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Goyal Y, Koul A, Ranawat P. Ellagic acid modulates cisplatin toxicity in DMH induced colorectal cancer: Studies on membrane alterations. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 31:101319. [PMID: 35990576 PMCID: PMC9386026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic toxicity due to chemotherapy contributes to poor prognosis in patients receiving chemotherapy. The present study, therefore, explores the role of Ellagic acid, a phytochemical, in modulating cisplatin (CP) toxicity in dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal cancer. Colons excised from DMH administered animals showed abnormal crypts and bulges over the mucosal surface. SEM revealed significant alterations and dysplastic lesions in DMH administered mice. Animals receiving combined treatment showed improvement in colonic epithelium with lesser irregularities. DMH and CP administration disturbed the membrane dynamics and integrity as observed with the fluorescent probes DPH and pyrene. However, EA co-supplementation with CP proved to be beneficial in normalizing the altered membrane. Ellagic acid co-supplementation along with CP; therefore, showed great promise and helped restore the membrane alterations in the colon caused due to CP-induced toxicity and DMH insult. These observations could pave way towards developing a combination therapy targeting colon carcinogenesis in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Goyal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ashwani Koul
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pavitra Ranawat
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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2
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Aloj L, Attili B, Lau D, Caraco C, Lechermann LM, Mendichovszky IA, Harper I, Cheow H, Casey RT, Sala E, Gilbert FJ, Gallagher FA. The emerging role of cell surface receptor and protein binding radiopharmaceuticals in cancer diagnostics and therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 92:53-64. [PMID: 32563612 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeting specific cell membrane markers for both diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy is a rapidly evolving field in cancer research. Some of these applications have now found a role in routine clinical practice and have been shown to have a significant impact on patient management. Several molecular targets are being investigated in ongoing clinical trials and show promise for future implementation. Advancements in molecular biology have facilitated the identification of new cancer-specific targets for radiopharmaceutical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Aloj
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Bala Attili
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Doreen Lau
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Corradina Caraco
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura M Lechermann
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Iosif A Mendichovszky
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Harper
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Heok Cheow
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth T Casey
- Department of Endocrinology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Evis Sala
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona J Gilbert
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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3
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Choi V, Rajora MA, Zheng G. Activating Drugs with Sound: Mechanisms Behind Sonodynamic Therapy and the Role of Nanomedicine. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:967-989. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Choi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, United Kingdom WC1N 1AX
| | - Maneesha A. Rajora
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - Gang Zheng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L7
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4
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Kaleağasıoğlu F, Zaharieva MM, Konstantinov SM, Berger MR. Alkylphospholipids are Signal Transduction Modulators with Potential for Anticancer Therapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:66-91. [PMID: 30318001 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181012093056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alkylphospholipids (APLs) are synthetically derived from cell membrane components, which they target and thus modify cellular signalling and cause diverse effects. This study reviews the mechanism of action of anticancer, antiprotozoal, antibacterial and antiviral activities of ALPs, as well as their clinical use. METHODS A literature search was used as the basis of this review. RESULTS ALPs target lipid rafts and alter phospholipase D and C signalling cascades, which in turn will modulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathways. By feedback coupling, the SAPK/JNK signalling chain is also affected. These changes lead to a G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and subsequently induce programmed cell death. The available knowledge on inhibition of AKT phosphorylation, mTOR phosphorylation and Raf down-regulation renders ALPs as attractive candidates for modern medical treatment, which is based on individualized diagnosis and therapy. Corresponding to their unusual profile of activities, their side effects result from cholinomimetic activity mainly and focus on the gastrointestinal tract. These aspects together with their bone marrow sparing features render APCs well suited for modern combination therapy. Although the clinical success has been limited in cancer diseases so far, the use of miltefosine against leishmaniosis is leading the way to better understanding their optimized use. CONCLUSION Recent synthetic programs generate congeners with the increased therapeutic ratio, liposomal formulations, as well as diapeutic (or theranostic) derivatives with optimized properties. It is anticipated that these innovative modifications will pave the way for the further successful development of ALPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Kaleağasıoğlu
