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Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and energy-demanding process. The relationship between nutrition and wound healing has been recognized for many centuries. Several studies have indicated that nutritional deficiencies are more prevalent among patients with chronic wounds. Malnutrition may alter the inflammatory response, collagen synthesis, and wound tensile strength, all of which are crucial for wound healing. Although the specific role of nutrition and supplementation in wound care remains uncertain, it is necessary to identify and correct nutritional imbalances to avoid any potential deterioration of the healing process. It is also important to recognize the differences in pathophysiology between acute and chronic wounds. A burn, surgical, or a traumatic wound is different from a diabetic foot ulcer, which is different from a pressure ulcer. Chronic wounds are more prevalent in the aging population, and patients often have underlying comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, connective tissue disease, or other systemic illnesses that may alter energy metabolism and contribute to impaired healing. Management approaches to acute wound care may not apply universally to chronic wounds. In this review, we discuss the available data and possible roles for nutrition in wound healing.
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Reynolds KA, Juhasz MLW, Mesinkovska NA. The role of oral vitamins and supplements in the management of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 2019; 58:1371-1376. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Plichta M, Jezewska-Zychowicz M, Gębski J. Orthorexic Tendency in Polish Students: Exploring Association with Dietary Patterns, Body Satisfaction and Weight. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010100. [PMID: 30621277 PMCID: PMC6356234 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Body dissatisfaction is central to clinically diagnosed eating disorders (ED) and seems to be important in causing other non-clinical disorders, including orthorexia nervosa (ON). It can also affect eating behaviors. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of ON tendency with dietary patterns (DPs) and body satisfaction. The data were collected in 2017 through questionnaire survey among 1120 students of health-oriented and other academic programs from seven universities in Poland. Principal components analysis (PCA) was conducted to derive DPs and body satisfaction factors. Six DPs, such as, ‘High-sugar products & snacks’, ‘Fresh products & nuts’, ‘Fatty products & dressings’, ‘Oils & potatoes’, ‘Dairy products & whole-meal bread’, ‘Meat’, and two body satisfaction factors, such as, ‘Bottom body & weight’, and ‘Upper body’ were identified. ON tendency was measured using ORTO-15 questionnaire with both cut-offs, i.e., 35 and 40. Logistic regression analysis was used to verify associations between ON tendency, body satisfaction factors, and DPs. More students of health related majors were characterized by ON tendency in comparison to students of other majors (35.9 vs. 37.2; p < 0.001). More women were dissatisfied with ‘Bottom body & weight compared to men (<0.001). The higher the body mass index (BMI), the more people were dissatisfied with ‘Bottom body & weight’ (p < 0.001). More students with ON tendency were satisfied with their ‘Upper body’ than those without ON tendency, but there were no differences in ON tendency in regard to ‘Bottom body & weight’ satisfaction. ON tendency was associated with more frequent consumption of vegetables, fruits, nuts and seeds, and less frequent consumption of products high in sugar, snacks, fatty products and dressings. Using cut-off at 35 in ORTO-15 seems to be more appropriate than cut-off at 40 to identify external variables describing ON. Future research on orthorexia nervosa should use other research tools than ORTO-15 to better identify individuals with ON and to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Plichta
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Gębski
- Department of Organization and Consumption Economics, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
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Pullar JM, Carr AC, Vissers MCM. The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health. Nutrients 2017; 9:E866. [PMID: 28805671 PMCID: PMC5579659 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary function of the skin is to act as a barrier against insults from the environment, and its unique structure reflects this. The skin is composed of two layers: the epidermal outer layer is highly cellular and provides the barrier function, and the inner dermal layer ensures strength and elasticity and gives nutritional support to the epidermis. Normal skin contains high concentrations of vitamin C, which supports important and well-known functions, stimulating collagen synthesis and assisting in antioxidant protection against UV-induced photodamage. This knowledge is often used as a rationale for the addition of vitamin C to topical applications, but the efficacy of such treatment, as opposed to optimising dietary vitamin C intake, is poorly understood. This review discusses the potential roles for vitamin C in skin health and summarises the in vitro and in vivo research to date. We compare the efficacy of nutritional intake of vitamin C versus topical application, identify the areas where lack of evidence limits our understanding of the potential benefits of vitamin C on skin health, and suggest which skin properties are most likely to benefit from improved nutritional vitamin C intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet M Pullar
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, P.O. Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
| | - Anitra C Carr
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, P.O. Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
| | - Margreet C M Vissers
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch, P.O. Box 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
