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Shiomi M, Takeda H, Irino Y, Yamada S, Kuniyoshi N, Ying Y, Koike T, Izumi Y, Shinohara M, Bamba T, Ishida T. Development of markers for progression of coronary plaques using WHHLMI rabbits, an animal model of familial hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Mert MJ, Rose SH, la Grange DC, Bamba T, Hasunuma T, Kondo A, van Zyl WH. Quantitative metabolomics of a xylose-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain expressing the Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron xylose isomerase on glucose and xylose. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 44:1459-1470. [PMID: 28744577 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-017-1969-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cannot utilize xylose, but the introduction of a xylose isomerase that functions well in yeast will help overcome the limitations of the fungal oxido-reductive pathway. In this study, a diploid S. cerevisiae S288c[2n YMX12] strain was constructed expressing the Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron xylA (XI) and the Scheffersomyces stipitis xyl3 (XK) and the changes in the metabolite pools monitored over time. Cultivation on xylose generally resulted in gradual changes in metabolite pool size over time, whereas more dramatic fluctuations were observed with cultivation on glucose due to the diauxic growth pattern. The low G6P and F1,6P levels observed with cultivation on xylose resulted in the incomplete activation of the Crabtree effect, whereas the high PEP levels is indicative of carbon starvation. The high UDP-D-glucose levels with cultivation on xylose indicated that the carbon was channeled toward biomass production. The adenylate and guanylate energy charges were tightly regulated by the cultures, while the catabolic and anabolic reduction charges fluctuated between metabolic states. This study helped elucidate the metabolite distribution that takes place under Crabtree-positive and Crabtree-negative conditions when cultivating S. cerevisiae on glucose and xylose, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Mert
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management: Microbiology, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - S H Rose
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - D C la Grange
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management: Microbiology, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - T Bamba
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - T Hasunuma
- Organization of Advanced Science and Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - A Kondo
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - W H van Zyl
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
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Kuboniwa M, Sakanaka A, Hashino E, Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Amano A. Prediction of Periodontal Inflammation via Metabolic Profiling of Saliva. J Dent Res 2016; 95:1381-1386. [PMID: 27470067 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516661142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is characterized by chronic inflammation in subgingival areas, where a vast array of inflammation-associated metabolites are likely produced from tissue breakdown, increased vascular permeability, and microbial metabolism and then eventually show a steady flow into saliva. Thus, prolonged periodontal inflammation is a key feature of disease activity. Although salivary metabolomics has drawn attention for its potential use in diagnosis of periodontal disease, few authors have used that to investigate periodontal inflammation detection. In this pilot study, the authors explored the use of salivary metabolites to reflect periodontal inflammation severity with a recently proposed parameter-periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA)-used to quantify the periodontal inflammatory burden of individual patients with high accuracy. Following PISA determination, whole saliva samples were collected from 19 subjects before and after removal of supragingival plaque and calculus (debridement) with an ultrasonic scaler to assess the influence of the procedure on salivary metabolic profiles. Metabolic profiling of saliva was performed with gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry, followed by multivariate regression analysis with orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) to investigate the relationship between PISA and salivary metabolic profiles. Sixty-three metabolites were identified. OPLS analysis showed that postdebridement saliva provided a more refined model for prediction of PISA than did predebridement samples, which indicated that debridement may improve detection of metabolites eluted from subgingival areas in saliva, thus more accurately reflecting the pathophysiology of periodontitis. Based on the variable importance in the projection values obtained via OPLS, 8 metabolites were identified as potential indicators of periodontal inflammation, of which the combination of cadaverine, 5-oxoproline, and histidine yielded satisfactory accuracy (area under the curve = 0.881) for diagnosis of periodontitis. The authors' findings identified potential biomarkers that may be useful for reflecting the severity of periodontal inflammation as part of monitoring disease activity in periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kuboniwa
- 1 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.,2 AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Sakanaka
- 1 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - E Hashino
- 1 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.,3 "Challenge to Intractable Oral Diseases" Project, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - T Bamba
- 4 Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Japan.,5 Division of Metabolomics, Research Center for Transomics Medicine, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - E Fukusaki
- 2 AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan.,4 Department of Biotechnology, Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Japan
| | - A Amano
- 1 Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
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Ochi H, Sakai Y, Koishihara H, Abe F, Bamba T, Fukusaki E. Monitoring the ripening process of Cheddar cheese based on hydrophilic component profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Dairy Sci 2013; 96:7427-41. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Nakagawa J, Juárez J, Nakatsuji K, Akiyama T, Hernandez G, Macal R, Flores C, Ortiz M, Marroquín L, Bamba T, Wakai S. Geographical characterization of the triatomine infestations in north–central Guatemala. Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 2013; 99:307-15. [PMID: 15829138 DOI: 10.1179/136485905x29684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In an entomological study in 2002, the degree of domestic and peridomestic infestation with triatomine bugs and the geographical distribution of such infestations were investigated in north-central Guatemala. The survey team searched for triatomines in houses constructed with mud walls or thatched roofs, in villages suspected of being infested. The level of infestation observed was lower than that seen in the same area and in eastern Guatemala, in a preliminary survey, 3 years earlier. Most of the infestations detected were of Triatoma dimidiata but even this species was found in <7% of the houses investigated. Infestations with Rhodnius prolixus or other potential vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi were much rarer. The generally low levels of infestation make the elimination of R. prolixus and the reduction of the domestic population of Tri. dimidiata feasible in the study area. The southern part of the study area had higher levels of domestic infestation and colonization than the north, and peridomestic infestation was highest in the south-west. Given such geographical variation in the pattern of infestation, it would seem wise to stratify the study region into areas of high, moderate and low-risk of human-triatomine contact, so that appropriate vector-control strategies can be targeted at the worst-affected areas. Regular entomological surveillance, ideally with community participation, is recommended. Analysis of the relationship between the geographical patterns of infestation and factors such as vegetation, altitude and vector migration would be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nakagawa
- Chagas Disease Vector Control Project, Japan International Cooperation Agency, Apartado Postal 1752, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.