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Maya M Zaharieva
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Infectious Microbiology, The "Stephan Angeloff" Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Spiro M Konstantinov
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Martin R Berger
- Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Suwalsky M, Castillo I, Sánchez-Eguía BN, Gallardo MJ, Dukes N, Santiago-Osorio E, Aguiñiga I, Rivera-Martínez AR. In vitro effects of benzimidazole/thioether-copper complexes with antitumor activity on human erythrocytes. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 178:87-93. [PMID: 29121535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Two cytotoxic copper(II) complexes with N-H and N-methylated benzimidazole-derived ligands (Cu-L1 and Cu-L1Me; L1=bis(2-methylbenzimidazolyl)(2-methylthioethyl)amine, L1Me=bis(1-methyl-2-methylbenzimidazolyl)(2-methylthioethyl)amine) were synthesized and exposed to human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane. The latter were bilayers built-up of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE), classes of lipids present in the external and internal moieties of the human red cell membrane, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of erythrocytes incubated with solutions of both Cu(II) complexes showed that they induced morphological changes to the normal cells to echinocytes, and hemolysis at higher concentrations. Real-time observation of the dose-dependent effects of the complexes on live erythrocytes by defocusing microscopy (DM) confirmed SEM results. The formation of echinocytes implied that complex molecules inserted into the outer moiety of the red cell membrane. X-ray diffraction studies on DMPC and DMPE showed that none of these complexes interacted with DMPE and only Cu-L1 interacted with DMPC. This difference was explained by the fact that Cu-L1Me complex is more voluminous than Cu-L1 because it has two additional methyl groups; on the other hand, DMPC molecule has three methyl groups in its bulky terminal amino end. Thus, by steric hindrance Cu-L1Me molecules cannot intercalate into DMPC bilayer, which besides is present in the gel phase. These results, together with the increased antiproliferative capacity of the N-methylated complex Cu-L1Me over that of Cu-L1 are rationalized mainly based on its higher lipophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Chile.
| | - Ivan Castillo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, CU, 04510, Mexico
| | - Brenda N Sánchez-Eguía
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, CU, 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Nathan Dukes
- Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla del 5 de Mayo y Fuerte de Loreto, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - Itzen Aguiñiga
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla del 5 de Mayo y Fuerte de Loreto, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - Ana R Rivera-Martínez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla del 5 de Mayo y Fuerte de Loreto, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
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Felipe KB, Kviecinski MR, da Silva FO, Bücker NF, Farias MS, Castro LSEPW, de Souza Grinevicius VMA, Motta NS, Correia JFG, Rossi MH, Pedrosa RC. Inhibition of tumor proliferation associated with cell cycle arrest caused by extract and fraction from Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1492-1499. [PMID: 25077466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Casearia sylvestris is a tree found in tropical America. In Brazil it is known mainly as Guaçatonga. Literature reports suggest that the leaves and other plant parts have been used by indigenous populations from South America in preparations, mainly aqueous or hydroethanolic macerations or decoctions, most times taken orally for the primary treatment of several diseases, including cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY This article reports the results of an investigation about the antiproliferative effects of Casearia sylvestris on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Aqueous ethanolic maceration and column chromatography were done to obtain a crude aqueous ethanolic extract (CAE) and a chloroform fraction (f-CHCl3). The human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was used in culture. In vitro, non-cytotoxic concentrations were determined by MTT assay and the antiproliferative effect was assessed by the colony forming unit assay using non-cytotoxic concentrations. Effects on the cell cycle were observed through flow cytometry using a propidium iodide kit. Casearin C was identified in f-CHCl3 by chromatography and H(1) nuclear magnetic resonance. The effect on some key proteins of DNA damage (phosphorylation on the histone H2AX) and cell cycle control (p53, p16, cdk2) was evaluated through immunoblot. Antiproliferative effects in vivo were measured in tumor tissue from Ehrlich ascites-bearing mice through the (3)H-thymidine uptake assay and the trypan blue exclusion method. RESULTS In vitro, EC50 values found at 24 h on MCF-7 cells were 141 µg/mL