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Yang X, Shu Y, Cao S, Sun H, Zhang X, Zhang A, Li Y, Ma D, Chen H, Li W. Trehalase Inhibitor Validamycin May Have Additional Mechanisms of Toxicology against Rhizoctonia cerealis. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:846. [PMID: 37623617 PMCID: PMC10455246 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sharp eyespot is a crucial disease affecting cereal plants, such as bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), and is primarily caused by the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis. As disease severity has increased, it has become imperative to find an effective and reasonable control strategy. One such strategy is the use of the trehalose analog, validamycin, which has been shown to have a potent inhibitory effect on several trehalases found in both insects and fungi, and is widely used as a fungicide in agriculture. In this study, we demonstrated that 0.5 μg/mL validamycin on PDA plates had an inhibitory effect on R. cerealis strain R0301, but had no significant impact on Fusarium graminearum strain PH-1. Except for its inhibiting the trehalase activity of pathogenic fungi, little is known about its mechanism of action. Six trehalase genes were identified in the genome of R. cerealis, including one neutral trehalase and five acidic trehalase genes. Enzyme activity assays indicated that treatment with 5 μg/mL validamycin significantly reduces trehalase activity, providing evidence that validamycin treatment does indeed affect trehalase, even though the expression levels of most trehalase genes, except Rc17406, were not obviously affected. Transcriptome analysis revealed that treatment with validamycin downregulated genes involved in metabolic processes, ribosome biogenesis, and pathogenicity in the R. cerealis. KEGG pathway analysis further showed that validamycin affected genes related to the MAPK signaling pathway, with a significant decrease in ribosome synthesis and assembly. In conclusion, our results indicated that validamycin not only inhibits trehalose activity, but also affects the ribosome synthesis and MAPK pathways of R. cerealis, leading to the suppression of fungal growth and pesticidal effects. This study provides novel insights into the mechanism of action of validamycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yan Shu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shulin Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Aixiang Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Dongfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Huaigu Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Centre for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Demir E, Kansız S, Doğan M, Topel Ö, Akkoyunlu G, Kandur MY, Turna Demir F. Hazard Assessment of the Effects of Acute and Chronic Exposure to Permethrin, Copper Hydroxide, Acephate, and Validamycin Nanopesticides on the Physiology of Drosophila: Novel Insights into the Cellular Internalization and Biological Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169121. [PMID: 36012388 PMCID: PMC9408976 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New insights into the interactions between nanopesticides and edible plants are required in order to elucidate their impacts on human health and agriculture. Nanopesticides include formulations consisting of organic/inorganic nanoparticles. Drosophila melanogaster has become a powerful model in genetic research thanks to its genetic similarity to mammals. This project mainly aimed to generate new evidence for the toxic/genotoxic properties of different nanopesticides (a nanoemulsion (permethrin nanopesticides, 20 ± 5 nm), an inorganic nanoparticle as an active ingredient (copper(II) hydroxide [Cu(OH)2] nanopesticides, 15 ± 6 nm), a polymer-based nanopesticide (acephate nanopesticides, 55 ± 25 nm), and an inorganic nanoparticle associated with an organic active ingredient (validamycin nanopesticides, 1177 ± 220 nm)) and their microparticulate forms (i.e., permethrin, copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O), acephate, and validamycin) widely used against agricultural pests, while also showing the merits of using Drosophila—a non-target in vivo eukaryotic model organism—in nanogenotoxicology studies. Significant biological effects were noted at the highest doses of permethrin (0.06 and 0.1 mM), permethrin nanopesticides (1 and 2.5 mM), CuSO4·5H2O (1 and 5 mM), acephate and acephate nanopesticides (1 and 5 mM, respectively), and validamycin and validamycin nanopesticides (1 and 2.5 mM, respectively). The results demonstrating the toxic/genotoxic potential of these nanopesticides through their impact on cellular internalization and gene expression represent significant contributions to future nanogenotoxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eşref Demir
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya 07190, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-242-245-0088; Fax: +90-242-245-0100
| | - Seyithan Kansız
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara University, Ankara 07100, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Doğan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kırklareli University, Kırklareli 39100, Turkey
| | - Önder Topel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Akkoyunlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yusuf Kandur
- Industrial Biotechnology and Systems Biology Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, İstanbul 34854, Turkey
| | - Fatma Turna Demir
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya 07190, Turkey
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Bian C, Duan Y, Wang J, Xiu Q, Wang J, Hou Y, Song X, Zhou M. Validamycin A Induces Broad-Spectrum Resistance Involving Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid/Ethylene Signaling Pathways. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:1424-1437. [PMID: 32815479 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-20-0211-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Validamycin A (VMA) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control rice sheath blight. Although it has been reported that VMA can induce the plant defense responses, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were induced by VMA and were most intense with 10 μg of VMA per milliliter at 24 h. Moreover, we showed that VMA induced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves, indicating that VMA induces broad-spectrum disease resistance in both dicots and monocots. In addition, VMA-mediated resistance against P. syringae was not induced in NahG transgenic plants, was partially decreased in npr1 mutants, and VMA-mediated resistance to B. cinerea was not induced in npr1, jar1, and ein2 mutants. These results strongly indicated that VMA triggers plant defense responses to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens involved in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET) signaling pathways and is dependent on NPR1. In addition, transcriptome analysis further revealed that VMA regulated the expression of genes involved in SA, JA/ET, abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin signal pathways. Taken together, VMA induces systemic resistance involving in SA and JA/ET signaling pathways and also exerts a positive influence on ABA and auxin signaling pathways. Our study highlights the creative application of VMA in triggering plant defense responses against plant pathogens, providing a valuable insight into applying VMA to enhance plant resistance and reduce the use of chemical pesticides.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Bian
