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Shea Z, Ogando do Granja M, Fletcher EB, Zheng Y, Bewick P, Wang Z, Singer WM, Zhang B. A Review of Bioactive Compound Effects from Primary Legume Protein Sources in Human and Animal Health. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4203-4233. [PMID: 38785525 PMCID: PMC11120442 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The global demand for sustainable and nutritious food sources has catalyzed interest in legumes, known for their rich repertoire of health-promoting compounds. This review delves into the diverse array of bioactive peptides, protein subunits, isoflavones, antinutritional factors, and saponins found in the primary legume protein sources-soybeans, peas, chickpeas, and mung beans. The current state of research on these compounds is critically evaluated, with an emphasis on the potential health benefits, ranging from antioxidant and anticancer properties to the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. The extensively studied soybean is highlighted and the relatively unexplored potential of other legumes is also included, pointing to a significant, underutilized resource for developing health-enhancing foods. The review advocates for future interdisciplinary research to further unravel the mechanisms of action of these bioactive compounds and to explore their synergistic effects. The ultimate goal is to leverage the full spectrum of benefits offered by legumes, not only to advance human health but also to contribute to the sustainability of food systems. By providing a comprehensive overview of the nutraceutical potential of legumes, this manuscript sets a foundation for future investigations aimed at optimizing the use of legumes in the global pursuit of health and nutritional security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Shea
- United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh Agricultural Research Station, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA;
| | - Matheus Ogando do Granja
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Elizabeth B. Fletcher
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yaojie Zheng
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Patrick Bewick
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhibo Wang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Olivette, MO 63132, USA
| | - William M. Singer
- Center for Advanced Innovation in Agriculture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (M.O.d.G.); (E.B.F.); (Y.Z.); (P.B.); (Z.W.)
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de Camargo LJ, Maia MAC, Dos Santos Woloski R, Rizzi C, Moreira GMSG, Pich CT, da Silva Pinto L. Characterization of a Molecularly Engineered Banlec-Type Lectin (rBTL). Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:288-299. [PMID: 37097521 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins that reversibly bind to carbohydrates and are commonly found across many species. The Banana Lectin (BanLec) is a member of the Jacalin-related Lectins, heavily studied for its immunomodulatory, antiproliferative, and antiviral activity. In this study, a novel sequence was generated in silico considering the native BanLec amino acid sequence and 9 other lectins belonging to JRL. Based on multiple alignment of these proteins, 11 amino acids of the BanLec sequence were modified because of their potential for interference in active binding site properties resulting in a new lectin named recombinant BanLec-type Lectin (rBTL). rBTL was expressed in E. coli and was able to keep biological activity in hemagglutination assay (rat erythrocytes), maintaining similar structure with the native lectin. Antiproliferative activity was demonstrated on human melanoma lineage (A375), evaluated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT). rBTL was able to inhibit cellular growth in a concentration-dependent manner, in an 8-h incubation, 12 µg/mL of rBTL led to a 28.94% of cell survival compared to cell control with 100%. Through a nonlinear fit out log-concentration versus biological response, an IC50% of 3.649 µg/mL of rBTL was determined. In conclusion, it is possible to state that the changes made to the rBTL sequence maintained the structure of the carbohydrate-binding site without changing specificity. The new lectin is biologically active, with an improved carbohydrate recognition spectrum compared to nBanLec, and can also be considered cytotoxic for A375 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Junqueira de Camargo
- Laboratório de Bioinformática E Proteômica, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (PPGBCM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Mara Andrade Colares Maia
- Laboratório de Vacinologia - Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dos Santos Woloski
- Laboratório de Bioinformática E Proteômica, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rizzi
- Laboratório de Vacinologia - Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Claus Tröger Pich
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Araranguá, Rua Pedro João Pereira, 150. Bairro Mato Alto, CEP 88905120, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Luciano da Silva Pinto
- Laboratório de Bioinformática E Proteômica, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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Balducci E, Papi F, Capialbi DE, Del Bino L. Polysaccharides' Structures and Functions in Biofilm Architecture of Antimicrobial-Resistant (AMR) Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044030. [PMID: 36835442 PMCID: PMC9965654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi have developed resistance to the existing therapies such as antibiotics and antifungal drugs, and multiple mechanisms are mediating this resistance. Among these, the formation of an extracellular matrix embedding different bacterial cells, called biofilm, is an effective strategy through which bacterial and fungal cells are establishing a relationship in a unique environment. The biofilm provides them the possibility to transfer genes conferring resistance, to prevent them from desiccation and to impede the penetration of antibiotics or antifungal drugs. Biofilms are formed of several constituents including extracellular DNA, proteins and polysaccharides. Depending on the bacteria, different polysaccharides form the biofilm matrix in different microorganisms, some of them involved in the first stage of cells' attachment to surfaces and to each other, and some responsible for giving the biofilm structure resistance and stability. In this review, we describe the structure and the role of different polysaccharides in bacterial and fungal biofilms, we revise the analytical methods to characterize them quantitatively and qualitatively and finally we provide an overview of potential new antimicrobial therapies able to inhibit biofilm formation by targeting exopolysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Eloisa Capialbi
- GSK, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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de Sousa GF, Lund RG, da Silva Pinto L. The Role of Plant Lectins in the Cellular and Molecular Processes of Skin Wound Repair: An Overview. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2618-2625. [PMID: 37933218 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128264103231030093124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing pressure for innovative methods to treat compromised and difficult-to-heal wounds. Consequently, new strategies are needed for faster healing, reducing infection, hydrating the wound, stimulating healing mechanisms, accelerating wound closure, and reducing scar formation. In this scenario, lectins present as good candidates for healing agents. Lectins are a structurally heterogeneous group of glycosylated or non-glycosylated proteins of non-immune origin, which can recognize at least one specific monosaccharide or oligosaccharide specific for the reversible binding site. Cell surfaces are rich in glycoproteins (glycosidic receptors) that potentially interact with lectins through the number of carbohydrates reached. This lectin-cell interaction is the molecular basis for triggering various changes in biological organisms, including healing mechanisms. In this context, this review aimed to (i) provide a comprehensive overview of relevant research on the potential of vegetable lectins for wound healing and tissue regeneration processes and (ii) discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Feijó de Sousa
- Bioinformatics and Proteomics Laboratory (BioPro Lab), Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guerra Lund
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano da Silva Pinto
- Bioinformatics and Proteomics Laboratory (BioPro Lab), Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
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Liu J, Liu X, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Immunological characterization and function analysis of L-type lectin from spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:993777. [PMID: 36225913 PMCID: PMC9549603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.993777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lily-type lectin (LTL) plays significant roles in innate immune response against pathogen infection. LTL in animals and plants has received widespread attention. In the present study, an LTL (OppLTL) was identified from spotted knifejaw Oplegnathus punctatus. The OppLTL encoded a typical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-binding protein containing a CRD domain. The qRT-PCR showed that it was mainly expressed in the gill and was significantly upregulated after Vibrio anguillarum challenge. The agglutination analysis showed that the recombinant OppLTL could bind and agglutinate Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in a Ca2+-dependent manner. However, the binding activity was different. Meanwhile, the recombinant OppLTL could hemagglutinate mammalian and teleost erythrocytes. Subcellular localization revealed that OppLTL was mainly detected in the cytoplasm of HEK293T cells. The dual-luciferase analysis revealed that OppLTL could inhibit the activity of the NF-κB signal pathway in HEK293T cells after OppLTL overexpression. These findings collectively demonstrated that OppLTL could be involved in host innate immune response and defense against bacterial infection in spotted knifejaw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- *Correspondence: Quanqi Zhang,
