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Pinc J, Školáková A, Hybášek V, Msallamová Š, Veřtát P, Ashcheulov P, Vondráček M, Duchoň J, McCarroll I, Hývl M, Banerjee S, Drahokoupil J, Kubásek J, Vojtěch D, Čapek J. A detailed mechanism of degradation behaviour of biodegradable as-ECAPed Zn-0.8Mg-0.2Sr with emphasis on localized corrosion attack. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:447-460. [PMID: 37168023 PMCID: PMC10164781 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, advanced techniques such as atom probe tomography, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to determine the corrosion mechanism of the as-ECAPed Zn-0.8Mg-0.2Sr alloy. The influence of microstructural and surface features on the corrosion mechanism was investigated. Despite its significance, the surface composition before exposure is often neglected by the scientific community. The analyses revealed the formation of thin ZnO, MgO, and MgCO3 layers on the surface of the material before exposure. These layers participated in the formation of corrosion products, leading to the predominant occurrence of hydrozincite. In addition, the layers possessed different resistance to the environment, resulting in localized corrosion attacks. The segregation of Mg on the Zn grain boundaries with lower potential compared with the Zn-matrix was revealed by atom probe tomography and atomic force microscopy. The degradation process was initiated by the activity of micro-galvanic cells, specifically Zn - Mg2Zn11/SrZn13. This process led to the activity of the crevice corrosion mechanism and subsequent attack to a depth of 250 μm. The corrosion rate of the alloy determined by the weight loss method was 0.36 mm·a-1. Based on this detailed study, the degradation mechanism of the Zn-0.8Mg-0.2Sr alloy is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pinc
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author.
| | - Andrea Školáková
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Hybášek
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Technická 5, 166 28, Praha 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Šárka Msallamová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Technická 5, 166 28, Praha 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Veřtát
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ashcheulov
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vondráček
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Duchoň
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Ingrid McCarroll
- Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Matěj Hývl
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Swarnendu Banerjee
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Drahokoupil
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kubásek
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Technická 5, 166 28, Praha 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Dalibor Vojtěch
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, Technická 5, 166 28, Praha 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Čapek
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, Prague 8, 182 21, Czech Republic
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2
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Application and translation of nano calcium phosphates in biomedicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818627-5.00004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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3
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Ramaswamy N, Gopalan V, Kwon TY. Corrosion of Stirred Electrochemical Nano-Crystalline Hydroxyapatite (HA) Coatings on Ti6Al4V. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8609. [PMID: 36500105 PMCID: PMC9735767 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ti6Al4V substrates were electrochemically deposited with nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) from aqueous electrolytes. Cathodic HA coatings were obtained when the electrolyte was stirred using ultrasonic vibration. Two current densities of 20 mA/cm2 and 50 mA/cm2 were employed. Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were the techniques used to estimate the corrosion of coatings in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results indicate good corrosion resistance for the coating obtained at 50 mA/cm2 from ultrasonic stirring of the electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Venkatachalam Gopalan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, VIT Chennai, Chennai 600 127, India
- Centre for Innovation and Product Development, VIT Chennai, Chennai 600 127, India
| | - Tae Yub Kwon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Koumya Y, Ait Salam Y, Khadiri ME, Benzakour J, Romane A, Abouelfida A, Benyaich A. Pitting corrosion behavior of SS-316L in simulated body fluid and electrochemically assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite coating. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01517-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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5
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Mi X, Gupte MJ, Zhang Z, Swanson WB, McCauley LK, Ma PX. Three-Dimensional Electrodeposition of Calcium Phosphates on Porous Nanofibrous Scaffolds and Their Controlled Release of Calcium for Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32503-32513. [PMID: 32659074 PMCID: PMC7384879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To mimic the bone matrix of mineralized collagen and to impart microporous structure to facilitate cell migration and bone regeneration, we developed a nanofibrous (NF) polymer scaffold with highly interconnected pores and three-dimensional calcium phosphate coating utilizing an electrodeposition technique. The mineral content, morphology, crystal structure, and chemical composition could be tailored by adjusting the deposition temperature, voltage, and duration. A higher voltage and a higher temperature led to a greater rate of mineralization. Furthermore, nearly linear calcium releasing kinetics was achieved from the mineralized 3D scaffolds. The releasing rate was controlled by varying the initial electrodeposition conditions. A higher deposition voltage and temperature led to slower calcium release, which was associated with the highly crystalline and stoichiometric hydroxyapatite content. This premineralized NF scaffold enhanced bone regeneration over the control scaffold in a subcutaneous implantation model, which was associated with released calcium ions in facilitating osteogenic cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Mi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Melanie J. Gupte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhanpeng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - W. Benton Swanson
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Laurie K. McCauley
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Peter X. Ma
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author: Peter X. Ma, PhD, Professor, Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, 1011 North University Ave., Room 2211, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA. Tel.: +1 734 764 2209; fax: +1 734 647 2110,
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6
