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Ferreira-Lucena LR, Xavier AISF, Netto AM, Magnata SDSLP, Siqueira Lima G, Amaral A. Extending culture time to improve Mitotic Index for cytogenetic dosimetry. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:1029-1040. [PMID: 38787719 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2356545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the effects of extending lymphocyte cultivation time on the Mitotic Index, frequency of first-division cells, and dose estimation after irradiating blood samples with different doses of radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood samples from two healthy male volunteers were separately irradiated with three doses (3, 5, and 6 Gy) using a 60Co gamma source (average dose rate: 1.48 kGy.h-1) and cultivated in vitro for conventional (48 h) and extended (56, 68, and 72 h) amounts of time. Colcemid (0.01 µg.mL-1) was added at the beginning of the culture period. Cells were fixed, stained with fluorescence plus Giemsa (FPG), and analyzed under a light microscope. The effects of prolonged culture duration on the Mitotic Index (MI), frequency of first-division cells (M1 cells), and the First-Division Mitotic Index (FDMI) were investigated. The estimation of delivered doses was conducted using a conventional 48h-culture calibration curve. RESULTS Overall, cells presented higher MI (up to 12-fold) with the extension of culture, while higher radiation doses led to lower MI values (up to 80% reduction at 48 h). Cells irradiated with higher doses (5 and 6 Gy) had the most significant increase (5- to 12-fold) of MI as the cultivation was prolonged. The frequency of M1 cells decreased with the prolongation of culture for all doses (up to 75% reduction), while irradiated cells presented higher frequencies of M1 cells than non-irradiated ones. FDMI increased for all irradiated cultures but most markedly in those irradiated with higher doses (up to 10-fold). The conventional 48h-culture calibration curve proved adequate for assessing the delivered dose based on dicentric frequency following a 72-hour culture. CONCLUSION Compared to the conventional 48-hour protocol, extending the culture length to 72 hours significantly increased the Mitotic Index and the number of first-division metaphases of irradiated lymphocytes, providing slides with a better scorable metaphase density. Extending the culture time to 72 hours, combined with FPG staining to score exclusively first-division metaphases, improved the counting of dicentric chromosomes. The methodology presented and discussed in this study can be a powerful tool for dicentric-based biodosimetry, especially when exposure to high radiation doses is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Rodolfo Ferreira-Lucena
- Nuclear Energy Department, Laboratory of Modeling and Biological Dosimetry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - André Maciel Netto
- Nuclear Energy Department, Laboratory of Modeling and Biological Dosimetry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Giovanna Siqueira Lima
- Nuclear Energy Department, Laboratory of Modeling and Biological Dosimetry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ademir Amaral
- Nuclear Energy Department, Laboratory of Modeling and Biological Dosimetry, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Liu G, Zhang R, Li Y, Wu XQ, Niu LM, Liu YY, Zhang X. Study of Low-Dose Radiation Workers Ionizing Radiation Sensitivity Index and Radiation Dose-Effect Relationship. HEALTH PHYSICS 2022; 123:332-339. [PMID: 35775597 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, we analyzed radiation injuries to Chinese workers exposed to low-dose radiation. We discuss the relationships between dose and injury. METHODS This study randomly selected 976 radiation workers who underwent occupational health monitoring. The radiation workers were divided into 5 different types of work: radiation diagnosis, radiation therapy, interventional therapy, nuclear medicine, and industrial inspection. This research was approved by the Bioethics Committee at the Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS The average annual cumulative dose to interventional radiation workers was the highest, i.e., 0.86 mSv. The detection rate of lens opacity was 37%, but 99.70% of lens opacities occurred in the peripheral cortex. Posterior subcapsular opacification was detected less than 1.00% of the time. The rate of chromosomal aberrations was highest for radiological workers with more than 20 years of service. Annual cumulative dose reached 2.04 mSv, and the monitoring dose for 3 months was as high as 1.62 mSv. Dicentric chromosomes were also detected. The manual packaging and drug delivery nuclear medicine staffs totaled 14 individuals. 131 131 was detected in the thyroids of 4 workers (28.57%). The detection rate of thyroid 131 I was higher in the hand-packed and administered group than in the automatic administration group. CONCLUSION Radiation workers exposed to low doses of radiation can sustain injuries. Interventional radiology workers receive the highest doses and sustain the most significant effects. This study suggests that chromosome aberration analysis is an important index in occupational health monitoring of radiological workers. Monitoring of internal radiation exposure cannot be ignored for nuclear medicine staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Gansu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Joint Laboratory of Institute of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), No. 310 Dong Gang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Bi J, Dai H, Feng J, Bian H, Chen W, Wang Y, Liu Y, Huang Y. Rapid and High-Throughput Detection of Peripheral Blood Chromosome Aberrations in Radiation Workers. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819840852. [PMID: 31024224 PMCID: PMC6472166 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819840852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a pressing need to establish automated solutions for the rapid,
high-throughput, and automatic detection of chromosome aberrations (CAs) in the
occupational health surveillance of large-scale radiation workers. Here, we
described and verified the accuracy of a new measurement system based on the
automatic scanning and analysis of dicentric chromosomes (DICs). The effects of
cell number on DIC detection by automatic scanning and analysis were studied,
and the distribution of DIC values per cell was calculated. In total, 1088 cases
were detected by automatic DIC scanning and analysis in 26 663 radiation
workers, and 73 cases were further confirmed by a technician, including 5 cases
in which radiation exposure lead to harmful medical consequences. Our approach