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Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Nakazawa Y, Sato H, Ute K, Kitayama T, Kobayashi A. Analysis of long-chain polyprenols using supercritical fluid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2003; 995:203-7. [PMID: 12800936 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)00498-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The separation of long-chain polyprenols was successfully achieved using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). Each 100-mer greater component was separated using tetrahydrofuran as a mobile phase modifier. The molecular mass distributions derived from SFC analyses agreed with the results of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analyses. The number-average molecular mass calculated by MALDI-TOF-MS data were also in accord with the results of quantitative 1H-NMR analysis of terminal groups. A combination of SFC and MALDI-TOF-MS analyses is a powerful tool for the elucidation of the complicated structures of natural polyprenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bamba
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Interleukin (IL) 17 is a cytokine which exerts strong proinflammatory activities. In this study we evaluated changes in IL-17 expression in the inflamed mucosa and in the serum of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Tissue samples were obtained endoscopically or surgically from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (n=20), Crohn's disease (CD) (n=20), infectious colitis (n=5), ischaemic colitis (n=8), and normal colorectal tissues (n=15). IL-17 expression was evaluated by a standard immunohistochemical procedure. Serum IL-17 levels were determined by ELISA. IL-17 mRNA expression was analysed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS IL-17 expression was not detected in samples from normal colonic mucosa, infectious colitis, or ischaemic colitis. In the inflamed mucosa of active UC and CD patients, IL-17 expression was clearly detectable in CD3(+) T cells or CD68(+) monocytes/macrophages. The average number of IL-17(+) cells was significantly increased in active UC and CD patients compared with inactive patients. IL-17 mRNA expression was not detected in normal mucosa but was detectable in the mucosa from active UC and CD patients. IL-17 was not detected in the sera from normal individuals, infectious colitis, or ischaemic colitis patients but IL-17 levels were significantly elevated in IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS IL-17 expression in the mucosa and serum was increased in IBD patients. It is likely that IL-17 expression in IBD may be associated with altered immune and inflammatory responses in the intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fujino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
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Araki Y, Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Kanauchi O, Takenaka K, Higuchi A, Bamba T. Germinated barley foodstuff exhibits different adsorption properties for hydrophilic versus hydrophobic bile acids. Digestion 2002; 64:248-54. [PMID: 11842282 DOI: 10.1159/000048869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Germinated barley foodstuff (GBF), a type of dietary fiber, exhibits therapeutic effects in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for these effects are still under investigation. On the other hand, it has been suggested that bile salts in the gut lumen play an important role in the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of GBF to adsorb bile salts in vitro. METHODS The binding capacities of GBF, enzymatically digested GBF (GBF-fiber), and alpha-cellulose for unconjugated and conjugated bile salts were measured using Langmuir's method. The morphology of these fibers was observed by light and fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS GBF adsorbed bile salts very strongly, especially hydrophobic bile salts. Even after enzymatic digestion, the GBF fiber still exhibited strong binding capacity, whereas alpha-cellulose exhibited very low binding capacity. Microscopically, GBF consists mainly of aleurone, a lattice-like cell wall with cytoplasm enclosed. After enzymatic digestion, the cytoplasm was also digested. CONCLUSION GBF possesses a great capacity to adsorb bile salts. This may be part of the mechanism for the therapeutic effects of GBF in UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Nagahama, Japan
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Okuno T, Andoh A, Bamba S, Araki Y, Fujiyama Y, Fujiyama M, Bamba T. Interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce chemokine and matrix metalloproteinase gene expression in human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts. Scand J Gastroenterol 2002; 37:317-24. [PMID: 11916194 DOI: 10.1080/003655202317284228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts may play a role in the inflammatory responses and in extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on chemokine (IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1) and ECM turnover (proliferation of subepithelial myofibroblasts, and secretion of ECM and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)) in colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts. METHODS Human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts were isolated using the method described by Mahida et al. Chemokine and MMP expressions were determined by ELISA and Northern blotting. Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and NF-IL6 DNA binding activities were evaluated by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assays (EMSA). RESULTS IL-1beta and TNF-alpha did not affect the proliferation of subepithelial myofibroblasts, but stimulated the secretion of types I and IV collagens weakly. Unstimulated subepithelial myofibroblasts secreted a large amount of MMP-2, but a small amount of IL-8, MCP-1 and MMP-1. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha both induced a dose- and time-dependent increase in IL-8, MCP-1 and MMP-1 secretion, and weakly stimulated MMP-2 secretion. IL-1beta and TNF-alpha both rapidly evoked NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity. The inhibition of NF-kappaB activation markedly blocked both IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-induced IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA expression, but did not affect MMP-1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that chemokine secretion and ECM metabolism are collectively regulated by the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, in colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts. Thus, colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts may play an important role in the pathophysiology of inflammation in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okuno
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu, Japan
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Araki Y, Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Takizawa J, Takizawa W, Bamba T. Short-term oral administration of a product derived from a probiotic, Clostridium butyricum induced no pathological effects in rats. Int J Mol Med 2002. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.9.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Takaya H, Andoh A, Makino J, Shimada M, Tasaki K, Araki Y, Bamba S, Hata K, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Interleukin-17 stimulates chemokine (interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) secretion in human pancreatic periacinar myofibroblasts. Scand J Gastroenterol 2002; 37:239-45. [PMID: 11843064 DOI: 10.1080/003655202753416948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-17 is a newly identified T-cell-derived cytokine that can regulate the functions of a variety of cell types. In this study, we investigated the effects of CD4+ T-cell-derived cytokines on chemokine secretion in human pancreatic periacinar myofibroblasts. METHODS The secretion of IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was evaluated by ELISA and Northern blot. The expression of IL-17 receptor (R) was analyzed by Northern blot and a binding assay using 125I-labeled IL-17. The activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) was assessed by an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS IL-17 induced a dose-dependent increase in IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion. The effects of IL-17 on IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA abundance reached a maximum as early as 3 h. and then gradually decreased. IL-17 and IFN-gamma synergistically increased IL-8 secretion and additively enhanced MCP-1 secretion. IFN-gamma induced a weak increase in IL-17R mRNA abundance, but incubation with IFN-gamma for 24 h had no effects on 125I-labeled IL-17-binding, indicating that the co-stimulatory effects of IL-17 and IFN-gamma were not regulated by the modulation of IL-17R expression. Furthermore, IL-17 induced a rapid increase in NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity, and the combination of IL-17 and IFN-gamma further enhanced NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it becomes clear that IL-17 is an inducer of IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion in human pancreatic periacinar myofibroblasts. The combination of IL-17 with IFN-gamma further enhances chemokine secretion. These findings indicate a linkage between T-cell-mediated immunity and inflammatory responses in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Takaya
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Japan
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Araki Y, Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Takizawa J, Takizawa W, Bamba T. Oral administration of a product derived from Clostridium butyricum in rats. Int J Mol Med 2002. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.9.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Hata K, Andoh A, Sato H, Araki Y, Tanaka M, Tsujikawa T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Sequential changes in luminal microflora and mucosal cytokine expression during developing of colitis in HLA-B27/beta2-microglobulin transgenic rats. Scand J Gastroenterol 2001; 36:1185-92. [PMID: 11686219 DOI: 10.1080/00365520152584824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgenic rats expressing HLA-B27 and human beta2-microglobulin (HLA-B27 rats) spontaneously develop chronic colitis resembling human inflammatory bowel disease. We investigated the sequential changes in the luminal bacterial flora and mucosal cytokine mRNA expression in this model. METHODS HLA-B27 rats were maintained in a specific pathogen-free environment, and luminal microflora was evaluated by standard bacterial culture technique. The expression of mucosal cytokine mRNA was analysed by RT-PCR methods. RESULTS Clinical symptoms of colitis appeared at 8 weeks of age. The total number of obligate anaerobes was higher than those of facultative anaerobes during the experimental period. At 6 weeks of age, the colonization of Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. was already detectable at high concentrations, whereas Clostridium spp. and Eubacterium spp. were not detected. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-Ibeta, IL-8 and TNF-alpha) appeared at 8 weeks of age, and these were detectable until 17 weeks. A similar pattern was observed in the expression of Th1 cytokines (IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-gamma). On the other hand, the expression of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-beta) was weak. IL-4 mRNA expression was weakly detectable only at 6 and 8 weeks of age. The expression of IL-10 and TGF-beta mRNA was scarcely detectable throughout the experimental period. CONCLUSION The development of colitis may be mediated by both the predominant expression of Th1 cytokines and the weakness of Th2 cytokine expression in the mucosa. The colonization of anaerobic bacteria, especially Bacteroides spp., may be initiating and promoting these cytokine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hata
