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Kasatkina LA, Tarasenko AS, Krupko OO, Kuchmerovska TM, Lisakovska OO, Trikash IO. Vitamin D deficiency induces the excitation/inhibition brain imbalance and the proinflammatory shift. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 119:105665. [PMID: 31821883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is among the major neurosteroids whose role in developing and adult brain is intensively studied now. Its active form 1,25(OH)2D3 regulates the expression and functioning of a range of brain-specific proteins, which orchestrate the neurotransmitter turnover, neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. Despite numerous studies of the vitamin D role in normal and pathological brain function, there is little evidence on the mechanisms of alterations in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission under vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Using the animal model we characterized the dysfunction of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission under alimentary VDD. The shift between unstimulated and evoked GABA release under VDD was largely reversed after treatment of VDD, whereas the impairments in glutamatergic system were only partially recovered after 1-month vitamin D3 supplementation. The increase of the external glutamate level and unstimulated GABA release in brain nerve terminals was associated with intensified ROS production and higher [Ca2+]i in presynapse. The negative allosteric modulation of presynaptic mGlu7 receptors significantly enhanced exocytotic GABA release, which was decreased under VDD, thereby suggesting the neuroprotective effect of such modulation of inhibitory neurotransmission. Synaptic plasma membranes and cytosolic proteins contribute to the decreased stimulated release of neurotransmitter, by being the crucial components, whose functional state is impaired under VDD. The critical changes with synaptic vesicles occurred at the docking step of the process, whereas malfunctioning of synaptic cytosolic proteins impacted the fusion event foremost. The decreased amplitude of exocytosis was inherent for non-excitable cells as well, as evidenced by lower platelet degranulation. Our data suggest the presynaptic dysfunction and proinflammatory shift as the early events in the pathogenesis of VDD-associated disorders and provide evidences for the neuroprotective role of vitamin D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila A Kasatkina
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Alla S Tarasenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Olga O Krupko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Tamara M Kuchmerovska
- The Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine
| | - Olha O Lisakovska
- The Department of Biochemistry of Vitamins and Coenzymes, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine
| | - Irene O Trikash
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9, Leontovycha Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine.
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Krisanova N, Pozdnyakova N, Pastukhov A, Dudarenko M, Maksymchuk O, Parkhomets P, Sivko R, Borisova T. Vitamin D3 deficiency in puberty rats causes presynaptic malfunctioning through alterations in exocytotic release and uptake of glutamate/GABA and expression of EAAC-1/GAT-3 transporters. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:142-150. [PMID: 30367913 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent experimental and epidemiologic investigations have revealed that the central nervous system is a target for vitamin D3 action and also linked vitamin D3 deficiency to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, autism and dementia. Abnormal homeostasis of glutamate and GABA and signaling disbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of major neurological diseases. Here, key transport characteristics of glutamate and GABA were analysed in presynaptic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) isolated from the cortex of vitamin D3 deficient (VDD) rats. Puberty rats were kept at the VDD diet up to adulthood. VDD caused: (i) a decrease in the initial rates of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA uptake by plasma membrane transporters of nerve terminals; (ii) a decrease in exocytotic release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA; (iii) changes in expression of glutamate (EAAC-1) and GABA (GAT-3) transporters. Whereas, the synaptosomal ambient levels and Ca2+-independent transporter-mediated release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA were not significantly altered in VDD. Vitamin D3 is a potent neurosteroid and its nutritional deficiency can provoke development of neurological consequences changing glutamate/GABA transporter expressions and excitation/inhibition balance. Also, changes in glutamate transport can underlie lower resistance to hypoxia/ischemia, larger infarct volumes and worsened outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with VDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Krisanova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Maksymchuk
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
| | - Petro Parkhomets
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Roman Sivko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine.