reduces the workload by 96% and increases the speed of assessment approximately
7-fold. Overall, this study validates the utility of a novel rapid and
high-throughput CA detection procedure as a means of occupational health
surveillance of large-scale radiation workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinling Bi
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The Second Peoples Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Dai
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junchao Feng
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huahui Bian
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weibo Chen
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Youyou Wang
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Peoples Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Dai H, Feng J, Bian H, Chen W, Wang Y, Liu Y, Hu W. Complete Technical Scheme for Automatic Biological Dose Estimation Platform. Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818799951. [PMID: 30302068 PMCID: PMC6170965 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818799951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To establish a complete technical solution for the automatic radiation biological dose estimation platform for biological dose estimation and classification of the wounded in large-scale radiation accidents, the “dose–effect curve by dicentric chromosome (DIC) automatic analysis” was established and its accuracy was verified. The effects of analyzed cell number and the special treatment of the culture on dose estimation by DIC automatic analysis were studied. Besides, sample processing capabilities of the special equipments were tested. The fitted “dose–effect curve by DIC automatic analysis” was presented as follows: Y = (0.01806 ± 0.00032) D2 + (0.01279 ± 0.00084) D + (0.0004891 ± 0.0001358) (R2 = 0.961). Three-gradient scanning method, culture refrigeration method, and interprofessional collaboration under extreme conditions were proposed to improve the detection speed, prolong the sample processing time window, and reduce the equipment investment. In addition, the optimized device allocation ratio for the automatic biological dose estimation laboratory was proposed to eliminate the efficiency bottleneck. The complete set of technical solutions for the high-throughput automatic biological dose estimation laboratory proposed in this study can meet the requirements of early classification and rapid biological dose assessment of the wounded during the large-scale nuclear radiation events, and it is worthy of further promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Dai
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junchao Feng
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huahui Bian
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weibo Chen
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Youyou Wang
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- Department of Nuclear Accident Medical Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou, China
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Dose response of multiple parameters for calyculin A-induced premature chromosome condensation in human peripheral blood lymphocytes exposed to high doses of cobalt-60 gamma-rays. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 807:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yan G, Wen Z, Chaoxian G, Changye H, Xueqin Y, Xinyue Y, Zhimin L. A Simple Method for Human Whole Blood Microcultures and Its Application in Radiation Biodosimetry. HEALTH PHYSICS 2015; 109:323-326. [PMID: 26313591 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The scoring of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus and dicentric chromosomes in human peripheral blood lymphocytes is used as a dosimeter of radiation exposure. A detailed methodology is presented for human whole blood microculture for cytogenetic analysis. The technique described yields more than sufficient numbers of mitotic lymphocytes for analyzing micronuclei and chromosome aberrations following exposure to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Yan
- *Shenzhen Major Occupation Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Technology Key Laboratory, Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Shenzhen, China
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Gricienė B, Slapšytė G, Mierauskienė J. Cytogenetic monitoring of nuclear workers occupationally exposed to ionising radiation. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014; 159:10-19. [PMID: 24748484 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncu124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome aberration (CA) analysis using Giemsa techniques was performed in blood lymphocytes of 84 nuclear workers with cumulative doses of 1-632 mSv during employment periods of 1-25 y. The control group comprised 82 healthy male donors. An estimated CA frequency in the total radiation-exposed group was significantly higher when compared with the controls (2.27 vs. 1.76 CA/100 cells, p < 0.05). CA analyses revealed no significant differences between workers with external gamma radiation exposure and the controls (1.60 vs. 1.76 CA/100 cells, p > 0.05). However, significant increase in the total CA frequency was determined in workers with additional internal exposure (2.54 CA/100 cells, p < 0.05) and those with registered neutron doses (2.95 CA/100 cells, p < 0.01). No correlation was found between CA frequency and occupational exposure dose. Borderline significant correlation was found between duration of employment and total CA (r = 0.218, p = 0.046, Fig. 2) and chromosome-type aberration (r = 0.265, p = 0.015) frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gricienė
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Physics of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariškių 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - G Slapšytė
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - J Mierauskienė