for CAE and 66 µg/mL for f-CHCl3. Inhibition on proliferation was recorded at concentrations as low as 4 µg/mL in the case of the f-CHCl3 (up to 40%) and up to 50% when CAE was added at 9 µg/mL. The cell cycle arrest was demonstrated by the reduction in terms of number of cells in phases G2/M and S, up to 38.9% and 51.9% when cells were treated with CAE, and 53.9% and 66.2%, respectively, when cells were treated with f-CHCl3. The number of cells in G1 was increased when the cells were treated with CAE (21.4%) or f-CHCl3 (27.8%). Key proteins of cell cycle control were affected. The treatments caused activation of p53, p16 and DNA damage found by the appearance of bands corresponding to γ-H2AX. The treatments caused inhibition of cdk2. CAE and particularly f-CHCl3 caused significant inhibition on tumor growth in mice (40% and 60%, respectively). Uptake of (3)H-thymidine, thus proliferation was reduced in tumor cells from mice treated with CAE (>30%) or f-CHCl3 (up to 50%) compared to cells from control animals. Data from the trypan blue assay indicating a lower number of tumor cells in treated animals. From the overall, data from this study are in line with the traditional claims for the antitumor effect of Casearia sylvestris. CONCLUSIONS This investigation suggests that whether the extracts from Casearia sylvestris are cytotoxic at high concentrations, lower concentrations have antiproliferative effect and could be useful to complement conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, and should be evaluated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Bettega Felipe
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maicon Roberto Kviecinski
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Grupo de Desenvolvimento em Tecnologia Farmacêutica (TECFARMA) da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ourique da Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nádia Falcão Bücker
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mirelle Sinfroni Farias
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nadia Sandrini Motta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Gomes Correia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Chung TW, Choi HJ, Kim SJ, Kwak CH, Song KH, Jin UH, Chang YC, Chang HW, Lee YC, Ha KT, Kim CH. The ganglioside GM3 is associated with cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92786. [PMID: 24829158 PMCID: PMC4020741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, CDDP) is a well-known chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of several cancers. However, the precise mechanism underlying apoptosis of cancer cells induced by CDDP remains unclear. In this study, we show mechanistically that CDDP induces GM3-mediated apoptosis of HCT116 cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, and increasing DNA fragmentation and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis signals. CDDP induced apoptosis within cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulated the ROS-mediated expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and p53, and induced the degradation of the poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase (PARP). We also checked expression levels of different gangliosides in HCT116 cells in the presence or absence of CDDP. Interestingly, among the gangliosides, CDDP augmented the expression of only GM3 synthase and its product GM3. Reduction of the GM3 synthase level through ectopic expression of GM3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) rescued HCT116 cells from CDDP-induced apoptosis. This was evidenced by inhibition of apoptotic signals by reducing ROS production through the regulation of 12-lipoxigenase activity. Furthermore, the apoptotic sensitivity to CDDP was remarkably increased in GM3 synthase-transfected HCT116 cells compared to that in controls. In addition, GM3 synthase-transfected cells treated with CDDP exhibited an increased accumulation of intracellular ROS. These results suggest the CDDP-induced oxidative apoptosis of HCT116 cells is mediated by GM3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Wook Chung
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Choi
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Jo Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Hwan Kwak
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ho Song
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Un-Ho Jin
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Chae Chang
- Research Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun Wook Chang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Kyungsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Choon Lee
- Faculty of Medicinal Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan City, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (CHK); (KTH)
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (CHK); (KTH)
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8
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Sancho-Martínez SM, Prieto-García L, Prieto M, López-Novoa JM, López-Hernández FJ. Subcellular targets of cisplatin cytotoxicity: An integrated view. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:35-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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9