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Shi M, Chen L, Wang Y, Yan S. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound enhances antibiotic release of gentamicin-loaded, self-setting calcium phosphate cement. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:2803-2809. [PMID: 29921149 PMCID: PMC6124285 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518773023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on antibiotic release from gentamicin-loaded, self-setting calcium phosphate cement. Methods A gentamicin-loaded calcium phosphate cement cylinder was eluted in stimulated body fluid. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (46.5 kHz, 200 mW/cm2) was used to produce a sinusoidal wave in the experimental group. Non-gentamicin calcium phosphate cement was used in the control group. Results The transient concentration and cumulatively released percentage of gentamicin in the ultrasound group were higher than those in control group at every time point. The duration of gentamicin concentrations over the level of the minimum inhibitory concentration was significantly prolonged in the ultrasound group compared with the control group. Antibacterial efficacy of gentamicin in the ultrasound group was significantly better than that in the control group with the same concentration of gentamicin. Conclusion Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound enhances antibiotic release, providing sustained antibiotic release at high concentrations. This increases the antibacterial effect of gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Shi
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- 2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated with the School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangxin Wang
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shigui Yan
- 1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Meininger M, Meininger S, Groll J, Gbureck U, Moseke C. Silver and copper addition enhances the antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide coatings on titanium. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:61. [PMID: 29736777 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6065-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically assisted deposition of Ca(OH)2 (Portlandite) coatings on titanium surfaces has been proven as a promising method to provide the substrate with a most desirable combination of significant bacterial growth reduction on one hand and good biocompatibility on the other. Due to the rapid in vivo transformation of Ca(OH)2 to hydroxyapatite, the antimicrobial activity will be an ephemeral property of the coating when implanted into the human body. In this study, the ability to reduce bacterial growth of such portlandite coatings was significantly enhanced by an ionic modification with copper and silver ions. Antibacterial tests revealed a noticeably elevated reduction of bacterial growth, especially for copper and even at a relatively low copper content of about 0.3 wt.%. In addition, the cytocompatibility, a crucial prerequisite for potential in vivo biocompatibility, of the copper-modified coating was comparable to pure calcium hydroxide coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Meininger
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - S Meininger
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - J Groll
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - U Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - C Moseke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstraße 14, D-35390, Gießen, Germany
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8
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Rezaei M, Tamjid E, Dinari A. Enhanced cell attachment and hemocompatibility of titanium by nanoscale surface modification through severe plastic integration of magnesium-rich islands and porosification. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12965. [PMID: 29021589 PMCID: PMC5636805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the wide applications of titanium and its alloys for orthopedic and biomedical implants, the biocompatible nature of titanium has emerged various surface modification techniques to enhance its bioactivity and osteointegration with living tissues. In this work, we present a new procedure for nanoscale surface modification of titanium implants by integration of magnesium-rich islands combined with controlled formation of pores and refinement of the surface grain structure. Through severe plastic deformation of the titanium surface with fine magnesium hydride powder, Mg-rich islands with varying sizes ranging from 100 nm to 1000 nm can be integrated inside a thin surface layer (100-500 µm) of the implant. Selective etching of the surface forms a fine structure of surface pores which their average size varies in the range of 200-500 nm depending on the processing condition. In vitro biocompatibility and hemocompatibility assays show that the Mg-rich islands and the induced surface pores significantly enhance cell attachment and biocompatibility without an adverse effect on the cell viability. Therefore, severe plastic integration of Mg-rich islands on titanium surface accompanying with porosification is a new and promising procedure with high potential for nanoscale modification of biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Rezaei
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of High Technologies, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box, 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Tamjid
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box, 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Dinari
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box, 14115-175, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Saleh MM, Touny AH, Al-Omair MA, Saleh MM. Biodegradable/biocompatible coated metal implants for orthopedic applications. Biomed Mater Eng 2017; 27:87-99. [PMID: 27175470 DOI: 10.3233/bme-161568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biocompatible metals have been suggested as revolutionary biomaterials for bone-grafting therapies. Although metals and their alloys are widely and successfully used in producing biomedical implants due to their good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, they have a lack in bioactivity. Therefore coating of the metal surface with calcium phosphates (CaP) is a benign way to achieve well bioactivity and get controlled corrosion properties. The biocompatibility and bioactivity calcium phosphates (CaP) in bone growth were guided them to biomedical treatment of bone defects and fractures. Many techniques have been used for fabrication of CaP coatings on metal substrates such as magnesium and titanium. The present review will focus on the synthesis of CaP and their relative forms using different techniques especially electrochemical techniques. The latter has always been known of its unique way of optimizing the process parameters that led to a control in the structure and characteristics of the produced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Saleh
- Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A H Touny
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Omair
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
| | - M M Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
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A review of hydroxyapatite-based coating techniques: Sol-gel and electrochemical depositions on biocompatible metals. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 57:95-108. [PMID: 26707027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
New promising techniques for depositing biocompatible hydroxyapatite-based coatings on biocompatible metal substrates for biomedical applications have continuously been exploited for more than two decades. Currently, various experimental deposition processes have been employed. In this review, the two most frequently used deposition processes will be discussed: a sol-gel dip coating and an electrochemical deposition. This study deliberates the surface morphologies and chemical composition, mechanical performance and biological responses of sol-gel dip coating as well as the electrochemical deposition for two different sample conditions, with and without coating. The review shows that sol-gel dip coatings and electrochemical deposition were able to obtain the uniform and homogeneous coating thickness and high adherent biocompatible coatings even in complex shapes. It has been accepted that both coating techniques improve bone strength and initial osseointegration rate. The main advantages and limitations of those techniques of hydroxyapatite-based coatings are presented. Furthermore, the most significant challenges and critical issues are also highlighted.
