1
|
Guidetti F, Arribas AJ, Sartori G, Spriano F, Barnabei L, Tarantelli C, Von Roemeling R, Martinez E, Zucca E, Bertoni F. Targeting IRAK4 with Emavusertib in Lymphoma Models with Secondary Resistance to PI3K and BTK Inhibitors. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020399. [PMID: 36675328 PMCID: PMC9864368 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) represent a recognized option for the treatment of patients affected by indolent B cell lymphomas. However, small molecules as single agents show limited success in their ability in inducing complete responses, with only partial remission achieved in most patients, suggesting the need for combination therapies. IRAK4 is a protein kinase downstream of the Toll-like receptor signaling (TLR), a driver pathway of secondary tumor° resistance in both hematological and solid tumor malignancies. Activation of IRAK4 upon TLRs and IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) stimulation and through the adaptor protein MYD88 initiates a signaling cascade that induces cytokine and survival factor expression mediated by the transcription factor NF-κB. MYD88-L265P encoding mutations occur in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, in lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas and in few marginal zone lymphomas (MZL). The IRAK4 inhibitor emavusertib (CA-4948) has shown early safety and clinical activity in lymphoma and leukemia patients. In this preclinical study, we assessed emavusertib effectiveness in MZL, both as single agent and in combination with targeted agents, with a particular focus on its capability to overcome resistance to BTK and PI3K inhibitors. We showed that the presence of MYD88 L265P mutation in bona fide MZL cell lines confers sensitivity to the IRAK4 inhibitor emavusertib as single agent. Emavusertib-based combinations improved the sensitivity of MZL cells to BTK and PI3K inhibitors, including cells with a secondary resistance to these agents. Emavusertib exerted its activity via inhibition of NF-κB signaling and induction of apoptosis. Considering the early safety data from clinical trials, our study identifies the IRAK4 inhibitor emavusertib as a novel compound to be explored in trials for patients with MYD88-mutated indolent B cell lymphomas as single agent and as combination partner with BTK or PI3K inhibitors in unselected populations of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Guidetti
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alberto J. Arribas
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giulio Sartori
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Spriano
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Laura Barnabei
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Tarantelli
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Emanuele Zucca
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-58-666-7206
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yin Y, Athanasiadis P, Karlsen L, Urban A, Xu H, Murali I, Fernandes SM, Arribas AJ, Hilli AK, Taskén K, Bertoni F, Mato AR, Normant E, Brown JR, Tjønnfjord GE, Aittokallio T, Skånland SS. Functional Testing to Characterize and Stratify PI3K Inhibitor Responses in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4444-4455. [PMID: 35998013 PMCID: PMC9588626 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PI3K inhibitors (PI3Ki) are approved for relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although patients may show an initial response to these therapies, development of treatment intolerance or resistance remain clinical challenges. To overcome these, prediction of individual treatment responses based on actionable biomarkers is needed. Here, we characterized the activity and cellular effects of 10 PI3Ki and investigated whether functional analyses can identify treatment vulnerabilities in PI3Ki-refractory/intolerant CLL and stratify responders to PI3Ki. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples (n = 51 in total) from treatment-naïve and PI3Ki-treated patients with CLL were studied. Cells were profiled against 10 PI3Ki and the Bcl-2 antagonist venetoclax. Cell signaling and immune phenotypes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell viability was monitored by detection of cleaved caspase-3 and the CellTiter-Glo assay. RESULTS pan-PI3Kis were most effective at inhibiting PI3K signaling and cell viability, and showed activity in CLL cells from both treatment-naïve and idelalisib-refractory/intolerant patients. CLL cells from idelalisib-refractory/intolerant patients showed overall reduced protein phosphorylation levels. The pan-PI3Ki copanlisib, but not the p110δ inhibitor idelalisib, inhibited PI3K signaling in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in addition to CD19+ B cells, but did not significantly affect T-cell numbers. Combination treatment with a PI3Ki and venetoclax resulted in synergistic induction of apoptosis. Analysis of drug sensitivities to 73 drug combinations and profiling of 31 proteins stratified responders to idelalisib and umbralisib, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest novel treatment vulnerabilities in idelalisib-refractory/intolerant CLL, and indicate that ex vivo functional profiling may stratify PI3Ki responders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Yin
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Paschalis Athanasiadis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology (OCBE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda Karlsen