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Šolinc G, Švigelj T, Omersa N, Snoj T, Pirc K, Žnidaršič N, Yamaji-Hasegawa A, Kobayashi T, Anderluh G, Podobnik M. Pore-forming moss protein bryoporin is structurally and mechanistically related to actinoporins from evolutionarily distant cnidarians. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102455. [PMID: 36063994 PMCID: PMC9526159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pore-forming proteins perforate lipid membranes and consequently affect their integrity and cell fitness. Therefore, it is not surprising that many of these proteins from bacteria, fungi, or certain animals act as toxins. While pore-forming proteins have also been found in plants, there is little information on their molecular structure and mode of action. Bryoporin is a protein from the moss Physcomitrium patens, and its corresponding gene was found to be upregulated by various abiotic stresses, especially dehydration, as well as upon fungal infection. Based on the amino acid sequence, it was suggested that bryoporin was related to the actinoporin family of pore-forming proteins, originally discovered in sea anemones. Here, we provide the first detailed structural and functional analysis of this plant cytolysin. The crystal structure of the monomeric bryoporin is highly similar to those of actinoporins. Our cryo-EM analysis of its pores showed an actinoporin-like octameric structure, thereby revealing a close kinship of proteins from evolutionarily distant organisms. This was further confirmed by our observation of bryoporin's preferential binding to and formation of pores in membranes containing animal sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin and ceramide phosphoethanolamine; however, its binding affinity was weaker than that of actinoporin equinatoxin II. We determined bryoporin did not bind to major sphingolipids found in fungi or plants, and its membrane-binding and pore-forming activity were enhanced by various sterols. Our results suggest that bryoporin could represent a part of the moss defense arsenal, acting as a pore-forming toxin against membranes of potential animal pathogens, parasites, or predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gašper Šolinc
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tomaž Švigelj
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neža Omersa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Snoj
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Pirc
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nada Žnidaršič
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Toshihide Kobayashi
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; UMR 7021 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Gregor Anderluh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marjetka Podobnik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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7
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Lectins ConA and ConM extracted from Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC and Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC inhibit planktonic Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:346. [PMID: 35608680 PMCID: PMC9127036 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-02959-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lectins participate in the defense against microorganisms and in signaling the damage caused by pathogens to the cell surface and/or intracellular in plants. This study aims to analyze the antifungal potential of lectins extracted from seeds of Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC and Canavalia rosea (Sw.) DC, against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. The antimicrobial tests were performed by microdilution against Candida spp. The test to verify the combined lectin/fluconazole effect was performed using subinhibitory concentrations of lectins and with antifungal ranging from 0.5 to 512 µg/mL. The ability to inhibit the morphological transition of Candida spp. was evaluated by microcultivation in a moist chamber. The results of the minimum inhibitory concentration revealed no antifungal activity against the tested strains. However, lectins modified the action of fluconazole, reducing the IC50 of the drug against C. albicans. Lectins were also able to discretely modulate the morphological transition of the tested strains.
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Barattucci A, Gangemi CMA, Santoro A, Campagna S, Puntoriero F, Bonaccorsi P. Bodipy-carbohydrate systems: synthesis and bio-applications. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2742-2763. [PMID: 35137764 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent BODIPY-sugar probes have stimulated the attention of researchers for the potential applications of such molecular systems in bio-imaging. The presence of carbohydrate units confers unique structural and biological features, beside enhancement of water solubility and polarity. On the other hand, BODIPY (BOronDiPYrromethene) derivatives represent eclectic and functional luminescent molecules because of their outstanding photophysical properties. This article provides a review on the synthesis and applications of BODIPY-linked glycosyl probes in which the labelling of complex carbohydrates with BODIPY allowed the disclosing of their in vivo behaviour or where the sugar constitutes a recognition element for specific targeting probes, or, finally, in which the stereochemical characteristics of the carbohydrate hydroxyl groups play as structural elements for assembling more than one photoactive subunit, resulting in functional supramolecular molecules with modulable properties. We describe the methods we have used to construct various multiBODIPY molecular systems capable of functioning as artificial antennas exhibiting extremely efficient and fast photo-induced energy transfer. Some of these systems have been designed to allow the modulation of energy transfer efficiency and emission color, and intensity dependent on their position within a biological matrix. Finally, future perspectives for such BODIPY-based functional supramolecular sugar systems are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Barattucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Chiara M A Gangemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Antonio Santoro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Sebastiano Campagna
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Fausto Puntoriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Paola Bonaccorsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Via F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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Nazem-Bokaee H, Hom EFY, Warden AC, Mathews S, Gueidan C. Towards a Systems Biology Approach to Understanding the Lichen Symbiosis: Opportunities and Challenges of Implementing Network Modelling. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:667864. [PMID: 34012428 PMCID: PMC8126723 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.667864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichen associations, a classic model for successful and sustainable interactions between micro-organisms, have been studied for many years. However, there are significant gaps in our understanding about how the lichen symbiosis operates at the molecular level. This review addresses opportunities for expanding current knowledge on signalling and metabolic interplays in the lichen symbiosis using the tools and approaches of systems biology, particularly network modelling. The largely unexplored nature of symbiont recognition and metabolic interdependency in lichens could benefit from applying a holistic approach to understand underlying molecular mechanisms and processes. Together with ‘omics’ approaches, the application of signalling and metabolic network modelling could provide predictive means to gain insights into lichen signalling and metabolic pathways. First, we review the major signalling and recognition modalities in the lichen symbioses studied to date, and then describe how modelling signalling networks could enhance our understanding of symbiont recognition, particularly leveraging omics techniques. Next, we highlight the current state of knowledge on lichen metabolism. We also discuss metabolic network modelling as a tool to simulate flux distribution in lichen metabolic pathways and to analyse the co-dependence between symbionts. This is especially important given the growing number of lichen genomes now available and improved computational tools for reconstructing such models. We highlight the benefits and possible bottlenecks for implementing different types of network models as applied to the study of lichens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Nazem-Bokaee
- CSIRO Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, NCMI, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,CSIRO Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Erik F Y Hom
- Department of Biology and Center for Biodiversity and Conservation Research, The University of Mississippi, University City, MS, United States
| | | | - Sarah Mathews
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Cécile Gueidan
- CSIRO Australian National Herbarium, Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, National Research Collections Australia, NCMI, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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10