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Yao C, Lin W, Yue K, Ling X, Jing K, Lu Y, Tang S, Fan E. Biocatalytic synthesis of vitamin A palmitate using immobilized lipase produced by recombinant Pichia pastoris. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:768-774. [PMID: 32624822 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB), produced by recombinant Pichia pastoris, was immobilized and used to synthesize vitamin A palmitate by transesterification of vitamin A acetate and palmitic acid in organic solvent. The reaction conditions including the type of solvent, temperature, rotation speed, particle size, and molar ratio between the two substrates were investigated. It turned out that the macroporous resin HPD826 serving as a carrier showed the highest activity (ca. 9200 U g-1) among all the screened carriers. It was found that the transesterification kinetic of the immobilized CALB followed the ping pong Bi-Bi mechanism and the reaction product acetic acid inhibited the enzymatic reaction with an inhibition factor of 2.823 mmol L-1. The conversion ability of the immobilized CALB was 54.3% after 15 cycles. In conclusion, the present work provides a green route for vitamin A palmitate production using immobilized CALB to catalyze the transesterification of vitamin A acetate and palmitic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyi Yao
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China.,Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Wangjin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Kaili Yue
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Xueping Ling
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China.,Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Keju Jing
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China.,Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Yinghua Lu
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen China.,Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biotechnology of Xiamen City Xiamen University Xiamen China
| | - Shaokun Tang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering & Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Enguo Fan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
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Schlichte MJ, Vandersall A, Katta R. Diet and eczema: a review of dietary supplements for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Dermatol Pract Concept 2016. [PMID: 27648380 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0603a06.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of increasing popularity of "natural" alternatives to conventional medicine, several dietary supplements have gained the attention of researchers and consumers alike in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Readily available without a prescription and frequently perceived to have fewer side effects than traditional medications, these "natural" remedies may be featured in discussions with patients, and clinicians should therefore be familiar with their efficacy and safety. Based on trials to date, no dietary supplements can be recommended for routine use in the treatment of AD. However, some promising results have been noted from the use of probiotics and prebiotics taken in combination. Given significant differences in study design to date, however, further studies would be needed to clarify dose and strains of probiotics. Studies of vitamin D have been limited and have produced conflicting results, although further trials in selected subsets of patients may be indicated. Very limited data is available on fish oil supplements, while future studies on Chinese herbal medicine would require evaluation of comparable herbs and formulations. Finally, multiple trials of evening primrose oil and borage seed oil have shown improvement similar to placebo, and neither is currently recommended in eczema therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Schlichte
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abbey Vandersall
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rajani Katta
- Division of Dermatology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Schlichte MJ, Vandersall A, Katta R. Diet and eczema: a review of dietary supplements for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Dermatol Pract Concept 2016; 6:23-9. [PMID: 27648380 PMCID: PMC5006549 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0603a06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of increasing popularity of "natural" alternatives to conventional medicine, several dietary supplements have gained the attention of researchers and consumers alike in the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Readily available without a prescription and frequently perceived to have fewer side effects than traditional medications, these "natural" remedies may be featured in discussions with patients, and clinicians should therefore be familiar with their efficacy and safety. Based on trials to date, no dietary supplements can be recommended for routine use in the treatment of AD. However, some promising results have been noted from the use of probiotics and prebiotics taken in combination. Given significant differences in study design to date, however, further studies would be needed to clarify dose and strains of probiotics. Studies of vitamin D have been limited and have produced conflicting results, although further trials in selected subsets of patients may be indicated. Very limited data is available on fish oil supplements, while future studies on Chinese herbal medicine would require evaluation of comparable herbs and formulations. Finally, multiple trials of evening primrose oil and borage seed oil have shown improvement similar to placebo, and neither is currently recommended in eczema therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Schlichte
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abbey Vandersall
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rajani Katta