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Utku FS, Yuca E, Seckin E, Goller G, Yazgan Karatas A, Urgen M, Tamerler C. Protein-mediated hydroxyapatite composite layer formation on nanotubular titania. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1680/bbn.15.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Realising controllable interactions at the bio-nanomaterial interfaces are vital in developing next-generation engineered implant materials. Titanium-based implants are key materials in biomedical engineering due to excellent bulk mechanical properties and biocompatibilities. Advanced bio-interfaces resolving nanostructured modulated surfaces that allow manipulation with the biological molecules is one of the keys to enhance favourable interactions with the surrounding biological species. Here, we developed a protein-mediated hydroxyapatite composite layer on nanotubular titania surface. Green fluorescence protein, engineered to contain hydroxyapatite binding peptides (GFPuv-HABP), was co-deposited with the hydroxyapatite precursors onto the titania nanotubes that are formed by anodisation. Ordered titanium dioxide nanotubular surfaces were coated with hydroxyapatite at physiological pH and temperature using simulated body fluid and pulsed electrochemical cathodisation. The hydroxyapatite deposit interdigitated into the nanotubes, producing a metal oxide-mineral composite. The engineered GFPuv-HABP protein was then self-assembled on the hydroxyapatite, forming a bio-modulated interface. Additionally, the engineered proteins were co-deposited with the precursor ions of hydroxyapatite mineral on the nanotubular titania plate. Bio-mediated assembly resulted in formation of a hybrid composite as an integrated interface on the nanotubular surface. Biomolecular assisted fabrication of hybrid composite interface on metal oxide substrate offers wide range of opportunities to design novel interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feride Sermin Utku
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Yuca
- Posdoctoral Associate, Bioengineering Research Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eren Seckin
- Research Assistant, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gultekin Goller
- Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayten Yazgan Karatas
- Professor, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Urgen
- Professor, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Candan Tamerler
- Professor, Bioengineering Research Center and Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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Kang MK, Moon SK, Kwon JS, Kim KM, Kim KN. Characterization of hydroxyapatite containing a titania layer formed by anodization coupled with blasting. Acta Odontol Scand 2014; 72:989-98. [PMID: 25005626 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.933484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The modification of dental implant surface by increasing the surface roughness or/and altering chemical composition have been attempted. Among them, hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings are typically bioactive. On the other hand, titania coatings have good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Therefore, the objective of this study was to fabricate HA containing a titania layer using an HA blasting and anodization method to benefit from the advantages of both, followed by surface characterization and biocompatibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS HA blasting was performed followed by microarc oxidation (MAO) using various applied voltages (100, 150, 200, 250 V). For surface characterization, the microstructure of the surface, surface phase and surface roughness were observed. Bonding strength was measured using a universal testing machine and potentiodynamic corrosion testing was performed. Biocompatibility was evaluated based on bioactivity and cell proliferation test. RESULTS The porous titanium oxide-containing HA was formed at 150 and 200 V. These surfaces were a lower corrosion current compared to the titanium treated only with HA blasting. In addition, composite treated titanium showed a rougher surface and tighter bonding strength compared to the titanium treated only with MAO. Biocompatibility demonstrated that HA/Titania composite layer on titanium showed a rapid HA precipitation and also enhanced cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that HA containing titania layer on titanium had not only excellent physicochemical, mechanical and electrochemical properties, but also improved bioactivity and biological properties that could be applied as material for a dental implant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyung Kang
- Research Center for Orofacial Hard Tissue Regeneration and Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering
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Zhou R, Wei D, Yang H, Feng W, Cheng S, Li B, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y. MC3T3-E1 cell response of amorphous phase/TiO2 nanocrystal composite coating prepared by microarc oxidation on titanium. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 39:186-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zadpoor AA. Relationship between in vitro apatite-forming ability measured using simulated body fluid and in vivo bioactivity of biomaterials. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 35:134-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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15
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Wei D, Zhou R, Cheng S, Feng W, Yang H, Du Q, Li B, Wang Y, Jia D, Zhou Y. MC3T3-E1 cells' response and osseointegration of bioactive sphene–titanium oxide composite coatings fabricated by a hybrid technique of microarc oxidation and heat treatment on titanium. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2993-3008. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00036f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Scratch resistance and electrochemical corrosion behavior of hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti6Al4V in simulated physiological media. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-012-0504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhao SF, Jiang QH, Peel S, Wang XX, He FM. Effects of magnesium-substituted nanohydroxyapatite coating on implant osseointegration. Clin Oral Implants Res 2011; 24 Suppl A100:34-41. [PMID: 22145854 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02362.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-fang Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital; School of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; China
| | - Qiao-hong Jiang
- Department of Oral Implantology; The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital; School of Medicine; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; China
| | - Sean Peel
- Discipline of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery; Faculty of Dentistry; University of Toronto; Toronto; ON; Canada
| | - Xiao-xiang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou; China
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WANG Y, LU X, LI D, FENG B, QU S, WENG J. HYDROXYAPATITE/CHITOSAN COMPOSITE COATINGS ON TITANIUM SURFACES BY PULSED ELECTROCHEMICAL DEPOSITION. ACTA POLYM SIN 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2011.10309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Perfusion electrodeposition of calcium phosphate on additive manufactured titanium scaffolds for bone engineering. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:2310-9. [PMID: 21215337 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 12/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A perfusion electrodeposition (P-ELD) system was reported to functionalize additive manufactured Ti6Al4V scaffolds with a calcium phosphate (CaP) coating in a controlled and reproducible manner. The effects and interactions of four main process parameters - current density (I), deposition time (t), flow rate (f) and process temperature (T) - on the properties of the CaP coating were investigated. The results showed a direct relation between the parameters and the deposited CaP mass, with a significant effect for t (P=0.001) and t-f interaction (P=0.019). Computational fluid dynamic analysis showed a relatively low electrolyte velocity within the struts and a high velocity in the open areas within the P-ELD chamber, which were not influenced by a change in f. This is beneficial for promoting a controlled CaP deposition and hydrogen gas removal. Optimization studies showed that a minimum t of 6 h was needed to obtain complete coating of the scaffold regardless of I, and the thickness was increased by increasing I and t. Energy-dispersive X-ray and X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the deposition of highly crystalline synthetic carbonated hydroxyapatite under all conditions (Ca/P ratio=1.41). High cell viability and cell-material interactions were demonstrated by in vitro culture of human periosteum derived cells on coated scaffolds. This study showed that P-ELD provides a technological tool to functionalize complex scaffold structures with a biocompatible CaP layer that has controlled and reproducible physicochemical properties suitable for bone engineering.
