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Yadav P, Singh S, Jaiswal S, Kumar R. Synthetic and natural polymer hydrogels: A review of 3D spheroids and drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:136126. [PMID: 39349080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
This review centers on the synthesis and characterization of both natural and synthetic hydrogels, highlighting their diverse applications across various fields. We will delve into the evolution of hydrogels, focusing on the importance of polysaccharide-based and synthetic variants, which have been particularly chosen for 3D spheroid development in cancer research and drug delivery. A detailed background on the research and specific methodologies, including the in-situ free radical polymerization used for synthesizing these hydrogels, will be extensively discussed. Additionally, the review will explore various applications of these hydrogels, such as their self-healing properties, swelling ratios, pH responsiveness, and cell viability. A comprehensive literature review will support this investigation. Ultimately, this review aims to clearly outline the objectives and significance of hydrogel synthesis and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramjeet Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Shiwani Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Sheetal Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India.
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2
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Mondal S, Hazra A, Paul P, Saha B, Roy S, Bhowmick P, Bhowmick M. Formulation and evaluation of n-acetyl cysteine loaded bi-polymeric physically crosslinked hydrogel with antibacterial and antioxidant activity for diabetic wound dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135418. [PMID: 39245103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds have become a serious global health concern, with a growing number of patients each year. Diabetic altered wound healing physiology, as well as resulting complications, make therapy difficult. Hence, diabetic wound healing necessitates a multidisciplinary strategy. This study focused on the formulation, statistical optimization, ex vivo, and in vitro evaluation of a diabetic wound healing by n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) loaded hydrogel. The objective of the study is to formulate n-acetyl loaded hydrogel with different ratio (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1) of sodium alginate and guar gum. The antibacterial and antifungal assessment against the viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Candida albicans (C. albicans) was conducted after determining the in vitro drug release profile. The results of the experiment demonstrated that the formulation F3 was an optimal formulation on triplicate measurement with a pH of 6.2 ± 0.168, and a density of 1.026 ± 0.21. In vitro cell line study exhibited F3 has potential role in cell adhesion and proliferation might be beneficial to tissue regeneration and wound healing. The results imply that F3 may be helpful for the quick healing of diabetic wounds by promoting angiogenesis and also by scavenging free oxygen radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Mondal
- Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Ahana Hazra
- Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Pankaj Paul
- Eminent College of Pharmaceutical Technology Barbaria, Moshpukur, Paschim Khilkapur, Barasat, Jagannathpur, West Bengal 700126, India
| | - Bishnu Saha
- Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjita Roy
- Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratibha Bhowmick
- Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India
| | - Mithun Bhowmick
- Bengal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bidhannagar, Durgapur 713212, West Bengal, India.
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3
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Zamani S, Salehi M, Ehterami A, Fauzi MB, Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi G. Assessing the efficacy of curcumin-loaded alginate hydrogel on skin wound healing: A gene expression analysis. J Biomater Appl 2024; 38:957-974. [PMID: 38453252 DOI: 10.1177/08853282241238581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Skin tissue engineering has gained significant attention as a promising alternative to traditional treatments for skin injuries. In this study, we developed 3D hydrogel-based scaffolds, Alginate, incorporating different concentrations of Curcumin and evaluated their properties, including morphology, swelling behavior, weight loss, as well as hemo- and cytocompatibility. Furthermore, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Alginate hydrogel containing different amounts of Curcumin using an in vitro wound healing model. The prepared hydrogels exhibited remarkable characteristics, SEM showed that the pore size of hydrogels was 134.64 μm with interconnected pores, making it conducive for cellular infiltration and nutrient exchange. Moreover, hydrogels demonstrated excellent biodegradability, losing 63.5% of its weight over 14 days. In addition, the prepared hydrogels had a stable release of curcumin for 3 days. The results also show the hemocompatibility of prepared hydrogels and a low amount of blood clotting. To assess the efficacy of the developed hydrogels, 3T3 fibroblast growth was examined during various incubation times. The results indicated that the inclusion of Curcumin at a concentration of 0.1 mg/mL positively influenced cellular behavior. The animal study showed that Alginate hydrogel containing 0.1 mg/mL curcumin had high wound closure(more than 80%) after 14 days. In addition, it showed up-regulation of essential wound healing genes, including TGFβ1 and VEGF, promoting tissue repair and angiogenesis. Furthermore, the treated group exhibited down-regulation of MMP9 gene expression, indicating a reduction in matrix degradation and inflammation. The observed cellular responses and gene expression changes substantiate the therapeutic efficacy of prepared hydrogels. Consequently, our study showed the healing effect of alginate-based hydrogel containing Curcumin on skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepehr Zamani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Health Technology Incubator Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Arian Ehterami
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Ghasem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Rehman U, Sheikh A, Alsayari A, Wahab S, Kesharwani P. Hesperidin-loaded cubogel as a novel therapeutic armamentarium for full-thickness wound healing. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 234:113728. [PMID: 38183872 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Wounds are a physical manifestation of injury to the skin causing it to rupture or tear. The process of wound healing naturally restores skin integrity while minimizing the extent of the damage. Hesperidin (HPN) is a natural polyphenolic flavonoid and is effective in treating wounds due to its ability to reduce inflammation and stimulate angiogenesis. However, its use is limited by its poor physicochemical attributes such as poor solubility in water. Recently, nanoparticles, particularly Cubosomes, are found to be promising candidates for advancing wound-healing therapies, owing to their unique properties. The present study was conducted to develop a hydrogel system based on Cubosomes encapsulating HPN (HPN-Cubogel), with the potential to mitigate full-thickness wounds. The therapeutic efficacy of the formulation assessed in the animal model showed that the HPN-Cubogel formulation group exhibited a wound closure rate of 98.96 ± 1.50% after 14 days post-wounding compared to 89.12 ± 2.6% in the control group suggesting superior wound contraction activity. Collagen synthesis was superior in the formulation compared to the control group, as determined through MT staining. In summary, the HPN-Cubogel formulation was found to be the most effective in enhancing full-thickness wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urushi Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Afsana Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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Thang NH, Chien TB, Cuong DX. Polymer-Based Hydrogels Applied in Drug Delivery: An Overview. Gels 2023; 9:523. [PMID: 37504402 PMCID: PMC10379988 DOI: 10.3390/gels9070523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer-based hydrogels are hydrophilic polymer networks with crosslinks widely applied for drug delivery applications because of their ability to hold large amounts of water and biological fluids and control drug release based on their unique physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. Current trends in the development of hydrogel drug delivery systems involve the release of drugs in response to specific triggers such as pH, temperature, or enzymes for targeted drug delivery and to reduce the potential for systemic toxicity. In addition, developing injectable hydrogel formulations that are easily used and sustain drug release during this extended time is a growing interest. Another emerging trend in hydrogel drug delivery is the synthesis of nano hydrogels and other functional substances for improving targeted drug loading and release efficacy. Following these development trends, advanced hydrogels possessing mechanically improved properties, controlled release rates, and biocompatibility is developing as a focus of the field. More complex drug delivery systems such as multi-drug delivery and combination therapies will be developed based on these advancements. In addition, polymer-based hydrogels are gaining increasing attention in personalized medicine because of their ability to be tailored to a specific patient, for example, drug release rates, drug combinations, target-specific drug delivery, improvement of disease treatment effectiveness, and healthcare cost reduction. Overall, hydrogel application is advancing rapidly, towards more efficient and effective drug delivery systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Hoc Thang
