Trisomy 4 in a case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (M2)

Biphenotypic M0 acute myeloid leukemia with trisomy-4

We report here a rare case of biphenotypic M0 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) associated with trisomy 4. The literature of trisomy 4 in acute leukemia was reviewed. M2 and M4 AML are the most common FAB subtypes associated with trisomy 4. The clinical course of this entity is generally comparable with other non-trisomy 4 cases of AML. Despite the speculation made when first described, no specific environmental toxin has been found to be associated with this entity. C-kit oncogene has been mapped to chromosome 4 recently, and the role of this proto-oncogene in leukemogenesis of trisomy 4 associated leukemia should be further investigated.

Trisomy 4 in a case of acute myelogenous leukemia accompanied by subcutaneous soft tissue tumors. Report of a case and review of the literature

We report a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia [AML, French-American-British classification (FAB) M2] with trisomy 4, who developed subcutaneous soft tissue tumors at the time leukemia was diagnosed. A review of the literature on AML with trisomy 4 suggests a relation between trisomy 4 and tumor formation of leukemic cells.

Trisomy 4 may occur in a broad range of hematologic malignancies

Trisomy 4 is an uncommon numerical chromosomal aberration in acute leukemia. We describe three cases of trisomy 4, occurring in two patients with acute myeloid leukemia (M1 and M5a) and in one patient with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Our results suggest that trisomy 4 may occur in a broader range of hematologic and malignancies than previously described.

Trisomy 4 in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: the first Brazilian case

We report the first South American case of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, French-American-British (FAB) subtype M1, [1] with trisomy 4 as the sole chromosome abnormality. The patient denied exposure to toxic or carcinogenic substances.

Trisomy 4 in acute myeloblastic and acute lymphoblastic leukemia

We report three cases of trisomy 4 in acute leukemia. This alteration was detected as the sole cytogenetic abnormality in a case of FAB M4 leukemia; it occurred in association with 5q deletion in a case of M1, and concomitant with Ph chromosome and trisomy 17 in a case of L2 leukemia. The latter case represents the fourth report of trisomy 4 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Trisomy 4 in a case of acute lymphocytic leukemia (L1)

Trisomy 4 has been identified previously as a chromosome abnormality associated with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) with myelomonocytic lineage and in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). We report a case of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (French-American-British, FAB L1) in a 42-year-old Japanese man, with trisomy 4 as the sole chromosomal anomaly. Immunophenotypically, the leukemic blasts demonstrated reactivity with CD2, CD5, and CD7 and indicated on early stage of T cell.

Trisomy 4 in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Report of two cases and review of the literature

Two patients with M2 subtype of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) and trisomy 4 as a primary karyotype change are described. The abnormality was observed in 100% of bone marrow (BM) metaphases in both cases. It appeared alone in one case and was associated with trisomy 13 in 94% of metaphases in the other. These are the second and third cases of ANLL with trisomy 4 documented in Italy. Neither patient appears to have incurred any environmental or therapeutic insult.

Trisomy 4 in a case of acute biphenotypic leukemia

Trisomy 4 was the sole chromosome anomaly in a 5-year-old girl with acute leukemia. Morphologically, there appeared to be distinct myeloid and lymphoid blast cells on presentation. Immunophenotyping, however, showed extensive overlap of myeloid and lymphoid markers, confirming the leukemia to be biphenotypic rather than true "bilineal." She attained remission only after lymphoid-cell-specific induction was added to the initial "myeloid type" induction. She relapsed 4 years later with morphologically acute lymphocytic leukemia (French-American-British L2 type) despite still retaining the original immunophenotypic characteristics. She was successfully reinduced and subsequently received an autologous bone marrow transplant. Second relapse, morphologically and immunophenotypically similar to the first, occurred 5 months after transplant.

Four cases of acute leukemia with trisomy 4

We report further on four cases of trisomy 4 in acute leukemia. Two cases were FAB type M4, one was type M1, and one was an undifferentiated leukemia. Two of our patients were children, aged 13 months and 11 years, respectively. In one case there was evidence of trisomy 4 occurring as a secondary change.