- Division of Dermatology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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de Waure C, Quaranta G, Gualano MR, Cadeddu C, Jovic-Vranes A, Djikanovic B, La Torre G, Ricciardi W. Systematic review of studies investigating the association between dietary habits and cutaneous malignant melanoma. Public Health 2015; 129:1099-113. [PMID: 26212104 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several papers have dealt with diet as a risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). This study aimed to synthesize available data on the topic. STUDY DESIGN A systematic review of observational studies assessing the association between dietary habits and CMM was performed. METHODS Electronic databases were used to identify eligible articles. Quality was assessed through the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Case-control and cohort studies evaluating the intake of food/nutrients through the assessment of dietary habits and the occurrence of CMM were considered eligible. Data comparing the highest and lowest levels of consumption were collected from single studies and described qualitatively as data combination was not possible. Results were reported as percentages on the basis of relative risks and odds ratios. RESULTS Eighteen studies reported in 21 articles were selected. Cohort studies showed better quality than case-control studies. Most articles did not detect any significant association between food/nutrient intake and CMM, except for limited evidence of a protective role associated with fish, vegetables and fruit. Risk reduction was shown to be 35-37%, 40-57% and 34-46%, respectively, in studies reporting significant results. Similarly, few articles showed protective roles of beta-carotene and vitamins A, C, D and E, with risk reduction of 64%, 37-43%, 41%, 15-39% and 50-66%, respectively. CONCLUSION A trend towards reduced risk of CMM associated with higher intake of fish, vegetables and fruit, as well as beta-carotene and vitamins A, C, D and E, has been shown but further research is needed to provide decisive data.
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Affiliation(s)
- C de Waure
- Department of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Quaranta
- Department of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - M R Gualano
- Department of Public Health, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - C Cadeddu
- Department of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - A Jovic-Vranes
- Institute of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - B Djikanovic
- Institute of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - G La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - W Ricciardi
- Department of Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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9
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Cui HS, Ahn IS, Byun YS, Yang YS, Kim JH, Chung BY, Kim HO, Park CW. Dietary pattern and nutrient intake of korean children with atopic dermatitis. Ann Dermatol 2014; 26:570-5. [PMID: 25324648 PMCID: PMC4198583 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2014.26.5.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by itching and eczema-like skin lesions, and its symptoms alleviate with age. Recently, the prevalence of AD has increased among adolescents and adults. The increasing prevalence of AD seems to be related to westernized lifestyles and dietary patterns. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary patterns and nutrient intake of patients with AD. METHODS The study population consisted of 50 children with AD who visited the Department of Dermatology at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea from May 2008 to May 2009. Physical condition and calorie intake were evaluated using the Eczema Area and Severity Index score and Food Record Questionnaire completed by the subjects, and the data were analyzed using the Nutritional Assessment Program Can-pro 3.0 (The Korean Nutrition Society, 2005) program to determine the gap between the actual ingestion and average requirements of 3 major nutrients (i.e. carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids), vitamins (i.e. A, B, C, and E), niacin, folic acid, calcium, iron, phosphorus, and zinc in all subjects. RESULTS The intake rate of proteins was 18.02% (recommended dietary allowance [RDA], 7%~20%), of carbohydrates was 67.7% (RDA, 55%~70%), and of lipids was 14.24% (RDA, 15%~30%). Thirty-one subjects (62%) showed deficiency of folic acid, and 21 subjects (42%), of iron supplements. CONCLUSION Essential nutrient intake tends to be lower in AD patients than in healthy subjects, and this low intake is closely related to the severity of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song Cui
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In Su Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Sun Byun
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hye Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Abstract
Commercial products for personal care, generally perceived as cosmetics, have an important impact on everyday life worldwide. Accordingly, the market for both consumer products and specialty chemicals comprising their ingredients is considerable. Lipases have started to play a minor role as active ingredients in so-called 'functional cosmetics' as well as a major role as catalysts for the industrial production of various specialty esters, aroma compounds and active agents. Interestingly, both applications almost always require preparation by appropriate immobilisation techniques. In addition, for catalytic use special reactor concepts often have to be employed due to the mostly limited stability of these preparations. Nevertheless, these processes show distinct advantages based on process simplification, product quality and environmental footprint and are therefore apt to more and more replace traditional chemical processes. Here, for the first time a review on the various aspects of using immobilised lipases in the cosmetics industry is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion B Ansorge-Schumacher
- Institute of Microbiology, Chair of Molecular Biotechnology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01262 Dresden, Germany.