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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Minamiguchi H, Kimura T, Urata Y, Miyazaki H, Bamba T, Abe T, Sonoda Y. Simultaneous signalling through c-mpl, c-kit and CXCR4 enhances the proliferation and differentiation of human megakaryocyte progenitors: possible roles of the PI3-K, PKC and MAPK pathways. Br J Haematol 2001; 115:175-85. [PMID: 11722431 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.03068.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the effect of signalling through CXCR4 on the proliferation and differentiation of human megakaryocytic progenitor cells (CFU-Meg) in the presence or absence of stem cell factor (SCF) and/or thrombopoietin (TPO), using peripheral blood-derived CD34(+)IL-6R(-) cells as a target. TPO alone induced a significant number of CFU-Meg colonies. Although stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) or SCF alone did not support CFU-Meg colony formation, these factors had a synergistic effect on CFU-Meg colony formation in the presence of TPO. The combination of SDF-1, SCF and TPO induced twice as many CFU-Meg colonies as TPO alone. To investigate the mechanism of this synergistic action, we examined the effects of various protein kinase inhibitors on CFU-Meg colony formation. LY294002 and GF109203X (inhibitors of PI3-K and PKC respectively) completely or partially inhibited this synergistic action. In contrast, a MEK inhibitor (PD98059) did not inhibit CFU-Meg colony formation. It significantly increased the higher ploidy classes (16N to 64N) of megakaryocytes supported by TPO, TPO + SCF, TPO + SDF-1, and TPO + SCF + SDF-1, whereas it abolished the effect of SDF-1 on the increase of higher ploidy classes of megakaryocytes supported by TPO. These results suggest that MAPK may negatively or positively regulate the nuclear maturation of megakaryocytes, known as endomitosis. In the presence of PD98059, proplatelet formation (PPF) was significantly augmented, suggesting that the MAPK pathway may also inhibit the initiation of PPF. In conclusion, simultaneous activation of three signals through c-mpl, c-kit and CXCR4 can induce the in vitro proliferation and differentiation of CFU-Meg, and SDF-1 is a potentiator of human megakaryocytopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Minamiguchi
- Department of Hygiene, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Tsujikawa T, Ohta N, Nakamura T, Yasuoka T, Satoh J, Fukunaga T, Itohi A, Uda K, Ihara T, Andoh A, Sasaki M, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Medium-chain triglyceride-rich enteral nutrition is more effective than low-fat enteral nutrition in rat colitis, but is equal in enteritis. J Gastroenterol 2001; 36:673-80. [PMID: 11686477 DOI: 10.1007/s005350170030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although enteral nutrition (EN) therapy for Crohn's disease has been confirmed to be as effective as steroid therapy, the precise mechanism responsible for the effects of EN remains unclear, although some of the therapeutic effects of EN are believed to be due to a low dietary fat content. In order to elucidate the influence of fat in EN, it is important to investigate not only the quantity of fat, but also the source of the fat. METHODS We compared two enteral nutritional formulae: Elental (Ajinomoto) (elemental diet; ED), which contains only 1.5% fat, provided as long-chain triglycerides (LCT), versus Twinline (Snow Brand Milk Products) (TL), which contains a high percentage of fat (20.4%), provided mainly as medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). These formulae were tested on rat enteritis and rat colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). RESULTS Both ED and TL reduced the manifestations of enteritis. TL had a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than ED for colitis. TL also had nutritional advantages as compared with ED, as shown by the total serum protein in the TL group being significantly higher than that in the ED group. CONCLUSION The results indicate that intraluminal MCT is suitable as a fat energy source during intestinal inflammation in rats. We suggest that Twinline may be more useful to improve nutritional status and to reduce the mucosal inflammation in rat colitis, but that Twinline is equal in effect to Elental for rat enteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tsujikawa
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Japan
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Sasaki A, Tsujikawa T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Evaluation of intestinal mucosal function by measuring expired (14)CO(2) after oral administration of (14)C-putrescine. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:986-90. [PMID: 11595062 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02566.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diamine oxidase (DAO) is the enzyme that degrades putrescine, the key main product of polyamine metabolism, and reflects enterocytic maturity of absorption because diamine oxidase activity is highest in the small intestine. We have already shown that expired (14)CO(2) after oral administration of (14)C-putrescine correlated with intestinal DAO activity. However, the influence of food composition and the mucosal adaptation after intestinal resection have not been elucidated. METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed normal chow or an elemental diet (ED) for 2 weeks. Resected rats underwent 50% jejunectomy or 50% ilectomy. Expired (14)CO(2) levels, following oral administration of (14)C-putrescine were measured in all rats, and compared with the intestinal DAO activity and other mucosal parameters. RESULTS In the ED group, the (14)CO(2) levels reached a peak earlier, and values were 2.9-fold higher than in the group fed with normal chow. Mucosal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and DAO activity in the ED group were also higher than in the group fed normal chow, although the mucosal wet weight was significantly lower in the ED group. In the resection groups, all expired (14)CO(2) values increased during measurement. The peak (14)CO(2) values in the jejunectomy group shifted earlier in the postoperative period. The mucosal DAO activity in both the resection groups was higher than it was in the control group at the fifth and 10th postoperative day. However, there were no differences among the three groups at the 15th postoperative day. CONCLUSIONS Our studies suggested that expired (14)CO(2) after oral administration of (14)C-putrescine correlates with mucosal DAO activity, and that it also reflects intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sasaki
- The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The role of chemokines in the process of immune cell infiltration into pancreatic cancer tissue has been reported. In this study, we investigated the induction of chemokines (interleukin (IL)-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1) by Fas antigen (Ag)-stimulation in a human pancreatic cancer cell line, PANC-1. METHODS The chemokine secretion was evaluated by using an ELISA and a northern blot, and the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) was assessed by using an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). RESULTS The Fas antigen (Ag) stimulation clearly induced an increase in IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion in PANC-1 cells. This effect was also observed at the mRNA level. The induction of chemokine secretion by Fas Ag stimulation required de novo gene expression and protein synthesis. The pretreatment with interferon (IFN)-gamma markedly enhanced the effects of Fas Ag stimulation; IFN-gamma pretreatment and Fas Ag stimulation synergistically induced not only apoptosis but also IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that IFN-gamma significantly enhanced Fas Ag expression. In addition, Fas Ag stimulation actually evoked NF-kappa B activation in this cell line. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that Fas Ag stimulation can induce chemokine secretion in PANC-1 cells, suggesting the contribution of Fas stimulation to the accumulation of immune cells in pancreatic cancer tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shimada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
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18
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Andoh A, Saotome T, Sato H, Tsujikawa T, Araki Y, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Epithelial expression of caveolin-2, but not caveolin-1, is enhanced in the inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2001; 7:210-4. [PMID: 11515846 DOI: 10.1097/00054725-200108000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are vesicular invaginations of the plasma membrane that act as a scaffold of the assembly of many classes of signaling molecules. Caveolins are the principal structural component of caveolae membranes, and three distinct forms of caveolins have been identified: caveolin-1, caveolin-2, and caveolin-3. In this study, we evaluated the changes in the caveolin-1 and caveolin-2 expression in the inflamed mucosa of patients with IBD. Tissue samples were obtained endoscopically from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 18), Crohn's disease (n = 10) and ischemic colitis (n = 8). Normal colorectal tissues were also obtained (n = 15). The caveolin expression was evaluated by standard immunohistochemical procedure. In normal colonic mucosa, caveolin-1 expression was detected in the smooth-muscle cells of the muscularis mucosae and the endothelial cells, but caveolin-2 expression was not detected. In the inflamed mucosa of patients with active UC, caveolin-2 expression was clearly detectable as small scattered foci on the luminal surfaces of epithelial cells, but caveolin-1 expression was similar to that in normal mucosa. Caveolin-2 expression increased in accordance with the disease activity of UC. This enhanced caveolin-2 expression was not detected in active Crohn's disease or ischemic colitis. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the epithelial expression of caveolin-2 is markedly enhanced in the inflamed mucosa of patients with UC. It is likely that the enhanced caveolin-2 expression in patients with UC was associated with the altered signal transductions in the intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, our results suggest that there are differences in the phenotypic features of epithelial cells between UC and Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu, Japan
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19
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Tasaki K, Sasaki M, Bamba M, Shintani Y, Andoh A, Tsujikawa T, Koyama S, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. A case of toxic shock-like syndrome presenting with serious hypoproteinaemia because of a protein-losing gastroenteropathy. J Intern Med 2001; 250:174-9. [PMID: 11489069 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2001.00857.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 37-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS) induced by Streptococcus pyogenes. After the pathogenic bacteria had been eradicated, serious diarrhoea appeared and a protein-losing gastroenteropathy developed. An immunohistochemical study of the biopsy specimens of both small and large intestines revealed the infiltration of T-lymphocytes, predominantly CD8+ cells, into the lamina propria of affected mucosa, villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia. Considering these histological findings, some immunological mechanism which lead the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of this rare intestinal manifestation of TSLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Ohtsu, Shiga, Japan.