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Groves NJ, McGrath JJ, Burne THJ. Vitamin D as a neurosteroid affecting the developing and adult brain. Annu Rev Nutr 2015; 34:117-41. [PMID: 25033060 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent throughout the world, and growing evidence supports a requirement for optimal vitamin D levels for the healthy developing and adult brain. Vitamin D has important roles in proliferation and differentiation, calcium signaling within the brain, and neurotrophic and neuroprotective actions; it may also alter neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Recent experimental studies highlight the impact that vitamin D deficiency has on brain function in health and disease. In addition, results from recent animal studies suggest that vitamin D deficiency during adulthood may exacerbate underlying brain disorders and/or worsen recovery from brain stressors. An increasing number of epidemiological studies indicate that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Vitamin D supplementation is readily available and affordable, and this review highlights the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie J Groves
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia;
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Jiang P, Zhang LH, Cai HL, Li HD, Liu YP, Tang MM, Dang RL, Zhu WY, Xue Y, He X. Neurochemical effects of chronic administration of calcitriol in rats. Nutrients 2014; 6:6048-59. [PMID: 25533012 PMCID: PMC4277014 DOI: 10.3390/nu6126048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite accumulating data showing the various neurological actions of vitamin D (VD), its effects on brain neurochemistry are still far from fully understood. To further investigate the neurochemical influence of VD, we assessed neurotransmitter systems in the brain of rats following 6-week calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) administration (50 ng/kg/day or 100 ng/kg/day). Both the two doses of calcitriol enhanced VDR protein level without affecting serum calcium and phosphate status. Rats treated with calcitriol, especially with the higher dose, exhibited elevated γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) status. Correspondingly, the mRNA expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) 67 was increased. 100 ng/kg of calcitriol administration also increased glutamate and glutamine levels in the prefrontal cortex, but did not alter glutamine synthetase (GS) expression. Additionally, calcitriol treatment promoted tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) expression without changing dopamine and serotonin status. However, the concentrations of the metabolites of dopamine and serotonin were increased and the drug use also resulted in a significant rise of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) expression, which might be responsible to maintain the homeostasis of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmission. Collectively, the present study firstly showed the effects of calcitriol in the major neurotransmitter systems, providing new evidence for the role of VD in brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Jiang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Li-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Hua-Lin Cai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Huan-De Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Mi-Mi Tang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Rui-Li Dang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Wen-Ye Zhu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Ying Xue
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| | - Xin He
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
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Byrne JH, Voogt M, Turner KM, Eyles DW, McGrath JJ, Burne THJ. The impact of adult vitamin D deficiency on behaviour and brain function in male Sprague-Dawley rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71593. [PMID: 23951200 PMCID: PMC3739737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is common in the adult population, and this has been linked to depression and cognitive outcomes in clinical populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adult vitamin D (AVD) deficiency on behavioural tasks of relevance to neuropsychiatric disorders in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods Ten-week old male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control or vitamin D deficient diet for 6 weeks prior to, and during behavioural testing. We first examined a range of behavioural domains including locomotion, exploration, anxiety, social behaviour, learned helplessness, sensorimotor gating, and nociception. We then assessed locomotor response to the psychomimetic drugs, amphetamine and MK-801. Attention and vigilance were assessed using the 5 choice serial reaction time task (5C-SRT) and the 5 choice continuous performance task (5C-CPT) and, in a separate cohort, working memory was assessed using the delay match to sample (DMTS) task. We also examined excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters in prefrontal cortex and striatum. Results AVD-deficient rats were deficient in vitamin D3 (<10 nM) and had normal calcium and phosphate levels after 8–10 weeks on the diet. Overall, AVD deficiency was not associated with an altered phenotype across the range of behavioural domains tested. On the 5C-SRT AVD-deficient rats made more premature responses and more head entries during longer inter-trial intervals (ITI) than control rats. On the 5C-CPT AVD-deficient rats took longer to make false alarm (FA) responses than control rats. AVD-deficient rats had increases in baseline GABA levels and the ratio of DOPAC/HVA within the striatum. Conclusions AVD-deficient rats exhibited no major impairments in any of the behavioural domains tested. Impairments in premature responses in AVD-deficient rats may indicate that these animals have specific alterations in striatal systems governing compulsive or reward-seeking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline H Byrne
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Eyles DW, Burne THJ, McGrath JJ. Vitamin D, effects on brain development, adult brain function and the links between low levels of vitamin D and neuropsychiatric disease. Front Neuroendocrinol 2013; 34:47-64. [PMID: 22796576 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 446] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly vitamin D deficiency is being associated with a number of psychiatric conditions. In particular for disorders with a developmental basis, such as autistic spectrum disorder and schizophrenia the neurobiological plausibility of this association is strengthened by the preclinical data indicating vitamin D deficiency in early life affects neuronal differentiation, axonal connectivity, dopamine ontogeny and brain structure and function. More recently epidemiological associations have been made between low vitamin D and psychiatric disorders not typically associated with abnormalities in brain development such as depression and Alzheimer's disease. Once again the preclinical findings revealing that vitamin D can regulate catecholamine levels and protect against specific Alzheimer-like pathology increase the plausibility of this link. In this review we have attempted to integrate this clinical epidemiology with potential vitamin D-mediated basic mechanisms. Throughout the review we have highlighted areas where we think future research should focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl W Eyles
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, QLD 4076, Australia.