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Pruksaphon K, Intaramat A, Simsiriwong P, Mongkolsuk S, Ratanabanangkoon K, Nosanchuk JD, Kaltsas A, Youngchim S. An inexpensive point-of-care immunochromatographic test for Talaromyces marneffei infection based on the yeast phase specific monoclonal antibody 4D1 and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009058. [PMID: 33945531 PMCID: PMC8096094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Talaromyces marneffei is a thermally dimorphic fungus that causes opportunistic systemic mycoses in patients with AIDS or other immunodeficiency syndromes. The purpose of this study was to develop an immunochromatographic strip test (ICT) based on a solid phase sandwich format immunoassay for the detection of T. marneffei antigens in clinical urine specimens. The T. marneffei yeast phase specific monoclonal antibody 4D1 (MAb4D1) conjugated with colloidal gold nanoparticle was used as a specific signal reporter. Galanthus nivalis Agglutinin (GNA) was adsorbed onto nitrocellulose membrane to serve as the test line. Similarly, a control line was created above the test line by immobilization of rabbit anti-mouse IgG. The immobilized GNA served as capturing molecule and as non-immune mediated anti-terminal mannose of T. marneffei antigenic mannoprotein. The MAb4D1–GNA based ICT showed specific binding activity with yeast phase antigen of T. marneffei, and it did not react with other common pathogenic fungal antigens. The limit of detection of this ICT for T. marneffei antigen spiked in normal urine was approximately 0.6 μg/ml. The diagnostic performance of the ICT was validated using 341 urine samples from patents with culture- confirmed T. marneffei infection and from a control group of healthy individuals and patients with other infections in an endemic area. The ICT exhibited 89.47% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 97.65% accuracy. Our results demonstrate that the urine-based GNA–MAb4D1 based ICT produces a visual result within 30 minutes and that the test is highly specific for the diagnosis of T. marneffei infection. The findings validate the deployment of the ICT for clinical use. Talaromycosis (Penicilliosis marneffei) is a neglected disease that causes an opportunistic systemic mycoses in AIDS and other immune-deficient patients living in Southeast Asia, China and the Indian subcontinent. Although laboratory culture remains a gold standard diagnostic method, it lacks sensitivity and is time-consuming, which results in delayed patient’s treatment and needed care. In this study, we develop an immunochromatographic strip test (ICT) by utilizing a yeast phase specific monoclonal antibody 4D1 and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin for detection of T. marneffei antigens in clinical urine specimens. Our data showed that the assay exhibited high sensitivity (89.47%) and specificity (100%), with its result available within 30 minutes. In addition, this diagnostic assay is inexpensive, reproducible, and simple to perform. Therefore, the T. marneffei ICT should be considered for clinical application in the context of rapid and affordable point-of-care diagnostic test to reduce the burden of talaromycosis mortality in patients in low resource countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsada Pruksaphon
- Graduate Program in Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Akarin Intaramat
- Translational Research Unit, Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pavinee Simsiriwong
- Translational Research Unit, Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Translational Research Unit, Laboratory of Immunology and Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kavi Ratanabanangkoon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Joshua D. Nosanchuk
- Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Anna Kaltsas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, United States of America
| | - Sirida Youngchim
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- * E-mail:
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11
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Huang Y, Jiang F, Wang R, Shi Y, Hu S, Wu T, Zhao Z. In silico characterization and expression analysis of eight C-type lectins in obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2021; 234:110200. [PMID: 33571917 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are a group of carbohydrate-binding proteins that play crucial roles in innate immune defense against invading pathogens. CTLs have been extensively studied in lower vertebrates, such as fish, for their roles in eliminating pathogens; however, their homologs in pufferfish are not well known. In the present study, eight CTLs from obscure puffer Takifugu obscurus (designated as ToCTL3-10 according to the order they were discovered) were obtained. All predicted ToCTL proteins contained a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). ToCTL7 also contained one calcium-binding epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain (EGF_CA) and a transmembrane region. ToCTL9 also contained an SCP domain, an EGF domain, and an EGF-like domain. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that ToCTL3-10 mainly clustered with the corresponding CTL homologs of other pufferfish species. Tissue distribution analysis detected ToCTL3-10 in all tissues examined, including kidneys, liver, gills, spleen, intestines, and heart. Moreover, the expressions of ToCTL3-10 were significantly induced in the kidneys of obscure puffer following challenges with three Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, namely, Vibrio harveyi, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Edwardsiella tarda, and a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA poly(I:C). The expression patterns of ToCTL3-10 in response to different immune stimulants were different. Our results indicated that the eight ToCTLs obtained herein might be involved in host defense against bacterial and poly(I:C) infections in T. obscurus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225800, China
| | - Fuhui Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Yan Shi
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Sufei Hu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Jiangsu Shuixian Industrial Company Limited, 40 Tonghu Road, Baoying, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225800, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China.
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12
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Impedimetric Biosensor Based on a Hechtia argentea Lectin for the Detection of Salmonella spp. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive electrochemical detection method for Salmonella spp. was described, based on the use of Hechtia argentea lectin immobilised on a screen-printed gold electrode. The lectin was extracted from Hechtia argentea, a plant belonging to the Bromeliaceae family. The lectin with molecular weight near 27.4 kDa showed selectivity towards D-mannose, contained on the lipopolysaccharide cell wall of Salmonella spp. Carbohydrate selectivity of the lectin was measured as a change in impedance with respect to concentration. The binding of the bacteria to the biosensor surface increased impedance with increasing concentrations of Salmonella spp., achieving a linear range of detection of 15–2.57 × 107 CFU mL−1, with a limit of detection of 5 CFU mL−1. Increases in impedance were measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and analysed using Nyquist plots. The biosensor was applied in analysis of hen egg samples, and the results were consistent with those obtained using the official analysis methodology.
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13
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Guzmán-Téllez P, Martínez-Castillo M, Flores-Huerta N, Rosales-Morgan G, Pacheco-Yépez J, la Garza MD, Serrano-Luna J, Shibayama M. Lectins as virulence factors in Entamoeba histolytica and free-living amoebae. Future Microbiol 2020; 15:919-936. [PMID: 32716210 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is growing interest in the identification and purification of microbial lectins due to their involvement in the pathogenicity mechanisms of pathogens, such as Entamoeba histolytica and free-living amoebae. The Gal/GalNAc lectin from E. histolytica participates in adhesion, cytotoxicity and regulation of immune responses. Furthermore, mannose- and galactose-binding protein have been described in Acanthamoeba castellanii and Balamuthia mandrillaris, respectively and they also contribute to host damage. Finally, in Naegleria fowleri, molecules containing mannose and fucose are implicated in adhesion and cytotoxicity. Considering their relevance in the pathogenesis of the diseases caused by these protozoa, lectins appear to be promising targets in the diagnosis, vaccination and treatment of these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Guzmán-Téllez
- Department of Infectomics & Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Moisés Martínez-Castillo
- Department of Infectomics & Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Liver, Pancreas & Motility Laboratory (HIPAM), School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nadia Flores-Huerta
- Department of Infectomics & Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rosales-Morgan
- Department of Infectomics & Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Judith Pacheco-Yépez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mireya de la Garza
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Jesús Serrano-Luna
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Mineko Shibayama
- Department of Infectomics & Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research & Advanced Studies of The National Polytechnic Institute, Av. IPN 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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14
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Venom gland transcriptome from Heloderma horridum horridum by high-throughput sequencing. Toxicon 2020; 180:62-78. [PMID: 32283106 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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15
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Mishra A, Behura A, Mawatwal S, Kumar A, Naik L, Mohanty SS, Manna D, Dokania P, Mishra A, Patra SK, Dhiman R. Structure-function and application of plant lectins in disease biology and immunity. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 134:110827. [PMID: 31542433 PMCID: PMC7115788 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are proteins with a high degree of stereospecificity to recognize various sugar structures and form reversible linkages upon interaction with glyco-conjugate complexes. These are abundantly found in plants, animals and many other species and are known to agglutinate various blood groups of erythrocytes. Further, due to the unique carbohydrate recognition property, lectins have been extensively used in many biological functions that make use of protein-carbohydrate recognition like detection, isolation and characterization of glycoconjugates, histochemistry of cells and tissues, tumor cell recognition and many more. In this review, we have summarized the immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins and their effects against diseases, including antimicrobial action. We found that many plant lectins mediate its microbicidal activity by triggering host immune responses that result in the release of several cytokines followed by activation of effector mechanism. Moreover, certain lectins also enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages during microbial infections. Lectins along with heat killed microbes can act as vaccine to provide long term protection from deadly microbes. Hence, lectin based therapy can be used as a better substitute to fight microbial diseases efficiently in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abtar Mishra