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jueyu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian Xiu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiushi Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Li J, Duan Y, Bian C, Pan X, Yao C, Wang J, Zhou M. Effects of validamycin in controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum: Inhibition of DON biosynthesis and induction of host resistance. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 153:152-160. [PMID: 30744889 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Validamycin, known to interfere with fungal energy metabolism by inhibiting trehalase, has been extensively used to control plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonia spp. However, the effect of validamycin on controlling Fusarium graminearum has not been previously reported. In this study, when applied to F. graminearum in vitro, validamycin inhibited the synthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), which is a mycotoxin and virulence factor, by decreasing trehalase activity and the production of glucose and pyruvate, which are precursors of DON biosynthesis. Because FgNTH encodes the main trehalase in F. graminearum, these effects were nullified in the FgNTH deletion mutant ΔFgNTH but restored in the complemented strain ΔFgNTHC. In addition, validamycin also increased the expression of pathogenesis-related genes (PRs) PR1, PR2, and PR5 in wheat, inducing resistance responses of wheat against F. graminearum. Therefore, validamycin exhibits dual efficacies on controlling Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by F. graminearum: inhibition of DON biosynthesis and induction of host resistance. In addition, field trials further confirmed that validamycin increased FHB control and reduced DON contamination in grain. Control of FHB and DON contamination by validamycin increased when the antibiotic was applied with the triazole fungicide metconazole. Overall, this study is a successful case from foundational research to applied research, providing useful information for wheat protection programs against toxigenic fungi responsible for FHB and the consequent mycotoxin accumulation in grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chuanhong Bian
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiayan Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chengjie Yao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. N. Armentrout
- Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768
| | - A. J. Downer
- Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768
| | - S. T. Nameth
- Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768
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Baldrian P, Gabriel J. Intraspecific variability in growth response to cadmium of the wood-rotting fungusPiptoporus betulinus. Mycologia 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15572536.2003.11833208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiří Gabriel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of the Wood-rotting Fungi, Institute of Microbiology AS CR, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Impact of temperature stress and validamycin A on compatible solutes and fumonisin production in F. verticillioides: role of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 57:1-10. [PMID: 23751979 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium verticillioides is a pathogen of maize that causes root, stalk and ear rot and produces fumonisins, toxic secondary metabolites associated with disease in livestock and humans. Environmental stresses such as heat and drought influence disease severity and toxin production, but the effects of abiotic stress on compatible solute production by F. verticillioides have not been fully characterized. We found that decreasing the growth temperature leads to a long-term reduction in polyol levels, whereas increasing the temperature leads to a transient increase in polyols. The effects of temperature shifts on trehalose levels are opposite the effects on polyols and more dramatic. Treatment with validamycin A, a trehalose analog with antifungal activity, leads to a rapid reduction in trehalose levels, despite its known role as a trehalase inhibitor. Mutant strains lacking TPS1, which encodes a putative trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, have altered growth characteristics, do not produce detectable amounts of trehalose under any condition tested, and accumulate glycogen at levels significantly higher than wild-type F. verticillioides. TPS1 mutants also produce significantly less fumonisin than wild type and are also less pathogenic than wild type on maize. These data link trehalose biosynthesis, secondary metabolism, and disease, and suggest that trehalose metabolic pathways may be a viable target for the control of Fusarium diseases and fumonisin contamination of maize.
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Preparation and characterization of nano-sized calcium carbonate as controlled release pesticide carrier for validamycin against Rhizoctonia solani. Mikrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-010-0523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yamada S, Cao J, Sumita O, Kurasawa K, Kurata H, Oh K, Matsuoka H. Automatic antifungal activity analyzing system on the basis of dynamic growth process of a single hypha. Mycopathologia 1992; 118:65-9. [PMID: 1435944 DOI: 10.1007/bf00442533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A system for the evaluation of antifungal activity of volatile compounds has been developed that is based on dynamic growth of a single hypha. The newly developed system is composed of a reaction vessel under a microscope, automatic stage, charge coupled device (CCD) camera, TV monitor, video tape recorder (VTR), and a microcomputer. A fungus was inoculated in the reaction vessel containing agar medium and then was treated with an antifungal reagent in the gas phase either in batch or flow reaction manner. The apex of a growing hypha displayed on a TV monitor was followed automatically. From the ratio of the growth rate under exposure of a reagent (UEXPO) to the growth rate before the exposure (UPRE), the antifungal activity was expressed quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamada
- Research and Development Division, Bio-Giken Inc., Tokyo, Japan
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Robson GD, Kuhn PJ, Trinci AP. Antagonism by sugars of the effects of validamycin A on growth and morphology of Rhizoctonia cerealis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0953-7562(09)81002-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jejelowo OA, Epton H, Trinci AP. Effects of paramorphogens and 2-deoxy-d-glucose on development of lesions of Botrytis fabae on Vicia faba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-1536(88)80042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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