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20
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Andoh A, Takaya H, Makino J, Sato H, Bamba S, Araki Y, Hata K, Shimada M, Okuno T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Cooperation of interleukin-17 and interferon-gamma on chemokine secretion in human fetal intestinal epithelial cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 125:56-63. [PMID: 11472426 PMCID: PMC1906093 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-17 is a newly identified T cell-derived cytokine that can regulate the functions of a variety of cell types. In this study, we investigated the effects of IL-17 and interferon (IFN)-gamma on chemokine secretion in human fetal intestinal epithelial cells. IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 secretion by the human fetal intestinal epithelial cell line, intestine-407, was evaluated by ELISA and Northern blot. The expression of IL-17 receptor (R) was analysed by a binding assay using [(125)I]-labelled IL-17. The activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), NF-IL6 and AP-1 was assessed by an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). IL-17 induced a dose-dependent increase in IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion. The inducing effects of IL-17 on IL-8 and MCP-1 mRNA abundance reached a maximum as early as 3 h, and then gradually decreased. IL-17 and IFN-gamma synergistically increased IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion and mRNA abundance. IFN-gamma induced a weak increase in IL-17 R mRNA abundance, and incubation with IFN-gamma for 24 h enhanced [(125)I]-labelled IL-17-binding by 2.4-fold. IL-17 rapidly induced the phosphorylation and degradation of I kappa B alpha molecules, and the combination of IL-17 and IFN-gamma induced a marked increase in NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity as early as 1.5 h after the stimulation. Furthermore, this combination induced an increase in NF-IL-6 and AP-1 DNA-binding activity. In conclusion, it becomes clear that IL-17 is an inducer of IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion by human fetal intestinal epithelial cells. The combination of IL-17 with IFN-gamma synergistically enhanced chemokine secretion. These effects of IL-17 and IFN-gamma might play an important role in the inflammatory responses in the intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Japan.
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21
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Bamba T, Fukusaki E, Kajiyama S, Ute K, Kitayama T, Kobayashi A. The occurrence of geometric polyprenol isomers in the rubber-producing plant, Eucommia ulmoides Oliver. Lipids 2001; 36:727-32. [PMID: 11521971 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-001-0778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The chain length and geometric isomerism of polyprenols from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were analyzed using supercritical fluid chromatography. After intensive effort to establish separation conditions for geometric isomers, a phenyl-bonded silica gel-packed column was found that cleanly separated poly-trans and -cis prenols. The presence of long-chain poly-trans prenols (>9 mers) was confirmed for the first time in plants. Trans isomers were found in the leaf, seed coat, and root, but not in the bark and seed. Poly-trans prenols in this plant may act as intermediates for trans-polyisoprene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bamba
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
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22
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Bamba T, Takaya H. [Malnutrition, essential trace element deficiency, vitamin deficiency]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 2001:466-9. [PMID: 11212776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Bamba
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science
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23
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Bamba T, Uda K. [Intestinal lymphangiectasia]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 2001:371-3. [PMID: 11212748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Bamba
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science
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24
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Amakata Y, Fujiyama Y, Andoh A, Hodohara K, Bamba T. Mechanism of NK cell activation induced by coculture with dendritic cells derived from peripheral blood monocytes. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 124:214-22. [PMID: 11422197 PMCID: PMC1906048 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01550.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have been regarded as one of the effective antigen-presenting cells, but the relationship between DCs and lymphocytes, in particular natural killer (NK) cells, remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated how DCs interact with both lymphocytes and NK cells using a coculture system. The number of lymphocytes increased significantly when cocultured with DCs (1.8-fold increase). In particular, the proliferation of NK cells was prominent. Furthermore, the coculture of DCs with lymphocytes induced a marked increase in IL-12 and IFN-gamma secretion. When contact between the DCs and lymphocytes was prevented, the secretion of both IL-12 and IFN-gamma was markedly reduced. IFN-gamma production was completely blocked by an anti-IL-12 antibody, indicating that IFN-gamma secretion was dependent on IL-12 secretion. The stimulating effect of the DCs on the proliferation of the lymphocytes was partially suppressed by anti-IL-12 antibodies, and was completely attenuated when cellular contact was prevented. Furthermore, the NK cell proliferation induced by coculture with DCs was significantly blocked by the inhibition of the interaction of either CD40-CD40L or CD28-B7 molecule. The coculture with DCs enhanced NK activity by 40%, and this was partially suppressed by anti-IL-12 antibodies and was completely blocked by the inhibition of cell-to-cell contact. These results indicate that the activation of NK cells by DCs is partially mediated by IL-12 secretion, and that direct contact between DCs and NK cells play a major role in this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Amakata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Ostu, Japan.