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Li DH, Lin J, Lin DY, Wang XX. Synthesized silicon-substituted hydroxyapatite coating on titanium substrate by electrochemical deposition. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2011; 22:1205-1211. [PMID: 21465241 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Silicon-substituted hydroxyapaptite (Si-HA) coatings were prepared on titanium substrates by electrolytic deposition technique in electrolytes containing Ca(2+), PO(4)(3-) and SiO(3)(2-) ions with various SiO(3)(2-)/(PO(4)(3-) + SiO(3)(2-)) molar ratios (η(si)). The deposition was all conducted at a constant voltage of 3.0 V, with titanium substrate as cathode and platinum as anode, for 1 h at 85°C. The coatings thus prepared were characterized with inductively coupled plasma (ICP), X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission-type scanning electron microscope (FSEM). The results show that the silicon amount in the coatings increases linearly to about 0.48 wt% at first with increasing η(si) between 0 and 0.03, then increases slowly to about 0.55 wt% between 0.03 and 0.10 and finally maintains almost at a level around 0.55 wt% between 0.10 and 0.30. The tree-like Si-HA crystals are observed in the coatings prepared in the electrolyte of η(si) = 0.20. And the presence of silicon in electrolytes decreases the thickness of the coatings, with effect being more significant as η(si) increased. Additionally, the substitution of Si causes some OH(-) loss and changes the lattice parameters of hydroxyapatite (HA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Hu Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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Shin S, Kim BS, Kim KM, Kong BH, Cho HK, Cho HH. Tuning the morphology of copper nanowires by controlling the growth processes in electrodeposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm14403k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wang J, Sun C, Wang Y, Wang Y. Early bone apposition and 1-year performance of the electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings: an experimental study in rabbit femora. Clin Oral Implants Res 2010; 21:951-60. [PMID: 20465552 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01935.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the early bone apposition and 1-year performance of the electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings with or without chitosan. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-two cylindrical implants with a length of 8 mm and a diameter of 3.3 mm were divided into three groups: electrodeposited calcium phosphate coated without chitosan, with chitosan, and an uncoated control. The implants adopted the special gap design and were inserted into the rabbit femora. After 2, 4, 26, and 52 weeks, the implants were retrieved and analyzed for bone formation, bone-to-implant contact, and coating degradation. RESULTS It was found that the coatings without chitosan had the highest bone contact at early time (P<0.05). The coatings with chitosan had the least bone formation within gaps after 2, 4, and 26 weeks of implantation (P<0.05). However, no difference was found among the three groups after 52 weeks. Both coatings showed degradation as early as 2 weeks post-implantation. And after 52 weeks, most of the coatings had been degraded. There were no inflammatory reactions and hardly any osteoclasts around the implants and the coatings. The confocal laser scanning microscopy observation further demonstrated the different bone deposition characteristics. With scanning electron microscopy, no coatings could be found on both the implant surface and the bone interface. CONCLUSIONS Bone apposition to both electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings was different at early time but almost the same after 52 weeks. And both coatings showed early as well as a continued degradation in the rabbit femora. To cite this article: Wang J, Sun C, Wang Y, Wang Y. Early bone apposition and 1-year performance of the electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings: an experimental study in rabbit femora. Clin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Lei C, Liao Y, Feng Z. Kinetic model for hydroxyapatite precipitation on human enamel surface by electrolytic deposition. Biomed Mater 2009; 4:035010. [PMID: 19498223 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/4/3/035010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The electrolytic deposition (ELD) of hydroxyapatite (HAP) coating on human enamel surface for different loading times at varied temperatures (ranging from 37 degrees C to 85 degrees C) and varied current densities (ranging from 0.05 mA cm(-2) to 10 mA cm(-2)) was investigated in this study. Thin film x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared and micro-Raman spectra analysis, as well as an environmental scanning electron microscope, were used to characterize the coating. The results showed that only the HAP phase occurred on the enamel surface after ELD experiments. The contents of HAP deposits on the enamel surface linearly changed proportional to the square root of the loading time, which was in good agreement with the kinetic model of ELD of HAP coating based on one-dimensional diffusion. The induction periods were observed on all the regression lines, and the rate of the HAP coating formation on enamel showed a linear relationship with the current density. It was implied that the diffusion process was the rate-determining step in the ELD of the HAP coating on human enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Lei
- College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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Blackwood D, Seah K. Electrochemical cathodic deposition of hydroxyapatite: Improvements in adhesion and crystallinity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2008.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rettig R, Virtanen S. Composition of corrosion layers on a magnesium rare-earth alloy in simulated body fluids. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 88:359-69. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hsu HC, Wu SC, Yang CH, Ho WF. ZrO(2)/hydroxyapatite coating on titanium by electrolytic deposition. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2009; 20:615-619. [PMID: 18853237 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-008-3603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated on a titanium (Ti) substrate over a ZrO(2) layer by the electrolytic deposition method, this double layer coating was then compared with a single layer coating of HA. The HA layer was used to increase the bioactivity and osteoconductivity of the Ti substrate, and the ZrO(2) layer was intended to improve the bonding strength between the HA layer and Ti substrate, and to prevent the corrosion of the Ti substrate. The electrolytic deposition formed an HA layer with a thicknesses of approximately 20 mum, which adhered tightly to the Ti substrate. The bonding strength of the HA/ZrO(2) double layer coating on Ti was markedly improved when compared to that of the HA single coating on Ti. The improvement in bonding strength with the use of a ZrO(2) base layer was attributed to the resulting increase in chemical affinity of the ZrO(2) to the HA layer and to the Ti substrate. The osteoblast-like cells cultured on the HA/ZrO(2) coating surface, proliferated in a similar manner to those on the HA single coating and on the pure Ti surfaces. At the same time, the corrosion resistance of Ti was improved by the presence of the ZrO(2) coating, as shown by a potentiodynamic polarization test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Chuan Hsu