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan, Tan Phu Distrist, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Truong Bach Chien
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan, Tan Phu Distrist, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Dang Xuan Cuong
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, 140 Le Trong Tan, Tan Phu Distrist, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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Cagnetta GE, Martínez SR, Ibarra LE, Gallastegui A, Martucci JF, Palacios RE, Chesta CA, Gómez ML. Reusable antimicrobial antibiotic-free dressings obtained by photopolymerization. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 149:213399. [PMID: 37011423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
In recent years significant efforts have been made to develop new materials for wound dressing with improved healing properties. However, the synthesis methods usually employed to this end are often complex or require several steps. We describe here the synthesis and characterization of antimicrobial reusable dermatological wound dressings based on N-isopropylacrylamide co-polymerized with [2-(Methacryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride hydrogels (NIPAM-co-METAC). The dressings were obtained with a very efficient single-step synthesis procedure based on visible light (455 nm) by photopolymerization. To this end, F8BT nanoparticles of the conjugated polymer (poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) - F8BT) were used as macro-photoinitiators, and a modified silsesquioxane was employed as crosslinker. Dressings obtained by this simple and gentle method show antimicrobial and wound healing properties, without the incorporation of antibiotics or any other additives. The physical and mechanical properties of these hydrogel-based dressings were evaluated, as well as their microbiological properties, through in vitro experiments. Results show that dressings with a molar ratio of METAC of 0.5 or higher exhibit high swelling capacity, appropriate water vapor transmission rate values, stability and thermal response, high ductility and adhesiveness. In addition, biological tests showed that the dressings have significant antimicrobial capacity. The best inactivation performance was found for hydrogels synthesized with the highest METAC content. The dressings were tested several times with fresh bacterial cultures, showing a bacterial kill efficiency of 99.99 % even after three repetitions in a row, employing the same dressing, demonstrating the intrinsic bactericidal property of the materials and their reusability. In addition, the gels show low hemolytic effect, high dermal biocompatibility and noticeable wound healing effects. Overall results demonstrate that some specific hydrogel formulations have potential application as dermatological dressings for wound healing and disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo E Cagnetta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Campus Universitario, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Sol R Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Campus Universitario, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Luis E Ibarra
- Instituto de Biotecnología Ambiental y Salud (INBIAS), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Campus Universitario, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Antonela Gallastegui
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Avenida Tolosa 72, Donostia-San Sebastian 20018, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Josefa F Martucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias y Tecnología de los Materiales (INTEMA), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Av. Colón 10850, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo E Palacios
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Campus Universitario, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Chesta
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Campus Universitario, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - María L Gómez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Campus Universitario, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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7
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Teng Y, Li S, Tang H, Tao X, Fan Y, Huang Y. Medical Applications of Hydrogels in Skin Infections: A Review. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:391-401. [PMID: 36714352 PMCID: PMC9882970 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s396990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin infections are common diseases for which patients seek inpatient and outpatient medical care. Globally, an increasing number of people are affected by skin infections that could lead to physical and psychological damage. Skin infections always have a broad spectrum of clinical presentations that require physicians to make an aggressive and accurate diagnosis for prescribing the proper symptomatic antimicrobials. In most instances, the treatment for skin infections mainly includes oral or topical anti-infective drugs. However, some of the classical anti-infective drugs have limitations, such as poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and poor targeting efficiency, which can lead to poor efficacy, adverse effects, and drug resistance. Therefore, research priorities should focus on the development of more effective drug delivery systems with new materials. Hydrogels are a highly multifunctional class of medical materials with potential applications in dermatology. Several hydrogel dressings with anti-infective functions have been formulated and demonstrated to improve the efficacy and tolerance of oral or topical classical anti-infective drugs to a certain degree. In this study, the medical applications of hydrogels for the treatment of various skin infections are systematically reviewed to provide an important theoretical reference for future research studies on the treatment options for skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teng
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sujing Li
- Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Tang
- Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, 233030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Tao
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibin Fan
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youming Huang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, People’s Republic of China
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Li X, Xiong Y. Application of "Click" Chemistry in Biomedical Hydrogels. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36918-36928. [PMID: 36312409 PMCID: PMC9608400 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since "click" chemistry was first reported in 2001, it has remained a popular research topic in the field of chemistry due to its high yield without byproducts, fast reaction rate, simple reaction, and biocompatibility. It has achieved good applications in various fields, especially for the preparation of hydrogels. The development of biomedicine presents new challenges and opportunities for hydrogels, and "click" chemistry provides a library of chemical tools for the preparation of various innovative hydrogels, including cell culture, 3D bioprinting, and drug release. This article summarizes several common "click" reactions, including copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions, strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) reaction, thiol-ene reaction, the Diels-Alder reaction, and the inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction. We introduce the "click" reaction in the nucleic acid field to expand the concept of "click" chemistry. This article focuses on the application of "click" chemistry for preparing various types of biomedical hydrogels and highlights the advantages of "click" reactions for cross-linking to obtain hydrogels. This review also discusses applications of "click" chemistry outside the field of hydrogels, such as drug synthesis, targeted delivery, and surface modification, hydrogels have great application potential in these fields in the future and hopefully inspire other applications of hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Polymer Materials
and Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Xiong
- Department of Polymer Materials
and Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, P. R. China
