatographic force following immune reactions (CRP assays) with a paper-embedded biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Chi Lin
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yuh Tzeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No.1650, Sec. 4, Taiwan Blvd., Xitun Dist., Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yen Hsu
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 1650, Sec. 4, Taiwan Blvd., Xitun Dist., Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yao Chu
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|