- Department of Dental Laboratory Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Lopez-Heredia MA, Sohier J, Gaillard C, Quillard S, Dorget M, Layrolle P. Rapid prototyped porous titanium coated with calcium phosphate as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2008; 29:2608-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kawashita M, Itoh S, Miyamoto K, Takaoka GH. Apatite formation on titanium substrates by electrochemical deposition in metastable calcium phosphate solution. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2008; 19:137-42. [PMID: 17587149 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
An apatite layer was successfully formed on titanium substrates by electrochemical deposition in a metastable calcium phosphate solution, which had 1.5 times the ion concentrations of a normal simulated body fluid, but did not contain MgCl(2).6H(2)O, at 41 degrees C for 40 or 60 min at 13 mA. The current did not produce large effects on the crystalline size of the apatite, but the thickness of the apatite layer could be controlled by deposition conditions such as electrolyte temperature, current and deposition time. It is expected that the present electrochemical deposition will be useful to rapidly coat apatite on metallic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masakazu Kawashita
- Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nisikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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Narayanan R, Seshadri SK, Kwon TY, Kim KH. Calcium phosphate-based coatings on titanium and its alloys. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 85:279-99. [PMID: 17853421 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Use of titanium as biomaterial is possible because of its very favorable biocompatibility with living tissue. Titanium implants having calcium phosphate coatings on their surface show good fixation to the bone. This review covers briefly the requirements of typical biomaterials and narrowly focuses on the works on titanium. Calcium phosphate ceramics for use in implants are introduced and various methods of producing calcium phosphate coating on titanium substrates are elaborated. Advantages and disadvantages of each type of coating from the view point of process simplicity, cost-effectiveness, stability of the coatings, coating integration with the bone, cell behavior, and so forth are highlighted. Taking into account all these factors, the efficient method(s) of producing these coatings are indicated finally.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Narayanan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India.
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Narayanan R, Kwon TY, Kim KH. Preparation and characteristics of nano-grained calcium phosphate coatings on titanium from ultrasonated bath at acidic pH. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 85:231-9. [PMID: 17854064 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemically deposited nano-grained calcium phosphate coatings were produced on titanium substrates using aqueous electrolyte at acidic pH. Different coatings were produced by using cathodic current densities ranging from 10 to 50 mA/cm(2) from an ultrasonated electrolytic bath. These coatings contained dicalcium phosphate dihydrate as the predominant phase and hydroxyapatite as the minor phase. With increasing current density, hydroxyapatite content in the coatings increased. Dicalcium phosphate grains had size in the range of 55-85 nm and hydroxyapatite had grains in the size range of 20-25 nm. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the morphology of the coatings obtained at lower current densities had acicular structure. With increasing current densities, the needles became blunt and small and finally, at 50 mA/cm(2) the coating had globular deposits. Surface roughness of the coatings also increased with increasing deposition current density. Tensile bond strengths of the coatings were in the range of 3.6-6.9 MPa and decreased with increase of deposition current density. Heat-treatment of the coatings for 2 h at 500 degrees C completely eliminated the dicalcium phosphate phase and resulted in mono hydroxyapatite phase containing grains in the size range of 20-30 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Narayanan
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, College of Dentistry, Institute for Biomaterials Research and Development, KNU School of Dentistry BK21, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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Park IS, Lee MH, Bae TS, Seol KW. Effects of anodic oxidation parameters on a modified titanium surface. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 84:422-9. [PMID: 17595033 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Anodic oxidation is an electrochemical treatment that can be used to control the thickness of an oxide layer formed on a titanium surface. This procedure has the advantage of allowing the ions contained in an electrolyte to deposit onto the oxide layer. The characteristics of a layer treated with anodic oxidation can vary according to the type and concentration of the electrolytes as well as the processing variables used during anodic oxidation. In this study, the constant electrolyte for anodic oxidation was a mixed solution containing 0.02 M DL-alpha-glycerophosphate disodium salt and 0.2M calcium acetate. Anodic oxidation was carried out at different voltages, current densities, and duration of anodic oxidation. The results showed that the current density and variation in the duration of anodic oxidation did not have a large effect on the change in the characteristics of the layer. On the other hand, the size of the micropores was increased with increasing voltage of anodic oxidation, and anatase and rutile phases were found to co-exist in the porous titanium dioxide layer. In addition, the thickness of the oxide layer on titanium and the characteristic of corrosion resistance increased with increasing voltage. The MTT test showed that the cell viability was increased considerably as a result of anodic oxidation. The anodizing voltage is an important parameter that determines the characteristics of the anodic oxide layer of titanium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Song Park
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonbuk 561-756, South Korea