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Lopéz-Martínez EE, Claudio-Rizo JA, Caldera-Villalobos M, Becerra-Rodríguez JJ, Cabrera-Munguía DA, Cano-Salazar LF, Betancourt-Galindo R. Hydrogels for Biomedicine Based on Semi-Interpenetrating Polymeric Networks of Collagen/Guar Gum: Applications in Biomedical Field and Biocompatibility. Macromol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Waris TS, Shah STA, Mehmood A, Iqbal Z, Zehra M, Chaudhry AA, Rehman IU, Yar M. Design and development of thyroxine/heparin releasing affordable cotton dressings to treat chronic wounds. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:460-471. [PMID: 35246945 DOI: 10.1002/term.3295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This research on a thyroxine/heparin-based cotton wound dressing tests angiogenic and wound healing ability of thyroxine/heparin in a chick chorionic allantoic membrane bioassay and in skin wounds in healthy rats. Commercially available cotton dressings were simply loaded with thyroxine/heparin solutions and coated with wax. Prior to undertaking the animal study, we assessed in vitro release of thyroxine/heparin from coated and uncoated cotton dressings. Both showed more than 85% release of drug over 14 days, though the lesser release was observed in wax-coated thyroxine/heparin dressing as compared to uncoated thyroxine/heparin dressing. Testing of angiogenesis through CAM assay proved good angiogenic potential of heparin and thyroxin, but the thyroxine found more angiogenic than heparin. In animal study, full-thickness skin wounds of 20 mm diameter showed good healing in both heparin and thyroxine-treated groups. But the most striking result was seen in the thyroxine-treated group where thyroxine showed significant difference with heparin-treated group and completely healed the wounds in 23 days. Thus, the study suggest that thyroxine possesses greater angiogenic and wound healing potential than heparin, and the use of thyroxine/heparin-loaded wax-coated cotton dressing could be a cost-effective option for the management of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyba Sher Waris
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Azra Mehmood
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Iqbal
- Centre for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mubashra Zehra
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqif Anwar Chaudhry
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ihtesham Ur Rehman
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan.,Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Interdisciplinary Research Center in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore, Pakistan
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11
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Malekmohammadi S, Sedghi Aminabad N, Sabzi A, Zarebkohan A, Razavi M, Vosough M, Bodaghi M, Maleki H. Smart and Biomimetic 3D and 4D Printed Composite Hydrogels: Opportunities for Different Biomedical Applications. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1537. [PMID: 34829766 PMCID: PMC8615087 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, smart/stimuli-responsive hydrogels have drawn tremendous attention for their varied applications, mainly in the biomedical field. These hydrogels are derived from different natural and synthetic polymers but are also composite with various organic and nano-organic fillers. The basic functions of smart hydrogels rely on their ability to change behavior; functions include mechanical, swelling, shaping, hydrophilicity, and bioactivity in response to external stimuli such as temperature, pH, magnetic field, electromagnetic radiation, and biological molecules. Depending on the final applications, smart hydrogels can be processed in different geometries and modalities to meet the complicated situations in biological media, namely, injectable hydrogels (following the sol-gel transition), colloidal nano and microgels, and three dimensional (3D) printed gel constructs. In recent decades smart hydrogels have opened a new horizon for scientists to fabricate biomimetic customized biomaterials for tissue engineering, cancer therapy, wound dressing, soft robotic actuators, and controlled release of bioactive substances/drugs. Remarkably, 4D bioprinting, a newly emerged technology/concept, aims to rationally design 3D patterned biological matrices from synthesized hydrogel-based inks with the ability to change structure under stimuli. This technology has enlarged the applicability of engineered smart hydrogels and hydrogel composites in biomedical fields. This paper aims to review stimuli-responsive hydrogels according to the kinds of external changes and t recent applications in biomedical and 4D bioprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Malekmohammadi
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran;
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran;
| | - Negar Sedghi Aminabad
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran; (N.S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Amin Sabzi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran; (N.S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran 1419733151, Iran;
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166653431, Iran; (N.S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Mehdi Razavi
- Biionix Cluster, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran;
| | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK;
| | - Hajar Maleki
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Cologne, 50939 Cologne, Germany
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12
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Bustamante-Torres M, Romero-Fierro D, Arcentales-Vera B, Palomino K, Magaña H, Bucio E. Hydrogels Classification According to the Physical or Chemical Interactions and as Stimuli-Sensitive Materials. Gels 2021; 7:182. [PMID: 34842654 PMCID: PMC8628675 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are attractive biomaterials with favorable characteristics due to their water uptake capacity. However, hydrogel properties are determined by the cross-linking degree and nature, the tacticity, and the crystallinity of the polymer. These biomaterials can be sorted out according to the internal structure and by their response to external factors. In this case, the internal interaction can be reversible when the internal chains are led by physicochemical interactions. These physical hydrogels can be synthesized through several techniques such as crystallization, amphiphilic copolymers, charge interactions, hydrogen bonds, stereo-complexing, and protein interactions. In contrast, the internal interaction can be irreversible through covalent cross-linking. Synthesized hydrogels by chemical interactions present a high cross-linking density and are employed using graft copolymerization, reactive functional groups, and enzymatic methods. Moreover, specific smart hydrogels have also been denoted by their external response, pH, temperature, electric, light, and enzyme. This review deeply details the type of hydrogel, either the internal structure or the external response. Furthermore, we detail some of the main applications of these hydrogels in the biomedicine field, such as drug delivery systems, scaffolds for tissue engineering, actuators, biosensors, and many other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Bustamante-Torres
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - David Romero-Fierro
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - Belén Arcentales-Vera
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador;
| | - Kenia Palomino
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Tijuana 22390, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Magaña
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Tijuana 22390, Mexico;
| | - Emilio Bucio
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
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Khiabani SS, Aghazadeh M, Rakhtshah J, Davaran S. A review of hydrogel systems based on poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) for use in the engineering of bone tissues. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112035. [PMID: 34455315 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone fracture is usually a medical condition where occurred by high force impact or stress. Recent advances to repair damaged or diseased bone tissues employs three-dimensional (3D) polymer matrices. This review aims to investigate the potential of injectable, dual thermally, and chemically gelable N-isopropyl acrylamide-based hydrogels to deliver scaffold, cells, and growth factors in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Oral Medicine Department of Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamshid Rakhtshah
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Health Innovation Acceleration Center of Tabriz University of Medical Science and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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14
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Bustamante-Torres M, Pino-Ramos VH, Romero-Fierro D, Hidalgo-Bonilla SP, Magaña H, Bucio E. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Highly Cross-Linked pH-Sensitive Hydrogels through Gamma Radiation. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142223. [PMID: 34300980 PMCID: PMC8309246 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of new polymeric systems for antimicrobial drug release focused on medical/surgical procedures is of great interest in the biomedical area due to the high prevalence of bacterial infections in patients with wounds or burns. For this reason, in this work, we present a new design of pH-sensitive hydrogels copolymerized by a graft polymerization method (gamma rays), intended for localized prophylactic release of ciprofloxacin and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for potential topical bacterial infections. The synthesized hydrogels were copolymerized from acrylic acid (AAc) and agar. Cross-linked hydrogel film formation depended on monomer concentrations and the degree of radiation used (Cobalt-60). The obtained hydrogel films were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical testing. The swelling of the hydrogels was evidenced by the influence of their pH-sensitiveness. The hydrogel was loaded with antimicrobial agents (AgNPs or ciprofloxacin), and their related activity was evaluated. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of biocidal-loaded hydrogel was tested against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Bustamante-Torres
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Hacienda San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay (Ciudad del Conocimiento Yachay), Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.B.-T.); (E.B.)