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aleksandra Urban
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Haifeng Xu
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology (OCBE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ishwarya Murali
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stacey M. Fernandes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alberto J. Arribas
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Abdul K. Hilli
- Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Institute of Oncology Research, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jennifer R. Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Geir E. Tjønnfjord
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology (OCBE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sigrid S. Skånland
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Higuchi T, Hashida Y, Taniguchi A, Kamioka M, Daibata M. Differential gene expression profiling linked to tumor progression of splenic marginal zone lymphoma. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11026. [PMID: 28887496 PMCID: PMC5591298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic events that lead to aggressive transformation of cases of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) after the chronic clinical stage have not been well understood. We aimed to find candidate genes associated with aggressive features of SMZL. We have successfully established two SMZL cell lines, designated SL-15 and SL-22, derived from the same patient's tumor clone in chronic and aggressive phases, respectively. Microarray analysis identified cell cycle-associated genes-specifically PLK1-as the most significantly upregulated in primary aggressive SMZL cells compared with cells from chronic phase. EPHA4 and MS4A1 (CD20) were found to be downregulated dramatically. These gene expression patterns were reproduced in both cell lines. Genetic knockdown of PLK1 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in SL-22 cells, which expressed higher levels of PLK1 than SL-15 cells. SL-22 cells needed higher concentrations of chemical PLK1 inhibitors to achieve greater effects. In addition, we found homozygous deletion of the MS4A1 gene as a newly identified molecular mechanism of CD20-negative conversion. Our findings are expected to stimulate further studies on whether PLK1 could be a potential therapeutic target for this tumor. Furthermore, cases with CD20-negatively converted lymphomas should be screened for the genomic loss of MS4A1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Higuchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yumiko Hashida
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Ayuko Taniguchi
- Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Mikio Kamioka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alkebsi L, Handa H, Yokohama A, Saitoh T, Tsukamoto N, Murakami H. Chromosome 16q genes CDH1, CDH13 and ADAMTS18 are correlated and frequently methylated in human lymphoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3523-3530. [PMID: 27900031 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The products of the E-cadherin (CDH1), H-cadherin (CDH13) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 18 (ADAMTS18) genes are proteins displaying structural features and functions on the cell surface membrane, and have been reported to be involved in cancer progression. Using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis, the promoter methylation status and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of CDH1, CDH13 and ADAMTS18, which are putative tumor-suppressor genes located on chromosome 16q, were evaluated. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) 1, 3A and 3B were examined, and the correlations among the different parameters analyzed were studied in 36 lymphomas and 16 non-malignant lymphoid tissue samples. A significant positive correlation was identified between the expression levels of CDH1 and CDH13 (r=0.735, P<0.01). ADAMTS18 expression also exhibited a significant positive correlation with both CDH1 and CDH13 mRNA expression levels (r=0.625, P<0.01; and r=0.720, P<0.01, respectively). Our results indicated that CDH1, CDH13 and ADAMTS18, which are localized on chromosome 16q, are remarkably correlated and frequently methylated in human lymphomas, and their methylation could not be explained solely by the mRNA expression level of DNMTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Alkebsi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yokohama
- Blood Transfusion Service, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takayuki Saitoh
- Oncology Center, Gunma University Hospital, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | | | - Hirokazu Murakami
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fresquet V, Robles EF, Parker A, Martinez-Useros J, Mena M, Malumbres R, Agirre X, Catarino S, Arteta D, Osaba L, Mollejo M, Hernandez-Rivas JM, Calasanz MJ, Daibata M, Dyer MJ, Prosper F, Vizcarra E, Piris MÁ, Oscier D, Martinez-Climent JA. High-throughput sequencing analysis of the chromosome 7q32 deletion reveals IRF5 as a potential tumour suppressor in splenic marginal-zone lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2012; 158:712-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09226.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Fresquet