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Comparison of physical characteristics and cell culture test of hydroxyapatite/collagen composite coating on NiTi SMA: electrochemical deposition and chemically biomimetic growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11706-007-0041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Chen F, Lam WM, Lin CJ, Qiu GX, Wu ZH, Luk KDK, Lu WW. Biocompatibility of electrophoretical deposition of nanostructured hydroxyapatite coating on roughen titanium surface:In vitroevaluation using mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 82:183-91. [PMID: 17106895 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A nano hydroxyapatite (HAp) layer was coated on a roughen titanium surface by means of electrophoretic deposition with an acetic anhydride solvent system. The objectives of this current study are to investigate whether nano-HAp can improve mechanical strength at a lower sintering temperature and biocompatibility. Densification temperature was lowered from usual 1000 to 800 degrees C. The coating interfacial bonding strength, phase purity, microstructure, and biocompatibility were investigated. Degradation of HA phase was not detected in XRD. A porous TiO2 layer acts as a gradient coating layer with an intermediate thermal expansion coefficient between hydroxyapatite and titanium that reduces the thermal stress. From SEM image, the coating does not contain any crack. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is the progenitor cell for various tissues in mature animals, which can improve integration of bone tissue into implant. In this in vitro study, rabbit MSCs culture indicated that the HAp/Ti nanocomposite biomaterial had good biocompatibility and bioactivity. Around materials and on its surface cell grew well with good morphology. Proliferation of the MSCs on the nano-HAp coating was higher than its micron counterpart in XTT assay. These properties show potential for the orthopaedic and dental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Scharnweber D, Flössel M, Born R, Worch H. Adjusting the chlorhexidine content of calcium phosphate coatings by electrochemically assisted co-deposition from aqueous solutions. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2007; 18:391-7. [PMID: 17323173 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, a number of strategies to create either biologically active or antimicrobial surfaces of biomaterials are being developed and commercially applied. However, for metallic implants in contact with bone, both osteomyelitis and a fast and stable long-term fixation of implants are challenges to be overcome, especially in the case of bad bone quality. Therefore, the present work aims to develop compound coatings of calcium phosphate phases (CPP) and chlorhexidine (CHD) that combine bioactive properties with a strategy to prevent initial bacterial adhesion and thus offer a possible solution to the two major problems of implant surgery mentioned above. Using electrochemically assisted deposition of CPP on samples of Ti6Al4V together with the pH-dependent solubility of CHD, the preparation of coatings with a wide range of CHD concentrations (150 ng/cm(2) to 65 microg/cm(2)) from electrolytes with CHD concentrations between 50 and 200 microM was possible, thus allowing the adaptation of implant surface properties to different surgical and patient situations. Detailed SEM and FTIR analysis showed that coatings are formed by a co-deposition process of both phases and that CHD interacts with the deposition and transformation of CPP in the coating. For high CHD contents, coatings consist of CHD crystals coated by nano-crystalline hydroxyapatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Scharnweber
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität, Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
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Lopez-Heredia MA, Weiss P, Layrolle P. An electrodeposition method of calcium phosphate coatings on titanium alloy. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2007; 18:381-90. [PMID: 17323172 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates coatings were deposited onto titanium alloy discs via en electrodeposition method. Titanium alloy discs were blasted with calcium phosphate particles, then etched in a mixture of nitric and fluoric acids and rinsed in demineralized water. The titanium alloy disc (cathode) and platinum mesh (anode) were immersed in a supersaturated calcium phosphate electrolyte buffered at pH 7.4 and connected to a current generator. The microstructure, chemical composition and crystallinity of the electrodeposited coatings were studied as function of time 10-120 min, temperature 25-80 degrees C, current density 8-120 mA/cm(2), magnesium and hydrogen carbonate amounts (0.1-1 mM). Uniform calcium phosphate coatings were obtained in 30 min but coating thickness increased with deposition time. Raising the temperature of electrolyte resulted in more uniform coatings as ionic mobility increased. Low current density was preferable due to hydrogen gas evolving at the cathode, which disturbed the deposition of calcium phosphate crystals on titanium. The amounts of magnesium and hydrogen carbonate ions affected both the homogeneity and morphology of the coatings. This study showed that the electrodeposition method is efficient for coating titanium with osteoconductive calcium phosphate layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antonio Lopez-Heredia
- Inserm U791, Laboratory for Osteoarticular and Dental Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Nantes, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France.
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Alkhateeb E, Virtanen S. Influence of surface self-modification in Ringer's solution on the passive behavior of titanium. J Biomed Mater Res A 2005; 75:934-40. [PMID: 16123977 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.30508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the spontaneous surface modification of titanium by exposure to Ringer's solution at open-circuit conditions on the passive behavior was studied. The electrochemical behavior of Ti was compared in a simple NaCl and in Ringer's physiological solution. Potentiodynamic polarization curves show significantly higher passive current densities in Ringer's solution as compared with the simple saline solution. Furthermore, impedance spectra measured at the open-circuit potential as a function of time indicate that in saline solution a long-term exposure over some days leads to a strong increase of the protectiveness of the passive film. This improvement of the passive behavior cannot be observed in Ringer's solution, but a strong modification of the passive film/electrolyte interface can be seen in the impedance spectra. The changes in the impedance spectra can be correlated with the results observed by surface characterization regarding the morphology (scanning electron microscopy) and chemical composition of the surface (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). In agreement with previous work by others, a spontaneous modification of the surface of Ti by Ca and P species was observed. The composition of the Ca/P precipitates changes as a function of time, indicating a slow formation of a hydroxyapatite-like deposit layer on the surface. The results of the present work indicate that the formation of the outer Ca-P deposit layer on the passive Ti surface (which is beneficial for the biological performance) hinders the normal aging of the passive TiO(2). Even though the protectiveness of the passive film can be considered as high also in Ringer's solution, significantly higher passive dissolution rates (i.e., higher metal-ion release) for Ti exposed to Ringer's solution can be expected as compared with a simple saline solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Alkhateeb