| | - Victor H. Pino-Ramos
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - David Romero-Fierro
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Hacienda San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay (Ciudad del Conocimiento Yachay), Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (D.R.-F.); (S.P.H.-B.)
| | - Sandra P. Hidalgo-Bonilla
- Departamento de Química, Escuela de Ciencias Química e Ingeniería, Universidad de Investigación de Tecnología Experimental Yachay, Hacienda San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay (Ciudad del Conocimiento Yachay), Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador; (D.R.-F.); (S.P.H.-B.)
| | - Héctor Magaña
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, Tijuana 22390, Mexico;
| | - Emilio Bucio
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
- Correspondence: (M.B.-T.); (E.B.)
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15
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Zhao X, Chen X, Yuk H, Lin S, Liu X, Parada G. Soft Materials by Design: Unconventional Polymer Networks Give Extreme Properties. Chem Rev 2021; 121:4309-4372. [PMID: 33844906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are polymer networks infiltrated with water. Many biological hydrogels in animal bodies such as muscles, heart valves, cartilages, and tendons possess extreme mechanical properties including being extremely tough, strong, resilient, adhesive, and fatigue-resistant. These mechanical properties are also critical for hydrogels' diverse applications ranging from drug delivery, tissue engineering, medical implants, wound dressings, and contact lenses to sensors, actuators, electronic devices, optical devices, batteries, water harvesters, and soft robots. Whereas numerous hydrogels have been developed over the last few decades, a set of general principles that can rationally guide the design of hydrogels using different materials and fabrication methods for various applications remain a central need in the field of soft materials. This review is aimed at synergistically reporting: (i) general design principles for hydrogels to achieve extreme mechanical and physical properties, (ii) implementation strategies for the design principles using unconventional polymer networks, and (iii) future directions for the orthogonal design of hydrogels to achieve multiple combined mechanical, physical, chemical, and biological properties. Because these design principles and implementation strategies are based on generic polymer networks, they are also applicable to other soft materials including elastomers and organogels. Overall, the review will not only provide comprehensive and systematic guidelines on the rational design of soft materials, but also provoke interdisciplinary discussions on a fundamental question: why does nature select soft materials with unconventional polymer networks to constitute the major parts of animal bodies?
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanhe Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hyunwoo Yuk
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shaoting Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - German Parada
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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16
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Qianqian O, Songzhi K, Yongmei H, Xianghong J, Sidong L, Puwang L, Hui L. Preparation of nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan/tilapia skin peptides hydrogels and its burn wound treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 181:369-377. [PMID: 33737190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for wound dressings to treat partial-thickness burns. Hydrogels are a promising material that can maintain hydration to promote necrotic tissue removal. Tilapia peptides (TP) and hydroxyapatite (HA) were incorporated into chitosan system to prepare new types of hydrogels. The hydrogels were cross-linking by tannin (TA), which were developed to promote rapid wound healing in a New Zealand rabbit partial-thickness burn model. Nanohydroxyapatite (NHA) was synthesized by coprecipitation method, which made hydrogels have a highly porous structure comprised of interconnected pores, excellent water absorption and low hemolysis. Besides, the hydrogels showed excellent antimicrobial activities against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), as well as the cytocompatibility on endothelial cells. Moreover, the hydrogels promoted epithelial and dermal regeneration, reduce the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 and promote the skin regeneration by enhancing expression of collagen, STAT3, and VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouyang Qianqian
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Kong Songzhi
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Huang Yongmei
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China
| | - Ju Xianghong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Li Sidong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Li Puwang
- Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Luo Hui
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute, the Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524023, China.
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17
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Gu P, Li B, Wu B, Wang J, Müller-Buschbaum P, Zhong Q. Controlled Hydration, Transition, and Drug Release Realized by Adjusting Layer Thickness in Alginate-Ca 2+/poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) Interpenetrating Polymeric Network Hydrogels on Cotton Fabrics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5051-5060. [PMID: 33455298 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The controlled hydration, transition, and drug release are realized by adjusting layer thickness in thermoresponsive interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) hydrogels on cotton fabrics. IPN hydrogels are synthesized by sodium alginate (SA) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with a ratio of 1:5/% (w/v). The cotton-fabric-supported IPN hydrogels with a thickness of 1000 μm exhibit a transition temperature (TT) at 35.2 °C. When the hydrogel thicknesses are thinned to 500 and 250 μm, the TTs are reduced to 34.8 and 34.1 °C, respectively. Interestingly, the morphology of IPN hydrogels switches from a well-defined honeycomb-like network structure (1000 μm) to a densely packed layer structure (250 μm). The thinner layers not only present a smaller extent of hydration and collapse but also require longer time to reach an equilibrium state, which can be attributed to the more pronounced hindrance of the chain rearrangement by the cotton fabrics. To address the influence of layer thickness on the drug release, we compare the release rate and cumulative release percentage of the test drugs tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) and levofloxacin hydrochloride (LH) between pure IPN hydrogels and cotton-fabric-supported IPN hydrogels (250, 500, and 1000 μm) at 25 °C (below the TT) and 37 °C (above the TT). Because of the compressive stress from the collapsed hydrogels, a higher release is observed in both hydrogels when the temperature is above TT. The cotton fabric induces a slower and less prominent drug release in IPN hydrogels. Thus, combining the obtained correlation between the transition and hydrogels layer thickness, the drug release in cotton-fabric-supported IPN hydrogels can be regulated by the layer thickness, which appears especially suitable for a controlled release in wound dressing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Bisheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiping Wang
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Long Teng Road, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Strasse 1, Garching 85748, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Qi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.,Technische Universität München, Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, James-Franck-Strasse 1, Garching 85748, Germany