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25
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Araki Y, Fujiyama Y, Andoh A, Nakamura F, Shimada M, Takaya H, Bamba T. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic bile acids exhibit different cytotoxicities through cytolysis, interleukin-8 synthesis and apoptosis in the intestinal epithelial cell lines. IEC-6 and Caco-2 cells. Scand J Gastroenterol 2001; 36:533-9. [PMID: 11346209 DOI: 10.1080/003655201750153430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile acids have been shown to exhibit varying degrees of cytotoxicity, depending on their hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance. We have recently reported the strong cytotoxicity of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), and the aim of the present study is to investigate the mechanisms underlying the cytotoxicity of HDCA. METHODS The intestinal cell lines IEC-6 and Caco-2 cells were used. The cytotoxicities of various bile acids were evaluated using the MTS assay; their cytolytic effects were measured using the LDH release assay. The induction of apoptosis was determined by the specific figure changes in the cellular cytoplasm and nucleus, including DNA ladder formations. IL-8 synthesis induced by the bile acids was measured using an ELISA assay. RESULTS The bile acids induced cytotoxic effects, LDH release, IL-8 synthesis and apoptosis, depending on their hydrophobic properties. On the other hand, HDCA induced strong cytotoxicity, apoptosis and IL-8 synthesis but not cytolysis, although HDCA has a hydrophilic nature. In addition, HDCA exerted the strongest effects on dispersing monolayer cells. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that HDCA induces cytotoxicity through its ability to induce apoptosis rather than its detergent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Nagahama, Shiga, Japan
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26
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Araki Y, Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Hata K, Makino J, Okuno T, Nakanura F, Bamba T. Application of 2-aminopyridine fluorescence labeling in the analysis of in vivo and in vitro metabolism of dextran sulfate sodium by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 2001; 753:209-15. [PMID: 11334333 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes a size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the separation and quantification of sulfated polysaccharides, such as dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Pyridylamination of DSS was achieved without difficulty using 2-aminopyridine as a fluorometric label. In addition, 0.1-0.2 M phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) was found to be the mobile phase which produced the best separation. In vitro enzymatic degradation of the pyridylamino-DSS (PA-DSS5000, Mr 5000) using alpha-amylase and the in vivo metabolism in the rat feces after oral administration of PA-DSS5000 were then evaluated. Two small peaks of approximately Mr 380 and 600 appeared after co-incubation with alpha-amylase, indicating PA-DSS5000 may be considerably depolymerized. In vivo, however, PA-DSS5000 excreted in the feces was mainly of PA-DSS5000 polymer. No peaks of less than Mr 5000 were not clearly detectable in the feces because of background fluorescence attributable to gut lumen contents. This method of fluorometric analysis allows fairly selective detection of sulfated polysaccharides in biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan
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27
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Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Araki Y, Kimura T, Tsujikawa T, Bamba T. Role of complement activation and mast cell degranulation in the pathogenesis of rapid intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Digestion 2001; 63 Suppl 1:103-7. [PMID: 11173919 DOI: 10.1159/000051920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to define the putative role of complement activation and mucosal mast cell (MMC) degranulation in the pathogenesis of rapid ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. We prepared complement activity-depleted rats by the administration of the anti-complementary agent K-76COONa. To assess the role of MMC degranulation, we used the MMC stabilizer MAR-99 and genetically mast cell-deficient Ws/Ws rats. Autoperfused segments of the jejunum were exposed to 60 min of ischemia, followed by 60 min reperfusion. The epithelial permeability was assessed by (51)Cr-EDTA clearance rate, and the number of MMC was immunohistochemically assessed. I/R treatment induced a marked increase in mucosal permeability and MMC degranulation. The treatment with K-76COONa and MAR-99 significantly attenuated these changes. Furthermore, in Ws/Ws rats the increase in mucosal permeability and MMC degranulation was significantly attenuated. These findings indicate the role of complement activation and MMC activation in the pathogenesis of rapid intestinal I/R injury. A regulation of the complement activation and MMC degranulation may be one of the clinical strategies for prevention of I/R-induced mucosal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tsukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
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28
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Yamamoto K, Fujiyama Y, Andoh A, Bamba T, Okabe H. Oxidative stress increases MICA and MICB gene expression in the human colon carcinoma cell line (CaCo-2). Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1526:10-2. [PMID: 11287116 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(01)00099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The human major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related A gene (MICA) and the MICB gene are newly identified members of the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene family. We demonstrate here that oxidative stress, induced by H(2)O(2), promoted MICA (2.2-fold) and MICB (3.8-fold) gene expression using the human colon carcinoma cell line (CaCo-2) and semi-quantitative RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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29
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Nakamura F, Shintani Y, Saotome T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Effects of synthetic serine protease inhibitors on proliferation and collagen synthesis of human pancreatic periacinar fibroblast-like cells. Pancreas 2001; 22:317-25. [PMID: 11291936 DOI: 10.1097/00006676-200104000-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Protease inhibitors are currently used as therapeutic agents for chronic pancreatitis in Japan. We previously reported that human pancreatic periacinar fibroblast-like cells (hPFCs) could be cultured from isolated pancreatic acini, and those are thought to play a crucial role in pancreatic fibrosis correlating with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) (Pancreas 1997;14: 373-82). The present study was designed to examine the effects of synthetic serine protease inhibitors (FOY-007 and FOY-305) on proliferation and collagen synthesis of hPFCs under cytokine stimulation. The cell proliferation and collagen synthesis were evaluated using assays of [3H]-thymidine incorporation and procollagen type I c-terminal peptide (PIP), and [14C]-proline incorporation to de novo synthesized collagen, respectively. The cell proliferation stimulated by PDGF was inhibited by the application of FOY-007 dose dependently (1-100 microM) and FOY-305 at 100 microM. FOY-007 attenuated the collagen synthesis and PIP production stimulated by TGF-beta1 dose dependently, but FOY-305 inhibited only PIP production. Both protease inhibitors demonstrated no effect on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of hPFCs when they were not stimulated by PDGF or TGF-beta1. Thus, serine protease inhibitors act on hPFCs to diminish the effects of PDGF on proliferation and the effects of TGF-beta1 on collagen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
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30
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Abstract
A high-resolution analysis of polyprenol mixtures was achieved by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The separation of polyprenols was examined on an octadecylsilane-packed column with liquid carbon dioxide as the mobile phase and ethanol as modifier. Using this chromatography system, the resolution of separation (Rs) between octadecaprenol (prenol 18) and nonadecaprenol (prenol 19) was two times higher than that using conventional reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Our SFC technique allows the advantage of baseline separation of polyprenol samples containing hydrophobic components such as terpenes or fatty acids that are unfavorable for good separation. This method is very useful for the analysis of structurally close polyprenol analogues of rubber plant metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bamba
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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31