- Department of Materials Science, Surface Science and Corrosion (LKO), University of Erlangen--Nuremberg, Martensstrasse 7, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Wang J, Layrolle P, Stigter M, de Groot K. Biomimetic and electrolytic calcium phosphate coatings on titanium alloy: physicochemical characteristics and cell attachment. Biomaterials 2004; 25:583-92. [PMID: 14607496 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetically deposited octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and carbonate apatite (BCA) as well as electrolytically deposited carbonate apatite (ECA) were considered as promising alternatives to conventional plasma spraying hydroxyapatite. This study compared their physicochemical characteristics and cell attachment behavior. The physicochemical characteristics included scanning electron microscopy observation, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, surface roughness, coating thickness, dissolution test and scratch test. Cell attachment tests included morphology observation with stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy as well as cell number count with DNA content assay. The OCP coating had 100% crystallinity and was about 40 microm thick, composed of large plate-like crystals of 30 microm, with the lowest surface roughness (R(a)=2.33 microm). The BCA coating had 60% crystallinity and was approximately 30 microm in thickness, composed of small crystals of 1-2 microm in size, with the highest surface roughness (R(a)=4.83 microm). The ECA coating had intermediate characteristics, with 78% crystallinity, 45 microm thickness, crystals of 5-6 microm and an average roughness of 3.87 microm. All coatings could be seen by eyes dissolving quickly and completely into acidic simulated body fluid (simulated physiological solutions-SPS, pH 3.0) but slowly and incompletely into neutral SPS (pH 7.3). It was suggested that the main factor determining coating dissolution in acidic SPS was the solubility isotherm, while some other factors including crystallinity and crystal size joined to determine coating dissolution in neutral SPS. In regard to adhesive strength, results of scratch test showed the critical load at the first crack of coating (L(c1)) was tightly related to crystal size as well as their arrangement, while the critical load at the total delamination of coating (L(c2)) was also related to the coating thickness. The ECA coating had the highest values. Owing to higher dissolution rate and globular appearance, BCA coating demonstrated the best goat bone marrow stromal cells attachment at 1 day or 3 days, followed by OCP and ECA coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Isotis, S.A., Prof. Bronkhorstlaan 10-D, 3723 MB Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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Ban S, Hasegawa J. Morphological regulation and crystal growth of hydrothermal-electrochemically deposited apatite. Biomaterials 2002; 23:2965-72. [PMID: 12069338 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Apatite was deposited on commercially pure titanium plates using a hydrothermal-electrochemical method in an electrolyte containing calcium and phosphate ions. Needle-like apatites were synthesized in 43 kinds of condition with different electrolyte temperatures (90-200 degrees C), current densities (5.0-25.0 mA/cm2), and current loading times (10-120 min). The length of one side of the hexagonal apatite and longitudinal length of them were determined through field-emission-type scanning electron microscopic photographs. The size of needle-like apatites remarkably increased with the electrolyte temperature and current loading time, and slightly changed with current density. Multivariate analysis revealed that both size and shape of apatite needle on titanium substrate can be regulated accurately by systematic control of the electrolyte temperature, current density, and current loading time. These results revealed that hydrothermal-electrochemical deposition of apatite consists of two processes: nucleation and crystal growth, which strongly depend on the electrolyte temperature and current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Ban
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Kagoshima University Dental School, Japan.
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The process of electrochemical deposited hydroxyapatite coatings on biomedical titanium at room temperature. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4931(02)00026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Mano T, Ueyama Y, Ishikawa K, Matsumura T, Suzuki K. Initial tissue response to a titanium implant coated with apatite at room temperature using a blast coating method. Biomaterials 2002; 23:1931-6. [PMID: 11996033 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(01)00319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a blast coating method (BC method) as a new coating method of titanium (Ti) with apatite (AP) at room temperature. The BC method gives much stronger AP coating on the Ti surface compared with those obtained by other room temperature coating methods. However, no in vivo study has been made, so far, to evaluate the stability or the tissue response to the implant. As an initial step to evaluate the feasibility of the BC method, we evaluated the tissue response and stability of AP coated Ti implant prepared with the BC method (AP-BC implant) using rats as experimental animals. The AP coating adhered tightly to the Ti surface even after the implant procedure and throughout the experimental period up to six weeks post operation. AP-BC implant caused no inflammatory response, showed strong bone response and much better osteoconductivity compared with the pure Ti implant. The new bone formed on the surface of AP-BC implants was thinner compared with that formed on the surface of Ti implant. Therefore, the AP-BC implant has a good potential as an osteoconductive implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Mano
- Departmnent of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, Okayama University Dental School, Japan.
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42
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Mechanical, Thermal, Chemical and Electrochemical Surface Treatment of Titanium. ENGINEERING MATERIALS 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-56486-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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43
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Ishikawa K, Miyamoto Y, Nagayama M, Asaoka K. Blast coating method: new method of coating titanium surface with hydroxyapatite at room temperature. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2000; 38:129-34. [PMID: 9178740 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199722)38:2<129::aid-jbm7>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
When a titanium plate was blasted with hydroxyapatite [HAP; Ca10[x](HPO4)[x](PO4)[6-x](OH)[2-x]] powder at room temperature using an ordinary sandblaster, the surface of the titanium plate was found to be coated with HAP homogeneously and completely. The coated layer was examined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction and was found to be the same as the HAP powder used with respect to composition and crystallographic structure. The coated HAP layer was tightly attached to the surface of the titanium plate, at least at the level of scanning electron microscopy. Interestingly, the HAP particles stuck together at room temperature as if they were sintered. The coating was stable against ultrasonication in water for at least 5 min, and it was difficult to remove by nail scratching. Thus, the bonding strength between the HAP powder and the titanium plate was much higher than that achieved with currently employed room temperature coating processes such as dipping, electrophoretic deposition, and electrochemical deposition. Therefore, the blast coating method is potentially valuable for the fabrication of useful biomaterials for hard tissue replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ishikawa
- Department of Dental Engineering, School of Dentistry, Tokushima University, Kuramoto-cho, Japan.