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18
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Macdougall LJ, Anseth K. Bioerodible Hydrogels Based on Photopolymerized Poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(α-hydroxy acid) Diacrylate Macromers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Sustained-release of PDGF from PLGA microsphere embedded thermo-sensitive hydrogel promoting wound healing by inhibiting autophagy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Bagher Z, Ehterami A, Safdel MH, Khastar H, Semiari H, Asefnejad A, Davachi SM, Mirzaii M, Salehi M. Wound healing with alginate/chitosan hydrogel containing hesperidin in rat model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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21
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van Bochove B, Grijpma DW. Photo-crosslinked synthetic biodegradable polymer networks for biomedical applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:77-106. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2018.1553105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bas van Bochove
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk W. Grijpma
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, W. J. Kolff Institute, University Medical Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Morris AH, Lee H, Xing H, Stamer DK, Tan M, Kyriakides TR. Tunable Hydrogels Derived from Genetically Engineered Extracellular Matrix Accelerate Diabetic Wound Healing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41892-41901. [PMID: 30424595 PMCID: PMC9996546 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels composed of solubilized decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) are attractive materials because they combine the complexity of native ECM with injectability and ease of use. Nevertheless, these materials are typically only tunable by altering the concentration, which alters the ligand landscape, or by incorporating synthetic components, which can result in an unfavorable host response. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of genetically tunable ECM-derived materials, by utilizing wild type (WT) and (thrombospondin-2 knockout) TSP-2 KO decellularized skins to prepare hydrogels. The resulting materials exhibited distinct mechanical properties characterized by rheology and different concentrations of collagens when characterized by quantitative proteomics. Mixtures of the gels achieved intermediate effects between the WT and the KO, permitting tunability of the gel properties. In vivo, the hydrogels exhibited tunable cell invasion with a correlation between the content of TSP-2 KO hydrogel and the extent of cell invasion. Additionally, TSP-2 KO hydrogels significantly improved diabetic wound healing at 10 and 21 days. Furthermore, hydrogels derived from genetically engineered in vitro cell-derived matrix mimicked the trends observed for tissue-derived matrix, providing a platform for faster screening of novel manipulations and easier clinical translation. Overall, we demonstrate that genetic engineering approaches impart tunability to ECM-based hydrogels and can result in materials capable of enhanced regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron H. Morris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Hudson Lee
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Hao Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Danielle K. Stamer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Marina Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Themis R. Kyriakides
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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23
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Brudno Y, Pezone MJ, Snyder TK, Uzun O, Moody CT, Aizenberg M, Mooney DJ. Replenishable drug depot to combat post-resection cancer recurrence. Biomaterials 2018; 178:373-382. [PMID: 29779862 PMCID: PMC6075722 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Local drug presentation made possible by drug-eluting depots has demonstrated benefits in a vast array of diseases, including in cancer, microbial infection and in wound healing. However, locally-eluting depots are single-use systems that cannot be refilled or reused after implantation at inaccessible sites, limiting their clinical utility. New strategies to noninvasively refill drug-eluting depots could dramatically enhance their clinical use. In this report we present a refillable hydrogel depot system based on bioorthogonal click chemistry. The click-modified hydrogel depots capture prodrug refills from the blood and subsequently release active drugs locally in a sustained manner. Capture of the systemically-administered refills serves as an efficient and non-toxic method to repeatedly refill depots. Refillable depots in combination with prodrug refills achieve sustained release at precancerous tumor sites to improve cancer therapy while eliminating systemic side effects. The ability to target tissues without enhanced permeability could allow the use of refillable depots in cancer and many other medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeny Brudno
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir., Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, 450 West Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Matthew J Pezone
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tracy K Snyder
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Oktay Uzun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher T Moody
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, 911 Oval Drive, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Michael Aizenberg
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Cir., Boston, MA 02115, USA; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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24
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Moroni L, Boland T, Burdick JA, De Maria C, Derby B, Forgacs G, Groll J, Li Q, Malda J, Mironov VA, Mota C, Nakamura M, Shu W, Takeuchi S, Woodfield TB, Xu T, Yoo JJ, Vozzi G. Biofabrication: A Guide to Technology and Terminology. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:384-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Kim YT, Castro K, Bhattacharjee N, Folch A. Digital Manufacturing of Selective Porous Barriers in Microchannels Using Multi-Material Stereolithography. MICROMACHINES 2018; 9:E125. [PMID: 30424059 PMCID: PMC6187461 DOI: 10.3390/mi9030125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a sequential stereolithographic co-printing process using two different resins for fabricating porous barriers in microfluidic devices. We 3D-printed microfluidic channels with a resin made of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (MW = 258) (PEG-DA-258), a UV photoinitiator, and a UV sensitizer. The porous barriers were created within the microchannels in a different resin made of either PEG-DA (MW = 575) (PEG-DA-575) or 40% (w/w in water) PEG-DA (MW = 700) (40% PEG-DA-700). We showed selective hydrogen ion diffusion across a 3D-printed PEG-DA-575 porous barrier in a cross-channel diffusion chip by observing color changes in phenol red, a pH indicator. We also demonstrated the diffusion of fluorescein across a 3D-printed 40% PEG-DA-700 porous barrier in a symmetric-channel diffusion chip by measuring fluorescence intensity changes across the porous barrier. Creating microfluidic chips with integrated porous barriers using a semi-automated 3D printing process shortens the design and processing time, avoids assembly and bonding complications, and reduces manufacturing costs compared to micromolding processes. We believe that our digital manufacturing method for fabricating selective porous barriers provides an inexpensive, simple, convenient and reproducible route to molecule delivery in the fields of molecular filtration and cell-based microdevices.
