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Sekhohola-Dlamini L, Tekere M. Microbiology of municipal solid waste landfills: a review of microbial dynamics and ecological influences in waste bioprocessing. Biodegradation 2019; 31:1-21. [PMID: 31512011 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-019-09890-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste landfills are widely used as a waste management tool and landfill microbiology is at the core of waste degradation in these ecosystems. This review investigates the microbiology of municipal solid waste landfills, focusing on the current state of knowledge pertaining to microbial diversity and functions facilitating in situ waste bioprocessing, as well as ecological factors influencing microbial dynamics in landfills. Bioprocessing of waste in municipal landfills emanates from substrate metabolism and co-metabolism by several syntrophic microorganisms, resulting in partial transformation of complex substrates into simpler polymeric compounds and complete mineralisation into inorganic salts, water and gases including the biofuel gas methane. The substrate decomposition is characterised by evolution and interactions of different bacterial, archaeal and fungal groups due to prevailing biotic and abiotic conditions in the landfills, allowing for hydrolytic, fermentative, acetogenic and methanogenic processes to occur. Application of metagenomics studies based on high throughput Next Generation Sequencing technique has advanced research on profiling of the microbial communities in municipal solid waste landfills. However, functional diversity and bioprocess dynamics, as well as key factors influencing the in situ bioprocesses involved in landfill waste degradation; the very elements that are key in determining the efficiency of municipal landfills as tools of waste management, remain ambiguous. Such gaps also hinder progressive understanding of fundamentals that underlie technology development based on waste biodegradation, and exploration of municipal waste as a bioresource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lerato Sekhohola-Dlamini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida, P.O. Box X6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa.
| | - Memory Tekere
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa (UNISA), Florida, P.O. Box X6, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa
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Pearse LF, Hettiaratchi JP, Kumar S. Towards developing a representative biochemical methane potential (BMP) assay for landfilled municipal solid waste - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 254:312-324. [PMID: 29395741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of slurry-based (semi-liquids) BMP assay in determining biodegradation kinetic parameters of landfilled waste is critically reviewed. Factors affecting the amount and rate of methane (CH4) production during anaerobic degradation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and optimal values of these factors specific to landfill conditions are presented. The history of conventional BMP, and some existing procedures are reviewed. A landfill BMP (LBMP) assay is proposed that manipulates some of the key factors, such as moisture content, particle and sample size, that affects the rate of CH4 production and the CH4 generation potential of landfilled MSW (LMSW). By selecting proper conditions for these factors, a representative BMP assay could be conducted to ensure accurate determinations of CH4 potential and the kinetic parameters k; first order rate coefficient and Lo; methane generation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauretta Feyisetan Pearse
- Center for Environmental Engineering Research and Education (CEERE), Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph Patrick Hettiaratchi
- Center for Environmental Engineering Research and Education (CEERE), Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Mrag, Nagpur 440 020, India.