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Assirbad Behura
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Shradha Mawatwal
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Lincoln Naik
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Subhashree Subhasmita Mohanty
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Debraj Manna
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Puja Dokania
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India
| | - Samir K Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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Mancini RSN, de Jesus FP, da Rocha AM, Carvalho AZ, Rocha DL. An automated flow system for in-line extraction of proteins and separation of jacalin using a low-cost stationary phase. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1130-1131:121806. [PMID: 31670106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins with many physiological and biotechnological applications. Isolation of proteins is normally time-consuming and encompasses multiple and, sometimes, complicated steps that hinder reproducibility and yield. Affinity chromatography is an efficient way to simplify and improve protein purification, however often requiring an expensive and fragile stationary phase. In this regard, automated flow-based systems minimize the time for extraction of species from solid samples without hindering the features of batch procedures. In this work, a new inexpensive affinity-based stationary phase was developed for in-line separation of jacalin, a galactose-binding lectin from jackfruit seeds. In the flow manifold, in-line extraction of proteins was also carried out with continuous monitoring using the spectrophotometric Biuret assay. For protein determination, linear response was observed from 3.0 to 15 g L-1. The results of the analysis of protein extracts from jackfruit seeds obtained with the herein described procedure and batch procedure agreed with 95% confidence level. Quantitative extraction of proteins from jackfruit seed powder required recirculation of extraction buffer for 15 min through a lab-made polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) column containing 200 mg of the crude seed powder. In the chromatographic step, jacalin was isolated after 300 s. Therefore, three essential steps for jacalin isolation were performed in one manifold in a fast way, minimizing sample consumption and solution handling. Additionally, the versatile and multi-task developed flow manifold can be useful for routine analysis and preparative procedures, being adaptable for the extraction and separation of other species from solid matrixes with continuous monitoring of the processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo S N Mancini
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P de Jesus
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M da Rocha
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Z Carvalho
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Diogo L Rocha
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, 09210-580 Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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17
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Liu X, Li X, Peng M, Wang X, Du X, Meng L, Zhai J, Liu J, Yu H, Zhang Q. A novel C-type lectin from spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:11-20. [PMID: 31132464 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin is a type of carbohydrate-binding protein and plays significant roles in innate immune response against pathogen infection. To date, thousands of C-type lectin had been identified in teleost. In the present study, we isolated a novel isoform of C-type lectin (OppCTL) from spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus). The OppCTL encoded a typical Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate-binding protein, and was mainly expressed in liver in a tissue specific fashion. The expression of OppCTL was significantly up-regulated following Vibrio anguillarum infection in vivo, suggesting involvement in immune response. Hemagglutination analysis showed that the recombinant OppCTL (rOppCTL) could agglutinate erythrocyte from Mus musculus, Oplegnathus punctatus, Sebastes schlegelii and Paralichthys olivaceus. The rOppCTL could bind and agglutinate all tested bacteria. The rOppCTL possessed capacities of calcium-dependent agglutination to all tested bacteria. Sugar binding assay revealed that rOppCTL could also bind to the glycoconjugates of the bacterial surface, including lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. Interestingly, Dual-luciferase analysis revealed that OppCTL could inhibit the activity of NF-κB in HEK-293T cells after OppCTL overexpression. Taken together, these results indicate that OppCTL has immune activity capable of defending invading pathogens and possesses potential immunoregulatory activity, enriching our understanding of the function of C-type lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Meiting Peng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xuangang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xinxin Du
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Department of Life Science and Engineering, Jining University, Jining, China
| | - Lihui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jieming Zhai
- LaizhouMingbo Aquatic CO., Ltd., Laizhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
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18
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Abstract
Cancer has high incidence and it will continue to increase over the next decades. Detection and quantification of cancer-associated biomarkers is frequently carried out for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring at various disease stages. It is well-known that glycosylation profiles change significantly during oncogenesis. Aberrant glycans produced during tumorigenesis are, therefore, valuable molecules for detection and characterization of cancer, and for therapeutic design and monitoring. Although glycoproteomics has benefited from the development of analytical tools such as high performance liquid chromatography, two-dimensional gel and capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, these approaches are not well suited for rapid point-of-care (POC) testing easily performed by medical staff. Lectins are biomolecules found in nature with specific affinities toward particular glycan structures and bind them thus forming a relatively strong complex. Because of this characteristic, lectins have been used in analytical techniques for the selective capture or separation of certain glycans in complex samples, namely, in lectin affinity chromatography, or to characterize glycosylation profiles in diverse clinical situations, using lectin microarrays. Lectin-based biosensors have been developed for the detection of specific aberrant and cancer-associated glycostructures to aid diagnosis, prognosis and treatment assessment of these patients. The attractive features of biosensors, such as portability and simple use make them highly suitable for POC testing. Recent developments in lectin biosensors, as well as their potential and pitfalls in cancer glycan biomarker detection, are presented in this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luísa S Silva
- Centre of Chemical Research, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Hidalgo, México.
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19
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Oliveira AC, Wanderley-Teixeira V, Silva CT, Teixeira ÁA, Siqueira HA, Cruz GS, Neto CJCL, Lima AL, Correia MT. Labeling membrane receptors with lectins and evaluation of the midgut histochemistry of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) populations with different levels of susceptibility to formulated Bt. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2608-2617. [PMID: 29700928 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies show that insects can adapt to the toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis under field and laboratory conditions through the development of resistance to the bacterium and its formulations. This has been demonstrated in the failure to control Tuta absoluta populations in Brazil. This study evaluated membrane receptors using peroxidase-labeled lectins and the midgut histochemistry of T. absoluta populations to assess susceptibility to the insecticides Bt fomulations. The histochemistry analysis used Periodic Acid-Schiff for glycogen and Ponceau Xylidine for total proteins. The presence of glucose/mannose and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) was analyzed using specific lectins. One susceptible and one tolerant population were used in the study; insects were exposed to the insecticide concentrations recommended by the manufacturers. The midgut was collected after an interval of 20 min and analyzed using optical microscopy. RESULTS Bt fomulation interferes with the glycogen content, whereas XenTari® interferes with the protein content, irrespective of the level of susceptibility. High expression of GalNAc residues was observed using soybean lectin labeling, indicating a direct relationship between the glycosylation pattern and susceptibility to Bt fomulation in the Pelotas population. CONCLUSION The use of Bt fomulation caused greater alterations in the larval intestinal histophysiology compared to the use of XenTari® . © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Cb Oliveira
- Department of Agronomy-Entomology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Ts Silva
- Department of Agronomy-Entomology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Ac Teixeira
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Herbert Aa Siqueira
- Department of Agronomy-Entomology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Glauciane S Cruz
- Department of Agronomy-Entomology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Clovis J C Lapa Neto
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Amanda Lr Lima
- Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Maria Ts Correia
- Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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20
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Bauhinia lectins: Biochemical properties and biotechnological applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:811-820. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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22