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26
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McAvoy K, Jones D, Thakur RRS. Synthesis and Characterisation of Photocrosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate Implants for Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery. Pharm Res 2018; 35:36. [PMID: 29368249 PMCID: PMC5784000 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2298-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the sustained ocular delivery of small and large drug molecules from photocrosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) implants with varying pore forming agents. Methods Triamcinolone acetonide and ovalbumin loaded photocrosslinked PEGDA implants, with or without pore-forming agents, were fabricated and characterised for chemical, mechanical, swelling, network parameters, as well as drug release and biocompatibility. HPLC-based analytical methods were employed for analysis of two molecules; ELISA was used to demonstrate bioactivity of ovalbumin. Results Regardless of PEGDA molecular weight or pore former composition all implants loaded with triamcinolone acetonide released significantly faster than those loaded with ovalbumin. Higher molecular weight PEGDA systems (700 Da) resulted in faster drug release of triamcinolone acetonide than their 250 Da counterpart. All ovalbumin released over the 56-day time period was found to be bioactive. Increasing PEGDA molecular weight resulted in increased system swelling, decreased crosslink density (Ve), increased polymer-water interaction parameter (χ), increased average molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc) and increased mesh size (ε). SEM studies showed the porosity of implants increased with increasing PEGDA molecular weight. Biocompatibility showed both PEGDA molecular weight implants were non-toxic when exposed to retinal epithelial cells over a 7-day period. Conclusion Photocrosslinked PEGDA implant based systems are capable of controlled drug release of both small and large drug molecules through adaptations in the polymer system network. We are currently continuing evaluation of these systems as potential sustained drug delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn McAvoy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - David Jones
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Raghu Raj Singh Thakur
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7BL, UK. .,School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Danggui Buxue Extract-Loaded Liposomes in Thermosensitive Gel Enhance In Vivo Dermal Wound Healing via Activation of the VEGF/PI3K/Akt and TGF- β/Smads Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8407249. [PMID: 29292400 PMCID: PMC5674729 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8407249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Danggui Buxue extract-loaded liposomes in thermosensitive gel (DBLTG) are a sustained-release local drug delivery system derived from Danggui Buxue decoction, a well-known Chinese herb formula with wound healing potential. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of DBLTG on dorsal full-thickness excisional wounds in rats by measuring the percentage of wound contraction and hydroxyproline content, as well as conducting histological observations and immunohistochemical analysis. We also assessed involvement of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathways in the wound healing process upon DBLTG treatment via western blot. The results show that DBLTG treatment remarkably accelerates wound closure, enhances hydroxyproline content in wound granulation tissue, promotes cutaneous wound healing by reducing the inflammatory response and improving fresh granulation tissue formation, and significantly increases the density of blood vessels, cells proliferation, and expression of type I and type III collagen. Moreover, DBLTG markedly upregulates the relative protein expression of VEGFA and TGF-β1 and notably stimulates the phosphorylation of Akt and Smad2/3. In conclusion, DBLTG significantly improved dermal wound healing in rats by stimulating angiogenesis and collagen synthesis; these effects are likely mediated via the VEGF/PI3K/Akt and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathways, respectively.
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Bang S, Das D, Yu J, Noh I. Evaluation of MC3T3 Cells Proliferation and Drug Release Study from Sodium Hyaluronate-1,4-butanediol Diglycidyl Ether Patterned Gel. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E328. [PMID: 29036920 PMCID: PMC5666493 DOI: 10.3390/nano7100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A pattern gel has been fabricated using sodium hyaluronate (HA) and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDGE) through the micro-molding technique. The cellular behavior of osteoblast cells (MC3T3) in the presence and absence of dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) and sodium borate (NaB) in the pattern gel (HA-BDDGE) has been evaluated for its potential application in bone regeneration. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results implied the crosslinking reaction between HA and BDDGE. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed the formation of pattern on the surface of HA-BDDGE. The gel property of the crosslinked HA-BDDGE has been investigated by swelling study in distilled water at 37 °C. The HA-BDDGE gel releases DMOG in a controlled way for up to seven days in water at 37 °C. The synthesized gel is biocompatible and the bolus drug delivery results indicated that the DMOG containing patterned gel demonstrates a better cell migration ability on the surface than NaB. For local delivery, the pattern gel with 300 µM NaB or 300 µM DMOG induced cell clusters formation, and the gel with 150 µM NaB/DMOG showed high cell proliferation capability only. The vital role of NaB for bone regeneration has been endorsed from the formation of cell clusters in presence of NaB in the media. The in vitro results indicated that the pattern gel showed angiogenic and osteogenic responses with good ALP activity and enhanced HIF-1α, and Runx2 levels in the presence of DMOG and NaB in MC3T3 cells. Hence, the HA-BDDGE gel could be used in bone regeneration application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumi Bang
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science of Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
| | - Dipankar Das
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science of Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science of Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea.
| | - Jiyun Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science of Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea.
| | - Insup Noh
- Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science of Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science of Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea.
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Wang P, Chu W, Zhuo X, Zhang Y, Gou J, Ren T, He H, Yin T, Tang X. Modified PLGA–PEG–PLGA thermosensitive hydrogels with suitable thermosensitivity and properties for use in a drug delivery system. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1551-1565. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PLGA–PEG–PLGA (PPP) triblock copolymer is the most widely studied thermosensitive hydrogel owing to its non-toxic, biocompatible, biodegradable, and thermosensitive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puxiu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Wei Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Xuezhi Zhuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Tianyang Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- China
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Hoang Thi TT, Lee Y, Ryu SB, Sung HJ, Park KD. Oxidized cyclodextrin-functionalized injectable gelatin hydrogels as a new platform for tissue-adhesive hydrophobic drug delivery. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra04137c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-functional injectable gelatin-based hydrogels utilizing oxidized β-cyclodextrin show high adhesiveness and hydrophobic drug supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Thanh Hoang Thi
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology
- Ajou University
- Suwon 443-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yunki Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology
- Ajou University
- Suwon 443-749
- Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Seung Bae Ryu
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology
- Ajou University
- Suwon 443-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Joon Sung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
| | - Ki Dong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology
- Ajou University
- Suwon 443-749
- Republic of Korea
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31
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Das S, Baker AB. Biomaterials and Nanotherapeutics for Enhancing Skin Wound Healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2016; 4:82. [PMID: 27843895 PMCID: PMC5087310 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2016.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an intricate process that requires complex coordination between many cell types and an appropriate extracellular microenvironment. Chronic wounds often suffer from high protease activity, persistent infection, excess inflammation, and hypoxia. While there has been intense investigation to find new methods to improve cutaneous wound care, the management of chronic wounds, burns, and skin wound infection remain challenging clinical problems. Ideally, advanced wound dressings can provide enhanced healing and bridge the gaps in the healing processes that prevent chronic wounds from healing. These technologies have great potential for improving outcomes in patients with poorly healing wounds but face significant barriers in addressing the heterogeneity and clinical complexity of chronic or severe wounds. Active wound dressings aim to enhance the natural healing process and work to counter many aspects that plague poorly healing wounds, including excessive inflammation, ischemia, scarring, and wound infection. This review paper discusses recent advances in the development of biomaterials and nanoparticle therapeutics to enhance wound healing. In particular, this review focuses on the novel cutaneous wound treatments that have undergone significant preclinical development or are currently used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Das
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX , USA
| | - Aaron B Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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32
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In situ gel-forming AP-57 peptide delivery system for cutaneous wound healing. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:560-571. [PMID: 26363112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ gel-forming system as local drug delivery system in dermal traumas has generated a great interest. Accumulating evidence shows that antimicrobial peptides play pivotal roles in the process of wound healing. Here in this study, to explore the potential application of antimicrobial peptide in wound healing, biodegradable poly(L-lactic acid)-Pluronic L35-poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA-L35-PLLA) was developed at first. Then based on this polymer, an injectable in situ gel-forming system composed of human antimicrobial peptides 57 (AP-57) loaded nanoparticles and thermosensitive hydrogel was prepared and applied for cutaneous wound healing. AP-57 peptides were enclosed with biocompatible nanoparticles (AP-57-NPs) with high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency. AP-57-NPs were further encapsulated in a thermosensitive hydrogel (AP-57-NPs-H) to facilitate its application in cutaneous wound repair. As a result, AP-57-NPs-H released AP-57 in an extended period and exhibited quite low cytotoxicity and high anti-oxidant activity in vitro. Moreover, AP-57-NPs-H was free-flowing liquid at room temperature, and can form non-flowing gel without any crosslink agent upon applied on the wounds. In vivo wound healing assay using full-thickness dermal defect model of SD rats indicated that AP-57-NPs-H could significantly promote wound healing. At day 14 after operation, AP-57-NPs-H treated group showed nearly complete wound closure of 96.78 ± 3.12%, whereas NS, NPs-H and AP-57-NPs group recovered by about 68.78 ± 4.93%, 81.96 ± 3.26% and 87.80 ± 4.62%, respectively. Histopathological examination suggested that AP-57-NPs-H could promote cutaneous wound healing through enhancing granulation tissue formation, increasing collagen deposition and promoting angiogenesis in the wound tissue. Therefore, AP-57-NPs-H might have potential application in wound healing.
