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Castro LSEPW, Kviecinski MR, Ourique F, Parisotto EB, Grinevicius VMAS, Correia JFG, Wilhelm Filho D, Pedrosa RC. Albendazole as a promising molecule for tumor control. Redox Biol 2016; 10:90-99. [PMID: 27710854 PMCID: PMC5053114 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work evaluated the antitumor effects of albendazole (ABZ) and its relationship with modulation of oxidative stress and induction of DNA damage. The present results showed that ABZ causes oxidative cleavage on calf-thymus DNA suggesting that this compound can break DNA. ABZ treatment decreased MCF-7 cell viability (EC50=44.9 for 24 h) and inhibited MCF-7 colony formation (~67.5% at 5 μM). Intracellular ROS levels increased with ABZ treatment (~123%). The antioxidant NAC is able to revert the cytotoxic effects, ROS generation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF-7 cells treated with ABZ. Ehrlich carcinoma growth was inhibited (~32%) and survival time was elongated (~50%) in animals treated with ABZ. Oxidative biomarkers (TBARS and protein carbonyl levels) and activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and GR) increased, and reduced glutathione (GSH) was depleted in animals treated with ABZ, indicating an oxidative stress condition, leading to a DNA damage causing phosphorylation of histone H2A variant, H2AX, and triggering apoptosis signaling, which was confirmed by increasing Bax/Bcl-xL rate, p53 and Bax expression. We propose that ABZ induces oxidative stress promoting DNA fragmentation and triggering apoptosis and inducing cell death, making this drug a promising leader molecule for development of new antitumor drugs. The ABZ redox signaling pathway was examined in cancer inhibition. The oxidative stress can explain the ABZ antitumor mechanisms of action. The ABZ oxidative stress modulation can be used for cancer therapeutics development. ABZ can be used as a molecule prototype in possible drug repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S E P W Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - M R Kviecinski
- Postgraduate Programe of Health Science, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça, SC, Brazil
| | - F Ourique
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - E B Parisotto
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - V M A S Grinevicius
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - J F G Correia
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - D Wilhelm Filho
- Departament of Ecology and Zoology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - R C Pedrosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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de Souza Grinevicius VMA, Kviecinski MR, Santos Mota NSR, Ourique F, Porfirio Will Castro LSE, Andreguetti RR, Gomes Correia JF, Filho DW, Pich CT, Pedrosa RC. Piper nigrum ethanolic extract rich in piperamides causes ROS overproduction, oxidative damage in DNA leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 189:139-147. [PMID: 27178634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ayurvedic and Chinese traditional medicine and tribal people use herbal preparations containing Piper nigrum fruits for the treatment of many health disorders like inflammation, fever, asthma and cancer. In Brazil, traditional maroon culture associates the spice Piper nigrum to health recovery and inflammation attenuation. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aim of the current work was to evaluate the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by Piper nigrum ethanolic extract and its antitumor activity. METHODS The plant was macerated in ethanol. Extract constitution was assessed by TLC, UV-vis and ESI-IT-MS/MS spectrometry. The cytotoxicity, proliferation and intracellular ROS generation was evaluated in MCF-7 cells. DNA damage effects were evaluated through intercalation into CT-DNA, plasmid DNA cleavage and oxidative damage in CT-DNA. Tumor growth inhibition, survival time increase, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and oxidative stress were assessed in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice. RESULTS Extraction yielded 64mg/g (36% piperine and 4.2% piperyline). Treatments caused DNA damage and reduced cell viability (EC50=27.1±2.0 and 80.5±6.6µg/ml in MCF-7 and HT-29 cells, respectively), inhibiting cell proliferation by 57% and increased ROS generation in MCF-7 cells (65%). Ehrlich carcinoma was inhibited by the extract, which caused reduction of tumor growth (60%), elevated survival time (76%), cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis. The treatment with extract increased Bax and p53 and inhibited Bcl-xL and cyclin A expression. It also induced an oxidative stress in vivo verified as enhanced lipid peroxidation and carbonyl proteins content and increased activities of glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. GSH concentration was decreased in tumor tissue from mice. CONCLUSION The ethanolic extract has cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect on MCF-7 cells and antitumor effect in vivo probably due to ROS overproduction that induced oxidative stress affecting key proteins involved in cell cycle arrest at G1/S and triggering apoptosis. Finally, the overall data from this study are well in line with the traditional claims for the antitumor effect of Piper nigrum fruits.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- DNA Damage
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ethanol/chemistry
- Female
- HT29 Cells
- Humans
- Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects
- MCF-7 Cells
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Oxidants/isolation & purification
- Oxidants/pharmacology
- Oxidative Stress/drug effects
- Phytotherapy
- Piper nigrum/chemistry
- Piperidines/isolation & purification
- Piperidines/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal