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Pereira PR, Corrêa ACNTF, Vericimo MA, Paschoalin VMF. Tarin, a Potential Immunomodulator and COX-Inhibitor Lectin Found in Taro ( Colocasia esculenta). Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 17:878-891. [PMID: 32313515 PMCID: PMC7162284 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Taro (Colocasia esculenta) corm is a rustic staple food, rich in small starch granules, fibers, and bioactive phytoconstituents such as flavonoids, alkaloids, sterols, tannins, phytates, micronutrients, and proteins, including tarin, a GNA-related lectin. Tarin exhibits recognized biocide activities against viruses and insects, has antitumoral properties and is an immunomodulator molecule candidate. It has been isolated in highly purified form (>90%) from taro corms through low-cost and single-step affinity chromatography. It comprises 2-domain 27 to 28 kDa protomer, posttranslational cleaved into 2 nonidentical monomers, 11.9 and 12.6 kDa, held by noncovalent binding. At least 10 tarin isoforms sharing over 70% similarity have been described. The monomers assume the β-prism II fold, consisting of 3 antiparallel β-sheets formed by 4 β-strands each. Tarin exhibits an expanded-binding site for complex and high-mannose N-glycan chains 49, 212, 213, 358, 465, and 477 found on cell surface antigens of viruses, insects, cancer, and hematopoietic cells, explaining its broad biological activities. Tarin may stimulate innate and adaptive immune responses, enabling hosts to recover from infections or immunosuppressed status inherent to several pathological conditions. In a murine model, tarin stimulates the in vitro and in vivo proliferation of total spleen and bone marrow cells, especially B lymphocytes. Granulocyte repopulation has also been demonstrated in long-term mice bone marrow cell cultures. As a potential immunomodulator, tarin, administered to immunosuppressed mice, attenuated cyclophosphamide-induced leukopenia. We propose a molecular model that unites the potential prophylactic and therapeutic action of tarin on hematopoietic and cancer cells, as a potential immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Ribeiro Pereira
- Inst. de QuímicaUniv. Federal do Rio de JaneiroAvenida Athos da Silveira Ramos 149 ‐ 21941‐909 ‐ Rio de Janeiro (RJ)Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Afonso Vericimo
- Inst. de BiologiaUniv. Federal FluminenseAlameda Barros Terra S/N ‐ 4020‐141‐ Niterói (RJ)Brazil
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Frutapin, a lectin from Artocarpus incisa (breadfruit): cloning, expression and molecular insights. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170969. [PMID: 28684550 PMCID: PMC5520216 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Artocarpus incisa (breadfruit) seeds contain three different lectins (Frutalin, Frutapin (FTP) and Frutackin) with distinct carbohydrate specificities. The most abundant lectin is Frutalin, an α-D-galactose-specific carbohydrate-binding glycoprotein with antitumour properties and potential for tumour biomarker discovery as already reported. FTP is the second most abundant, but proved difficult to purify with very low yields and contamination with Frutalin frustrating its characterization. Here, we report for the first time high-level production and isolation of biologically active recombinant FTP in Escherichia coli BL21, optimizing conditions with the best set yielding >40 mg/l culture of soluble active FTP. The minimal concentration for agglutination of red blood cells was 62.5 µg/ml of FTP, a process effectively inhibited by mannose. Apo-FTP, FTP–mannose and FTP–glucose crystals were obtained, and they diffracted X-rays to a resolution of 1.58 (P212121), 1.70 (P3121) and 1.60 (P3121) Å respectively. The best solution showed four monomers per asymmetric unit. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation suggested that FTP displays higher affinity for mannose than glucose. Cell studies revealed that FTP was non-cytotoxic to cultured mouse fibroblast 3T3 cells below 0.5 mg/ml and was also capable of stimulating cell migration at 50 µg/ml. In conclusion, our optimized expression system allowed high amounts of correctly folded soluble FTP to be isolated. This recombinant bioactive lectin will now be tested in future studies for therapeutic potential; for example in wound healing and tissue regeneration.
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Nazeam JA, Gad HA, El-Hefnawy HM, Singab ANB. Chromatographic separation and detection methods of Aloe arborescens Miller constituents: A systematic review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1058:57-67. [PMID: 28535423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aloe arborescens Miller (Family Asphodelaceae) is a member of genus Aloe, which is used in traditional medicine to cure various diseases. The extracts of the plant have been reported to possess anticancer, immunomodulator, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The phytochemical investigations have revealed diverse chemical constituents, including phenolics [anthraquinones, anthrones, pyrones, chromones and coumarins], polysaccharides [arborans [(1-4) linked glucomannans, polysaccharide (A, B and C): (A: a linear (1-6)-O-α-glucan, B: a branching (1-2)-O-l-arabinose with (1-2)-O-d-galactose linkages and C: (1-4)-O-β-mannan with 18% acetyl group)]], glycoproteins and carboxypeptidase enzyme. There are many reports, describing the different methodologies developed to perform chemical analysis as well as, separation, detection and identification of these constituents. Different chromatographic techniques were applied such as gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization coupled with mass spectroscopy (LC-ESI/MS/MS) and gel filtration chromatography. Also the isolated compounds were identified based on the spectroscopic analysis; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), infra-red spectroscopy (IR), mass spectroscopy (MS) and nuclear-magnetic resonance (NMR). This study aims to pinpoint the active components besides finding out new structural leads for future drugs. Therefore, the review is targeted to provide evidence reported in the relevant literature on qualitative and quantitative research to assist scientists in isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds in A. arborescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilan A Nazeam
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6th University, Egypt.
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Egypt.
| | - Hala M El-Hefnawy
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
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25
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Bernardi S, Yi D, He N, Casnati A, Fessner WD, Sansone F. Complete tetraglycosylation of a calix[4]arene by a chemo-enzymatic approach. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:10064-10072. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02448g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It was demonstrated that a calixarene can be a substrate for glycosyltransferases and thanks to an exhaustive glycosylation a multivalent tetralactosaminyl calix[4]arene was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bernardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale
- Università di Parma
- I-43124 Parma
- Italy
| | - Dong Yi
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Ning He
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Alessandro Casnati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale
- Università di Parma
- I-43124 Parma
- Italy
| | - Wolf-Dieter Fessner
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Francesco Sansone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale
- Università di Parma
- I-43124 Parma
- Italy
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26
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Akiba U, Anzai JI. Recent Progress in Electrochemical Biosensors for Glycoproteins. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 16:E2045. [PMID: 27916961 PMCID: PMC5191026 DOI: 10.3390/s16122045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of recent progress in the development of electrochemical biosensors for glycoproteins. Electrochemical glycoprotein sensors are constructed by combining metal and carbon electrodes with glycoprotein-selective binding elements including antibodies, lectin, phenylboronic acid and molecularly imprinted polymers. A recent trend in the preparation of glycoprotein sensors is the successful use of nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotube, and metal nanoparticles. These nanomaterials are extremely useful for improving the sensitivity of glycoprotein sensors. This review focuses mainly on the protocols for the preparation of glycoprotein sensors and the materials used. Recent improvements in glycoprotein sensors are discussed by grouping the sensors into several categories based on the materials used as recognition elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uichi Akiba
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagaluenn-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichi Anzai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramakim, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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27
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Pinto GP, Lopes KAR, Salles NG, Pacheco-Soares C. N-acetyl Glucosamine Distribution and Mitochondrial Activity of Tumor Cell Exposed to Photodynamic Therapy. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:1923-1926. [PMID: 27596233 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The use of lectins can play an important role for tracking modification on cell surface components, since lectins can be easily complexed with radioisotopes, biotin or fluorescein, facilitating the evaluation of carbohydrates distribution in the cell and mitochondrial activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate photodynamic therapy effects on indirect distribution of N-acetyl-glucosamine terminal glycoproteins, in human laryngeal carcinoma HEp-2 cell line surface, using lectin wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and on mitochondrial activity, for the same cell line, using MitoTracker. The photosensitizer Aluminum Phthalocyanine Tetrasulfonate (AlPcS4) was administrated at 10 μM/mL, followed by an incubation period for its accumulation in the tumor cells, which were irradiated with laser diode λ = 685 nm and energy density of 4.5 J/cm2. Our results indicated that, after Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), it was observed N-acetyl glucosamine terminal glycoprotein expression and mitochondrial O2 production, compared to the control group. Based on these results, we suggest that PDT influences the O2 mitochondrial production and the presence of surface glycoproteins N-acetyl glucosamine terminals.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Pinto