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Eisenhardt M, Dobler D, Schlupp P, Schmidts T, Salzig M, Vilcinskas A, Salzig D, Czermak P, Keusgen M, Runkel F. Development of an insect metalloproteinase inhibitor drug carrier system for application in chronic wound infections. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:1481-91. [PMID: 26105518 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The insect metalloproteinase inhibitor (IMPI) represents the first peptide capable of inhibiting virulence-mediating microbial M4-metalloproteinases and is promising as a therapeutic. The purpose of this study was to develop a suitable drug carrier system for the IMPI drug to enable treatment of chronic wound infections. Specifically, we studied on poloxamer 407 hydrogels, examining the influence of several additives and preservatives on the rheological parameters of the hydrogels, the bioactivity and release of IMPI. METHODS The rheological characterisation of the hydrogel was performed by oscillatory measurements. The bioactivity of IMPI was evaluated in a Casein fluoresence quenching assay. KEY FINDINGS In this study, a suitable application form for the dermal treatment of chronic wound infections with IMPI was designed. The influences of poloxamer 407 concentration and various additives on the viscoelastic properties and preservation of a thermosensitive hydrogel were investigated. The incorporation of the precursor drug IMPI-gluthathione-s-transferase (GST) in the hydrogel had no influence on the rheological characteristics and will be released. The bioactivity of IMPI-GST is not influenced by the hydrogel and remains constant over 4 weeks of storage. CONCLUSIONS This study reports the development of a poloxamer hydrogel as a suitable carrier system for the application of IMPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Eisenhardt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dorota Dobler
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peggy Schlupp
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidts
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mark Salzig
- Department of Bio-Resources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Vilcinskas
- Department of Bio-Resources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME), Giessen, Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael Keusgen
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Runkel
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen - University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany
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Chan M, Brooks HJL, Moratti SC, Hanton LR, Cabral JD. Reducing the Oxidation Level of Dextran Aldehyde in a Chitosan/Dextran-Based Surgical Hydrogel Increases Biocompatibility and Decreases Antimicrobial Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:13798-814. [PMID: 26086827 PMCID: PMC4490524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160613798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly oxidized form of a chitosan/dextran-based hydrogel (CD-100) containing 80% oxidized dextran aldehyde (DA-100) was developed as a post-operative aid, and found to significantly prevent adhesion formation in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). However, the CD-100 hydrogel showed moderate in vitro cytotoxicity to mammalian cell lines, with the DA-100 found to be the cytotoxic component. In order to extend the use of the hydrogel to abdominal surgeries, reformulation using a lower oxidized DA (DA-25) was pursued. The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy, in vitro biocompatibility and wound healing capacity of the highly oxidized CD-100 hydrogel with the CD-25 hydrogel. Antimicrobial studies were performed against a range of clinically relevant abdominal microorganisms using the micro-broth dilution method. Biocompatibility testing using human dermal fibroblasts was assessed via a tetrazolium reduction assay (MTT) and a wound healing model. In contrast to the original DA-100 formulation, DA-25 was found to be non-cytotoxic, and showed no overall impairment of cell migration, with wound closure occurring at 72 h. However, the lower oxidation level negatively affected the antimicrobial efficacy of the hydrogel (CD-25). Although the CD-25 hydrogel's antimicrobial efficacy and anti-fibroblast activity is decreased when compared to the original CD-100 hydrogel formulation, previous in vivo studies show that the CD-25 hydrogel remains an effective, biocompatible barrier agent in the prevention of postoperative adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Chan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Heather J L Brooks
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Stephen C Moratti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Lyall R Hanton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Jaydee D Cabral
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand.
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Akhtar MF, Hanif M, Ranjha NM. Methods of synthesis of hydrogels … A review. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 24:554-559. [PMID: 27752227 PMCID: PMC5059832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are being investigated recently for the bioactive molecules (in particular pharmaceutical proteins) controlled release, such as matrices, and for the living cells encapsulation. Biodegradable nature of hydrogels has created much interest for drug delivery systems. The original three-dimensional structure disintegrates into nontoxic substances to ascertain an excellent biocompatibility of the gel. Chemical cross-linking is the highly resourceful method for the formation of hydrogels having an excellent mechanical strength. Cross-linkers used in hydrogel preparation should be extracted from the hydrogels before use due to their reported toxicity. Physically cross-linked methods for preparation of hydrogel are the alternate solution of cross-linker toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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36
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Kinetic release studies of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate from gum acacia crosslinked hydrogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 73:115-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rossi B, Venuti V, D'Amico F, Gessini A, Castiglione F, Mele A, Punta C, Melone L, Crupi V, Majolino D, Trotta F, Masciovecchio C. Water and polymer dynamics in a model polysaccharide hydrogel: the role of hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:963-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04045g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity balance in the gelation phenomena in water-swollen polymers is explored in a model polysaccharide hydrogel.