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Fowers KD, Kopeček J. Targeting of multidrug-resistant human ovarian carcinoma cells with anti-P-glycoprotein antibody conjugates. Macromol Biosci 2012; 12:502-14. [PMID: 22278817 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (mAb) to P-glycoprotein (Pgp), UIC2, is used as a targeting moiety for N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer/drug [(meso chlorin e(6) mono(N-2-aminoethylamide) (Mce(6)) or doxorubicin (DOX)] conjugates to investigate their cytotoxicity towards the Pgp-expressing human ovarian carcinoma cell line A2780/AD. The binding, internalization, and subcellular trafficking of a fluorescein labeled UIC2 targeted HPMA copolymer are studied and show localization to the plasma membrane with limited internalization. The specificity of the UIC2-targeted HPMA copolymer/drug conjugates are confirmed using the sensitive cell line A2780 that does not express Pgp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk D Fowers
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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10
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Zietkowski D, Payne GS, Nagy E, Mobberley MA, Ryder TA, deSouza NM. Comparison of NMR lipid profiles in mitotic arrest and apoptosis as indicators of paclitaxel resistance in cervical cell lines. Magn Reson Med 2011; 68:369-77. [PMID: 22161549 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.23265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize changes in lipid saturation using magnetic resonance spectroscopy of sensitive (HeLa) and resistant (C33A; Me180) cervical cancer cell lines following exposure to paclitaxel to explore lipid profiles as biomarkers of drug resistance. Spectra were acquired at 11.74 T. Flow cytometry, electron, and confocal microscopy assessed cellular morphology. Western blots assessed cytoplasmic phospholipase A(2) , fatty acid synthase, and acyl-CoA synthetase1 expression. After 24 h of paclitaxel exposure, >60% of cells showed mitotic arrest. At 48 h, HeLa cells showed apoptosis while C33A/Me180 cells showed normal morphology indicating resistance. MR-visible lipids increased significantly in all lines at 24 h with further increases at 48 h; resistant lines showed smaller increases than HeLa. Cytoplasmic phospholipase A(2) and fatty acid synthase levels were unchanged at 24 h and dropped at 48 h in HeLa; acyl-CoA synthetase1 was higher in Me180/C33A than in HeLa controls but did not increase significantly. The percentage of cells displaying lipid droplets increased significantly at 24 and 48 h in all lines; droplet size increased only in HeLa cells. Droplet number was >3-4× greater in apoptotic compared with mitotic-arrested cells. Apoptotic cells accumulate unsaturated fatty acids in large (relative to control) droplets; resistant lines accumulated smaller droplets with less triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Zietkowski
- CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
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11
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Milosavljevic N, Duranton C, Djerbi N, Puech PH, Gounon P, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Dimanche-Boitrel MT, Rauch C, Tauc M, Counillon L, Poët M. Nongenomic Effects of Cisplatin: Acute Inhibition of Mechanosensitive Transporters and Channels without Actin Remodeling. Cancer Res 2010; 70:7514-22. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Brozovic A, Ambriović-Ristov A, Osmak M. The relationship between cisplatin-induced reactive oxygen species, glutathione, and BCL-2 and resistance to cisplatin. Crit Rev Toxicol 2010; 40:347-59. [PMID: 20163198 DOI: 10.3109/10408441003601836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (cDDP) is an anticancer agent that is widely used in the treatment of many solid tumors. A major obstacle to successful cDDP-based chemotherapy, however, is the intrinsic and acquired resistance of tumor cells to this drug. Greater insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the modulation of cellular responses to cDDP will aid in the development and optimization of new therapeutic strategies. Apart from induction of DNA damage, recent data have suggested that cDDP also induces the formation of reactive oxygen species that can trigger cell death. Cell death occurs as the result of several simultaneously activated signaling pathways. The specific pathway responsible for cell death depends on the cell type and the treatment conditions. This review focuses on the relationship between glutathione and BCL-2 and their protective role in cDDP-induced reactive oxygen species formation and cDDP resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Brozovic
- Laboratory for Genotoxic Agents, Division of Molecular Biology, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Arndt D, Zeisig R, Eue I, Fichtner I. Alkylphosphocholines and Alkylphosphocholine Liposomes. J Liposome Res 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/08982109509039910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency protects from cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal damage. Oncogene 2008; 27:6590-5. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Rebillard A, Tekpli X, Meurette O, Sergent O, LeMoigne-Muller G, Vernhet L, Gorria M, Chevanne M, Christmann M, Kaina B, Counillon L, Gulbins E, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis involves membrane fluidification via inhibition of NHE1 in human colon cancer cells. Cancer Res 2007; 67:7865-74. [PMID: 17699793 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that cisplatin triggers an early acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase)-dependent ceramide generation concomitantly with an increase in membrane fluidity and induces apoptosis in HT29 cells. The present study further explores the role and origin of membrane fluidification in cisplatin-induced apoptosis. The rapid increase in membrane fluidity following cisplatin treatment was inhibited by membrane-stabilizing agents such as cholesterol or monosialoganglioside-1. In HT29 cells, these compounds prevented the early