- Protein Carbonylation/drug effects
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Solvents/chemistry
- Time Factors
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maicon Roberto Kviecinski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), SC, Brazil
| | - Nádia Sandrini Ramos Santos Mota
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ourique
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Rafaela Rafognato Andreguetti
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Gomes Correia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Danilo Wilhem Filho
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia,Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Claus Tröger Pich
- NITBIO, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Felipe KB, Kviecinski MR, da Silva FO, Bücker NF, Farias MS, Castro LSEPW, de Souza Grinevicius VMA, Motta NS, Correia JFG, Rossi MH, Pedrosa RC. Inhibition of tumor proliferation associated with cell cycle arrest caused by extract and fraction from Casearia sylvestris (Salicaceae). J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 155:1492-1499. [PMID: 25077466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Casearia sylvestris is a tree found in tropical America. In Brazil it is known mainly as Guaçatonga. Literature reports suggest that the leaves and other plant parts have been used by indigenous populations from South America in preparations, mainly aqueous or hydroethanolic macerations or decoctions, most times taken orally for the primary treatment of several diseases, including cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY This article reports the results of an investigation about the antiproliferative effects of Casearia sylvestris on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Aqueous ethanolic maceration and column chromatography were done to obtain a crude aqueous ethanolic extract (CAE) and a chloroform fraction (f-CHCl3). The human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was used in culture. In vitro, non-cytotoxic concentrations were determined by MTT assay and the antiproliferative effect was assessed by the colony forming unit assay using non-cytotoxic concentrations. Effects on the cell cycle were observed through flow cytometry using a propidium iodide kit. Casearin C was identified in f-CHCl3 by chromatography and H(1) nuclear magnetic resonance. The effect on some key proteins of DNA damage (phosphorylation on the histone H2AX) and cell cycle control (p53, p16, cdk2) was evaluated through immunoblot. Antiproliferative effects in vivo were measured in tumor tissue from Ehrlich ascites-bearing mice through the (3)H-thymidine uptake assay and the trypan blue exclusion method. RESULTS In vitro, EC50 values found at 24 h on MCF-7 cells were 141 µg/mL for CAE and 66 µg/mL for f-CHCl3. Inhibition on proliferation was recorded at concentrations as low as 4 µg/mL in the case of the f-CHCl3 (up to 40%) and up to 50% when CAE was added at 9 µg/mL. The cell cycle arrest was demonstrated by the reduction in terms of number of cells in phases G2/M and S, up to 38.9% and 51.9% when cells were treated with CAE, and 53.9% and 66.2%, respectively, when cells were treated with f-CHCl3. The number of cells in G1 was increased when the cells were treated with CAE (21.4%) or f-CHCl3 (27.8%). Key proteins of cell cycle control were affected. The treatments caused activation of p53, p16 and DNA damage found by the appearance of bands corresponding to γ-H2AX. The treatments caused inhibition of cdk2. CAE and particularly f-CHCl3 caused significant inhibition on tumor growth in mice (40% and 60%, respectively). Uptake of (3)H-thymidine, thus proliferation was reduced in tumor cells from mice treated with CAE (>30%) or f-CHCl3 (up to 50%) compared to cells from control animals. Data from the trypan blue assay indicating a lower number of tumor cells in treated animals. From the overall, data from this study are in line with the traditional claims for the antitumor effect of Casearia sylvestris. CONCLUSIONS This investigation suggests that whether the extracts from Casearia sylvestris are cytotoxic at high concentrations, lower concentrations have antiproliferative effect and could be useful to complement conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, and should be evaluated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Bettega Felipe
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Maicon Roberto Kviecinski
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Grupo de Desenvolvimento em Tecnologia Farmacêutica (TECFARMA) da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Ourique da Silva
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nádia Falcão Bücker
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Mirelle Sinfroni Farias
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nadia Sandrini Motta
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - João Francisco Gomes Correia
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Experimental (LABIOEX), Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Biscaro F, Parisotto EB, Zanette VC, Günther TMF, Ferreira EA, Gris EF, Correia JFG, Pich CT, Mattivi F, Filho DW, Pedrosa RC. Anticancer activity of flavonol and flavan-3-ol rich extracts from Croton celtidifolius latex. Pharm Biol 2013; 51:737-743. [PMID: 23570524 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.764331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Croton celtidifolius Baill (Euphorbiaceae) is a tree found in the Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil, where it is commonly known as "Sangue-de-Dragão". Its red latex is used traditionally for treating ulcers, diabetes and cancer. OBJECTIVE To evaluate antitumor activities of Croton celtififolius latex in vitro and in vivo. MATERIAL AND METHODS Phytochemical analyses were conducted using HPLC-DAD-MS. Cytotoxic, nuclease and pro-apoptotic properties