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Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a review with a focus on molecular mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:11718-11752. [PMID: 23109880 PMCID: PMC3472772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms130911718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disabling disease of the central nervous system commonly affecting young adults. Pathologically, there are patches of inflammation (plaques) with demyelination of axons and oligodendrocyte loss. There is a global latitude gradient in MS prevalence, and incidence of MS is increasing (particularly in females). These changes suggest a major role for environmental factors in causation of disease. We have reviewed the evidence and potential mechanisms of action for three exposures: vitamin D, Epstein Barr virus and cigarette smoking. Recent advances supporting gene-environment interactions are reviewed. Further research is needed to establish mechanisms of causality in humans and to explore preventative strategies.
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Eyles D, Feldon J, Meyer U. Schizophrenia: do all roads lead to dopamine or is this where they start? Evidence from two epidemiologically informed developmental rodent models. Transl Psychiatry 2012; 2:e81. [PMID: 22832818 PMCID: PMC3309552 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2012.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea that there is some sort of abnormality in dopamine (DA) signalling is one of the more enduring hypotheses in schizophrenia research. Opinion leaders have published recent perspectives on the aetiology of this disorder with provocative titles such as 'Risk factors for schizophrenia--all roads lead to dopamine' or 'The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia--the final common pathway'. Perhaps, the other most enduring idea about schizophrenia is that it is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Those of us that model schizophrenia developmental risk-factor epidemiology in animals in an attempt to understand how this may translate to abnormal brain function have consistently shown that as adults these animals display behavioural, cognitive and pharmacological abnormalities consistent with aberrant DA signalling. The burning question remains how can in utero exposure to specific (environmental) insults induce persistent abnormalities in DA signalling in the adult? In this review, we summarize convergent evidence from two well-described developmental animal models, namely maternal immune activation and developmental vitamin D deficiency that begin to address this question. The adult offspring resulting from these two models consistently reveal locomotor abnormalities in response to DA-releasing or -blocking drugs. Additionally, as adults these animals have DA-related attentional and/or sensorimotor gating deficits. These findings are consistent with many other developmental animal models. However, the authors of this perspective have recently refocused their attention on very early aspects of DA ontogeny and describe reductions in genes that induce or specify dopaminergic phenotype in the embryonic brain and early changes in DA turnover suggesting that the origins of these behavioural abnormalities in adults may be traced to early alterations in DA ontogeny. Whether the convergent findings from these two models can be extended to other developmental animal models for this disease is at present unknown as such early brain alterations are rarely examined. Although it is premature to conclude that such mechanisms could be operating in other developmental animal models for schizophrenia, our convergent data have led us to propose that rather than all roads leading to DA, perhaps, this may be where they start.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eyles
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Queensland, Australia
| | - J Feldon
- Laboratory of Behavioural Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - U Meyer
- Laboratory of Behavioural Neurobiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Physiology and Behaviour Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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Kesby JP, Eyles DW, Burne THJ, McGrath JJ. The effects of vitamin D on brain development and adult brain function. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 347:121-7. [PMID: 21664231 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A role for vitamin D in brain development and function has been gaining support over the last decade. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that this vitamin is actually a neuroactive steroid that acts on brain development, leading to alterations in brain neurochemistry and adult brain function. Early deficiencies have been linked with neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, and adult deficiencies have been associated with a host of adverse brain outcomes, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression and cognitive decline. This review summarises the current state of research on the actions of vitamin D in the brain and the consequences of deficiencies in this vitamin. Furthermore, we discuss specific implications of vitamin D status on the neurotransmitter, dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Kesby