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K A R Lopes
- Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento (IP&D) - Laboratório Dinâmica de Compartimentos Celulares, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N G Salles
- Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento (IP&D) - Laboratório Dinâmica de Compartimentos Celulares, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento (IP&D) - Laboratório de Nanotecnologia Biomédica (NANOBIO), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Pacheco-Soares
- Instituto de Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento (IP&D) - Laboratório Dinâmica de Compartimentos Celulares, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (Univap), Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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28
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Liu Y, Li NQ, Zhao XP, Yue B, He SW, Gao ZX, Zhou S, Zhang M. A C-type lectin that inhibits bacterial infection and facilitates viral invasion in black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 57:309-317. [PMID: 27569982 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are important pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play vital roles in innate immunity. In teleosts, a number of CTLs have been reported, but their in vivo effects on host defense are still limited. In this study, a CTL homolog (SsLec1) was identified from black rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, and its structure, expression and biological function was analyzed. The open reading frame of SsLec1 is 633 bp, with a 5'- untranslated region (UTR) of 36 bp and a 3'- UTR of 117 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence of SsLec1 shares the highest overall identity (73.20%) with the CTL of Oplegnathus fasciatus. SsLec1 possesses conserved CTL features, including a carbohydrate-recognition domain, four disulfide bond-forming cysteine residues, the mannose-type carbohydrate-binding motif, the conserved calcium binding sites and a putative signal peptide. The expression of SsLec1 was highest in liver and could be induced by experimental infection with Listonella anguillarum. Recombinant SsLec1 (rSsLec1) purified from E. coli was able to bind and agglutinate the Gram-negative fish pathogens Vibrio ichthyoenteri and Vibrio vulnificus. The agglutinating ability of rSsLec1 was abolished in the presence of mannose or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Further analysis showed that rSsLec1 could enhance phagocytosis by macrophages. In vivo experiments indicated that rSsLec1 could inhibit bacterial infection and promote viral invasion. Taken together, these results suggest that SsLec1 is a novel CTL that possesses apparent immunoregulation property and plays a critical role in host defense against pathogens invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ning-Qiu Li
- Pearl River Fishery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, China
| | - Xin-Peng Zhao
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Bin Yue
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shu-Wen He
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Gao
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Shun Zhou
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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29
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Lv C, Zhang D, Wang Z. A novel C-type lectin, Nattectin-like protein, with a wide range of bacterial agglutination activity in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 50:231-241. [PMID: 26828263 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) are generally recognized as a superfamily of Ca(2+)-dependent carbohydrate-binding proteins, which serve as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in innate immunity of vertebrates. In this study, the molecular characterization and immune roles of a novel CTL from Larimichthys crocea (designated as LcNTC) were investigated. LcNTC is a novel protein that shared 33%-49% homology with other teleosts CTLs. The full-length cDNA of LcNTC was composed of 859 bp with a 465 bp open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 154 residues. LcNTC contained a single CRD with four conserved disulfide-bonded cysteine residues (Cys(57)-Cys(148), Cys(126)-Cys(140)) and EPN/AND motifs instead of invariant EPN/WND motifs required for carbohydrate-binding specificity and constructing Ca(2+)-binding sites. LcNTC mRNA was detected in all examined tissues with the most abundant in the gill. After challenged with poly I:C and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the temporal expression of LcNTC was significantly up-regulated in the liver, spleen and head-kidney. LcNTC transcripts were also induced in the gill, skin, spleen and head-kidney post-infection with Cryptocaryon irritans. The recombinant LcNTC (rLcNTC) purified from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) exhibited strong agglutination activity against erythrocytes from human, rabbit and large yellow croaker in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner, and the agglutination could be inhibited by D-Mannose, D-Glucose, D-Fructose, α-Lactose, D-Maltose and LPS. Positive microbial agglutination activities of rLcNTC were observed against all tested bacteria in the presence of Ca(2+), including Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus lysoleikticus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, V. parahaemolyticus, Vibrio alginolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila). These findings collectively indicated that LcNTC might be involved in the innate immunity of L. crocea as a PRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhuan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
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30
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Wang B, Anzai JI. Recent Progress in Lectin-Based Biosensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:8590-8607. [PMID: 28793731 PMCID: PMC5458863 DOI: 10.3390/ma8125478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews recent progress in the development of lectin-based biosensors used for the determination of glucose, pathogenic bacteria and toxins, cancer cells, and lectins. Lectin proteins have been widely used for the construction of optical and electrochemical biosensors by exploiting the specific binding affinity to carbohydrates. Among lectin proteins, concanavalin A (Con A) is most frequently used for this purpose as glucose- and mannose-selective lectin. Con A is useful for immobilizing enzymes including glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) on the surface of a solid support to construct glucose and hydrogen peroxide sensors, because these enzymes are covered with intrinsic hydrocarbon chains. Con A-modified electrodes can be used as biosensors sensitive to glucose, cancer cells, and pathogenic bacteria covered with hydrocarbon chains. The target substrates are selectively adsorbed to the surface of Con A-modified electrodes through strong affinity of Con A to hydrocarbon chains. A recent topic in the development of lectin-based biosensors is a successful use of nanomaterials, such as metal nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, for amplifying output signals of the sensors. In addition, lectin-based biosensors are useful for studying glycan expression on living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baozhen Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Jun-Ichi Anzai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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31
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Lazar J, Park H, Rosencrantz RR, Böker A, Elling L, Schnakenberg U. Evaluating the Thickness of Multivalent Glycopolymer Brushes for Lectin Binding. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:1472-8. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Lazar
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1; RWTH Aachen University; Sommerfeldstr. 24 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Hyunji Park
- DWI-Leibniz Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V; Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Materialien und Oberflächen; Forckenbeckstr. 50 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Ruben R. Rosencrantz
- Laboratory for Biomaterials Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstr. 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- DWI-Leibniz Institut für Interaktive Materialien e.V; Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Materialien und Oberflächen; Forckenbeckstr. 50 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Lothar Elling
- Laboratory for Biomaterials Institute for Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering; RWTH Aachen University; Pauwelsstr. 20 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Uwe Schnakenberg
- Institute of Materials in Electrical Engineering 1; RWTH Aachen University; Sommerfeldstr. 24 52074 Aachen Germany
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32
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Pei D, Li Y, Huang Q, Ren Q, Li F, Shi T. Quantum dots encapsulated glycopolymer vesicles: Synthesis, lectin recognition and photoluminescent properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 127:130-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dias RDO, Machado LDS, Migliolo L, Franco OL. Insights into animal and plant lectins with antimicrobial activities. Molecules 2015; 20:519-41. [PMID: 25569512 PMCID: PMC6272381 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20010519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are multivalent proteins with the ability to recognize and bind diverse carbohydrate structures. The glyco -binding and diverse molecular structures observed in these protein classes make them a large and heterogeneous group with a wide range of biological activities in microorganisms, animals and plants. Lectins from plants and animals are commonly used in direct defense against pathogens and in immune regulation. This review focuses on sources of animal and plant lectins, describing their functional classification and tridimensional structures, relating these properties with biotechnological purposes, including antimicrobial activities. In summary, this work focuses on structural-functional elucidation of diverse lectin groups, shedding some light on host-pathogen interactions; it also examines their emergence as biotechnological tools through gene manipulation and development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata de Oliveira Dias