were determined using the tetrazolium salt assay (MTT), plasmid DNA damage assay and ethidium bromide (EB)/acridine orange methods, respectively, and antitumor activity was determined in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) mouse model. RESULTS Phytochemical studies indicated a high phenol content of flavonols (45.67 ± 0.24 and 18.01 ± 0.23 mg/mL of myricetin and quercetin, respectively) and flavan-3-ols (114.12 ± 1.84 and 1527.41 ± 16.42 mg/L of epicatechin and epigallocatechin, respectively) in latex. These compounds reduced MCF-7 and EAC cell viability in the MTT assay (IC50 = 169.0 ± 1.8 and 187.0 ± 2.2 μg/mL, respectively). Latex compounds caused significant DNA fragmentation and increased the number of apoptotic cells (negative control (NC), 12%; latex, 41%) as indicated by differential staining in the EB/acridine orange assay. The in vivo latex treatment at 3.12 mg/kg/day reduced the body weight by 7.57 ± 2.04 g and increased median survival time to 17.5 days when compared to the NC group (13.0 days). In addition, the highest latex concentration inhibited tumor growth by 56%. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results agree with ethno-pharmacological reports showing cytotoxicity and antitumor activity of C. celtidifolius latex. The mechanism of antitumor action may be related to direct DNA fragmentation that reduces survival and induces apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Biscaro
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
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Kviecinski MR, Felipe KB, Correia JFG, Ferreira EA, Rossi MH, de Moura Gatti F, Filho DW, Pedrosa RC. Brazilian Bidens pilosa Linné yields fraction containing quercetin-derived flavonoid with free radical scavenger activity and hepatoprotective effects. Libyan J Med 2011; 6. [PMID: 21526045 PMCID: PMC3081874 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v6i0.5651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidens pilosa is a plant used by Amazonian and Asian folks for some hepatopathies. The hydroethanol crude extract and three fractions were assessed for antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects. Higher levels of scavenger activity on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, inhibition of deoxyribose oxidation and lipid peroxidation in vitro were detected for the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50~4.3–32.3 µg/ml) followed by the crude extract (IC50~14.2–98.0 µg/ml). The ethyl acetate fraction, again followed by the crude extract, showed high contents of total soluble polyphenols (3.6±0.2 and 2.1±0.2 GAE/mg, respectively) and presence of a quercetin-derived flavonoid identified as quercetin 3,3′-dimethyl ether 7-O-β-D-glycopyranoside. Both products were assayed for hepatoprotector effects against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice. Markers of oxidative stress and hepatic injury were evaluated. The results showed that the 10-day pretreatments (15 mg/kg, p.o.) protected the livers against injury by blocking CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation and the DNA fragmentation was decreased (~60%). The pretreatments avoided the loss of the plasma ferric reducing/antioxidant power and the elevation of serum transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase activities. The results suggest that the main constituents responsible for the hepatoprotective effects with free radical scavenger power associated are well extracted by performing fractionation with ethyl acetate. The findings support the Brazilian traditional use of this plant and justify further evaluations for the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the constituents of the ethyl acetate fraction to treat some liver diseases.
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Ferreira EA, Gris EF, Felipe KB, Correia JFG, Cargnin-Ferreira E, Wilhelm Filho D, Pedrosa RC. Potent hepatoprotective effect in CCl(4)-induced hepatic injury in mice of phloroacetophenone from Myrcia multiflora. Libyan J Med 2010; 5. [PMID: 21483585 PMCID: PMC3071176 DOI: 10.3402/ljm.v5i0.4891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 05/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant properties of phloroacetophenone (2′,4′,6′-trihydroxyacetophenone – THA), an acetophenone derived from the plant Myrcia multiflora. Material & Method The free radical scavenging activity in vitro and induction of oxidative hepatic damage by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) (0.5 ml/kg, i.p.) were tested in male Swiss mice (25±5 g). Results This compound exhibited in vitro antioxidant effects on FeCl2–ascorbate-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in mouse liver homogenate, scavenging hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The in vivo assays showed that THA significantly (p<0.01) prevented the increases of hepatic LPO as measured by the levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, mitochondrial swelling. It also protected hepatocytes against protein carbonylation and oxidative DNA damage. Consistent with these observations, THA pre-treatment normalized the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and increased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in CCl4-treated mice. In addition, THA treatment significantly prevented the elevation of serum enzymatic activities of alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, as well as histological alterations induced by CCl4. Silymarin (SIL) (24 mg/kg), a known hepatoprotective drug used for comparison, led to a significant decrease (p<0.01) in activities of theses enzymes in way very similar to that observed in pre-treatment with THA. Conclusion These results suggest that the protective effects are due to reduction of oxidative damage induced by CCl4 resulting from the antioxidant properties of THA.
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