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld 4076, Australia
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Smolders J, Moen SM, Damoiseaux J, Huitinga I, Holmøy T. Vitamin D in the healthy and inflamed central nervous system: access and function. J Neurol Sci 2011; 311:37-43. [PMID: 21862439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 06/25/2011] [Accepted: 07/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High exposure to vitamin D may protect against development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS), possibly through the immunomodulatory properties of its biologically active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. So far, most studies on the possible mechanisms for vitamin D involvement in MS have focused on immune modulation outside the central nervous system (CNS). However, vitamin D may also interfere with the pathophysiology of MS within the CNS. In this review, the potential presence and functions of vitamin D in the inflamed and healthy CNS are explored. We discuss that vitamin D, vitamin D binding protein (DBP), the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and enzymes needed for metabolism (CYP27B1) are present in the CNS. Both VDR and CYP27B1 are expressed on a variety of cells, including neurons, glial cells, and invading lymphocytes. Additionally, vitamin D has been postulated to play a modulating role in several key-processes in MS pathophysiology, including inflammation, demyelination, axonal damage, and remyelination. We conclude that a local role of vitamin D in the inflamed CNS is likely and potentially relevant to MS. Future studies should further characterize the impact of vitamin D on the local disease process of MS in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Smolders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Developmental vitamin D deficiency alters dopamine-mediated behaviors and dopamine transporter function in adult female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010; 208:159-68. [PMID: 19921153 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-009-1717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency has been proposed as a risk factor for schizophrenia. DVD deficiency in neonatal rats is associated with alterations in cellular development, dopamine metabolism, and brain morphology. DVD-deficient adult rats show novelty-induced hyperlocomotion and an enhanced locomotor response to MK-801, which can be ameliorated by pretreatment with the antipsychotic drug haloperidol. OBJECTIVES In this study, we examined locomotor responses of male and female juvenile and adult rats to a dose range of amphetamine. We also measured dopamine receptor and monoamine transporter densities in adult brain. RESULTS Female DVD-deficient adult rats displayed an enhanced sensitivity to amphetamine-induced locomotion, an increased dopamine transporter density in the caudate-putamen and increased affinity in the nucleus accumbens compared with control females. By contrast, there were no differences between control and DVD-deficient male rats. DISCUSSION Taken together, this suggests an alteration in the development of the dopamine system and on dopamine-mediated behaviors in female DVD-deficient rats, and this may be relevant to the underlying neurobiology of schizophrenia.
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Kesby JP, Cui X, Ko P, McGrath JJ, Burne THJ, Eyles DW. Developmental vitamin D deficiency alters dopamine turnover in neonatal rat forebrain. Neurosci Lett 2009; 461:155-8. [PMID: 19500655 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that low vitamin D impacts adversely on brain development. The current study investigated the impact of developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency on dopamine and serotonin metabolism in the neonatal rat brain. DVD-deficiency resulted in an altered dopaminergic metabolic profile in the forebrain, with a decrease in the conversion of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) to homovanillic acid (HVA). Correspondingly, expression of the enzyme required for this conversion, catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT), was decreased. These results suggest that DVD-deficiency influences dopamine turnover during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Kesby
- School of Biomedical Science, University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
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Commissiong JW, Tenenhouse A, Warner M. Specificity and the reliability of quantitation in the analysis of neurotransmitters. Neurochem Int 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0197-0186(91)90062-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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