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44
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Yamashita K, Yonehara E, Ding X, Nagai M, Umegaki T, Matsuda M. Electrophoretic coating of multilayered apatite composite on alumina ceramics. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2000; 43:46-53. [PMID: 9509343 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199821)43:1<46::aid-jbm5>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
By means of an electrophoretic deposition technique followed by sintering, alumina and zirconia ceramics were coated with apatitic composites composed of porous surface and intermediate layers of hydroxyapatite and an adhesive calcium phosphate layer. The electrophoretic deposition of these layers was attained by the use of a mixed solvent of acetylacetone and alcohol as well as the mixed powders of the calcium phosphates and alumina. The adhesive layer was formed by the codeposition of calcium phosphate glass powders (Ca/P = 1/2) with hydroxyapatite, while the open porosity of the surface layer was increased with the addition of alumina to the hydroxyapatite layers. The resultant phases of sintered composite layers were tricalcium phosphate and alumina with a small amount of hydroxyapatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamashita
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan
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45
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BAN SEIJI, MARUNO SHIGEO, HASEGAWA JIRO. MORPHOLOGY OF HYDROTHERMAL-ELECTROCHEMICALLY DEPOSITED APATITE AND ITS BIOACTIVITY IN VITRO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.3363/prb1992.10.0_220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SEIJI BAN
- Department of Dental Material Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
| | - SHIGEO MARUNO
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology
| | - JIRO HASEGAWA
- Department of Dental Material Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University
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46
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Abstract
Hydroxyapatite crystals were formed on a titanium electrode using the hydrothermal-electrochemical method in an autoclave with two electrodes. The electrolyte dissolving NaCl, K2HPO4, CaCl2.2H2O, trishydroxyaminomethane, and hydrochloric acid was maintained at 80 degrees - 200 degrees C. After loading of a constant current at 12.5 mA/cm2 for 1 h, the deposited amounts were measured through the weight gain of the electrode. The deposits were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission-type scanning electron microscopy, field emission-type transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The deposited amount increased with electrolyte temperatures up to 150 degrees C and slightly decreased above that temperature. The deposits were identified as hydroxyapatite crystal rods grown along the c axis and perpendicular to the substrate. The crystallinity of the deposited hydroxyapatite increased continuously with the electrolyte temperature and closed to stoichiometric hydroxyapatite. At 150 degrees - 160 degrees C, the hydroxyapatite rod grew very homogeneously perpendicular to the substrate, and the edge of the needle had a flat hexagonal plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ban
- Department of Dental Material Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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47
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Simpson L. Electrochemically generated CaCO3 deposits on iron studied with FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(97)10167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Wang CK, Lin JH, Ju CP, Ong HC, Chang RP. Structural characterization of pulsed laser-deposited hydroxyapatite film on titanium substrate. Biomaterials 1997; 18:1331-8. [PMID: 9363332 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pure, crystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) films with thicknesses of roughly 10 microns have been deposited on titanium substrate using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Experimental results indicate that the structure and properties of the PLD-HA films varied with deposition parameters. The PLD process used in the present study did not induce significant amounts of calcium phosphate phases other than apatite, or significant changes in the behaviour of hydroxyl or phosphate functional groups. Broad face scanning electron microscopy showed that HA coating was comprised of numerous essentially spheroidal-shaped particles of different sizes, while the lateral morphology indicated that columnar and dome-shaped structures both existed in the film. Many pinholes and crevices observed on coating surfaces were linked to the original substrate surface crevices/craters. The adhesion strength of the coating, mostly in the range of 30-40 MPa, was found to be closely related to the fractography of the tested specimen. The fracture surfaces of specimens with higher bond strengths were usually accompanied by a higher degree of deformation and coating-substrate debonding, while the fracture of specimens with lower bond strengths occurred more frequently within HA coatings in a more brittle manner. The energy dispersive spectroscopy-determined Ca/P ratios of raw HA powder (1.78) and sintered HA target for PLD (1.79) were very close, indicating that the sintering process used in the present study essentially did not change the Ca/P ratio of HA. After the PLD process, the Ca/P ratio of the HA film increased to 1.99. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy point analysis indicated that the value of the Ca/P ratio was significantly higher in the region near the surface, particularly near the coating-substrate interface, than in the coating interior.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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49
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Ban S, Maruno S, Arimoto N, Harada A, Hasegawa J. Effect of electrochemically deposited apatite coating on bonding of bone to the HA-G-Ti composite and titanium. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1997; 36:9-15. [PMID: 9212384 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199707)36:1<9::aid-jbm2>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The surfaces of hydroxyapatite-glass-titanium (HA-G-Ti) functionally gradient composite and titanium bars were treated with electrochemical apatite deposition, and a cathodic current was applied at 62 degrees C in a solution containing calcium and phosphate ions. Specimens with and without the electrochemical surface treatment were implanted in the femurs of Japanese white rabbits. The rabbits were sacrificed at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after implantation, and the bonding strengths of bone to these specimens were determined by a pull-out method. At 3 and 6 weeks after implantation the specimens with the electrochemical surface treatment showed larger values for the Weibull modulus and characteristic strengths than those of untreated specimens, whereas there was no remarkable difference in the results at 9 weeks. Especially the pull-out strengths of surface-treated specimens were significantly larger than the untreated ones at 3 weeks after implantation. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared absorption spectroscopy of the specimen surface after implantation demonstrated that formation of new bone was enhanced by the electrochemical surface treatment. It can be concluded that the electrochemical surface treatment undoubtedly contributes to the early stage fixation between bone and implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ban
- School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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