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Jeong HJ, Lee BD, Park JM, Lee YM, Moon E, Kim SY, Lee KY, Suh H, Chung YI. Heritability and Familiality of MMPI Personality Dimensions in the Korean Families with Schizophrenia. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:1121-1129. [PMID: 30602105 PMCID: PMC6318490 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.10.21.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Categorical syndrome such as schizophrenia could be the complex of many continuous mental structure phenotypes including several personality development/degeneration dimensions. This is the study to search heritability and familiality of MMPI personality dimensions in the Korean schizophrenic LD (Linkage Disequilibrium) families. METHODS We have recruited 204 probands (with schizophrenia) with their parents and siblings whenever possible. We have used MMPI questionnaires for measuring personality and symptomatic dimensions. Heritabilities of personality dimensions in total 543 family members were estimated using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). Personality dimensions in total family members were compared with those in 307 healthy unrelated controls for measuring the familialities using ANOVA analysis. RESULTS Seven of the 10 MMPI variables were significantly heritable and were included in the subsequent analyses. The three groups (control, unaffected 1st degree relative, case) were found to be significantly different with the expected order of average group scores for all heritable dimensions. CONCLUSION Our results show that the aberrations in several personality dimensions could form the complexity of schizophrenic syndrome as a result of genetic-environment coactions or interactions in spite of some limitations (recruited family, phenotyping).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jeong Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Dae Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Min Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsoo Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Yoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwagyu Suh
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young In Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Matsui M, Sumiyoshi T, Niu L, Kurokawa K, Kurachi M. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory profile characteristics of schizotypal personality disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2002; 56:443-52. [PMID: 12109963 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.2002.01034.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to determine whether precursors for psychopathology can be found in personality dimensions of the general population. Two hundred and 62 university students were compared with 41 schizophrenic patients and 18 patients with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). Schizotypal personality disorder patients showed significantly elevated Pt and Si scales compared with the schizophrenic patients. Schizophrenia and SPD groups generally produced two-point codetypes of 6-8/8-6, 2-6/6-2, 7-8/8-7, and 7-8/8-7, 2-7/7-2, 6-8/8-6. A total of 77.5% of students had no codetype with a T-value of > or = 70, although the frequency of codetypes of spike 5, spike 0 and 2-7/7-2 was relatively high in the student group compared with the general population. Discriminant function analysis of the MMPI profiles revealed significant variance among the three groups. The overall rate of correct classification of the subjects into schizophrenia, SPD or university students was 90.3%. The first coefficient, mainly defined by a negative weight on the Sc scale, best distinguished the patients with either schizophrenia or SPD from the students. The second coefficient, defined by negative weights on the Sc and Si scales, and positive weights on the F and Ma scales identified patients with schizophrenia and SPD patients. The Harris-Lingoes subscales, which are supposed to provide the profile patterns characteristic of schizotypy, well discriminated the three groups. These results suggest the usefulness of the MMPI subscales for the detection of subjects with the SPD trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mié Matsui
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
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Mannan MR, Hiramatsu KI, Hokama H, Ohta H. Abnormalities of auditory event-related potentials in students with schizotypal personality disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2001; 55:451-7. [PMID: 11555339 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1819.2001.00889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Biological, phenomenological and cognitive similarities are known to exist between schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). This study examined whether, and to what extent, abnormalities in event-related potentials (ERPs) already extensively reported in schizophrenia can also be observed in persons psychometrically identified with SPD. Event-related potentials were examined in nine SPD subjects and nine controls recruited from among 1693 college students, using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID I and II). Event-related potentials were recorded during an auditory oddball task. Smaller P300 amplitude and prolonged P300 latency were found in SPD subjects as compared with controls. Our findings indicate that such individuals do have deficits in information processing similar to that found in schizophrenia. We can conclude that P300 abnormalities may not be specific for SPD but that abnormalities shown in SPD are possibly a vulnerability marker for developing schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Mannan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
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Hirayasu Y, Asato N, Ohta H, Hokama H, Arakaki H, Ogura C. Abnormalities of auditory event-related potentials in schizophrenia prior to treatment. Biol Psychiatry 1998; 43:244-53. [PMID: 9513733 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3223(97)00275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P300 amplitude reduction is a consistent finding in schizophrenic patients, but it is unclear if this abnormality predates neuroleptic treatment or is present at onset of illness. METHODS Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs), during a standard oddball paradigm, were recorded from 45 neuroleptic-naive schizophrenics, 56 drug-free, previously treated schizophrenics, and 73 healthy normal controls. Forty-seven of the schizophrenic subjects had their first episode within the past year. RESULTS N200 amplitude did not differ among groups. P300 amplitude was significantly smaller in both neuroleptic-naive and previously treated schizophrenic groups compared to the control groups. There were no significant differences between the two schizophrenic groups in P300 amplitude. N200 and P300 latency were prolonged in previously treated schizophrenics compared to neuroleptic-naive schizophrenics and normal controls. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that ERP abnormalities, especially P300 amplitude reduction, are already present prior to the administration of neuroleptic medication in the earliest stage of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hirayasu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
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