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Karanjekar RV, Bhatt A, Altouqui S, Jangikhatoonabad N, Durai V, Sattler ML, Hossain MDS, Chen V. Estimating methane emissions from landfills based on rainfall, ambient temperature, and waste composition: The CLEEN model. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 46:389-398. [PMID: 26346020 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Accurately estimating landfill methane emissions is important for quantifying a landfill's greenhouse gas emissions and power generation potential. Current models, including LandGEM and IPCC, often greatly simplify treatment of factors like rainfall and ambient temperature, which can substantially impact gas production. The newly developed Capturing Landfill Emissions for Energy Needs (CLEEN) model aims to improve landfill methane generation estimates, but still require inputs that are fairly easy to obtain: waste composition, annual rainfall, and ambient temperature. To develop the model, methane generation was measured from 27 laboratory scale landfill reactors, with varying waste compositions (ranging from 0% to 100%); average rainfall rates of 2, 6, and 12 mm/day; and temperatures of 20, 30, and 37°C, according to a statistical experimental design. Refuse components considered were the major biodegradable wastes, food, paper, yard/wood, and textile, as well as inert inorganic waste. Based on the data collected, a multiple linear regression equation (R(2)=0.75) was developed to predict first-order methane generation rate constant values k as functions of waste composition, annual rainfall, and temperature. Because, laboratory methane generation rates exceed field rates, a second scale-up regression equation for k was developed using actual gas-recovery data from 11 landfills in high-income countries with conventional operation. The Capturing Landfill Emissions for Energy Needs (CLEEN) model was developed by incorporating both regression equations into the first-order decay based model for estimating methane generation rates from landfills. CLEEN model values were compared to actual field data from 6 US landfills, and to estimates from LandGEM and IPCC. For 4 of the 6 cases, CLEEN model estimates were the closest to actual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa V Karanjekar
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| | - Arpita Bhatt
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| | - Said Altouqui
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| | - Neda Jangikhatoonabad
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Vennila Durai
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Melanie L Sattler
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| | - M D Sahadat Hossain
- Department of Civil Engineering, 416 Yates Street, Suite 425, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| | - Victoria Chen
- Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Box 19017, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
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Fauziah SH, Agamuthu P. Trends in sustainable landfilling in Malaysia, a developing country. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2012; 30:656-663. [PMID: 22455994 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x12437564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In Malaysia, landfills are being filled up rapidly due to the current daily generation of approximately 30,000 tonnes of municipal solid waste. This situation creates the crucial need for improved landfilling practices, as sustainable landfilling technology is yet to be achieved here. The objective of this paper is to identify and evaluate the development and trends in landfilling practices in Malaysia. In 1970, the disposal sites in Malaysia were small and prevailing waste disposal practices was mere open-dumping. This network of relatively small dumps, typically located close to population centres, was considered acceptable for a relatively low population of 10 million in Malaysia. In the 1980s, a national programme was developed to manage municipal and industrial wastes more systematically and to reduce adverse environmental impacts. The early 1990s saw the privatization of waste management in many parts of Malaysia, and the establishment of the first sanitary landfills for MSW and an engineered landfill (called 'secure landfill' in Malaysia) for hazardous waste. A public uproar in 2007 due to contamination of a drinking water source from improper landfilling practices led to some significant changes in the government's policy regarding the country's waste management strategy. Parliament passed the Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management (SWPCM) Act 2007 in August 2007. Even though the Act is yet to be implemented, the government has taken big steps to improve waste management system further. The future of the waste management in Malaysia seems somewhat brighter with a clear waste management policy in place. There is now a foundation upon which to build a sound and sustainble waste management and disposal system in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Fauziah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Kumar S, Chiemchaisri C, Mudhoo A. Bioreactor landfill technology in municipal solid waste treatment: An overview. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 31:77-97. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2010.492206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Barlaz MA, Ham RK, Schaefer DM, Isaacson R. Methane production from municipal refuse: A review of enhancement techniques and microbial dynamics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10643389009388384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morton A. Barlaz
- a Department of Civil Engineering , North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Robert K. Ham
- b Department of Civil Engineering , University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel M. Schaefer
- c Departments of Meat and Animal Science and Bacteriology , University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ron Isaacson
- d Department of Environment and Safety , Gas Research Institute , Chicago, Illinois
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Elagroudy SA, Abdel-Razik MH, Warith MA, Ghobrial FH. Waste settlement in bioreactor landfill models. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2008; 28:2366-74. [PMID: 18191560 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Revised: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Prediction of landfill settlement is one of the important parameters that affects the design and maintenance of bioreactor landfills. Due to the large number of variables involved in the settlement mechanism, accurate prediction of landfill settlement is a real challenge. The operational protocol of a landfill, the presence of municipal sludge from treatment plants, the addition of soybean peroxidase (SBP) enzymes, and the fraction of organic matter in the municipal solid waste (MSW) have to be reflected in the parameters of any model used to predict the settlement of MSW. In this work, a biodegradation-induced settlement model incorporating two parameters (A and B) was developed. The settlement data of two researchers were used to estimate the parameter values with two different approaches; the first considered the overall experiment and results, and the second separated the aerobic phase, if present, from the anaerobic phase. The rate of initial settlement occurring under aerobic conditions has been greater than that under anaerobic conditions. Parameters increased with the increase in the concentration of enzymes and with the presence of sludge in both aerobic and anaerobic stages. Increasing organic content of MSW has resulted in the enhancement of the biodegradation rate and settlement. This has been reflected on the higher values of the parameters compared to their values in the absence of organic waste.