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Ito M, Yamamoto K, Sato H, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Inhibitory effect of troglitazone on glucuronidation catalyzed by human uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 56:893-5. [PMID: 11317477 DOI: 10.1007/s002280000252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Troglitazone is a useful new thiazolidinedione oral antidiabetic agent, but it is unpredictably hepatotoxic in about 1.9% of patients. In vitro studies of drug interactions are important in understanding the basis for the pharmacological and toxicological actions of drugs. In the present study, we investigated whether troglitazone inhibits uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 (UGT1A6) activity. METHODS Human cDNA-expressed UGT1A6 was coincubated with troglitazone (inhibitor) and 1-naphthol (substrate). The glucuronidation of 1-naphthol was determined to establish a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) and an inhibition (Ki) value. RESULTS Troglitazone inhibited UGT1A6 activity with an IC50 of 28 microM at a 1-naphthol concentration of 20 microM. The inhibition was a mixed-type mechanism with a Ki value of 20 microM. CONCLUSION Inhibitory effect of troglitazone is weak, however, co-administration of troglitazone might carry a drug concentration into the toxic range when the concentration approaches a threshold of toxicity by an inherent reduction of UGT1A6 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ito
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
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32
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Nishimura- M, Wakabayashi M, Hashimoto T, Shibata J, Ueyama H, Ebina M, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum: analysis of clonality of peritoneal tumors. J Gastroenterol 2001; 35:540-7. [PMID: 10905363 DOI: 10.1007/s005350070078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum (PSCP) is a primary neoplasm of peritoneal origin, and is histologically difficult to differentiate from papillary serous carcinoma of the ovary (PSCO). PSCP is frequently accompanied by many peritoneal tumors, and has been managed as a disseminated disease. In previous reports, however, the clonality of the tumors has not been fully discussed. Recently, the significant roles of the p53 and BRCA1 genes in PSCP have been reported. In this study, we investigated immunohistochemical staining for p53 proteins, and investigated p53 gene mutations, using DNA sequencing analysis, to clarify the clonality of PSCP tumors. Immunohistochemically, all the tumor samples demonstrated nuclear overexpression of p53 proteins, and the DNA sequencing analysis of the p53 gene showed diverse point mutations at codons 167 and 192 in two of four anatomically different tumors. In conclusion, the possibility of polyclonality of PSCP tumors is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishimura-
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ikuta Hospital, Shiga, Japan
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33
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Kanauchi O, Araki Y, Andoh A, Iwanaga T, Maeda N, Mitsuyama K, Bamba T, Hibi T. Effect of germinated barley foodstuff administration on mineral utilization in rodents. J Gastroenterol 2001; 35:188-94. [PMID: 10755687 DOI: 10.1007/s005350050329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Germinated barley foodstuff (GBF), which is derived from the aleurone and scutellum fractions of germinated barley, is rich in water-insoluble dietary fiber, which reportedly modulates mineral absorption in vivo. This study was conducted to examine whether GBF affects mineral absorption. We performed three experiments. In experiment 1, female ICR mice (4 weeks old) were fed a diet supplemented with 10% GBF or cellulose (CE; as a control) for 24 weeks. Body weight and food intake were recorded twice weekly. On the last experimental day, serum biochemical parameters, including electrolyte parameters, were determined, and major digestive organs were examined histopathologically. In experiment 2, male Sprague-Dawley rats (5 weeks old) were fed the CE and GBF diets, with the mineral content of the CE diet adjusted to the same level as that in the GBF diet, for 14 days, and the intake and fecal excretion of minerals (calcium, Ca; magnesium, Mg: Iron, Fe; Phosphate, P) were determined for the last 3 days. In experiment 3, the binding of Ca and Mg to GBF or cellulose and the release of Ca and Mg from GBF or cellulose was measured in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). Long-term administration of GBF did not affect the growth rate of mice. GBF did not inhibit the absorption of Ca and Mg, and rather promoted the absorption of Ca and Mg by the gastrointestinal tract. The absorption of Fe and P was not attenuated by GBF administration, and GBF contained only a low level of phytic acid. GBF did not inhibit mineral absorption, differing from the effect of other dietary fibers, and is expected to be useful as a dietary source of Ca and Mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kanauchi
- Applied Bioresearch Center, Corporate Research and Development Division, Kirin Brewery, Takasaki, Japan
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34
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Araki Y, Andoh A, Tsujikawa T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Alterations in intestinal microflora, faecal bile acids and short chain fatty acids in dextran sulphate sodium-induced experimental acute colitis in rats. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 13:107-12. [PMID: 11246608 DOI: 10.1097/00042737-200102000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physiological effects on faecal bile acids and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) or intestinal microflora in dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis remain unknown and are an area of interest DESIGN ALTERATIONS: of these parameters in DSS-induced colitis in rats were evaluated. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 10) were given a 3% DSS aqueous solution orally for 7 days. The concentrations of bile acids and SCFAs in the faeces were measured using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Intestinal microflora, especially anaerobes, were investigated by microbiological methods. RESULTS On day 7, the concentrations of lithocholic acid and alpha-muricholic acid were significantly decreased and that of cholic acid was significantly increased. There was a strong correlation between the concentration of cholic acid and the macroscopic area of damaged tissue in the colon (R = 0.74, P < 0.05). With respect to SCFAs, DSS administration significantly decreased the concentrations of acetic acid and n-butyric acid. There was also some correlation between the concentration of acetic acid and macroscopic damaged area in the colon (R = -0.60, P = 0.07). Bacteriological studies revealed significantly decreased eubacteria, bifidobacteria and total anaerobes after the administration of DSS. In contrast, lactobacilli were significantly increased. CONCLUSIONS With the progression of DSS-induced colitis, faecal bile acids, SCFAs and intestinal microflora were altered. It is possible that these alterations contribute in part to the progression of DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan
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Kanauchi O, Iwanaga T, Andoh A, Araki Y, Nakamura T, Mitsuyama K, Suzuki A, Hibi T, Bamba T. Dietary fiber fraction of germinated barley foodstuff attenuated mucosal damage and diarrhea, and accelerated the repair of the colonic mucosa in an experimental colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:160-8. [PMID: 11207896 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Germinated barley foodstuff (GBF) contains protein and insoluble dietary fiber. We have previously shown in ulcerative colitis patients and a colitis model that GBF feeding attenuates mucosal damage by increasing luminal butyrate levels. However, the detailed mechanism remains unclear because of its heterogeneous nature. The present study was carried out to: (i) evaluate the active ingredient in GBF; and (ii) examine its effect on the repair process in colonic inflammation by using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model. METHODS Colitis was induced by feeding a diet containing 0.5-3.5% DSS to male Sprague-Dawley rats. (i) Active ingredient: GBF was fractionated enzymatically into fiber- and protein-rich fractions. Each fraction was administered to DSS-colitis rats. Clinical signs, cecal short chain fatty acid concentrations and serum alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AAG) levels were determined. (ii) Effect on mucosal repair: GBF with or without salazosulfapyridine (SASP), or SASP alone was administered to rats after the onset of colitis. Seven days after initial treatment, the number of epithelial cells in HE sections was evaluated morphologically in a blind fashion and serum AAG was determined. RESULTS (i) Germinate barley foodstuff and GBF-fiber significantly attenuated the clinical signs of colitis and decreased serum AAG levels, with a significant increase in cecal butyrate production, while GBF-protein did not. (ii) Treatment with GBF alone and GBF plus SASP significantly accelerated colonic epithelial repair and improved clinical signs. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the fiber fraction of GBF may effectively enhance luminal butyrate production, and thereby accelerate colonic epithelial repair in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Kanauchi
- Applied Bioresearch Center, Corporate Research and Development Division, Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan.