- SInova, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Dos Santos Machado
- SInova, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- SInova, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | - Octavio Luiz Franco
- SInova, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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Damasio DDC, Nolte S, Polak LP, Brandt AP, Bonan NB, Zischler L, Stuelp-Campelo PM, Cadena SMSC, Noronha LD, Elífio-Esposito SL, Moreno-Amaral AN. The lectin BJcuL induces apoptosis through TRAIL expression, caspase cascade activation and mitochondrial membrane permeability in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. Toxicon 2014; 90:299-307. [PMID: 25194746 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the cytotoxic effect of BJcuL, the lectin isolated from Bothrops jararacussu venom, on human gastric carcinoma is accompanied by the inhibition of extracellular matrix adhesion, cytoskeleton disassembly and apoptosis induction. The present study aimed to evaluate the apoptosis mechanisms triggered by the BJcuL interaction with specific glycans on the surface of HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. The results demonstrated that BJcuL interacts with glycoligands targets on the cell, which were inhibited in the presence of d-galactose. It shows a dose-dependently cytotoxic effect that is inhibited in the presence of d-galactose. A dose-dependent cell aggregation decrease was also observed for the HT29 cells. Analysis of cell proliferation inhibition was assessed by anti-PCNA and demonstrated that lectin diminishes PCNA expression when compared with untreated cells. Differences in apoptotic marker expression estimated by immunohistochemistry revealed that the lectin promotes an increase in TRAIL expression, leading to an increase in the expression of FADD, caspase-8 and Bax. Besides the increased expression of apoptosis-related proteins, our results revealed that the lectin promotes a mitochondrial respiration decrease and a 75% increase in the amount of cytochrome c released. Together these results suggest that the cytotoxicity of BJcuL can sensitize pro-apoptotic proteins in the cytoplasm and mitochondria, leading to the apoptotic cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danusa de Castro Damasio
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Stefanie Nolte
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Puchetti Polak
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Brandt
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Natália Borges Bonan
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luciana Zischler
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M Stuelp-Campelo
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Silvia Maria S C Cadena
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lúcia de Noronha
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Selene L Elífio-Esposito
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa Novais Moreno-Amaral
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 80215-901, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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35
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Forier K, Raemdonck K, De Smedt SC, Demeester J, Coenye T, Braeckmans K. Lipid and polymer nanoparticles for drug delivery to bacterial biofilms. J Control Release 2014; 190:607-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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36
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Araújo LCC, Aguiar JS, Napoleão TH, Mota FVB, Barros ALS, Moura MC, Coriolano M, Coelho LCBB, Silva TG, Paiva PMG. Evaluation of cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts and lectins from Moringa oleifera seeds. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81973. [PMID: 24349164 PMCID: PMC3857229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The extract from Moringa oleifera seeds is used worldwide, especially in rural areas of developing countries, to treat drinking water. M. oleifera seeds contain the lectins cmol and WSMoL, which are carbohydrate-binding proteins that are able to reduce water turbidity because of their coagulant activity. Studies investigating the ability of natural products to damage normal cells are essential for the safe use of these substances. This study evaluated the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous seed extract, the extract used by population to treat water (named diluted seed extract in this work), and the isolated lectins cmol and WSMoL. Methodology/Principal Findings The data showed that the aqueous seed extract and cmol were potentially cytotoxic to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, while WSMoL and diluted seed extract were not cytotoxic. The M. oleifera aqueous seed extract and the lectins cmol and WSMoL were weakly/moderately cytotoxic to the NCI-H292, HT-29 and HEp-2 cancer cell lines and were not hemolytic to murine erythrocytes. Evaluation of acute toxicity in mice revealed that the aqueous seed extract (2.000 mg/kg) did not cause systemic toxicity. The aqueous seed extract, cmol and WSMoL (6.25 µg/mL) and diluted seed extract at 50 µg/mL exhibited anti-inflammatory activity on lipopolyssaccharide-stimulated murine macrophages by regulating the production of nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-1β. The aqueous seed extract reduced leukocyte migration in a mouse model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy; the myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-1β levels were similarly reduced. Histological analysis of the lungs showed that the extract reduced the number of leukocytes. Conclusion/Significance This study shows that the extract prepared according to folk use and WSMoL may be non-toxic to mammalian cells; however, the aqueous seed extract and cmol may be cytotoxic to immune cells which may explain the immunosuppressive potential of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Cardoso Corrêa Araújo
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jaciana Santos Aguiar
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Virgínia Barreto Mota
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Souza Barros
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maiara Celine Moura
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Marília Cavalcanti Coriolano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Teresinha Gonçalves Silva
- Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Daoudi A, Aarab L, Abdel-Sattar E. Screening of immunomodulatory activity of total and protein extracts of some Moroccan medicinal plants. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 29:245-53. [PMID: 22301818 DOI: 10.1177/0748233711430972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Herbal and traditional medicines are being widely used in practice in many countries for their benefits of treating different ailments. A large number of plants in Morocco were used in folk medicine to treat immune-related disorders. The objective of this study is to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of protein extracts (PEs) of 14 Moroccan medicinal plants. This activity was tested on the proliferation of immune cells. The prepared total and PEs of the plant samples were tested using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on the splenocytes with or without stimulation by concanavalin-A (Con-A), a mitogenic agent used as positive control. The results of this study indicated different activity spectra. Three groups of activities were observed. The first group represented by Citrullus colocynthis, Urtica dioica, Elettaria cardamomum, Capparis spinosa and Piper cubeba showed a significant immunosuppressive activity. The second group that showed a significant immunostimulatory activity was represented by Aristolochia longa, Datura stramonium, Marrubium vulgare, Sinapis nigra, Delphynium staphysagria, Lepidium sativum, Ammi visnaga and Tetraclinis articulata. The rest of the plant extracts did not alter the proliferation induced by Con-A. This result was more important for the PE than for the total extract. In conclusion, this study revealed an interesting immunomodulating action of certain PEs, which could explain their traditional use. The results of this study may also have implications in therapeutic treatment of infections, such as prophylactic and adjuvant with cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdeljlil Daoudi
- Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Immunology and Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Science and Technology, Fez, Morocco
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Araújo RMSD, Ferreira RDS, Napoleão TH, Carneiro-da-Cunha MDG, Coelho LCBB, Correia MTDS, Oliva MLV, Paiva PMG. Crataeva tapia bark lectin is an affinity adsorbent and insecticidal agent. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 183:20-26. [PMID: 22195573 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hemagglutinating activity has been associated to presence of lectin, carbohydrate-binding proteins. In this work Crataeva tapia bark lectin (CrataBL) was purified in milligram quantities (28 mg per g of bark) by ion exchange chromatography. The lectin was thermo-stable, ion-independent and N-terminal sequence analysis demonstrated similarity with miraculin and miraculin-like proteins (plant defensive proteins). Glycosylated nature of CrataBL was revealed using glycoprotein staining (periodic acid-Schiff's reagent), positive for polypeptides of apparent molecular masses 21 and 40 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Gel diffusion assay showed that glucose/mannose isolectins from Cratylia mollis recognized CrataBL glycan moiety. CrataBL hemagglutinating activity was inhibited by glycoproteins and CrataBL immobilized on cyanogen bromide-activated sepharose 4B (1 mL) bound 0.54 mg of glycoprotein (casein, fetuin and ovalbumin) per cycle. CrataBL was an insecticide agent against Nasutitermes corniger workers (termite that attack woods) with LC₅₀ of 0.475 mg mL⁻¹ for 6 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Maria Sousa de Araújo