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38
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Das D, Pal S. Modified biopolymer-dextrin based crosslinked hydrogels: application in controlled drug delivery. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16103c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes hydrogels and their classifications along with the synthesis and properties of biopolymer-dextrin based crosslinked hydrogels towards potential application in controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Das
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Indian School of Mines
- Dhanbad-826004
- India
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39
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Singh NK, Lee DS. In situ gelling pH- and temperature-sensitive biodegradable block copolymer hydrogels for drug delivery. J Control Release 2014; 193:214-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Pal K, Banthia AK, Majumdar DK. Hydrogels for biomedical applications: a short review. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:2215. [PMID: 17619971 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-007-3145-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2006] [Accepted: 07/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Pal
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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41
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Hoare T, Yeo Y, Bellas E, Bruggeman JP, Kohane DS. Prevention of peritoneal adhesions using polymeric rheological blends. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1187-93. [PMID: 24365709 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of rheological blends of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) and low molecular weight hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in the prevention of peritoneal adhesions post-surgery is demonstrated. The physical mixture of the two carbohydrates increased the dwell time in the peritoneum while significantly improving the injectability of the polymer compared with HA alone. HA-HPMC treatment decreased the total adhesion area by ∼ 70% relative to a saline control or no treatment in a repeated cecal injury model in the rabbit. No significant cytotoxicity and minimal inflammation were associated with the blend. Furthermore, no chemical or physical processing was required prior to their use beyond simple mixing.
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Baek K, Jeong JH, Shkumatov A, Bashir R, Kong H. In situ self-folding assembly of a multi-walled hydrogel tube for uniaxial sustained molecular release. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5568-5573. [PMID: 23864483 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201300951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a multi-walled poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogel tube formed by the simple self-folding of a bi-layered hydrogel patch. The gel tube has the capability to release encapsulated molecules through designated pathways in a sustained manner. Therefore, the gel tube encapsulating the vascular endothelial growth factor significantly increases the vascular densities and vessel diameters at an implantation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghyun Baek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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Grijpma DW, Melchels FP, Hou Q, Feijen J. Methacrylate-Functionalized Oligomers Based On Lactide, E-Caprolactone And Trimethylene Carbonate For Application In Stereo-Lithography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1179/mri.2006.10.3.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Lim HS, Kwon E, Lee M, Moo Lee Y, Suh KD. One-Pot Template-Free Synthesis of Monodisperse Hollow Hydrogel Microspheres and their Resulting Properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 2013; 34:1243-8. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201300330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Seok Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Hanyang University Seoul 133-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Hanyang University Seoul 133-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Moonjoo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Hanyang University Seoul 133-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Young Moo Lee
- Department of WCU Energy Engineering; College of Engineering; Hanyang University Seoul 133-791 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Suh
- Department of Chemical Engineering; College of Engineering; Hanyang University Seoul 133-791 Republic of Korea
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Gorman M, Chim YH, Hart A, Riehle MO, Urquhart AJ. Poly(N-acryloylmorpholine): A simple hydrogel system for temporal and spatial control over cell adhesion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:1809-15. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gorman
- Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Department; Royal Infirmary; 84 Castle Street Glasgow G4 0SF United Kingdom
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology; University of Glasgow; Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Ya Hua Chim
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology; University of Glasgow; Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Hart
- Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Department; Royal Infirmary; 84 Castle Street Glasgow G4 0SF United Kingdom
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology; University of Glasgow; Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Mathis O. Riehle
- Centre for Cell Engineering, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology; University of Glasgow; Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Urquhart
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences; University of Strathclyde; 161 Cathedral Street Glasgow G4 0RE United Kingdom
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Welzel PB, Grimmer M, Renneberg C, Naujox L, Zschoche S, Freudenberg U, Werner C. Macroporous StarPEG-Heparin Cryogels. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2349-58. [DOI: 10.1021/bm300605s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra B. Welzel
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Milauscha Grimmer
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Renneberg
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lisa Naujox
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Zschoche
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz
Institute of Polymer Research Dresden
(IPF), Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials Dresden (MBC) and Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Hohe Str.
6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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Pal K, Banthia AK, Majumdar DK. Polymeric Hydrogels: Characterization and Biomedical Applications. Des Monomers Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/156855509x436030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Pal
- a Department of Biotechnology & Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008, India
| | - A. K. Banthia
- b Materials Science Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - D. K. Majumdar
- c Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Formerly College of Pharmacy, (University of Delhi), Pushp Vihar, Sector-III, New Delhi-110017, India
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Lee JB, Yoon JJ, Lee DS, Park TG. Photo-crosslinkable, thermo-sensitive and biodegradable Pluronic hydrogels for sustained release of protein. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 15:1571-83. [PMID: 15696801 DOI: 10.1163/1568562042459751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Thermo-sensitive and biodegradable hydrogels based on Pluronic tri-block copolymers were prepared by a photo-polymerization method. Two terminal hydroxyl groups in Pluronic F-127 were acrylated to form a Pluronic macromer. Photo-cross-linked Pluronic hydrogels prepared by UV radiation showed a gradually decreased swelling ratio with increasing temperature and exhibited a thermally-responsive change in the swelling ratio when the temperature was cycled between 10 degrees C and 37 degrees C. These hydrogels degraded slowly due to the cleavage of ester linkage in the acrylated Pluronic terminal end. When lysozyme, a model protein drug, was loaded in the hydrogels, bi-phasic protein release profiles were attained: a burst-free and rapid controlled release profile was initially observed for a one week period and a much slower sustained release was followed thereafter. The release rates could be controlled by varying the amount of Pluronic macromer for photo-polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bae Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, South Korea
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Li Y, Rodrigues J, Tomás H. Injectable and biodegradable hydrogels: gelation, biodegradation and biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:2193-221. [PMID: 22116474 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15203c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 967] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels with biodegradability have in situ formability which in vitro/in vivo allows an effective and homogeneous encapsulation of drugs/cells, and convenient in vivo surgical operation in a minimally invasive way, causing smaller scar size and less pain for patients. Therefore, they have found a variety of biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, cell encapsulation, and tissue engineering. This critical review systematically summarizes the recent progresses on biodegradable and injectable hydrogels fabricated from natural polymers (chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginates, gelatin, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, etc.) and biodegradable synthetic polymers (polypeptides, polyesters, polyphosphazenes, etc.). The review includes the novel naturally based hydrogels with high potential for biomedical applications developed in the past five years which integrate the excellent biocompatibility of natural polymers/synthetic polypeptides with structural controllability via chemical modification. The gelation and biodegradation which are two key factors to affect the cell fate or drug delivery are highlighted. A brief outlook on the future of injectable and biodegradable hydrogels is also presented (326 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Li
- CQM-Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal.
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