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36
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Takenaka K, Fujiyama Y, Andoh A, Sasaki T, Amakata Y, Matsubara H, Hodohara K, Bamba T. Prevention of murine acute graft-versus-host disease by staphylococcal enterotoxin B treatment. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123:155-61. [PMID: 11168013 PMCID: PMC1905963 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Retroviral superantigens such as minor lymphocyte stimulating (Mls) antigen play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, it remains unclear how exogenous bacterial superantigens modulate acute GVHD. In this study, we tested the effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) on the development of acute GVHD in a model involving the systemic transfer of parental C57Bl/6 spleen cells into BDF1 mice. SEB treatment suppressed the expansion of donor-derived T cells and blocked the decrease in the number of host cells. Impaired haematopoiesis was actually rescued by treatment with SEB. In SEB-treated mice, both spontaneous proliferation and IL-2 production in T cells were suppressed on day 2 after parental cell infusion. On day 21, the number of donor-derived CD4+ Vbeta8+ T cells markedly decreased in the spleen of SEB-treated mice. Donor-derived CD4+ T cells failed to proliferate in response to host alloantigens, and both donor- and host-derived T cells were unable to produce IL-2 in response to concanavalin A stimulation, suggesting that SEB treatment induced a general immunosuppressive state. Our results indicate that SEB treatment prevents the development of acute GVHD by leading to unresponsiveness of donor-derived T cells against host alloantigens in a Vbeta-restricted and unrestricted manner.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Cell Division/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Disease Models, Animal
- Enterotoxins/administration & dosage
- Enterotoxins/therapeutic use
- Female
- Graft vs Host Disease/blood
- Graft vs Host Disease/immunology
- Graft vs Host Disease/pathology
- Graft vs Host Disease/prevention & control
- Hematopoiesis/immunology
- Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Lymphocyte Depletion
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred DBA
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/biosynthesis
- Staphylococcus aureus/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takenaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Coordination Centre and Blood Services Division,Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Otsu, Japan
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37
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Shibata N, Kitamura A, Yoshikawa Y, Inoue T, Bamba T, Takada K. Simultaneous Determination of Aciclovir and Ganciclovir in Plasma by HPLC and Pharmacokinetic Interactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1211/146080800128735593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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38
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Andoh A, Takaya H, Araki Y, Tsujikawa T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Medium- and long-chain fatty acids differentially modulate interleukin-8 secretion in human fetal intestinal epithelial cells. J Nutr 2000; 130:2636-40. [PMID: 11053499 DOI: 10.1093/jn/130.11.2636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary therapeutic effects of enteral nutrition in patients with Crohn's disease have been reported previously. Although the quantity and type of fat in enteral nutrition are considered to be important, it is unclear how fat modulates mucosal inflammatory responses in the intestine. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids (MCFA and LCFA) on interleukin (IL)-8 secretion in a fetal intestinal epithelial cell line, intestine-407 cells. IL-8 expression was evaluated at the protein and mRNA levels. The activation of nuclear factor-kappaB was assessed with an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay. The addition of oleic acid (LCFA) micelles, but not octanoic acid (MCFA) micelles, weakly but significantly enhanced basal IL-8 secretion in the intestine-407 cells. The addition of MCFA (5 mmol/L) induced a 40% increase in IL-1beta-induced IL-8 secretion and a 35% increase in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced IL-8 secretion, respectively. The addition of LCFA (5 mmol/L) induced a 140% increase in IL-1beta-induced IL-8 secretion and a 110% increase in TNF-alpha-induced IL-8 secretion, respectively. These responses were also observed at the mRNA levels. The electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay indicated that both MCFA and LCFA enhanced IL-1beta- and TNF-alpha-induced nuclear factor-kappaB activation. We demonstrated the proinflammatory activities of MCFA and especially LCFA. It is likely that medium-chain triglycerides may be more suitable than long-chain triglycerides as an energy source in enteral diets in the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
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39
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Araki Y, Tsujikawa T, Andoh A, Sasaki M, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Therapeutic effects of an oral adsorbent on acute dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and its recovery phase in rats, especially effects of elimination of bile acids in gut lumen. Dig Liver Dis 2000; 32:691-8. [PMID: 11142579 DOI: 10.1016/s1590-8658(00)80332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is still unknown. However, it is possible that faecal bile acids influence the clinical course. AIMS To evaluate the eliminating effects of faecal bile acids by the oral adsorbent on dextran sulphate sodium-induced rat colitis. METHODS Rats were given 3% dextran sulphate sodium aqueous solution for 7 days, with or without concomitant administration of oral adsorbent, or the rats were given dextran sulphate sodium for 7 days, followed with or without oral adsorbent for 5 days. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the colons and measurement of faecal bile acids were performed. The cytotoxicity of bile salts on Caco-2 cells was also evaluated. RESULTS Oral adsorbent tended to attenuate the dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis. Oral adsorbent was fairly effective in reducing faecal hyodeoxycholic acid concentration. A positive correlation was found between the size of the ulcer area and the faecal hyodeoxycholic acid concentration. In a cell culture study, cytotoxicity of bile acid was parallel with increasing hydrophobicity of the bile acid. However, hyodeoxycholate exhibited severe cytotoxicity, despite its hydrophilic properties. CONCLUSIONS Oral adsorbent tended to attenuate the dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and tended to promote the recovery process. It is possible that bile acids in the gut lumen influence the progression of dextran sulphate sodium-induced colitis and its repair process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan
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Nakajima S, Graham DY, Hattori T, Bamba T. Strategy for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults. I. Updated indications for test and eradication therapy suggested in 2000. Curr Pharm Des 2000; 6:1503-14. [PMID: 10974147 DOI: 10.2174/1381612003399112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since the report of culture of Helicobacter pylori in 1983, there has been increasing agreement that H. pylori infection is etiologically associated with a number of important diseases including chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, gastric polyps, gastric cancer, as well as suggestions that it may be involved in diseases outside the upper gastrointestinal tract. There have been a number of national and international consensus meetings to propose guidelines to treat H. pylori infection. The recommendations of these conferences are reviewed here and updated to include new indications and concepts regarding H. pylori eradication therapy. Eradication therapy is considered the standard of care for active or inactive peptic ulcer patients including those who use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Other strong indications include MALT lymphoma, hyperplastic polyps, hyperplastic gastropathy, post-endoscopic resection for gastric malignancy, and acute H. pylori gastritis. Other considerations include plan to use chronic NSAID therapy, plan for chronic anti-secretory therapy, and some extra-gastroduodenal diseases such as chronic ureterica. Non-investigated dyspepsia is an indication for diagnostic evaluation and eradication therapy for those with H. pylori infection, whereas non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) in which peptic ulcer disease has been excluded is not an indication for evaluation per se. Intervention studies are now in progress to test the hypothesis that prevention of gastric malignancy is an outcome of H. pylori eradication. Because the prevalence of H. pylori infection and the associated diseases such as peptic ulcer or gastric cancer differ among countries as well as different approvals for treatment are required by governments or insurance agencies, the acceptable indications of eradication therapy will, by necessity, vary among countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nakajima
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Social Insurance Shiga Hospital, 16-1 Fujimidai, Otsu, Shiga 520-0846, Japan.
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Abstract
We observed a case of acute biphenotypic leukemia with trisomy 10 as the sole abnormality. The patient was an adult male diagnosed with ALL(L2), Cell marker studies showed positivity for CD3, CD7, CD13 and CD33, so the phenotypic diagnosis was determined to be biphenotypic leukemia. No case of biphenotypic leukemia with trisomy 10 has been previously reported, until now.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Inoue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tukinowa, Otsu 520-2192, Japan.
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Araki Y, Fujiyama Y, Andoh A, Koyama S, Kanauchi O, Bamba T. The dietary combination of germinated barley foodstuff plus Clostridium butyricum suppresses the dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis in rats. Scand J Gastroenterol 2000; 35:1060-7. [PMID: 11099059 DOI: 10.1080/003655200451180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that dietary fiber exerts a therapeutic effect on IBD patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a dietary combination of germinated barley foodstuff (GBF), derived from the aleurone and scutellum fraction of germinated barley, plus Clostridium butyricum against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a 3% DSS diet containing GBF only, GBF plus C. butyricum, cellulose only (control) or cellulose plus C. butyricum for 8 days. The mucosal damage (macroscopic and microscopic inflammation) and fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels were then determined. RESULTS The combination of GBF plus C. butyricum most effectively prevented bloody diarrhea and mucosal damage. The GBF-only diet also showed some preventive effects. With respect to fecal SCFAs, the combination of GBF plus C. butyricum most effectively increased the fecal SCFA level. CONCLUSION The dietary combination of GBF plus C. butyricum most effectively suppressed DSS-induced experimental colitis in rats. These effects may be closely associated with its high activity to increase SCFA levels in the gut lumen. The potential clinical efficacy of GBF in IBD patients is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Dept. of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Japan
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43
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Miyagawa A, Yasuoka T, Sakabe H, Matsuda H, Nakajima S, Aoyama H, Kushima R, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. [A case of ulcerative colitis with ileus due to extensive stricture of the colon]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2000; 97:1267-71. [PMID: 11075591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Miyagawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Social Insurance Shiga Hospital
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44
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Abstract
The approach to the patient with suspected H. pylori infection consists of an adequate indication to test for the presence of the infection, choice of an appropriate antimicrobial regimen, and education about its use and side effects, followed by post-therapy testing to confirm cure. We review the drugs and regimens for H. pylori eradication and present a strategy for treating the infection. The major factor in choosing an antibiotic regimen is the pattern of antibiotic resistance in the community. Triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC) and two antimicrobials is recommended as the first choice regimen. In regions where metronidazole and clarithromycin resistance are common, initial therapy with quadruple therapy consisting of bismuth, metronidazole, tetracycline, and a PPI is recommended. In general, higher doses and longer durations are associated with better outcomes. For this reason we recommend that the minimum duration of 10 days and we prefer 14 days. The actual choice of the antimicrobial combination will also be influenced by the drugs approved by the local regulatory bodies. Side effects, eradication failure and current as well as future designs of eradication therapies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nakajima
- Department of Medicine/Gastroenterology, Social Insurance Shiga Hospital, 16-1 Fujimidai, Otsu, Shiga 520-0846, Japan.