aggregation of Fas death receptor and of membrane lipid rafts on cell surface and significantly inhibited cisplatin-induced apoptosis without altering drug intracellular uptake or cisplatin DNA adducts formation. Early after cisplatin treatment, Na+/H+ membrane exchanger-1 (NHE1) was inhibited leading to intracellular acidification, aSMase was activated, and ceramide was detected at the cell membrane. Treatment of HT29 cells with Staphylococcus aureus sphingomyelinase increased membrane fluidity. Moreover, pretreatment with cariporide, a specific inhibitor of NHE1, inhibited cisplatin-induced intracellular acidification, aSMase activation, ceramide membrane generation, membrane fluidification, and apoptosis. Finally, NHE1-expressing PS120 cells were more sensitive to cisplatin than NHE1-deficient PS120 cells. Altogether, these findings suggest that the apoptotic pathway triggered by cisplatin involves a very early NHE1-dependent intracellular acidification leading to aSMase activation and increase in membrane fluidity. These events are independent of cisplatin-induced DNA adducts formation. The membrane exchanger NHE1 may be another potential target of cisplatin, increasing cell sensitivity to this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Rebillard
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 620, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 140 Génétique Fonctionnelle Agronomie et Santé, France
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16
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Huang Z, Tong Y, Wang J, Huang Y. NMR studies of the relationship between the changes of membrane lipids and the cisplatin-resistance of A549/DDP cells. Cancer Cell Int 2003; 3:5. [PMID: 12718757 PMCID: PMC154102 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-3-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2002] [Accepted: 04/08/2003] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes of membrane lipids in cisplatin-sensitive A549 and cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells during the apoptotic process induced by a clinical dose of cisplatin (30 &mgr;M) were detected by 1H and 31P-NMR spectroscopy and by membrane fluidity measurement. The apoptotic phenotypes of the two cell lines were monitored with flow cytometry. The assays of apoptosis showed that significant apoptotic characteristics of the A549 cells were induced when the cells were cultured for 24 hours after treatment with cisplatin, while no apoptotic characteristic could be detected for the resistant A549/DDP cells even after 48 hours. The results of 1H-NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that the CH2/CH3 and Glu/Ct ratios of the membrane of A549 cells increased significantly, but those in A549/DDP cell membranes decreased. In addition, the Chol/CH3 and Eth/Ct ratios decreased for the former but increased for the latter cells under the same conditions. 31P-NMR spectroscopy indicated levels of phosphomonoesters (PME) and ATP decreased in A549 but increased in A549/DDP cells after being treated with cisplatin. These results were supported with the data obtained from 1H-NMR measurements. The results clearly indicated that components and properties of membrane phospholipids of the two cell lines were significantly different during the apoptotic process when they were treated with a clinical dose of cisplatin. Plasma membrane fluidity changes during cisplatin treatment as detected with the fluorescence probe TMA-DPH also indicate marked difference between the two cell lines. We provided evidence that there are significant differences in plasma membrane changes during treatment of cisplatin sensitive A549 and resistant A549/DDP cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Huang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yufeng Tong
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Youguo Huang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Center for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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17
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Hwang SJ, Cha JY, Park SG, Joe GJ, Kim HM, Moon HB, Jeong SJ, Lee JS, Shin DH, Ko SR, Park JK. Diol- and triol-type ginseng saponins potentiate the apoptosis of NIH3T3 cells exposed to methyl methanesulfonate. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2002; 181:192-202. [PMID: 12079428 DOI: 10.1006/taap.2002.9413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the effect of ginseng saponins on the p53-dependent apoptosis in NIH3T3 cells exposed to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), an alkylating agent. Trypan blue exclusion assay, cell morphology studies, and apoptotic index determined by acridine orange staining showed that the postincubation of MMS-exposed cells in medium containing diol- (PD) or triol-type (PT) ginseng saponins potentiate the apoptotic cell death. FACS analysis indicated that the increased apoptotic cell population in the saponin-postincubation group was accompanied by the accumulation of cells in G0/G1 phase. By Western blot analyses it was demonstrated that postincubation of saponins increases the expression of p53 and p21 in MMS-exposed cells but decreased that of CDK2, cyclin E and D1, and PCNA. The upregulation of p53 and p21 and downregulation of CDK2 was shown to be p53-dependent in experiments using the p53 antisense oligonucleotide. These results suggest that ginseng saponins contain components potentiating the apoptosis of MMS-exposed NIH3T3 cells via p53 and p21 activation, accompanied with by downregulation of cell cycle-related protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Hwang
- Division of Biological Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk 570-749, South Korea