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vilnius University, M.K. Čiurlionio 21/27, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Liu QJ, Lu X, Zhao XT, Feng JB, Lü YM, Jiang EH, Zhang SL, Chen DQ, Jia TZ, Liang L. Assessment of retrospective dose estimation, with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), of six victims previously exposed to accidental ionizing radiation. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 759:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Revised: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Everatt R, Slapšytė G, Mierauskienė J, Dedonytė V, Bakienė L. Biomonitoring study of dry cleaning workers using cytogenetic tests and the comet assay. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2013; 10:609-621. [PMID: 24116666 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2013.818238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Perchloroethylene (PCE) is the main solvent used in the dry cleaning industry worldwide. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of occupational exposure to PCE in dry cleaning workers. The study was carried out in 59 volunteers (30 workers, 29 controls). The genotoxic effect was evaluated by analyzing chromosome aberrations (CAs), and micronuclei (MN) and DNA damage (assessed by the comet assay) in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Environmental monitoring of exposure was carried out on personal breathing zone air samples collected during two consecutive working days by measuring the concentration of PCE air levels. The mean PCE concentration in workplace air of dry cleaning workers was 31.40 mg/m(3). There were no significant differences in CA frequency between dry cleaning workers and the controls, but analysis showed a significant association of CA frequency with employment duration and frequency of exposure to PCE. The MN frequency and DNA damage detected by alkaline comet assay were significantly increased in dry cleaning workers compared to the controls. The results suggest that (a) chronic occupational exposure to dry cleaning solvents below permissible occupational exposure limit of 70 mg/m(3) (i.e., ~10.3 ppm) may lead to an increased risk of genetic damage among dry cleaning workers, and (b) CA, MN tests, and comet assay are useful to monitor populations exposed to low doses of PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rūta Everatt
- a Group of Epidemiology, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
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Liu Q, Wang X, Zhang J, Chen W, He X, Lin Y, Wang J, Zhu Y, Hu S, Wang X. Mapping cynomolgus monkey MHC class I district on chromosome 6p13 using pooled cDNAs. Biotech Histochem 2009; 82:267-72. [PMID: 18074272 DOI: 10.1080/10520290701753987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Broadhead KW, Biran R, Tresco PA. Hollow fiber membrane diffusive permeability regulates encapsulated cell line biomass, proliferation, and small molecule release. Biomaterials 2002; 23:4689-99. [PMID: 12361607 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(02)00212-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Using histological and HPLC methods, we examined the influence of hollow fiber membrane transport properties on encapsulated PC12 cell biomass, proliferation and the release of dopamine over 4 weeks in culture. Our data indicated that encapsulated cell biomass, the number of proliferating cells, and the quantity of dopamine released increased as a function of increasing hollow fiber encapsulation membrane diffusive permeability. Overall the percentage of viable cells and the biomass architecture, however, was not significantly affected by differences in membrane transport. When compared to membrane sieving properties, membrane diffusive transport and membrane hydraulic permeability were better indicators of biomass size, proliferating cell number, and dopamine release from encapsulated cells. Studies examining the sustained release of DA from membranes of differing permeability suggest that membrane diffusive permeability can be used to regulate the quantity of small molecules released per unit time at steady state, and should be considered when dosing is an important determinant of implant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly W Broadhead
- Keck Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Room 108 South 2030 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-9458, USA
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Slapsyte G, Jankauskiene A, Mierauskiene J, Lazutka JR. Cytogenetic analysis of children under long-term antibacterial therapy with nitroheterocyclic compound furagin. Mutat Res 2001; 491:25-30. [PMID: 11287294 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(01)00131-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytogenetic analysis of chromosome aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) was performed in 109 blood samples from 95 pediatric patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs). Children were exposed to diagnostic levels of X-rays during voiding cystourethrography and subsequently treated for one to 12 months with low doses of furagin - N-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-allylidene-1-aminohydantoin. Furagin is 2-substituted 5-nitrofuran, chemically and structurally similar to well-known antibacterial compound nitrofurantoin. Increased frequencies of CAs were found in children undergoing voiding cystourethrography as compared with the unexposed, acentric fragments being the most frequent alteration (2.03 versus 0.88 per 100 cells, P=0.006). However, a significant decrease in the frequency of acentric fragments was determined with the time elapsed since X-ray examination was performed. A time-independent increase in SCE frequency was found in lymphocytes of children treated with furagin. Total CA frequency did not differ significantly between groups of children with various duration of furagin treatment. However, frequency of chromatid exchanges (triradials and quadriradials) increased significantly with duration of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Slapsyte
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Vilnius University, 21 Ciurlionis St., 2009, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Bai Y, Chen D. Accumulative effect of two low doses of irradiation in inducing an adaptive response in human lymphocytes. Mutat Res 1993; 302:191-6. [PMID: 7688856 DOI: 10.1016/0165-7992(93)90103-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A chromosomal adaptive response to Co-60 gamma-rays in human lymphocytes was observed over a range of 1-20 cGy pre-exposure doses, with 1 cGy giving optimal reduction in chromatid breaks. A 0.5 cGy dose, which in itself did not induce an adaptive response, did so when given twice within the same cell cycle, and the magnitude of the accumulative effect was strongest when there was an interval of 6 h between the two adaptive doses and between the second adaptive dose and a challenge dose. Reductions equivalent in effect to a single 1 cGy dose were seen when a 0.5 cGy dose was given twice. Delivering two 1 cGy doses had no greater effect than did a single 1 cGy dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Bai
- Laboratory of Industrial Hygiene, Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, China
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