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Okamoto T, Sasaki M, Tsujikawa T, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T, Kusunoki M. Preventive efficacy of butyrate enemas and oral administration of Clostridium butyricum M588 in dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in rats. J Gastroenterol 2000; 35:341-6. [PMID: 10832668 DOI: 10.1007/s005350050358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Butyrate enemas have been reported to be effective in ulcerative colitis. However, long-term use is difficult because of the troublesome procedure and the unpleasant smell. We therefore investigated the effects of the oral administration of Clostridium butyricum M588 (CBM588), an enterobacterium producing butyrate, in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. First, we confirmed the effects of pre-treatment with a butyrate enema on DSS colitis. We then studied the efficacy of oral administration of CBM588 which was started 1 week prior to the induction of DSS colitis. In the CBM588 group, the ulcer index and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the distal colon were significantly lower than in the control group. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immuno-positive cells were increased around the ulcer in the CBM588 group. In regard to the contents of the cecum and colon, the proportions of Lactobacillus and Eubacterium were increased in the cecum in the CBM588 group. Further, there were significant increases of n-butyrate, propionate, and acetate concentrations in the cecum in the CBM588 group. These results indicated that the oral administration of CBM588 alleviated DSS-induced colitis, and may be useful instead of butyrate enema.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Okamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta, Otsu, Japan
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Koyama S, Bamba T. [Gastric acid secretion in gastroesophageal reflex disease]. Nihon Rinsho 2000; 58:1800-3. [PMID: 11004805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The gastric acid secretion was evaluated by serum pepsinogen I/II ratio and serum Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody titer in gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) patient. GERD patients was 81 patients. Los-Angeles classification (LA)O, so called endoscopy negative reflux disease, was 6 patients, and LA-O-B patients was 68 patients. Helicobacter pylori infection ratio in GERD patients was 50.6%(41/81 patients). Pepsinogen I/II ratio in Helicobacter pylori positive GERD patients was no significant different from Helicobacter pylori negative GERD patients. We concluded that the gastric acid secretion in GERD patients was normal secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koyama
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science
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Araki Y, Andoh A, Koyama S, Fujiyama Y, Kanauchi O, Bamba T. Effects of germinated barley foodstuff on microflora and short chain fatty acid production in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64:1794-800. [PMID: 11055379 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.64.1794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Germinated barley foodstuff (GBF) administration has been previously reported to suppress dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis. In this study, we investigated the roles of the intestinal microflora and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) following administration of GBF in DSS-induced rat colitis. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 3% (w/w of diet) DSS in GBF-diets for 5 days. The control rats were fed 3% DSS in cellulose-diets for 5 days. The administration of GBF effectively prevented bloody diarrhea and mucosal damage as compared to control rats. GBF significantly elevated fecal acetic acid and n-butyric acid levels. GBF tended to increase the number of eubacteria and that of bifidobacteria as compared to control rats. In addition, the number of enterobacteriaceae, the total number of aerobes and bacteroidaseae, were significantly lower in rats fed GBF than in the control group. It is suggested that the therapeutic effects of GBF for DSS-induced colitis depend mainly on increased SCFAs, which are accompanied by changes of composition of intestinal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Araki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagahama Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan
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Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Shimada M, Bamba T. Modulation of complement component (C3 and factor B) biosynthesis by a histone deacetylase inhibitor in human intestinal epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2000; 6:51-4. [PMID: 10851266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium butyrate enhances TNF-alpha-induced complement C3 secretion but suppresses TNF-alpha-induced factor B secretion in intestinal epithelial cells. To further evaluate the mechanism underlying these responses, we assessed the effects of trichostatin A, a compound structurally unrelated to butyrate and a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase. The C3 and factor B secretion was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Northern blot, and the activation of transcription factor was assessed by an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). Like sodium butyrate, trichostatin A enhanced TNF-alpha-induced C3 secretion, but suppressed TNF-alpha-induced factor B secretion. These effects were also observed at the level of mRNA. EMSAs indicated that trichostatin A weakly suppressed TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB and NF-IL6 activation. These observations differ from previous reports that sodium butyrate potently suppressed NF-kappaB activation but enhanced NF-IL6 activation. Trichostatin A modulated TNF-alpha-induced C3 and factor B secretion in a manner similar to that induced by sodium butyrate, suggesting that both sodium butyrate and trichostatin A exert certain counter-regulatory effects associated with histone hyperacetylation. However, it remains to be determined which factors other than histone acetylation are responsible for the counter-regulation of TNF-alpha-induced C3 and factor B gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
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Andoh A, Takaya H, Saotome T, Shimada M, Hata K, Araki Y, Nakamura F, Shintani Y, Fujiyama Y, Bamba T. Cytokine regulation of chemokine (IL-8, MCP-1, and RANTES) gene expression in human pancreatic periacinar myofibroblasts. Gastroenterology 2000; 119:211-9. [PMID: 10889171 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2000.8538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We have previously isolated and characterized human pancreatic periacinar myofibroblasts. In this study, to define the role of these cells in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, we investigated chemokine expression in them. METHODS Secretion of chemokines (interleukin [IL]-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein [MCP]-1, RANTES, and MIP [macrophage inflammatory protein]-1alpha) was evaluated by ELISA, Northern blotting, and nuclear run-on assays. The activation of NF-kappaB and NF-IL6 was assessed by an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay. RESULTS IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion was rapidly induced by both IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. RANTES secretion was induced more slowly and was induced mainly by TNF-alpha. However, MIP-1alpha secretion was not induced by any stimuli. These responses were also observed at the messenger RNA level, and they were accompanied by an increase in transcriptional rate. The increase in transcriptional activation of chemokine genes correlated with the NF-kappaB and NF-IL6 activation. Furthermore, a blockade of NF-kappaB activation by PDTC and TPCK markedly reduced the IL-1beta- or TNF-alpha-induced chemokine gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Chemokine secretion is differentially regulated in pancreatic periacinar myofibroblasts, suggesting a role for these cells in mediating the infiltration and accumulation of inflammatory cells in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Andoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta-Tukinowa, Otsu, Japan.
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Andoh A, Fujiyama Y, Shimada M, Bamba T. Modulation of complement component (C3 and factor B) biosynthesis by a histone deacetylase inhibitor in human intestinal epithelial cells. Int J Mol Med 2000. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.6.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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