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18
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Côme MG, Skladanowski A, Larsen AK, Laurent G. Dual mechanism of daunorubicin-induced cell death in both sensitive and MDR-resistant HL-60 cells. Br J Cancer 1999; 79:1090-7. [PMID: 10098741 PMCID: PMC2362243 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of some acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cells to daunorubicin leads to rapid cell death, whereas other AML cells show natural drug resistance. This has been attributed to expression of functional P-glycoprotein resulting in reduced drug accumulation. However, it has also been proposed that P-glycoprotein-expressing multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells are inherently defective for apoptosis. To distinguish between these different possibilities, we have compared the cell death process in a human AML cell line (HL-60) with a MDR subline (HL-60/Vinc) at doses that yield either similar intracellular daunorubicin concentrations or comparable cytotoxicity. Adjustment of the dose to obtain the same intracellular drug accumulation in the two cell lines did not result in equal cytotoxicity, suggesting the presence of additional resistance mechanisms in the P-glycoprotein-expressing HL-60/Vinc cells. However, at equitoxic doses, similar cell death pathways were observed. In HL-60 cells, daunorubicin induced rapid apoptosis at 0.5-1 microM and delayed mitotic cell death at 0.1 microM. These concentrations are within the clinical dose range. Similarly, HL-60/Vinc cells underwent apoptosis at 50-100 microM daunorubicin and mitotic cell death at 10 microM. These results show, for the first time, that anthracyclines can induce cell death by a dual mechanism in both sensitive and MDR cells. Our results also show that not only the cytotoxicity, but also the kinetics and mechanism of cell death, are dose dependent. Interestingly, regrowth was observed only in association with delayed cell death and the formation of enlarged, often polyploid, cells with micronucleation, suggesting that morphological criteria may be useful to evaluate treatment efficacy in patients with myeloid leukaemias.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Côme
- CJF INSERM 9503, Institut Claudius-Régaud, Toulouse, France
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19
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Bérubé G, He Y, Groleau S, Séné A, Thérien HM, Caron M. The synthesis and characterization of new triphenylethylene platinum(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(97)05514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Arndt D, Zeisig R, Eue I, Sternberg B, Fichtner I. Antineoplastic activity of sterically stabilized alkylphosphocholine liposomes in human breast carcinomas. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1997; 43:237-46. [PMID: 9150903 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005798715192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
New sterically stabilized liposomes derived from the antitumor agent hexadecylphosphocholine with reduced uptake by the mononuclear phagocyte system and improved antitumor activities were developed and tested. The bilayer of such sterically stabilized liposomes consists of hexadecylphosphocholine, cholesterol and polyethylene glycol-linked phosphoethanolamine. The measurement of carbon clearance in mice shows that these stabilized liposomes, in contrast to conventional alkylphosphocholine liposomes, are not largely engulfed by the mononuclear phagocyte system. Their therapeutic activity on experimental human breast carcinomas MaTu. MT-1 and MT-3 was tested in nude mice. Especially in the MaTu models the sterically stabilized hexadecylphosphocholine liposomes resulted in significantly reduced tumor growth in comparison to conventional hexadecylphosphocholine liposomes or free hexadecylphosphocholine. The enhanced therapeutic efficacy of sterically stabilized hexadecylphosphocholine liposomes is probably related to the extended circulation time of the formulation and its accumulation in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arndt
- Max-Delbrück-Center of Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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21
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Hepatobiliary elimination of cationic drugs: the role of P-glycoproteins and other ATP-dependent transporters. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(97)00498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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22
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Kren V, Fiserová A, Augé C, Sedmera P, Havlícek V, Síma P. Ergot alkaloid glycosides with immunomodulatory activities. Bioorg Med Chem 1996; 4:869-76. [PMID: 8818236 DOI: 10.1016/0968-0896(96)00074-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
New glycosides derived from ergot alkaloids elymoclavine and DH-lysergol were synthesized by chemoenzymatic methods. beta-Glucosides were obtained either by chemical method or by transglycosylation (glycosidase from Aspergillus oryzae), lactosides were prepared by further extension of carbohydrate chain using beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase (bovine milk) and alpha-5-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2-->6)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(l-->4)-2- acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->O)-elymoclavine was prepared using alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase (rat liver). Immunomodulatory activity of elymoclavine and 9,10-dihydrolysergol and their glycosylated derivatives on natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity of human resting and activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was investigated. Addition of ergot alkaloid glycosides to the mixtures of effector and target cells potentiated the PBMC cytotoxicity against both NK-sensitive and -resistant target cells. The glycoconjugates of elymoclavine enhanced cytotoxicity of PBMC against NK-resistant target cells. The glycoconjugates of DH-lysergol potentiated NK cytotoxicity of PBMC against NK-sensitive target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kren