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Erses AS, Onay TT, Yenigun O. Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic degradation of municipal solid waste in bioreactor landfills. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:5418-5426. [PMID: 18082400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2007] [Revised: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two landfill bioreactors were operated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in a thermo-insulated room at a constant temperature of 32 degrees C. Reactors were filled with 19.5 kg of shredded synthetic solid waste prepared according to the average municipal solid waste compositions determined in Istanbul and operated under wet-tomb management strategy by using leachate recirculation. Aerobic conditions in the reactor were developed by using an air compressor. The results of experiments indicated that aerobic reactor had higher organic, nitrogen, phosphorus and alkali metal removal efficiencies than the anaerobic one. Furthermore, stabilization time considerably decreased when using aerobic processes with leachate recirculation compared to the anaerobic system with the same recirculation scheme.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suna Erses
- Bogazici University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Bebek, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey
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Kasali G, Senior E, Watson-Craik IA. Preliminary investigation of the influence of pH on the solid-state refuse methanogenic fermentation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1988.tb01890.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Urgun-Demirtas M, Singh D, Pagilla K. Laboratory investigation of biodegradability of a polyurethane foam under anaerobic conditions. Polym Degrad Stab 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pommier S, Chenu D, Quintard M, Lefebvre X. A logistic model for the prediction of the influence of water on the solid waste methanization in landfills. Biotechnol Bioeng 2007; 97:473-82. [PMID: 17149769 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This article deals with the impact of water content of solid waste on biogas production kinetics in landfills. This impact has been proved in the laboratory thanks to anaerobic biodegradation experiments on paper/cardboard waste samples. A strong dependence with the moisture level was observed for both kinetic rates and maximum methane production. In this article, a logistic model is proposed to simulate the biogas production rate. It is chosen as simple as possible in order to allow for a correct identification of the model parameters given the experimental data available. The moisture dependency is introduced through a linear weighing of the biomass specific growth rate and of the amount of accessible organic substrate. It is directly linked to physical properties of the waste: the holding capacity and the minimal moisture level allowing the presence of free water.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pommier
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Procédés de l'Environnement, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
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Sanphoti N, Towprayoon S, Chaiprasert P, Nopharatana A. The effects of leachate recirculation with supplemental water addition on methane production and waste decomposition in a simulated tropical landfill. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2006; 81:27-35. [PMID: 16580123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2003] [Revised: 10/03/2005] [Accepted: 10/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to increase methane production efficiency, leachate recirculation is applied in landfills to increase moisture content and circulate organic matter back into the landfill cell. In the case of tropical landfills, where high temperature and evaporation occurs, leachate recirculation may not be enough to maintain the moisture content, therefore supplemental water addition into the cell is an option that could help stabilize moisture levels as well as stimulate biological activity. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of leachate recirculation and supplemental water addition on municipal solid waste decomposition and methane production in three anaerobic digestion reactors. Anaerobic digestion with leachate recirculation and supplemental water addition showed the highest performance in terms of cumulative methane production and the stabilization period time required. It produced an accumulated methane production of 54.87 l/kg dry weight of MSW at an average rate of 0.58 l/kg dry weight/d and reached the stabilization phase on day 180. The leachate recirculation reactor provided 17.04 l/kg dry weight at a rate of 0.14l/kg dry weight/d and reached the stabilization phase on day 290. The control reactor provided 9.02 l/kg dry weight at a rate of 0.10 l/kg dry weight/d, and reached the stabilization phase on day 270. Increasing the organic loading rate (OLR) after the waste had reached the stabilization phase made it possible to increase the methane content of the gas, the methane production rate, and the COD removal. Comparison of the reactors' efficiencies at maximum OLR (5 kgCOD/m(3)/d) in terms of the methane production rate showed that the reactor using leachate recirculation with supplemental water addition still gave the highest performance (1.56 l/kg dry weight/d), whereas the leachate recirculation reactor and the control reactor provided 0.69 l/kg dry weight/d and 0.43 l/kg dry weight/d, respectively. However, when considering methane composition (average 63.09%) and COD removal (average 90.60%), slight differences were found among these three reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sanphoti