- Division of Oncology; Centre for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona; Spain
| | - Eloy F. Robles
- Division of Oncology; Centre for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona; Spain
| | - Anton Parker
- Department of Haematology; Royal Bournemouth Hospital; Bournemouth; UK
| | - Javier Martinez-Useros
- Division of Oncology; Centre for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona; Spain
| | - Maria Mena
- Division of Oncology; Centre for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona; Spain
| | - Raquel Malumbres
- Division of Oncology; Centre for Applied Medical Research; University of Navarra; Pamplona; Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Manuela Mollejo
- Department of Genetics and Pathology; Hospital Virgen de la Salud; Toledo; Spain
| | - Jesus M. Hernandez-Rivas
- Department of Haematology; Hospital Universitario de Salamanca and IBMCC; Centre for Cancer Research; University of Salamanca; Salamanca; Spain
| | | | - Masanori Daibata
- Department of Microbiology and Infection; Kochi Medical School; Kochi; Japan
| | - Martin J.S. Dyer
- Department of Haematology and MRC Kochi Toxicology Unit; University of Leicester; Leicester; UK
| | | | | | - Miguel-Ángel Piris
- Department of Pathology; Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla; Santander; Spain
| | - David Oscier
- Department of Haematology; Royal Bournemouth Hospital; Bournemouth; UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Daibata M, Taguchi T, Nemoto Y, Iwasaki S, Ohtsuki Y, Taguchi H. In vitro Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized lymphoma cell line carrying t(9;14)(p13;q32) chromosome abnormality, derived from splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes. Int J Cancer 2006; 118:513-7. [PMID: 16049984 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.21348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes (SLVL) carrying t(9;14)(p13;q32). The t(9;14)(p13;q32) is a rare reciprocal chromosome translocation found in a subset of B-cell malignancies, mainly in low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In t(9;14)(p13;q32), PAX-5 gene on 9p13 is involved with the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene on 14q32. It has been thought that the deregulated expression of PAX-5 as a result of t(9;14)(p13;q32) may contribute to abnormal cell proliferation. Although continuous cell lines are invaluable tools for studying lymphomagenesis in the t(9;14)(p13;q32)-bearing lymphomas, establishment of such cell lines is extremely difficult since they are usually mature B-cell malignancies. In an attempt to transform the SLVL cells into a proliferating cell line, we examined the responses of the cells to infection by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). SLVL cells were found to be susceptible to immortalization by EBV, resulting in a permanent cell line. The cell line, designated SL-15, possessed the t(9;14)(p13;q32). Genotype analysis and immunophenotype profiles confirmed that the cell line arose from the primary lymphoma cells. The cells had characteristic cytoplasmic villi. SL-15 cells has been growing over 2 years equivalent to 350-400 population doubling levels without proliferative crisis that is often observed in EBV-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines. Furthermore, SL-15 cells, when inoculated into nude mice, formed t(9;14)(p13;q32)-bearing tumors with cytoplasmic villi. The validated SLVL-derived cell line provide a useful model system to study molecular biology of t(9;14)(p13;q32)-bearing B-cell malignancies as well as lymphomagenesis of SLVL in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
- Female
- Genotype
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Lymphocytes/ultrastructure
- Lymphoma/genetics
- Lymphoma/virology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- PAX5 Transcription Factor/genetics
- PAX5 Transcription Factor/physiology
- Splenic Neoplasms/genetics
- Splenic Neoplasms/virology
- Translocation, Genetic
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Daibata
- Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nakayama K, Inokuchi K, Dan K. Hypermethylation of the putative tumor-suppressor genes DCC, p51/63 and O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and loss of their expressions in cell lines of hematological malignancies. J NIPPON MED SCH 2005; 72:270-7. [PMID: 16247226 DOI: 10.1272/jnms.72.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alterations and defective expression of three putative tumor-suppressor genes, the deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC), p51, and O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), have been demonstrated in many cancers. However, it is not known whether the defective expression of each of these genes is independent or whether it reflects a specific methylation abnormality. Here, we investigated the expression of the DCC, p51 and MGMT genes and the methylation status of the 5' flanking CpG region in 17 cell lines established from hematological malignancies. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method showed DCC expression to be absent in 13 of the 17 cell lines and showed expression of both p51 and MGMT to be absent in 5 of the 17 cell lines. The methylation patterns were analyzed with methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) of the 5'flanking region of the DCC and p51 genes and the promoter region of the MGMT gene. Although unmethylated patterns of the CpG region in the DCC, p51, and MGMT genes were observed in all 11 normal controls, abnormal methylation patterns of these genes were found even in many cell lines expressing these genes. A hypermethylation pattern was detected for the CpG region of MGMT and p51 in cells that did not express these genes. In contrast, a hypermethylation pattern was not always detected for the CpG region of DCC in cells with reduced DCC expression. The results of this study indicate that in many hematological cell lines, the DCC, p51, and MGMT genes have been abnormally methylated in the CpG region. Hypermethylation of these three genes may be independent events in each cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Nakayama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yamaguchi H, Inokuchi K, Sakuma Y, Dan K. Mutation of the p51/p63 gene is associated with blastic crisis in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leukemia 2001; 15:1729-34. [PMID: 11681414 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The p51/p63 gene, a novel member of the p53 gene family, has recently been identified at 3q27-9. There are at least six major isotypes of p51/p63 mRNA transcripts. p51A/TAp63gamma has the potential to induce apoptosis and growth suppression in a manner similar to p53, and other isotypes may suppress the p53 and p51A1TAp63gamma genes in a dominant-negative manner. We analyzed the mutation and expression of the p51/p63 gene in 80 cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) to evaluate its role in blastic transformation. Expression of the p51/p63 gene was detected in 74 cases. The alpha isotype of p51/p63 transcripts was dominantly expressed in 72 of these 74 cases. There was no correlation between the isotypes of p51/p63 transcripts and the clinical phase. Mutations of the p51/p63 gene were found in six cases. All these mutated cases expressed p51B/TAp63 alpha. In four of the six cases, the mutations were within a limited region (codon 151-170) corresponding to the DNA-binding domain. We hypothesized that this limited region is a hot spot for mutation of the p51/p63 gene. Mutations of the p53 gene were found in four cases of CML in blastic crisis (BC). Frequencies of the p51/p63 and p53 gene mutations were higher in BC (p51/p63 gene, 11.8%; p53 gene, 7.8%) than in the chronic phase (p51/p63 gene, 1.5%; p53 gene, 0%). The p51/p63 gene mutation may act similarly to the p53 gene mutation as a genetic alteration potentially responsible for the progression of CML.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Female
- Genes, Tumor Suppressor
- Genes, p53
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Male
- Membrane Proteins
- Middle Aged
- Mutation
- Phosphoproteins/biosynthesis
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
- Protein Isoforms/biosynthesis
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/biosynthesis
- Trans-Activators/biosynthesis
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Transcription Factors
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yamaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sueoka N, Inokuchi K, Nishigaki H, Futaki M, Inokuchi M, Sugisaki Y, Dan K, Wakabayashi I. Genotype configuration in a case of primary gastric lymphoma with T-cell phenotype. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1998; 101:103-8. [PMID: 9494610 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(97)00265-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
T-cell malignant lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract is rare. The genotype of gastric T-cell lymphoma remains unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the pathogenesis of a case of primary gastric T-cell lymphoma by using cytogenetics and molecular biology. Gastric biopsy specimens and lymphoma cells in the ascites were examined by immunocytology, cytogenetic analysis, and Southern blot analysis. The histological diagnosis of the gastric lymphoma was diffuse large cell type. T-cell markers were positive in immunocytochemistry of the gastric lymphoma cells and in FACS analysis of lymphoma cells in the ascites. All lymphoma cells in the ascites had complex abnormal karyotypes containing t(8;14)(q24;q32). Southern blot analysis revealed rearrangement of the IgH and C-MYC genes of the lymphoma cells in both the stomach and the ascites, but no comigration of the C-MYC with the JH locus could be detected. The TCR-beta and -gamma genes were in their germ-line configurations. In this patient, although the phenotype was T-cell lymphoma, the karyotype t(8;14)(q24;q32) and genotype had the characteristics of B-cell lymphoma. The unique B-cell genotype configuration and the C-MYC activation suggested that the cellular origin of this rare case of malignant lymphoma with a T-cell phenotype was quite immature lymphocytes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antigens, Surface/analysis
- Ascitic Fluid/chemistry
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
- Fatal Outcome
- Genes, T-Cell Receptor/genetics
- Genes, myc
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Karyotyping
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/chemistry
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Male
- Stomach Neoplasms/chemistry
- Stomach Neoplasms/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Sueoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|