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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23
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He Y, Groleau S, -Gaudreault R, Caron M, Thérien HM, Bérubé G. Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of new triphenylethylene platinum (II) complexes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0960-894x(95)00381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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24
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Oude Elferink RP, Meijer DK, Kuipers F, Jansen PL, Groen AK, Groothuis GM. Hepatobiliary secretion of organic compounds; molecular mechanisms of membrane transport. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1995; 1241:215-68. [PMID: 7640297 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4157(95)00006-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R P Oude Elferink
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Academic Medical Center, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Eue I, Zeisig R, Arndt D. Alkylphosphocholine-induced production of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor alpha by U 937 cells. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1995; 121:350-6. [PMID: 7797600 DOI: 10.1007/bf01225687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The human histiocytic cell line U 937, which expresses a number of monocyte markers and properties, was investigated with regard to its ability to be activated for NO and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release after treatment with alkylphosphocholines (APC) and APC liposomes. Using APC multilamellar vesicles (MLV) a clear dose-dependent increase of NO production could be demonstrated for U 937 cells, whereas the corresponding soluble substances had no effect. The time course of NO release was characterised by a peak between 2 h and 12 h and a strong decrease after 24 h. LPS caused no NO release nor the production of TNF in U 937 cells. The simultaneous incubation of the cells with lipopolysaccharide and APC or APC-MLV, led to a strong increase in TNF production. Closer investigation of the time sequence of this synergistic effect demonstrated that cells, that had first been treated with hexadecylphosphocholine (HPC)-MLV and 4 h later with lipopolysaccharide secreted significantly more TNF into the supernatants than in the experiment where both substances were added simultaneously. From these results it was concluded that APC-MLV are possibly able to act as a primer in the process of lipopolysaccharide mediated TNF induction. Furthermore, a positive influence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on the ability of U 937 cells to produce TNF following a treatment with HPC or HPC-MLV could be observed. PMA-pretreated cells were shown to release much more TNF compared to control cells, which led to the supposition that the immunomodifying activity of APC becomes effective only in more highly differentiated cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Eue
- Max Delbrück Centre for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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26
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Brachwitz H, Vollgraf C. Analogs of alkyllysophospholipids: chemistry, effects on the molecular level and their consequences for normal and malignant cells. Pharmacol Ther 1995; 66:39-82. [PMID: 7630930 DOI: 10.1016/0163-7258(95)00001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the search for new approaches to cancer therapy, the first alkyllysophospholipid (ALP) analogs were designed and studied about two decades ago, either as potential immunomodulators or as antimetabolites of phospholipid metabolism. In the meantime, it has been demonstrated that they really act in this way. However, their special importance is based on the fact that, in addition, they interfere with key events of signal transduction, such as hormone (or cytokine)-receptor binding or processing, protein kinase C or phospholipase C function and phosphatidylinositol and calcium metabolism. There are no strict structural requirements for their activity. Differences in the cellular uptake or the state of cellular differentiation seem to be mainly responsible for higher or lower sensitivities of cells towards ALP analogs. Consequences of the molecular effects mentioned on the cellular level are cytostasis, induction of differentiation (while in contrast the effects of known inducers of differentiation such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate are inhibited, probably as a consequence of protein kinase C inhibition) and loss of invasive properties. Already in sublytic concentrations, alterations in the membrane structure were observed, and lysis may begin at concentrations not much higher than those causing the other effects described. Few ALP analogs have already entered clinical studies or are in clinical use. ALP analogs are the only antineoplastic agents that do not act directly on the formation and function of the cellular replication machinery. Therefore, their effects are independent of the proliferative state of the target cells. Because of their interference with cellular regulatory events, including those failing in cancer cells, ALP analogs, beyond their clinical importance, are interesting model compounds for the development of new, more selective drugs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Brachwitz