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13
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NALDI L, PARAZZINI F, PELI L, CHATENOUD L, CAINELLI T. Dietary factors and the risk of psoriasis. Results of an Italian case-control study. Br J Dermatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gao J, Jiang Y, Huang Z, Zhou L. Evaluation of kinetic parameters for enzymatic interesterification synthesis of L-ascorbyl lactate by response surface methodology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2007; 136:153-64. [PMID: 17496337 DOI: 10.1007/bf02686020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Revised: 02/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of lipase-catalyzed interesterification synthesis of L-ascorbyl lactate was studied. To determine the enzyme kinetic constants of the interesterification, a three-factor and five-level central composite design was used. The factors studied were ethyl lactate concentration, reaction temperature (T), and water content (w). Moreover, a statistical approach called the response surface method (RSM) was used to predict the kinetic constants. Finally, the relationships between the kinetic constants (Vm and Km) and the reaction parameters (T and w) were obtained. To assess the accuracy of the RSM approach for determining Vm and Km, detailed validation experiments were carried out by the conventional approach at four different reaction parameters(35 degrees C, 10 microL; 45 degrees C, 20 microL; 55 degrees C, 15 microL; 65 degrees C, 18 microL). The results indicated that the RSM approach gave reasonable results for the determination of Vm and Km in the range of tested parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, HeBei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, PR China.
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Darvin M, Zastrow L, Sterry W, Lademann J. Effect of Supplemented and Topically Applied Antioxidant Substances on Human Tissue. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2006; 19:238-47. [PMID: 16778456 DOI: 10.1159/000093979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2005] [Accepted: 10/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Systemic and topical application of antioxidant substances for the medical treatment and prophylaxis of many diseases as well as additional protection of the skin against the destructive action of free radicals and other reactive species has become very popular during the past years. Stimulated by the positive results of a fruit and vegetable diet in supporting medical treatment and in cosmetics, artificial and extracted antioxidant substances have been broadly applied. Surprisingly, not only positive but also strong negative results have been obtained by different authors. According to study reports artificial and extracted antioxidant substances support different kinds of medical therapies, if they are applied in mixtures of different compounds at low concentration levels. In the case of the application of high concentration of some single compounds, side effects were often observed. Regarding skin treatment by systemically applied antioxidant substances for cosmetic purposes, positive cosmetic effects as well as no effects, but almost no side effects, apart from a number of allergic reactions, were reported. One reason for this seems to be the lower concentration of systemically applied antioxidant substances in comparison with a medical application. Topical application of antioxidant substances is closely related to cosmetic treatment for skin protection and anti-aging. Positive results were also obtained in this case. The present review is an attempt to classify and summarize the published literature concerning the efficiency of action of systemic and topical applications of antioxidant substances, such as carotenoids and vitamins, on human organism and especially on the skin. The available literature on this topic is very extensive and the results are often contradictory. Nevertheless, there are some clear tendencies concerning systemic and topical application of antioxidant substances in medicine and cosmetics, and we summarize them in the present paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Darvin
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Medical Faculty Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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London DS, Stoll AL, Manning BB. Psychiatric agriculture: systemic nutritional modification and mental health in the developing world. Med Hypotheses 2006; 66:1234-9. [PMID: 16504418 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2005.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2005] [Accepted: 12/23/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Modernization of agricultural systems to increase output causes changes to the nutritional content of food entire populations consume. Human nutritional needs differ from their "food", thus producing healthy agricultural products is not equivalent to providing agricultural products that are healthy for humans. Inclusion of the food production system as a factor in the increase of neuropsychiatric disorders and other chronic diseases helps explain negative trends in modern chronic diseases that remain unchecked despite stunning advances in modern medicine. Diseases in which our own technology plays a significant role include obesity and resulting disorders, such as diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, stroke and arthritis. Modernization's lure leads to importation of modern agricultural practices into a nutritionally vulnerable, malnourished and sometimes starving developing world. Wealthier nations hedge their food portfolio by having access to a wider variety of foods. The developing world's reliance on staple foods means even a minor widespread nutritional modification of one key food can have profound effects. New agricultural techniques may improve or exacerbate neuropsychiatric disorders through nutritional modification in regions where populations walk a nutritional tightrope with little margin for error. In most of the developing world western psychiatric interventions have failed to make inroads. People's consumption of fish has a demonstrated beneficial effect on their mental health and the omega-3 fatty acid content is a significant factor. Epidemiological, biological and agricultural studies implicate a lack of dietary omega-3s as a factor in certain mental disorders. Replenishing omega-3s has improved mental illnesses in controlled clinical trials. This article's detailed tilapia fish-farming model demonstrates how aquaculture/agriculture techniques can function as a public health intervention by increasing dietary omega-3s through creation of sustainable, economical and culturally appropriate food sources for the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S London
- Psychopharmacological Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA.