- The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, 91 Prachauthhit Road, Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
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Dollar LH. Moisture retention of municipal solid waste mixed with sewage sludge and ash in a semi-arid climate. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2005; 23:209-19. [PMID: 15988940 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x05055376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Mechanisms involved in moisture storage in refuse are explored using data from four sets of experiments in a semi-arid climate. Two laboratory series of experiments contained municipal solid waste (MSW) amended with sewage sludge, one with higher proportions of ash in the MSW than the other. Outdoor experiments contained waste streams with different proportions of ash. Field cells compared moisture retention of refuse and MSW co-disposed with sewage sludge. Sewage sludge at high loads was found to increase the moisture storage relative to unamended MSW. Belt-pressed sludge retained water as bound water that was released by decay and changing pH. Sun-dried sludge also retained more moisture than MSW alone. In gravimetric terms, ash reduced the storage potential of MSW, in laboratory and outdoor experiments. However, outdoor experiments released less leachate from ash-rich refuse than middle-income waste with no ash fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Dollar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa.
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Lanini S, Houi D, Aguilar O, Lefebvre X. The role of aerobic activity on refuse temperature rise: II. Experimental and numerical modelling. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2001; 19:58-69. [PMID: 11525476 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x0101900107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The biodegradation of a model waste is studied in a 300-litre pilot. The aim is to better understand the role of biochemical processes on the temperature rise, in relation to landfill management protocols. The variations of temperature and gas composition distributions in the waste are accurately measured and analysed. The observations confirm that biological consumption of the oxygen diffusing through the waste is the main source of heat. A theoretical modelling of coupled heat and oxygen transfers in fresh refuse is then proposed. Numerical results are in good agreement with experimental data, but it appears that biochemical kinetics should account for the carbon availability limitation. Finally, a prediction of the temperature field in a landfill is presented.
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EL-FADEL MUTASEM, FINDIKAKIS ANGELOSN, LECKIE JAMESO. Estimating and Enhancing Methane Yield from Municipal Solid Waste. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1089/hwm.1996.13.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Kasali G, Senior E, Watson-Craik IA. Solid-state refuse methanogenic fermentation: control and promotion by water addition. Lett Appl Microbiol 1990. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1990.tb00127.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Senior E, Watson-Craik IA, Kasali GB. Control/promotion of the refuse methanogenic fermentation. Crit Rev Biotechnol 1990; 10:93-118. [PMID: 2117998 DOI: 10.3109/07388559009068262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although practiced for more than 7 millennia, the landfill disposal of refuse has, as yet, with few exceptions, been merely regarded as a low-cost disposal option and its exploitation potential has been largely ignored. Today, however, a number of possibilities are under consideration including the production of energy, chemical feedstock, value-added chemicals, carbon dioxide and protein; the use of refuse as an anaerobic filter for the co-disposal of industrial wastewater and sludge; and the restoration of impoverished soils by fresh or composted refuse addition. Development of these technologies, however, necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental microbiology and biochemistry of refuse catabolism. Existing fundamental knowledge underpinning these technologies will be considered in a series of review articles. In the first, control/exploitation of the solid-state refuse methanogenic fermentation is examined with specific reference to the effects of first-tier variable manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Senior
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, U.K
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Molnar L, Bartha I. High solids anaerobic fermentation for biogas and compost production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-4565(88)90090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cecchi F, Traverso P, Mata-Alvarez J, Clancy J, Zaror C. State of the art of R&D in the anaerobic digestion process of municipal solid waste in Europe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0144-4565(88)90031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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