- Departamento de Bioquímica-CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Salles HO, Vasconcelos IM, Santos LFL, Oliveira HD, Costa PPC, Nascimento NRF, Santos CF, Sousa DF, Jorge ARC, Menezes DB, Monteiro HSA, Gondim DMF, Oliveira JTA. Towards a better understanding of Ipomoea asarifolia toxicity: evidence of the involvement of a leaf lectin. Toxicon 2011; 58:502-8. [PMID: 21878348 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural intoxication of livestock by ingestion of Ipomoea asarifolia leaves has been reported to occur widely in Brazil. Previous studies carried out by our research group provided strong evidence that a lectin could be involved with the toxic properties of I. asarifolia. To reinforce this hypothesis, a lectin-enriched fraction (LEF) was isolated from I. asarifolia leaves and its toxic effects were assessed. Leaves of I. asarifolia were excised from plants growing widely in the field, mechanically wounded and maintained in a chamber at 25 ± 3 °C for 72h in the dark, under near 100% relative humidity. The leaf proteins were extracted, ammonium sulfate precipitated, chromatographed on DEAE-cellulose and Phenyl-Sepharose to produce LEF that under SDS-PAGE showed a molecular mass of 44.0 kDa and after N-terminal amino acid analysis a primary sequence composed of AGYTPVLDIGAEVLAAGEPY. The in vivo toxicity of LEF assessed by intraorbital injection in mice showed induced severe uncoordinated movements without death. LEF reduced the muscular contraction in a dose depend way and at 29.8 μg/mL (CE(50)) it produces 50% inhibition of contraction, suggesting that LEF blunts autonomic neurotransmission. Isolated rat kidneys were perfused with LEF and no effects on the perfusion pressure or renal vascular resistance were observed, but urinary flow and glomerular filtration rate increased. Moreover, the percentage of tubular transport of Na(+), K(+) and Cl(-) decreased. Histological examination of the kidneys perfused with LEF exhibited little alterations. These toxic effects observed above were concomitant with the increase of LEF hemagglutination activity, which strongly suggest that one of the toxic principles of I. asarifolia is a lectin present in its leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- H O Salles
- Embrapa Caprinos e Ovinos, PO Box 145, 62010-970, Sobral, CE, Brazil
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The Combination of Lectin Affinity Chromatography, Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry in the Study of Plant Glycoproteome: Preliminary Insights. Chromatographia 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-010-1846-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Immobilized Cratylia mollis lectin: An affinity matrix to purify a soybean (Glycine max) seed protein with in vitro platelet antiaggregation and anticoagulant activities. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2010.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Earl STH, Robson J, Trabi M, de Jersey J, Masci PP, Lavin MF. Characterisation of a mannose-binding C-type lectin from Oxyuranus scutellatus snake venom. Biochimie 2010; 93:519-27. [PMID: 21115100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2010.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectins are calcium-dependent sugar binding proteins and are distributed ubiquitously amongst vertebrate organisms. As part of a wider study on Australian snake venom components, we have identified and characterised a C-type lectin from the venom of Oxyuranus scutellatus (Australian coastal taipan) with mannose-binding activity. This protein exhibited a subunit molecular mass of 15 kDa and was found to bind mannose and also bind to and agglutinate erythrocytes in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. cDNA transcripts coding for C-lectin proteins were cloned and sequenced from six Australian elapid snake species and an antibody generated against the O. scutellatus mannose-binding C-lectin identified C-lectin proteins in the venom of 13 Australian elapid snakes by immunoblotting. Experimental evidence and molecular modelling also suggest that this protein exhibits a unique dimeric structure. This is the first confirmed example of a snake venom C-lectin with mannose-binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T H Earl
- The Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
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Piacentini E, Drioli E, Giorno L. Preparation of stimulus responsive multiple emulsions by membrane emulsification using con a as biochemical sensor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 108:913-23. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Revised: 10/07/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sobral APV, Rego MJBM, Cavalacanti CLB, Carvalho LB, Beltrão EIC. ConA and UEA-I lectin histochemistry of parotid gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma. J Oral Sci 2010; 52:49-54. [PMID: 20339232 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.52.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) corresponds to 5-12% of all salivary gland tumours, and is classified as low, intermediate or high grade. Traditionally, immunohistochemistry was considered as the complementary tool for diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasia. Lectin histochemistry has also been increasingly used in recent years. In this work, lectins were used as histochemical markers for normal and transformed parotid glands. Biopsy specimens of 15 cases diagnosed as MEC (low, intermediate and high grade) of the parotid gland were trypsin- and methanol-H(2)O(2)-treated and incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated lectins, Concanavalin A (Con A-HRP) and Ulex europeus I (UEA-I-HRP). Con A stained the neoplasic cells of MEC (all grades). In high and intermediate cases, ductal cells were weakly stained by Con A. UEA-I weakly stained normal cells of the excretory duct and neoplasic cells in high grade. Neoplasic cells in intermediate grade were moderately stained and in low grade, the cell membrane was intensely stained with UEA-I. Stroma presented a direct relation between malignancy and staining intensity for UEA-I. The results indicated that lectin histochemistry distinguished the cell biology among histological grades of MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula V Sobral
- Keizo Asami Immunopathology Laboratory (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Brazil.
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Liu J, Zhang L, Wang C, Xu H, Zhao X. Preparation and characterization of lectin-conjugated chitosan fluorescent nanoparticles. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2010; 6:954-7. [DOI: 10.1039/b927040j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Campos LM, Cavalcanti CLB, Lima-Filho JL, Carvalho LB, Beltrão EIC. Acridinium ester conjugated to lectin as chemiluminescent histochemistry marker. Biomarkers 2008; 11:480-4. [PMID: 16966164 DOI: 10.1080/13547500600742169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell differentiation/dedifferentiation includes changes in oligosaccharide composition and distribution in the cell surface glycoconjugates. Lectins have been used as auxiliary tools in histopathological diagnosis of mammary, uterus and brain pathologies. Acridinium ester (AE) conjugated to biomolecules has been employed in chemiluminescent analytical applications. This work aimed to use a lectin, concanavalin A (Con A), conjugated to AE as a chemiluminescent histochemistry tool. Biopsies of normal and infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC) of mammary tissues were treated by a Con A-AE derivative. Photon emission, observed during the breakage of the chemical bound between Con A and AE, was quantified, expressed in relative light units (RLU) and correlated to the labelling of the normal and transformed tissues. The results demonstrated that RLU presented a linear relationship with the labelled tissue area in the range 0.125-1.0 cm2 (r=0.98). Furthermore, RLU was much higher for the IDC (1283.920x103+/-220.621x103) than the normal tissue (2.565x103+/-0.247x103), namely, about 500 times higher. The Con A-AE conjugation efficiency, differential staining of normal and IDC tissues, and quantification of results contribute to a decrease in the subjectivity in routine histopathological diagnoses and indicate that acrydinum ester can join other lectin marker to be used in histochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Campos
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Larsen K, Thygesen MB, Guillaumie F, Willats WGT, Jensen KJ. Solid-phase chemical tools for glycobiology. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:1209-34. [PMID: 16716275 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2006] [Revised: 04/25/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Techniques involving solid supports have played crucial roles in the development of genomics, proteomics, and in molecular biology in general. Similarly, methods for immobilization or attachment to surfaces and resins have become ubiquitous in sequencing, synthesis, analysis, and screening of oligonucleotides, peptides, and proteins. However, solid-phase tools have been employed to a much lesser extent in glycobiology and glycomics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of solid-phase chemical tools for glycobiology including methodologies and applications. We provide a broad perspective of different approaches, including some well-established ones, such as immobilization in microtiter plates and to cross-linked polymers. Emerging areas such as glycan microarrays and glycan sequencing, quantum dots, and gold nanoparticles for nanobioscience applications are also discussed. The applications reviewed here include enzymology, immunology, elucidation of biosynthesis, and systems biology, as well as first steps toward solid-supported sequencing. From these methods and applications emerge a general vision for the use of solid-phase chemical tools in glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Larsen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Section for Bioorganic Chemistry, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Goh KK, Haisman RD, Singh H. Examination of Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Using Confocal Laser Scanning and Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques. J Food Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb07192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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