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Hughes MC, van der Pols JC, Marks GC, Green AC. Food intake and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in a community: The Nambour skin cancer cohort study. Int J Cancer 2006; 119:1953-60. [PMID: 16721782 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is some evidence that dietary factors may modify the risk of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, but the association between food intake and SCC has not been evaluated prospectively. We examined the association between food intake and SCC incidence among 1,056 randomly selected adults living in an Australian sub-tropical community. Measurement-error corrected estimates of intake in 15 food groups were defined from a validated food frequency questionnaire in 1992. Associations with SCC risk were assessed using Poisson and negative binomial regression to the persons affected and tumour counts, respectively, based on incident, histologically confirmed tumours occurring between 1992 and 2002. After multivariable adjustment, none of the food groups was significantly associated with SCC risk. Stratified analysis in participants with a past history of skin cancer showed a decreased risk of SCC tumours for high intakes of green leafy vegetables (RR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.22-0.91; p for trend = 0.02) and an increased risk for high intake of unmodified dairy products (RR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.15-5.54; p for trend = 0.03). Food intake was not associated with SCC risk in persons who had no past history of skin cancer. These findings suggest that consumption of green leafy vegetables may help prevent development of subsequent SCCs of the skin among people with previous skin cancer and that consumption of unmodified dairy products, such as whole milk, cheese and yoghurt, may increase SCC risk in susceptible persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celia Hughes
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia
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Abstract
The authors provide some specifications regarding the correct terminology to be applied in the field of complementary medicine, and review and comment on several complementary treatments for psoriasis. Putative psychotherapeutic equivalents are kept distinct from treatments based on the surreptitious administration of physical or pharmacologic agents. Limits on the application of psychotherapeutic techniques are discussed. Risks inherent to complementary treatments (psychological derangements, moral subjugation, physical damage, economic exploitation) are underscored. The authors plead for the application of adequate scientific criticism in complementary medicine, but warn that any approach to the practice of medicine which is not disinterested and patient oriented--as the academic one should be--will be inappropriate, misleading, or even immoral. In the authors' opinion, this could also apply to the evidence-based medicine movement (often perceived as the archenemy of alternative medicine), should this movement be influenced by economical, political, or other nonmedical factors.