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Klinikum Steglitz, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
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27
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Licht T, Pastan I, Gottesman M, Herrmann F. P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance in normal and neoplastic hematopoietic cells. Ann Hematol 1994; 69:159-71. [PMID: 7948302 DOI: 10.1007/bf02215949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The multidrug transporter, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), is expressed by CD34-positive bone marrow cells, which include hematopoietic stem cells, and in other cells in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, including some lymphoid cells. Multidrug resistance mediated by P-gp appears to be a major impediment to successful treatment of acute myeloid leukemias and multiple myelomas. However, the impact of P-gp expression on prognosis has to be confirmed in several other hematopoietic neoplasms. The role of P-gp in normal and malignant hematopoiesis and clinical attempts to circumvent multidrug resistance in hematopoietic malignancies are reviewed. The recent transduction of the MDR1 gene into murine hematopoietic cells, which protects them from toxic effects of chemotherapy, suggests that MDR1 gene therapy may help prevent myelosuppression following chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Licht
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Bethesda, MD
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28
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Utz I, Hofer S, Regenass U, Hilbe W, Thaler J, Grunicke H, Hofmann J. The protein kinase C inhibitor CGP 41251, a staurosporine derivative with antitumor activity, reverses multidrug resistance. Int J Cancer 1994; 57:104-10. [PMID: 7908658 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910570119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is frequently associated with overexpression of a 170-kDa P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Data suggest altered protein kinase C (PKC) activity in cells expressing the multidrug-resistant phenotype. The staurosporine derivative CGP 41251, an experimental anticancer drug, has been shown to exert selectivity for inhibition of protein kinase C activity and to exhibit antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Here we show that CGP 41251 is also able to reverse MDR. After treatment of the multidrug-resistant human lymphoblastoid cell line CCRF-VCR1000 with 500 nM Adriamycin, cell proliferation was reduced to 81% of untreated controls. A combination of 500 nM Adriamycin with a non-toxic concentration of 150 nM CGP 41251 (IC50 for inhibition of cell proliferation 420 nM CGP 41251) inhibits cell proliferation of CCRF-VCR1000 cells to 29% of untreated controls. In sensitive CCRF-CEM cells no enhancement of Adriamycin-induced cytotoxicity was observed upon addition of 150 nM CGP 41251. Strong synergism of the inhibition of cell proliferation was also observed after concomitant treatment of KB-8511 cells with CGP 41251 and Vinblastine or Adriamycin. Drug-sensitive KB-31 cells could not be further sensitized to Adriamycin or Vinblastine with CGP 41251 doses above 100 nM. Pretreatment with 50-1000 nM CGP 41251 for 30 min led to a dose-dependent increase in the intracellular accumulation of rhodamine 123, a substrate of P-glycoprotein. Treatment of multidrug-resistant CCRF-VCR1000 cells with CGP 41251 for 10 min was sufficient to inhibit the efflux of rhodamine 123. Preincubation with CGP 41251 for 12 or 24 hr did not alter multidrug resistance gene (mdrI)-mRNA levels. CGP 41251, a drug with antitumor efficacy in experimental systems, might offer an attractive combination partner for the treatment of tumors expressing the MDR phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Utz
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Austria
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29
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Fichtner I, Zeisig R, Naundorf H, Jungmann S, Arndt D, Asongwe G, Double JA, Bibby MC. Antineoplastic activity of alkylphosphocholines (APC) in human breast carcinomas in vivo and in vitro; use of liposomes. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1994; 32:269-79. [PMID: 7865855 DOI: 10.1007/bf00666004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the in vitro and in vivo activity of alkylphosphocholines (APC) in experimental human breast carcinomas. Three analogs, hexadecylphosphocholine (HPC), octadecylphosphocholine (OPC) and eicosanylphosphocholine (EPC) were investigated. Three hormone receptor negative cell lines were sensitive to all three APCs in vitro whereas the receptor positive MCF-7 line was more resistant. Sensitivity was seen in 4/6 hormone receptor negative tumors in vivo, with HPC being the most active analog. There were no antitumor effects in the four receptor positive models. The reasons for these differences in response between hormone receptor negative and -positive lines are not yet understood and require further study. Gastrointestinal toxicity and hemolysis, the major side effects of the APCs, were reduced by the use of liposomal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fichtner
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, Germany
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