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Agrawal S, Pandey SS, Shukla VK, Kaur P. Nutritional and vitamin status of non-healing wounds in patients attending a tertiary hospital in India. J Dermatol 2003; 30:98-103. [PMID: 12692375 DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2003.tb00355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2002] [Accepted: 11/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-healing wounds are a common cause of morbidity worldwide. The wounds are the result of inadequate repair in an optimum period and are due to the presence of predisposing factors. The abnormalities of certain biochemical factors are important in impeding wound healing. One hundred patients with non-healing wounds of more than six weeks duration were studied for nutritional and vitamin status and their correlation with healing time. The healing time was significantly prolonged in patients with serum protein concentrations below 6 gram/dl, but the healing time was not correlated with the concentrations of vitamin C or vitamin E. Anemia also did not alter the healing time. Adequate protein intake is the most important prerequisite for good wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Agrawal
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Rejasse B, Maugard T, Legoy MD. Enzymatic procedures for the synthesis of water-soluble retinol derivatives in organic media. Enzyme Microb Technol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(02)00289-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney H Lyder
- Acute and Specialty Care of Adults, University of Virginia School of Nursing, McLeod Hall, PO Box 800782, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0782, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli L Chang
- Department of Ophthalmic Plastic, Orbital, and Cosmetic Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Institute, Boston, 02114, USA
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Bialy TL, Rothe MJ, Grant-Kels JM. Dietary factors in the prevention and treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer and melanoma. Dermatol Surg 2002; 28:1143-52. [PMID: 12472495 DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4725.2002.02114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endogenous antioxidant system of the skin scavenges reactive oxygen species and combats ultraviolet induced oxidative skin damage. Supporting this cutaneous defense system with topical or oral antioxidants may provide a successful strategy for the treatment and prevention of skin cancer. OBJECTIVE Review evidence regarding treatment and prevention of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers through dietary and topical antioxidants, vitamins, and herbal supplements. METHODS Literature review. RESULTS Review of the literature demonstrates that the administration of synthetic retinoids has not proved beneficial for otherwise healthy patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer. Selenium supplementation has reduced the incidence of several internal malignancies but not of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Synergistic use of beta-carotene with vitamins C and E has demonstrated prophylaxis against reactive oxygen radicals involved in nonmelanoma skin cancer and reduced sunburn reactions significantly. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analog CB1093 has demonstrated promise as a therapeutic agent in the regression of the early stages of melanoma in specific cell lines. CONCLUSION Delivery of exogenous antioxidants in combination appears to be a more successful strategy for enhancing the cutaneous antioxidant system than the administration of isolated antioxidants alone. Vitamin D analogs may have a role in the medical therapy of melanoma. However, avoiding exposure to ultraviolet light appears to be the only true panacea against the development of melanoma and NMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Bialy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
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Abstract
Pressure ulcers and malnutrition frequently co-exist in frail patients. Nutritional parameters have been correlated with development and with healing in chronic pressure ulcers, leading to suggestions that improving nutritional status can prevent or treat pressure ulcers. Despite a strong association, a causal relationship of poor nutritional status to development of pressure ulcers has not been established. Support for a causal relationship would include evidence that nutritional interventions improve general nutritional status, acute wound healing, or chronic wound healing. The data suggesting that nutritional intervention can improve clinical outcome are limited. No study has demonstrated that improvement in nutritional status can prevent pressure ulcers. There is at least suggestive evidence that improvement in nutritional status can improve outcome in pressure ulcer healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Thomas
- St. Louis Health Sciences Center, Veterans Administration, Division of Geriatric Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63104, USA.
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Abstract
Nutrition is vital to all bodily processes. During wound healing, it is essential that nutrients are available as they form the building blocks for tissue repair. Nutrition may therefore affect healing due to an overall deficiency of intake, either due to non-availability or due to inability of the patient to absorb sufficiently to meet their requirements. Alternatively, deficiencies of specific nutrients may also inhibit healing and on the converse some additives, not normally present in large quantity in the diet, may have beneficial effects. This review considers the nutritional factors affecting wound healing and some developments that may alter the future of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Reynolds
- Queen's Hospital, Division of Clinical Sciences, Wolverhampton, UK
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Nicolaidou E, Katsambas AD. Vitamins A, B, C, D, E, F, trace elements and heavy metals: unapproved uses or indications. Clin Dermatol 2000; 18:87-94. [PMID: 10701089 DOI: 10.1016/s0738-081x(99)00097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Nicolaidou
- A. Syggros Hospital, Department of Dermatology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Greece
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Braun-Falco O, Plewig G, Wolff HH, Burgdorf WHC. Vitamin Disorders. Dermatology 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-97931-6_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Rojas AI, Phillips TJ. Patients with chronic leg ulcers show diminished levels of vitamins A and E, carotenes, and zinc. Dermatol Surg 1999; 25:601-4. [PMID: 10491041 DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.99074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition plays an important role in the wound healing process, particularly in the elderly. OBJECTIVE Comparison of nutritional serum indices between patients with chronic leg ulcers and an age-matched control population. METHODS Seventeen patients with chronic leg ulcers (age range 47-90) were studied. A panel of vitamins (A, B1, B2, B6, B12, E), trace elements (zinc, copper, iron), folate, and carotene levels were screened on fasting blood samples. Study data were compared with data obtained from the nutritional status survey (NSS) in the greater Boston area. RESULTS Significantly lower levels of vitamin A (P < 0.0001), zinc (P < 0. 0001 men, P = 0.027 women) and carotenes (P = 0.0023 men, P = 0.0067 women) were found in chronic ulcer patients. Significantly lower levels of vitamin E (P < 0.009) were observed in the men with a tendency to lower levels in women. CONCLUSION Elderly Bostonian patients with chronic leg ulcers have low levels of vitamins A and E, carotenes, and zinc. Nutritional deficiency or increased consumption of nutritional elements in these patients may influence wound healing rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Rojas
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Abstract
The intent and purpose of the authors is to familiarize the reader with the principles that govern the diagnosis and management of autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering diseases. The purpose was not to be all-inclusive but illustrative. There are several other blistering diseases that have not been discussed because of the limited scope of this article. Of these, toxic epidermal necrolysis, erythema multiforme, and the like warrant the same attention and early recognition. These are covered in different articles. For the same reasons, certain genetically linked blistering diseases have not been discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/physiopathology
- Child
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis/diagnosis
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis/drug therapy
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita/diagnosis
- Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita/drug therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin A/analysis
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Pemphigoid Gestationis/diagnosis
- Pemphigoid Gestationis/drug therapy
- Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane/diagnosis
- Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane/drug therapy
- Pemphigoid, Bullous/diagnosis
- Pemphigoid, Bullous/drug therapy
- Pemphigus/classification
- Pemphigus/diagnosis
- Pemphigus/drug therapy
- Pregnancy
- Prognosis
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/diagnosis
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/drug therapy
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/immunology
- Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Scott
- Department of Medicine, New England Baptist Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Keller KL, Fenske NA. Uses of vitamins A, C, and E and related compounds in dermatology: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol 1998; 39:611-25. [PMID: 9777769 DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(98)70011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitamins have been increasingly used as prophylactic and therapeutic agents in the management of skin disorders. The current literature is replete with studies that promote the potential benefits of these compounds and attempt to elucidate their mechanisms of action. We review the literature and discuss the roles, safety, and efficacy of vitamins A, C, and E and related compounds in cutaneous health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Keller
- Department of Dermatology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, USA
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Abstract
Among the many risk factors for pressure ulcers, malnutrition is potentially reversible. This article examines the relationship of malnutrition to the prevention and healing of pressure ulcers. Evidence for nutrition in preventing and healing pressure ulcers is presented. Specific nutrients, including some amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, have been evaluated for their effects on wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Thomas
- Center for Aging, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-2041, USA
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NALDI L, PARAZZINI F, PELI L, CHATENOUD L, CAINELLI T. Dietary factors and the risk of psoriasis. Results of an Italian case–control study. Br J Dermatol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07846.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of lifestyle factors are important in the etiology of basal cell carcinoma. Previous studies have investigated smoking, alcohol, diet, and sun exposure as possible contributing factors. No previous studies have investigated case-controlled lifestyle influences in basal cell carcinomas referred for Mohs micrographic surgery. METHODS Cases were obtained from Mohs-referred basal cell carcinoma patients. Matched controls were selected from a busy dermatology clinic. The only criteria for selection of controls was never having had cancer previously. Cases and controls were surveyed regarding lifestyle characteristics. RESULTS Forty-six age, sex, and skintype-matched controls were compared. Sun exposure, alcohol, and smoking were not significant factors. Dietary fat, fiber, and the vitamins A, C, and beta carotene, as well as selenium showed important, but not significant differences. Caffeine consumption was higher in the cancer group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings agree with previously published studies in regard to antioxidant consumption as a protective factor for basal cell carcinoma. Caffeine consumption was higher in the cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Sahl
- West River Dermatology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
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